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समाप्ति करना

A2 verb #4,000 most common 8 min read

समाप्ति करना

samapti karna Top 4,000

Practice it Examples Notes & Tips समाप्ति करना in 30 Seconds

Explanation समाप्ति करना in your Level:

At the A1 level, you are just starting to learn how to say 'finish' or 'end'. While 'samāpti karnā' is a bit advanced, you should recognize it as a formal version of 'to finish'. You might see it in simple signs like 'Karyakram kī samāpti' (End of program). At this stage, focus on the fact that 'samāpti' means 'the end'. You don't need to use it in complex speech yet, but knowing that it is a polite way to say 'stop' is helpful. Think of it like the difference between saying 'The end' and 'This concludes our presentation'. A1 learners should focus on the noun 'samāpti' first before trying to conjugate the verb 'karnā' with it.

As an A2 learner, you are building your ability to handle social situations. 'Samāpti karnā' is useful when you want to sound slightly more formal in school or work. You can use it to describe finishing a project or a lesson. You should start practicing the past tense: 'Mene samāpti kī' (I concluded). Remember that 'samāpti' is feminine! This is a great level to start distinguishing between 'khatm karnā' (casual) and 'samāpti karnā' (formal). If you are talking to a teacher, using 'samāpti' shows that you are making an effort to use 'Shuddh' (pure/formal) Hindi.

At the B1 level, you should be able to use 'samāpti karnā' comfortably in professional and academic settings. You can use it to structure your own speeches or presentations. For example, 'Ab main apne vishay kī samāpti karunga' (Now I will conclude my topic). You should also understand the difference between 'samāpti karnā' (active) and 'samāpti honā' (passive/automatic). You can start using it in written letters or emails to sound more professional. This level requires you to manage the gender agreement perfectly, ensuring that your adjectives and verbs match the feminine 'samāpti'.

By B2, you should understand the stylistic choice behind using 'samāpti karnā'. You know that it sounds more 'Indian' and 'formal' than the Urdu-origin 'khatm karnā'. You can use it in debates or formal discussions to signal that you are wrapping up an argument. You also understand related terms like 'Samāpti Samaroh' (Closing Ceremony). You can use it with complex grammatical structures like 'samāpti karte hue' (while concluding). Your usage should feel natural and not forced. You can also distinguish when 'samāpti' is better than 'ant' or 'pūrā'.

At the C1 level, you are mastering the nuances of Hindi literature and high-level discourse. You use 'samāpti karnā' to discuss abstract concepts—the conclusion of an era, the end of a philosophical movement, or the resolution of a complex legal case. You are aware of the Sanskrit roots and how they connect to other words like 'Prāpti' (attainment). You can use the word in varied tones, from official to poetic. You might encounter it in classical literature or high-level political speeches. You understand how it functions in the passive voice in legal texts: 'Is prakriya kī samāpti kī jaatī hai' (This process is being concluded).

At the C2 level, you have near-native intuition. You use 'samāpti karnā' with precision, often pairing it with sophisticated adverbs to describe *how* something was concluded (e.g., 'vidhivat samāpti' - ritualistic/formal conclusion). You can appreciate the word's use in the Indian Constitution or in the closing of ancient Vedic texts. You might use it metaphorically or in high-art critiques. You understand the historical weight the word carries and can switch between 'samāpti', 'itishrī', and 'visarjan' depending on the exact cultural or religious ritual being performed. Your mastery includes knowing when *not* to use it to avoid sounding archaic.

Practice it Examples Notes & Tips

समाप्ति करना in 30 Seconds

A formal Hindi verb phrase meaning 'to conclude' or 'to bring to an end', primarily used in official and ceremonial contexts.
Rooted in Sanskrit, it carries a tone of professionalism and finality, distinguishing it from the casual word 'khatm karnā'.
It is a transitive conjunct verb; in the past tense, it requires the 'ne' particle and agrees with the feminine noun 'samāpti'.
Commonly heard in news broadcasts, graduation ceremonies, legal documents, and formal speeches to signal a structured wrap-up.

The Hindi verb phrase समाप्ति करना (samāpti karnā) is a sophisticated and formal way to express the act of bringing something to a definitive end or conclusion. Rooted deeply in Sanskrit, this term carries a weight of finality and officiality that simpler verbs like 'khatm karnā' (to finish) lack. When you use samāpti karnā, you aren't just stopping an activity; you are concluding a process, a ceremony, a speech, or a formal period of time. It implies a structured ending where all loose ends are tied up and the matter is officially closed. In the context of Hindi grammar, this is a conjunct verb, where the noun 'samāpti' (conclusion/end) is paired with the helper verb 'karnā' (to do).

Grammatical Register: This term is primarily used in formal, academic, and literary settings. You will hear it in news broadcasts, read it in official government documents, and encounter it in the closing remarks of a formal event. While an English speaker might use 'finish' for both a sandwich and a business meeting, a Hindi speaker would use 'khana' (eat) for the sandwich and 'samāpti karnā' for the meeting to maintain the appropriate level of respect and formality.
Semantic Nuance: The word suggests a 'full attainment' of a goal. The prefix 'sam' implies 'together' or 'complete', and 'āpti' refers to 'attainment' or 'reaching'. Therefore, 'samāpti' is the state of having reached the destination or the full extent of a plan. It is the ritualistic closing of a circle.

"मुख्य अतिथि ने अपने भाषण की समाप्ति की और सबको धन्यवाद दिया।"

— The chief guest concluded his speech and thanked everyone.

In daily life, you might not use this word when talking to your friends about finishing a movie, but you would certainly use it when writing a formal report or describing the end of a religious ceremony. It distinguishes between the mere cessation of an action and the purposeful conclusion of an event. For instance, if a rainstorm stops, you use 'rukna' (to stop), but if a host decides to end a party formally, they might perform the 'samāpti' of the gathering.

"हमें इस परियोजना की समाप्ति करना होगा ताकि हम नया काम शुरू कर सकें।"

— We must conclude this project so that we can start new work.

Understanding the difference between 'samāpt karnā' (to finish) and 'samāpti karnā' (to conclude) is key for intermediate learners. While 'samāpt' is an adjective used as a verb component, 'samāpti' is a noun. Using 'samāpti karnā' emphasizes the *act* of concluding as a formal procedure. It is frequently seen in the context of 'Samāpti Samaroh' (Closing Ceremony), common in sports and festivals.

"अध्यक्ष ने बैठक की समाप्ति की घोषणा की।"

— The president announced the conclusion of the meeting.

Using समाप्ति करना correctly requires an understanding of Hindi's transitive verb structure. Since 'karnā' (to do) is transitive, when you use it in the past tense, you must use the 'ne' postposition with the subject. The verb will then agree in gender and number with the object (samāpti), which is feminine. Therefore, in the past tense, it almost always becomes 'samāpti kī' (did the conclusion).

Present Tense (Habitual): To describe something that regularly concludes: "वह हमेशा समय पर काम की समाप्ति करता है" (He always concludes the work on time). Notice how 'karta hai' agrees with the masculine subject 'voh'.
Past Tense (Perfective): This is the most common usage: "उन्होंने कार्यक्रम की समाप्ति की" (They concluded the program). Here, 'kī' is feminine because 'samāpti' is feminine. The subject 'unhon-ne' takes the 'ne' particle.

"क्या आप इस चर्चा की समाप्ति करेंगे?"

— Will you conclude this discussion? (Future Tense)

When using this verb in the imperative (giving orders or requests), it sounds very formal. "कृपया इस खेल की समाप्ति कीजिए" (Please conclude this game) is much more polite and formal than saying "khatm karo". It is often used by moderators, referees, or officials. In literary Hindi, you might find the passive construction: "कार्य की समाप्ति की गई" (The work was concluded), which removes the focus from the doer and places it on the act of completion itself.

In complex sentences, 'samāpti karnā' can be used with auxiliary verbs to indicate necessity or desire. "मुझे आज इस अध्याय की समाप्ति करनी है" (I have to conclude this chapter today). Note how 'karnī' changes to feminine to match 'samāpti'. This level of agreement is crucial for sounding like a native speaker at the A2 and B1 levels.

"लेखक ने कहानी की समाप्ति बहुत खूबसूरती से की।"

— The author concluded the story very beautifully.

You are most likely to encounter समाप्ति करना in institutional and ceremonial contexts. It is not a 'street' word. If you are watching the evening news on Doordarshan (India's public broadcaster), the anchor might say, "समाचार की समाप्ति यहीं होती है" (The news concludes here). It provides a sense of closure that is respectful to the audience.

In Education: Teachers use it to signal the end of a semester or a specific lesson plan. "हम इस पाठ्यक्रम की समाप्ति अगले सप्ताह करेंगे" (We will conclude this course next week). It sounds more professional than saying the course will just 'stop'.
In Legal and Corporate Settings: Contracts often have a 'Samāpti' clause. Lawyers discuss the 'samāpti' of a lease or a legal agreement. "अनुबंध की समाप्ति करना अनिवार्य है" (It is mandatory to conclude the contract).

"सत्र की समाप्ति के बाद सभी छात्र घर चले गए।"

— After the conclusion of the session, all students went home.

Religious ceremonies in India, whether Hindu, Sikh, or Jain, often have a specific 'Samāpti' phase. This is the time for final prayers (Aarti or Ardas). A priest might say, "अब हम पूजा की समाप्ति करेंगे" (Now we will conclude the prayer). Here, the word takes on a spiritual dimension, representing the successful offering of devotion.

"मैच की समाप्ति पर दोनों टीमों ने हाथ मिलाया।"

— At the conclusion of the match, both teams shook hands.

One of the most frequent errors learners make is using समाप्ति करना in casual, everyday contexts where it sounds unnaturally stiff. For example, you wouldn't tell your friend "I concluded my lunch" using this word; you would just say you 'ate' or 'finished' (khatm kiya). Using high-register words in low-register situations is a classic 'textbook' mistake.

Confusing Transitive and Intransitive: Learners often confuse 'samāpti karnā' (to end something) with 'samāpt honā' (to end by itself). If the movie ends, it is 'samāpt huī' (intransitive). If the projectionist ends the movie, he 'samāpti kī' (transitive). Make sure you know who is doing the ending!
Gender Agreement Errors: Since 'samāpti' is feminine, many students mistakenly say 'samāpti kiya' (masculine). It must be 'samāpti kī'. This is a very common slip-up because 'karnā' usually defaults to masculine 'kiya' with many other nouns.

❌ "मैने अपना खाना समाप्ति किया।" (Wrong: Too formal and wrong gender)
✅ "मैने खाना खत्म किया।" (Right for casual context)

Another mistake is overusing the noun form 'samāpti' when the adjective-verb 'samāpt karnā' would be smoother. While 'samāpti karnā' is correct, it is often more natural to say 'samāpt karnā' (without the 'i'). 'Samāpti karnā' specifically draws attention to the *event* of the ending, whereas 'samāpt karnā' is a more direct action.

Hindi has a rich vocabulary for ending things, and choosing the right one depends entirely on the context and the 'flavor' of the ending. While समाप्ति करना is formal, other words offer different shades of meaning.

खत्म करना (Khatm karnā): The most common, everyday term. It comes from Arabic. Use this for finishing food, a book, a movie, or a conversation with a friend. It is neutral and versatile.
पूरा करना (Pūrā karnā): Literally 'to make whole'. Use this when the focus is on completion or fulfilling a requirement, like finishing homework or a task. 'Samāpti' is about the end point; 'Pūrā' is about the completeness.
अंत करना (Ant karnā): Used for putting a stop to something, often something negative. "बुराई का अंत करना" (To end evil). It has a very dramatic and final tone.

"उन्होंने समारोह की इतिश्री की।"

— This is a very high-literary alternative meaning 'to conclude' (literally 'to do the auspicious end').

In a technical or mechanical sense, you might use 'band karnā' (to close/stop). For example, you 'band' a shop or a machine. You 'samāpti' a session. The choice of word signals your relationship with the listener and your mastery of the language's social nuances. Using 'samāpti' in a government office will likely get you a more professional response than using 'khatm'.

How Formal Is It?

Fun Fact

The root 'āp' in Sanskrit is related to the English word 'apt' and 'aptitude', both dealing with reaching a certain quality or state.

Pronunciation Guide

UK /sə.mɑːp.t̪i kəɾ.nɑː/

US /sə.mɑːp.ti kər.nɑː/

The primary stress is on the second syllable 'mā' of 'samāpti'. The verb 'karnā' has a slight stress on the final 'nā'.

Rhymes With

प्राप्ति (Prāpti - Attainment) व्याप्ति (Vyāpti - Pervasiveness) शक्ति (Shakti - Power) भक्ति (Bhakti - Devotion) मुक्ति (Mukti - Liberation) युक्ति (Yukti - Strategy) रक्ति (Rakti - Attachment) विरक्ति (Virakti - Detachment)

Common Errors

Pronouncing the 't' in 'samāpti' as a hard English 't'. It should be a soft dental 't'.
Making the 'i' at the end of 'samāpti' too long. It is a short vowel.
Forgetting to make the verb feminine (kī) when using it in the past tense.
Pronouncing 'sam' like 'Sam' (the name). It should be 'suhm'.
Over-emphasizing the 'p' which should be light.

Difficulty Rating

Reading 2/5

Easy to recognize in texts due to its frequent use in headings and closing lines.

Writing 4/5

Requires careful attention to the feminine gender agreement and the 'ne' particle in past tense.

Speaking 3/5

Pronunciation of dental 't' and the short 'i' can be tricky for English natives.

Listening 2/5

Distinctive sound makes it easy to pick out in formal speeches or news.

What to Learn Next

Prerequisites

करना (To do) अंत (End) काम (Work) खत्म (Finish) बैठक (Meeting)

Learn Next

आरंभ करना (To begin) निष्कर्ष (Conclusion) समारोह (Ceremony) उद्घाटन (Inauguration) प्रक्रिया (Process)

Advanced

इतिश्री (Auspicious end) विसर्जन (Immersion/Ritual end) संपन्न (Completed) परिणति (Result/Culmination) अवसान (Decline/End)

Grammar to Know

Conjunct Verbs (Noun + Verb)

In 'समाप्ति करना', 'समाप्ति' is the noun that provides the meaning, and 'करना' is the light verb that provides the action.

Ergative Case (ne particle)

In the past tense: 'राम ने समाप्ति की' (Ram concluded). The 'ne' is used with the subject of transitive verbs.

Gender Agreement with Noun Objects

Because 'समाप्ति' is feminine, the verb 'करना' becomes 'की' in the past tense, regardless of the subject's gender.

Genitive Case (kā/ke/kī)

To say 'End OF something', use 'kī' because 'samāpti' is feminine: 'काम की समाप्ति'.

Future Tense Conjugation

Main samāpti karūngā (I will conclude) vs. Hum samāpti karenge (We will conclude).

Examples by Level

कहानी की समाप्ति हुई।

The story ended.

Simple past tense of the intransitive version 'samāpt honā'.

आज काम की समाप्ति है।

Today is the end of work.

'Samāpti' used as a noun with 'hai' (is).

खेल की समाप्ति कब है?

When is the end of the game?

Interrogative sentence using 'kab' (when).

यह फिल्म की समाप्ति है।

This is the end of the film.

Demonstrative pronoun 'yeh' with feminine noun 'samāpti'.

कृपया समाप्ति कीजिए।

Please conclude.

Formal imperative using 'kījiye'.

सत्र की समाप्ति हो गई।

The session has ended.

Compound verb 'ho gaī' indicating completion.

समाप्ति अच्छी थी।

The ending was good.

Adjective 'achhī' agrees with feminine 'samāpti'.

हमें समाप्ति करना है।

We have to conclude.

Infinitive 'karnā' used to show necessity.

शिक्षक ने कक्षा की समाप्ति की।

The teacher concluded the class.

Use of 'ne' with the subject; verb 'kī' agrees with 'samāpti'.

क्या आप बैठक की समाप्ति करेंगे?

Will you conclude the meeting?

Future tense masculine singular 'karenge' (formal).

हमने अपनी यात्रा की समाप्ति की।

We concluded our journey.

Past tense with 'humne' (we + ne).

वह अपने भाषण की समाप्ति कर रहा है।

He is concluding his speech.

Present continuous tense 'kar rahā hai'.

इस कहानी की समाप्ति दुखद है।

The ending of this story is sad.

Adjective 'dukhad' (sad) modifying 'samāpti'.

क्या आपने काम की समाप्ति कर ली?

Did you finish/conclude the work?

Compound verb 'kar lī' adding a sense of 'for oneself'.

समारोह की समाप्ति 9 बजे होगी।

The ceremony will conclude at 9 o'clock.

Future tense 'hogī' (will be/will happen).

लेखक ने उपन्यास की समाप्ति की।

The author concluded the novel.

Transitive past tense construction.

अध्यक्ष ने चर्चा की समाप्ति की घोषणा की।

The chairperson announced the conclusion of the discussion.

Genitive 'kī' linking 'charchā' and 'samāpti'.

हमें इस परियोजना की समाप्ति समय पर करनी चाहिए।

We should conclude this project on time.

Modal verb 'chāhiye' (should) with feminine 'karnī'.

फिल्म की समाप्ति ने सबको चौंका दिया।

The film's ending surprised everyone.

'Samāpti' acting as the subject with 'ne'.

उन्होंने बहुत ही शांति से विवाद की समाप्ति की।

They concluded the dispute very peacefully.

Adverbial phrase 'shānti se' (peacefully).

क्या सरकार इस कानून की समाप्ति करेगी?

Will the government conclude/abolish this law?

Formal future tense 'karegī' agreeing with feminine 'Sarkār'.

कार्यक्रम की समाप्ति के बाद जलपान होगा।

There will be refreshments after the conclusion of the program.

Postposition 'ke bād' (after) following 'samāpti'.

उसने अपनी नौकरी की समाप्ति का निर्णय लिया।

He decided to conclude (end) his job.

Noun 'nirnay' (decision) used with 'liyā'.

वैज्ञानिकों ने अपने प्रयोग की समाप्ति की।

The scientists concluded their experiment.

Plural subject 'vaigyānikon' with 'ne'.

वकील ने अपनी दलीलों की समाप्ति करते हुए न्यायाधीश को प्रणाम किया।

Concluding his arguments, the lawyer bowed to the judge.

Present participle 'samāpti karte hue' (while concluding).

इस संधि की समाप्ति से दोनों देशों के बीच तनाव कम होगा।

The conclusion of this treaty will reduce tension between both countries.

Ablative 'se' (from/by) showing cause and effect.

मुख्य अतिथि के भाषण के साथ ही समारोह की समाप्ति हुई।

The ceremony concluded along with the chief guest's speech.

Phrase 'ke sāth hī' (right along with).

लेखक ने नायक की मृत्यु के साथ उपन्यास की समाप्ति करना उचित समझा।

The author thought it appropriate to conclude the novel with the hero's death.

Complex object 'samāpti karnā uchit samjhā'.

हमें इस बहस की समाप्ति किसी ठोस निष्कर्ष पर करनी होगी।

We will have to conclude this debate on a solid conclusion.

Future necessity 'karnī hogī'.

संस्था ने अपने वार्षिक उत्सव की भव्य समाप्ति की।

The organization made a grand conclusion to its annual festival.

Adjective 'bhavy' (grand) modifying 'samāpti'.

क्या आप इस अध्याय की समाप्ति आज ही कर सकते हैं?

Can you conclude this chapter today itself?

Ability verb 'sakte hain' with 'hī' for emphasis.

पुलिस ने मामले की जांच की समाप्ति कर रिपोर्ट पेश की।

The police concluded the investigation of the case and presented the report.

Conjunctive participle 'kar' (having done).

दार्शनिक ने अपने तर्क की समाप्ति एक गहरे प्रश्न के साथ की।

The philosopher concluded his argument with a profound question.

Use of 'gahre' (profound/deep) as an abstract adjective.

साम्राज्य की समाप्ति के साथ ही एक नए युग का सूत्रपात हुआ।

With the conclusion of the empire, a new era began.

High-register word 'sūtrapāt' (commencement/inception).

संपादक ने लेख की समाप्ति बहुत ही प्रभावशाली ढंग से की है।

The editor has concluded the article in a very effective manner.

Present perfect tense 'kī hai'.

अदालत ने गवाहों के बयानों की समाप्ति के बाद अपना फैसला सुरक्षित रख लिया।

After the conclusion of the witnesses' statements, the court reserved its judgment.

Legal terminology 'faislā surakshit rakhnā'.

कलाकार ने अपनी प्रदर्शनी की समाप्ति एक विशेष नीलामी द्वारा की।

The artist concluded his exhibition by means of a special auction.

Instrumental 'dvārā' (by/through).

इस ऐतिहासिक घटना ने एक लंबे संघर्ष की समाप्ति की।

This historical event concluded a long struggle.

Abstract subject 'ghatnā' (event) taking 'ne'.

क्या आप अपनी कविताओं की समाप्ति हमेशा इसी तरह करते हैं?

Do you always conclude your poems in this same way?

Habitual present tense in a question.

समिति ने अपनी सिफारिशों की समाप्ति करते हुए सुधारों पर जोर दिया।

Concluding its recommendations, the committee emphasized reforms.

Participle 'karte hue' used for simultaneous action.

ब्रह्मांड के इस कल्प की समाप्ति के पश्चात पुनः सृष्टि का आरंभ होगा।

After the conclusion of this cosmic cycle, the creation will begin again.

Sanskritized vocabulary: 'kalp' (aeon), 'pashchāt' (after), 'srishti' (creation).

महाकाव्य की समाप्ति पर कवि ने ईश्वरीय वंदना की।

At the conclusion of the epic, the poet offered divine praise.

Locative 'par' indicating a specific point in a narrative.

उन्होंने अपने जीवन के सक्रिय राजनीति वाले अध्याय की समाप्ति की घोषणा कर दी।

He announced the conclusion of the chapter of his life involving active politics.

Metaphorical use of 'adhyāy' (chapter).

इस दार्शनिक ग्रंथ की समाप्ति मौन के महत्व को रेखांकित करती है।

The conclusion of this philosophical text underlines the importance of silence.

Verb 'rekhānkit karnā' (to underline/highlight).

कूटनीतिज्ञों ने वार्ता की समाप्ति एक संयुक्त विज्ञप्ति के साथ की।

The diplomats concluded the talks with a joint communique.

Technical term 'sanyukt vigyapti' (joint communique).

शास्त्रीय संगीत की सभा की समाप्ति 'भैरवी' राग के साथ की जाती है।

A classical music gathering is traditionally concluded with the 'Bhairavi' raga.

Passive voice 'kī jātī hai' showing tradition.

उपन्यासकार ने कथानक की समाप्ति में विरोधाभास का सहारा लिया।

The novelist took the help of paradox in concluding the plot.

Literary device 'virodhābhās' (paradox).

यज्ञ की समाप्ति पर पूर्णाहुति दी गई।

At the conclusion of the ritual fire, the final offering was made.

Ritualistic term 'pūrnāhuti' (final offering).

Synonyms

समाप्त करना खत्म करना पूर्ण करना संपन्न करना अंत करना विराम देना इतिश्री करना पूरा करना

Antonyms

शुरू करना आरंभ करना प्रारंभ करना जारी रखना

Common Collocations

भाषण की समाप्ति

बैठक की समाप्ति

कार्य की समाप्ति

सत्र की समाप्ति

अनुबंध की समाप्ति

युद्ध की समाप्ति

खेल की समाप्ति

पूजा की समाप्ति

कहानी की समाप्ति

चर्चा की समाप्ति

Common Phrases

समाप्ति की ओर

— Towards the end. Used when something is about to finish.

कार्यक्रम अब समाप्ति की ओर है।

समाप्ति का समय

— The time of conclusion. Used for schedules.

समाप्ति का समय नजदीक है।

सफलतापूर्वक समाप्ति

— Successful conclusion. Used for projects or missions.

अभियान की सफलतापूर्वक समाप्ति हुई।

औपचारिक समाप्ति

— Formal conclusion. Used for official acts.

आज बैठक की औपचारिक समाप्ति हुई।

समाप्ति रेखा

— Finish line. Used in races or metaphorical goals.

धावक ने समाप्ति रेखा पार की।

समाप्ति तिथि

— Expiry date or end date. Used for documents.

पासपोर्ट की समाप्ति तिथि देखें।

समारोह की समाप्ति

— End of the ceremony.

समारोह की समाप्ति पर राष्ट्रगान हुआ।

समय की समाप्ति

— End of time / Time out.

समय की समाप्ति की घोषणा हो चुकी है।

अध्याय की समाप्ति

— End of a chapter (literal or metaphorical).

यह मेरे जीवन के एक अध्याय की समाप्ति है।

विवाद की समाप्ति

— End of a dispute.

दोनों पक्षों ने विवाद की समाप्ति की।

Often Confused With

समाप्ति करना vs समाप्त होना (samāpt honā)

This is the intransitive version. Use it when something ends by itself (e.g., The movie ended). Use 'samāpti karnā' when someone ends it.

समाप्ति करना vs संपन्न करना (sampann karnā)

This means 'to successfully complete'. It is even more formal and usually implies a ritual or a large achievement.

समाप्ति करना vs बंद करना (band karnā)

This means 'to close' or 'to shut'. Use it for doors, shops, or machines, but not for speeches or ceremonies.

Idioms & Expressions

"इतिश्री होना"

— To come to an end (often used for projects or long processes).

आज इस पुराने कानून की इतिश्री हो गई।

Literary

"पूर्ण विराम लगाना"

— To put a full stop to something; to end something permanently.

उसने अपनी बुरी आदतों पर पूर्ण विराम लगा दिया।

Common

"पर्दा गिरना"

— The curtain falls; meaning an event or a life has ended.

उनके राजनीतिक करियर पर पर्दा गिर गया।

Metaphorical

"बिस्तर गोल करना"

— To pack up and leave; to end one's stay or work abruptly.

कंपनी बंद हुई और सबने अपना बिस्तर गोल कर लिया।

Colloquial

"राम नाम सत्य होना"

— A chant used during funerals, but idiomatically means something is completely finished/dead.

उस पुरानी मशीन का अब राम नाम सत्य हो गया है।

Slang/Crude

"खात्मा करना"

— To finish off or eliminate (often used for enemies or problems).

पुलिस ने गैंग का खात्मा कर दिया।

Strong/Informal

"ठंडे बस्ते में डालना"

— To put something in cold storage; to end active consideration of a project.

सरकार ने उस योजना को ठंडे बस्ते में डाल दिया।

Political

"अंतिम सांस लेना"

— To take the last breath; to die.

उन्होंने अस्पताल में अपनी अंतिम सांस ली।

Formal

"किस्सा खत्म करना"

— To end the story/matter once and for all.

पैसे वापस करो और यह किस्सा खत्म करो।

Casual

"नदी पार करना"

— To cross the river; metaphorically to conclude a difficult phase.

परीक्षा खत्म होते ही हमने कठिन नदी पार कर ली।

Literary

Easily Confused

समाप्ति करना vs समापन (samāpan)

Both refer to the end.

'Samāpan' is specifically the 'act of closing' a formal event (like a closing ceremony). 'Samāpti' is the general noun for the 'end'.

समारोह का समापन (Closing of the ceremony) vs. काम की समाप्ति (End of work).

समाप्ति करना vs अंत (ant)

Both mean 'end'.

'Ant' is more basic and can be used for the end of a physical object (like a road) or a life. 'Samāpti' is for processes and time-bound events.

कहानी का अंत (The story's end) vs. चर्चा की समाप्ति (The discussion's conclusion).

समाप्ति करना vs खत्म (khatm)

Both mean 'finished'.

'Khatm' is Persian-origin and used in daily life. 'Samāpti' is Sanskrit-origin and used in formal life.

खाना खत्म करो (Finish the food) vs. सत्र की समाप्ति (Conclusion of the session).

समाप्ति करना vs पूर्णता (pūrnatā)

Both relate to completion.

'Pūrnatā' means 'perfection' or 'completeness' as a state. 'Samāpti' is the point in time where something ends.

काम की समाप्ति (Ending the work) vs. काम की पूर्णता (The completeness of the work).

समाप्ति करना vs विराम (virām)

Both mean 'stop'.

'Virām' is a 'pause' or a 'rest'. It doesn't always mean a permanent end, whereas 'samāpti' usually does.

अल्पविराम (Comma/Short pause) vs. समाप्ति (Final conclusion).

Sentence Patterns

[Subject] ने [Object] की समाप्ति की।

मैंने काम की समाप्ति की।

[Object] की समाप्ति का समय हो गया है।

क्लास की समाप्ति का समय हो गया है।

हमें [Object] की समाप्ति करनी चाहिए।

हमें इस झगड़े की समाप्ति करनी चाहिए।

[Object] की समाप्ति करते हुए, [Subject] ने [Action] किया।

भाषण की समाप्ति करते हुए, नेता ने हाथ जोड़े।

[Object] की सफलतापूर्वक समाप्ति हुई।

मिशन की सफलतापूर्वक समाप्ति हुई।

[Object] की समाप्ति के पश्चात [Result] हुआ।

उत्सव की समाप्ति के पश्चात सन्नाटा छा गया।

[Subject] ने [Object] की समाप्ति की घोषणा कर दी।

अदालत ने सुनवाई की समाप्ति की घोषणा कर दी।

[Abstract Noun] की समाप्ति अपरिहार्य है।

इस युग की समाप्ति अपरिहार्य है।

Word Family

Nouns

समाप्ति (samāpti) - Conclusion

समापन (samāpan) - Closing/Concluding act

समाप्त (samāpt) - Finished state

Verbs

समाप्त करना (samāpt karnā) - To finish

समाप्त होना (samāpt honā) - To be finished

समापन करना (samāpan karnā) - To perform the closing ceremony

Adjectives

समाप्त (samāpt) - Finished

समापनीय (samāpanīya) - Concludable

असमाप्त (asamāpt) - Unfinished

अंत (ant) - End

पूर्ण (pūrn) - Complete

नतीजा (natījā) - Result

निष्कर्ष (nishkarsh) - Conclusion/Inference

विराम (virām) - Stop/Pause

How to Use It

frequency

Highly frequent in formal speech, news, and literature. Infrequent in casual street slang.

Common Mistakes

मैने काम समाप्ति किया। (Maine kām samāpti kiyā) → मैने काम की समाप्ति की। (Maine kām kī samāpti kī)
Two errors: 1) You need the genitive 'kī' between 'kām' and 'samāpti'. 2) The verb must be feminine 'kī' to match 'samāpti'.
फिल्म समाप्ति हुई। (Film samāpti huī) → फिल्म समाप्त हुई। (Film samāpt huī)
When using the intransitive verb 'honā', it is more common to use the adjective 'samāpt' rather than the noun 'samāpti'.
उसका जीवन समाप्ति हो गया। (Uska jīvan samāpti ho gayā) → उसका निधन हो गया। (Uska nidhan ho gayā)
Never use 'samāpti' for death. It sounds impersonal and rude.
खाना समाप्ति करो। (Khānā samāpti karo) → खाना खत्म करो। (Khānā khatm karo)
Using 'samāpti' for food is way too formal and sounds unnatural.
समाप्ति रेखा को पार किया। (Samāpti rekhā ko pār kiyā) → समाप्ति रेखा पार की। (Samāpti rekhā pār kī)
While 'ko' is sometimes used, 'pār karnā' usually takes the object directly. More importantly, check the overall flow of the sentence.

Tips

Gender Agreement

Always remember that 'samāpti' is feminine. In the past tense, the verb will always be 'kī', never 'kiyā'. This is the most common mistake for learners.

Use in Business

When ending a professional email or a meeting, 'samāpti' makes you sound much more competent and respectful than 'khatm'.

The 'Pti' Cluster

The 'pti' in 'samāpti' is written as a conjunct of 'p' and 't'. Practice writing it to ensure the vowel 'i' is placed correctly.

Academic Usage

Use this word when discussing the end of a semester, a course, or a specific chapter in your studies.

Samāpti vs. Ant

Use 'samāpti' for things that follow a plan (like a meeting) and 'ant' for things that just stop or have a physical limit.

Dental T

The 't' in 'pti' is dental. Touch your tongue to your upper teeth, not the roof of your mouth.

Elegant Endings

To end a speech gracefully, say: 'Main apne vishay kī samāpti ek kavitā se karnā chāhūngā' (I would like to conclude my topic with a poem).

News Cues

When you hear 'samāpti' on the news, it's a cue that the most important information has already been shared and they are wrapping up.

Official Letters

In official letters, use 'samāpti' to refer to the end of a contract period or a service term.

Religious Context

Understand that 'samāpti' in a religious context is often followed by a distribution of 'Prasād' (blessed food).

Memorize It

Mnemonic

Think of 'Sam' as 'Same' and 'Apti' as 'Activity'. When the 'Same Activity' is done completely, you reach the 'Samāpti'. Or imagine a 'Map' (māp) that shows you the way to the end of a 'ti' (tea) party.

Visual Association

Imagine a judge hitting a gavel and saying 'Samāpti!'. The sound of the gavel is the definitive end of the process.

Word Web

End Formal Sanskrit Ceremony Speech Feminine Finality Completion

Challenge

Try to use 'samāpti karnā' three times today: once when finishing a meeting, once when finishing a chapter of a book, and once when finishing a formal email.

Word Origin

Derived from the Sanskrit word 'समाप्ति' (samāpti). It is a combination of the prefix 'sam' (सम - together/completely) + 'āpti' (आप्ति - reaching/attainment/acquisition).

Original meaning: The state of having completely reached or attained a goal; full completion.

Indo-Aryan (Sanskrit origin).

Cultural Context

As noted, avoid using this for death. It is for processes and events, not for human lives.

English speakers often use 'finish' for everything. To sound natural in Hindi, you must learn to switch to 'samāpti' for formal events to avoid sounding too 'street' or informal.

The phrase 'Samāpti' is the title of a famous short story by Rabindranath Tagore. In the Mahabharata, the end of the war is described as the 'samāpti' of an era (Yuga). Radio programs in India traditionally end with 'Karyakram kī samāpti'.

Practice in Real Life

Real-World Contexts

Professional Meetings

बैठक की समाप्ति
चर्चा की समाप्ति
सत्र की समाप्ति
समाप्ति की घोषणा

Academic Environment

पाठ्यक्रम की समाप्ति
परीक्षा की समाप्ति
अध्याय की समाप्ति
शिक्षा सत्र की समाप्ति

Legal/Official

अनुबंध की समाप्ति
जांच की समाप्ति
कानून की समाप्ति
सेवा की समाप्ति

Ceremonies

समारोह की समाप्ति
उत्सव की समाप्ति
पूजा की समाप्ति
कार्यक्रम की समाप्ति

Creative Writing

कहानी की समाप्ति
उपन्यास की समाप्ति
कविता की समाप्ति
दृश्य की समाप्ति

Conversation Starters

"क्या हम आज की बैठक की समाप्ति कर सकते हैं?"

"आपके विचार में इस फिल्म की समाप्ति कैसी थी?"

"इस प्रोजेक्ट की समाप्ति के लिए हमें और कितना समय चाहिए?"

"समारोह की समाप्ति पर कौन मुख्य अतिथि भाषण देंगे?"

"क्या आपने अपनी नई किताब की समाप्ति कर ली है?"

Journal Prompts

आज आपने अपने कौन से महत्वपूर्ण कार्यों की समाप्ति की? विस्तार से लिखें।

किसी ऐसी फिल्म या किताब के बारे में लिखें जिसकी समाप्ति आपको पसंद नहीं आई।

अपने जीवन के किसी पुराने 'अध्याय' की समाप्ति के बारे में अपने विचार साझा करें।

एक औपचारिक पत्र लिखें जिसमें आप एक अनुबंध की समाप्ति की सूचना दे रहे हों।

सफलतापूर्वक किसी कार्य की समाप्ति करने पर आपको कैसा महसूस होता है?

Frequently Asked Questions

10 questions

Technically you could, but it would sound very strange and overly formal, like saying 'I have concluded my consumption of the evening meal'. Use 'khatm karnā' or 'khā lenā' instead.

It is feminine. This is very important for grammar. You must say 'samāpti kī' (past) and 'samāpti hotī hai' (present).

'Samāpt' is an adjective used as part of a verb, while 'samāpti' is a noun. 'Samāpti karnā' is slightly more formal and emphasizes the 'conclusion' as an event.

It is 'Samāpan Samaroh' (समापन समारोह) or 'Samāpti Samaroh' (समाप्ति समारोह).

Urdu speakers usually prefer 'Ikhtitām' (اختتام) or 'Khatm' (ختم). 'Samāpti' is specifically associated with the Hindi/Sanskrit register.

No, that is considered disrespectful. Use 'nidhan' or 'dehant'.

The most formal opposite is 'ārambh' (beginning) or 'prārambh'.

No, for a physical end, use 'ant' or 'chhor'. 'Samāpti' is for time, processes, or abstract things.

You might hear it in historical or very serious dramas, but in romantic or action movies, characters will almost always say 'khatm'.

No, it can also be used with 'honā' (to happen/end) or as a standalone noun (e.g., 'Samāpti kī tārīkh' - date of conclusion).