tidur in 30 Seconds
- Tidur means to sleep.
- It's a basic verb for rest.
- Used in daily conversations about routines.
- Essential for A1 learners.
The Indonesian word 'tidur' is a fundamental verb that translates directly to 'to sleep' in English. It describes the state of resting with your eyes closed, typically at night, and is one of the most basic and frequently used verbs in the Indonesian language. You'll encounter 'tidur' in everyday conversations, from discussing daily routines to expressing needs and feelings related to rest. It's used universally by people of all ages and backgrounds in Indonesia.
- Basic Usage
- When you want to say someone is sleeping, or you are going to sleep, 'tidur' is the word to use.
- Daily Routines
- Indonesians often talk about their sleep schedule or how much sleep they need using 'tidur'. For example, 'Saya perlu tidur lebih awal malam ini' (I need to sleep earlier tonight).
- Expressing Fatigue
- When someone is tired, they might say they want to sleep. 'Saya sangat lelah, saya mau tidur sekarang' (I am very tired, I want to sleep now).
- Describing Others
- You can also describe other people or animals sleeping. 'Anjing itu sedang tidur di bawah pohon' (That dog is sleeping under the tree).
- About Babies and Children
- It's common to talk about babies or children sleeping. 'Bayi kami sudah tidur nyenyak' (Our baby is sleeping soundly).
This morning, I woke up late because I tidur very late last night.
The cat likes to tidur in the sun.
- When to use 'tidur'
- Use 'tidur' when referring to the act of sleeping, whether it's a planned activity (going to bed) or an ongoing state (someone is currently sleeping).
- Common Scenarios
- Discussing sleep, expressing tiredness, describing someone resting, and talking about children's sleep patterns are all common scenarios for using 'tidur'.
Using 'tidur' in sentences is straightforward. As a verb, it typically follows the subject. In Indonesian, word order is generally Subject-Verb-Object, but for intransitive verbs like 'tidur', it's often just Subject-Verb.
- Basic Sentence Structure
- The most common structure is 'Subject + tidur'.
- Adding Time Expressions
- You can add time adverbs to specify when the sleeping occurs. For example, 'Saya tidur tadi malam' (I slept last night) or 'Dia akan tidur besok' (He/She will sleep tomorrow).
- Using 'sedang' for Ongoing Actions
- To emphasize that someone is currently sleeping, you can use 'sedang' before 'tidur'. 'Mereka sedang tidur' (They are sleeping).
- Expressing Intentions
- To say you want to sleep, you can use 'mau' or 'ingin' before 'tidur'. 'Saya mau tidur' (I want to sleep) or 'Saya ingin tidur' (I wish to sleep).
- Describing the Manner of Sleeping
- Adverbs can be used to describe how someone sleeps. For example, 'Dia tidur nyenyak' (He/She sleeps soundly) or 'Dia tidur pulas' (He/She sleeps deeply).
I need to tidur now because I have an early meeting tomorrow.
The baby is tidur peacefully in her crib.
- Common Patterns
- Subject + 'tidur' + Time/Manner: 'Saya tidur larut malam.' (I sleep late at night.)
- Subject + 'sedang' + 'tidur': 'Mereka sedang tidur.' (They are sleeping.)
- Subject + 'mau'/'ingin' + 'tidur': 'Dia mau tidur.' (He/She wants to sleep.)
You will hear the word 'tidur' constantly in daily Indonesian life. It's a word embedded in the fabric of common conversation, reflecting a universal human need. From the moment you wake up to the moment you go to sleep, the concept of 'tidur' is present.
- Morning Conversations
- When asking about someone's night: 'Bagaimana tidurnya semalam?' (How was your sleep last night?). Or when someone is late: 'Kenapa kamu terlambat? Apa kamu terlalu lama tidur?' (Why are you late? Did you sleep too long?).
- Afternoon/Evening Discussions
- Planning for rest: 'Saya mau tidur siang sebentar.' (I want to take a short nap.) or expressing tiredness: 'Saya sudah mengantuk, saya harus segera tidur.' (I'm already sleepy, I must sleep soon.)
- Family and Friends
- Parents telling children to sleep: 'Sudah waktunya tidur, nak.' (It's time to sleep, child.) or friends discussing sleep habits: 'Kamu tidur jam berapa semalam?' (What time did you sleep last night?).
- Workplace and Public Spaces
- While less direct, discussions about needing rest or feeling tired often precede the use of 'tidur'. You might hear colleagues say, 'Saya perlu istirahat, mata saya sudah berat, mau tidur saja.' (I need to rest, my eyes are heavy, I just want to sleep.)
- Media and Entertainment
- Songs, movies, and books frequently use 'tidur' to describe characters' actions or emotional states. A lullaby might sing, 'Tidurlah, sayangku, tidurlah...' (Sleep, my darling, sleep...).
The phrase 'Selamat tidur' is a common way to say 'Goodnight' before someone goes to tidur.
When you visit an Indonesian home, you might hear parents saying to their children, 'Ayo, sudah malam, saatnya tidur!' (Come on, it's late, time to sleep!).
While 'tidur' is a simple verb, learners might occasionally make mistakes, especially when trying to convey more complex ideas related to sleep or when directly translating from their native language. Here are some common pitfalls to avoid.
- Confusing 'Tidur' with 'Bangun' (Wake Up)
- The most basic mistake is mixing up 'tidur' (to sleep) with 'bangun' (to wake up). Ensure you use the correct verb for the action you want to describe.
- Overusing 'Sedang'
- While 'sedang tidur' correctly means 'is sleeping', learners might sometimes add 'sedang' unnecessarily when talking about the intention or past action of sleeping. For example, 'Saya sedang mau tidur' is incorrect; it should be 'Saya mau tidur'.
- Direct Translation of English Phrases
- Phrases like 'fall asleep' don't directly translate to 'jatuh tidur'. While 'jatuh' means 'fall', in Indonesian, you would typically say 'tertidur' (fell asleep) or simply 'tidur' in context. For example, 'Saya tertidur di sofa' (I fell asleep on the sofa).
- Using 'Tidur' for 'Resting' in General
- 'Tidur' specifically means sleep. If you mean resting without necessarily sleeping, other words like 'istirahat' (to rest) are more appropriate. For example, 'Saya hanya ingin beristirahat' (I just want to rest) is different from 'Saya ingin tidur' (I want to sleep).
- Incorrect Placement of Time Adverbs
- While Indonesian word order is flexible, placing time adverbs incorrectly can sound unnatural. Generally, time adverbs come at the end of the sentence or at the beginning for emphasis. For example, 'Tadi malam saya tidur' is more common than 'Saya tadi malam tidur'.
Mistake: 'Saya sedang tidur semalam.' (Incorrect for past action.)
Correct: 'Saya tidur semalam.' (I slept last night.)
Mistake: 'Dia akan tertidur besok.' (This implies he will fall asleep tomorrow, which is odd.)
Correct: 'Dia akan tidur besok.' (He will sleep tomorrow.) or 'Besok dia akan tertidur karena lelah.' (Tomorrow he will fall asleep because he is tired.)
While 'tidur' is the primary word for sleeping, Indonesian offers other words and phrases that relate to rest and sleep, each with slightly different connotations or usage contexts. Understanding these distinctions will help you express yourself more precisely.
- Istirahat (to rest)
- This is a broader term meaning 'to rest'. You can 'istirahat' without necessarily sleeping. For example, 'Saya lelah, saya mau istirahat sebentar' (I'm tired, I want to rest for a bit). You can 'istirahat' by sitting down, lying down, or taking a break.
- Tidur siang (to sleep during the day / nap)
- This is a specific type of sleeping that occurs during the daytime, commonly known as a nap. 'Siang' means noon or afternoon. So, 'tidur siang' is a daytime sleep.
- Tidur malam (to sleep at night)
- This explicitly refers to sleeping during the night. 'Malam' means night. While 'tidur' by itself often implies night sleep, 'tidur malam' makes it unambiguous.
- Tertidur (fell asleep)
- This is the passive form of 'tidur', meaning 'to have fallen asleep'. It describes the state of having entered sleep, often unintentionally. For example, 'Dia tertidur di kereta' (He/She fell asleep on the train).
- Tidur pulas / Tidur nyenyak (to sleep soundly / deeply)
- These are phrases used to describe a deep, uninterrupted sleep. 'Pulas' and 'nyenyak' both mean soundly or deeply. 'Dia tidur pulas semalam.' (He/She slept soundly last night.)
- Bangun (to wake up)
- This is the direct antonym of 'tidur'. It means to wake up or get up. 'Saya bangun jam 6 pagi.' (I wake up at 6 AM.)
Comparison:
'Saya ingin tidur.' (I want to sleep.)
'Saya ingin istirahat.' (I want to rest.)
'Dia tertidur saat menonton TV.' (He/She fell asleep while watching TV.) This implies an unintentional falling asleep.
How Formal Is It?
Fun Fact
While 'tidur' is the most common word for sleep, older Malay texts or very formal contexts might occasionally use loanwords or more descriptive phrases for sleep, but 'tidur' has always been the standard vernacular. The word's stability over centuries highlights the universal importance of sleep in human life.
Pronunciation Guide
- Pronouncing the 'r' too softly or not at all.
- Making the vowel sound in 'dur' too much like the 'a' in 'cat'.
- Adding an unnecessary 'h' sound after the 't'.
Difficulty Rating
The word 'tidur' is very common and has a direct English translation. Its meaning is easily understood by beginners. Reading comprehension involving 'tidur' at basic levels is straightforward due to its frequent use in simple sentence structures.
As a basic verb, 'tidur' is easy to write correctly. Learners can quickly incorporate it into simple sentences to describe their own actions or observations.
The pronunciation is relatively simple, and the word is essential for basic communication about daily needs. Learners can use it from the very beginning to express their desire to sleep or state that they are sleeping.
Due to its high frequency, learners will quickly become accustomed to hearing 'tidur' in spoken Indonesian, making it easy to recognize.
What to Learn Next
Prerequisites
Learn Next
Advanced
Grammar to Know
Use of 'sedang' for ongoing actions.
Dia sedang tidur.
Use of 'mau' or 'ingin' for intentions.
Saya mau tidur.
Use of time adverbs (e.g., 'tadi malam', 'besok', 'sekarang').
Mereka tidur tadi malam.
Formation of passive voice with 'ter-' prefix.
Dia tertidur di kelas.
Adverbs describing the manner of sleeping (e.g., 'nyenyak', 'pulas').
Anak itu tidur nyenyak.
Examples by Level
Saya mau tidur.
I want to sleep.
Simple statement of desire. 'Mau' means 'want'.
Dia tidur.
He/She is sleeping.
Basic sentence structure: Subject + Verb.
Anak itu tidur.
That child is sleeping.
Using a demonstrative pronoun 'itu' (that).
Kucing tidur.
The cat is sleeping.
Simple subject-verb sentence.
Saya tidur nyenyak.
I sleep soundly.
'Nyenyak' means soundly or deeply.
Mereka tidur.
They are sleeping.
'Mereka' means 'they'.
Sudah waktunya tidur.
It's time to sleep.
Expressing necessity or schedule.
Selamat tidur.
Goodnight.
Common greeting before sleeping.
Saya tidur jam sepuluh malam tadi.
I slept at ten o'clock last night.
Adding time: 'jam sepuluh' (ten o'clock), 'malam' (night), 'tadi' (earlier/past).
Dia sedang tidur siang sekarang.
He/She is napping right now.
'Sedang' indicates an ongoing action, 'tidur siang' is to nap.
Bayi itu tidur dengan pulas.
That baby is sleeping soundly.
'Dengan pulas' describes the manner of sleeping.
Saya ingin tidur lebih awal malam ini.
I want to sleep earlier tonight.
'Lebih awal' means earlier, 'malam ini' means tonight.
Mereka tertidur di bioskop.
They fell asleep at the cinema.
'Tertidur' means fell asleep (often unintentionally).
Setelah bekerja seharian, saya hanya ingin tidur.
After working all day, I just want to sleep.
Connecting an action with the desire to sleep.
Apakah kamu sudah tidur?
Have you slept yet?
Forming a question about sleep.
Kucing saya suka tidur di bawah sinar matahari.
My cat likes to sleep in the sun.
'Suka' means likes, 'di bawah sinar matahari' means under the sunlight.
Kurang tidur dapat mempengaruhi kesehatan Anda.
Lack of sleep can affect your health.
'Kurang tidur' means lack of sleep, 'mempengaruhi' means affect.
Dia sering tertidur saat membaca buku.
He/She often falls asleep while reading a book.
'Sering' means often, 'saat membaca buku' means while reading a book.
Saya berharap bisa tidur nyenyak malam ini setelah perjalanan panjang.
I hope I can sleep soundly tonight after the long journey.
'Berharap' means hope, 'perjalanan panjang' means long journey.
Kebisingan di luar membuat saya sulit untuk tidur.
The noise outside makes it difficult for me to sleep.
'Kebisingan' means noise, 'sulit' means difficult.
Anak-anak harus tidur tepat waktu agar tumbuh sehat.
Children must sleep on time so they can grow up healthy.
'Tepat waktu' means on time, 'agar' means so that, 'tumbuh sehat' means grow healthy.
Dia mencoba untuk tidak tidur di kelas, tapi dia sangat mengantuk.
He/She tried not to sleep in class, but he/she was very sleepy.
'Mencoba untuk tidak' means tried not to, 'mengantuk' means sleepy.
Saya lebih suka tidur di kamar yang gelap dan sejuk.
I prefer to sleep in a dark and cool room.
'Lebih suka' means prefer, 'gelap' means dark, 'sejuk' means cool.
Setelah begadang semalaman, dia akhirnya tertidur di meja.
After staying up all night, he/she finally fell asleep at the desk.
'Begadang' means to stay up late/all night.
Perubahan pola tidur dapat menjadi indikasi awal dari masalah kesehatan mental.
Changes in sleep patterns can be an early indication of mental health issues.
'Pola tidur' means sleep patterns, 'indikasi awal' means early indication, 'masalah kesehatan mental' means mental health issues.
Para ilmuwan sedang meneliti dampak tidur REM terhadap fungsi kognitif.
Scientists are researching the impact of REM sleep on cognitive function.
'Meneliti' means researching, 'dampak' means impact, 'fungsi kognitif' means cognitive function.
Meskipun lelah, dia memaksakan diri untuk tetap terjaga demi menyelesaikan pekerjaannya.
Although tired, he/she forced himself/herself to stay awake to finish his/her work.
'Memaksakan diri' means forced himself/herself, 'tetap terjaga' means stay awake.
Ritme sirkadian tubuh kita mengatur siklus tidur-bangun alami.
Our body's circadian rhythm regulates the natural sleep-wake cycle.
'Ritme sirkadian' means circadian rhythm, 'siklus tidur-bangun' means sleep-wake cycle.
Kurang tidur kronis dapat menyebabkan berbagai masalah kesehatan jangka panjang.
Chronic sleep deprivation can lead to various long-term health problems.
'Kronis' means chronic, 'menyebabkan' means lead to, 'jangka panjang' means long-term.
Fenomena tidur sambil berjalan (somnambulisme) lebih umum terjadi pada anak-anak.
The phenomenon of sleepwalking (somnambulism) is more common in children.
'Fenomena' means phenomenon, 'tidur sambil berjalan' means sleepwalking, 'somnambulisme' is the technical term.
Teknik relaksasi dapat membantu meningkatkan kualitas tidur bagi penderita insomnia.
Relaxation techniques can help improve sleep quality for insomniacs.
'Teknik relaksasi' means relaxation techniques, 'meningkatkan kualitas tidur' means improve sleep quality, 'penderita insomnia' means insomniacs.
Studi menunjukkan bahwa tidur siang singkat dapat meningkatkan kewaspadaan dan kinerja.
Studies show that short naps can improve alertness and performance.
'Studi' means studies, 'meningkatkan kewaspadaan' means improve alertness, 'kinerja' means performance.
Implikasi sosial dan ekonomi dari gangguan tidur yang meluas tidak dapat diabaikan.
The social and economic implications of widespread sleep disturbances cannot be ignored.
'Implikasi' means implications, 'gangguan tidur' means sleep disturbances, 'meluas' means widespread.
Para ahli merekomendasikan untuk menciptakan lingkungan tidur yang kondusif bagi kesehatan optimal.
Experts recommend creating a conducive sleep environment for optimal health.
'Merekomendasikan' means recommend, 'lingkungan tidur yang kondusif' means conducive sleep environment, 'kesehatan optimal' means optimal health.
Deprivasi tidur eksperimental telah digunakan untuk menyelidiki mekanisme neurobiologis tidur.
Experimental sleep deprivation has been used to investigate the neurobiological mechanisms of sleep.
'Deprivasi tidur eksperimental' means experimental sleep deprivation, 'menyelidiki' means investigate, 'mekanisme neurobiologis' means neurobiological mechanisms.
Peran tidur dalam konsolidasi memori dan pembelajaran terus menjadi subjek penelitian intensif.
The role of sleep in memory consolidation and learning continues to be a subject of intensive research.
'Peran' means role, 'konsolidasi memori' means memory consolidation, 'pembelajaran' means learning.
Penggunaan teknologi sebelum tidur terbukti dapat mengganggu produksi melatonin, hormon tidur alami.
The use of technology before sleep has been proven to disrupt the production of melatonin, the natural sleep hormone.
'Terbukti' means proven, 'mengganggu' means disrupt, 'produksi melatonin' means melatonin production.
Dalam studi longitudinal, kualitas tidur yang buruk berkorelasi dengan peningkatan risiko penyakit kardiovaskular.
In longitudinal studies, poor sleep quality correlates with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease.
'Studi longitudinal' means longitudinal studies, 'berkorelasi' means correlates, 'penyakit kardiovaskular' means cardiovascular disease.
Adaptasi sosial terhadap budaya kerja yang menuntut seringkali mengorbankan jam tidur yang memadai.
Social adaptation to demanding work cultures often sacrifices adequate sleep hours.
'Adaptasi sosial' means social adaptation, 'budaya kerja yang menuntut' means demanding work cultures, 'mengorbankan' means sacrifices.
Seniman sering menggambarkan tidur sebagai metafora untuk ketidaksadaran, pelarian, atau transformasi.
Artists often depict sleep as a metaphor for unconsciousness, escape, or transformation.
'Metafora' means metaphor, 'ketidaksadaran' means unconsciousness, 'pelarian' means escape, 'transformasi' means transformation.
Diskursus kontemporer mengenai pentingnya tidur seringkali mengabaikan aspek kultural yang mendasarinya.
Contemporary discourse on the importance of sleep often overlooks the underlying cultural aspects.
'Diskursus kontemporer' means contemporary discourse, 'mengabaikan' means overlooks, 'aspek kultural yang mendasarinya' means underlying cultural aspects.
Fenomenologi tidur menawarkan perspektif unik tentang pengalaman subjektif kesadaran yang terfragmentasi.
The phenomenology of sleep offers a unique perspective on the subjective experience of fragmented consciousness.
'Fenomenologi' means phenomenology, 'perspektif unik' means unique perspective, 'pengalaman subjektif' means subjective experience, 'kesadaran yang terfragmentasi' means fragmented consciousness.
Perdebatan filosofis tentang hakikat mimpi dan hubungannya dengan realitas terus berlanjut, seringkali berpusat pada keadaan tidur.
Philosophical debates about the nature of dreams and their relation to reality continue, often centering on the state of sleep.
'Perdebatan filosofis' means philosophical debates, 'hakikat mimpi' means nature of dreams, 'hubungannya dengan realitas' means their relation to reality.
Kajian psikoanalitik terhadap simbolisme tidur dalam karya sastra mengungkap lapisan makna bawah sadar yang kompleks.
Psychoanalytic studies of sleep symbolism in literary works reveal complex layers of subconscious meaning.
'Kajian psikoanalitik' means psychoanalytic studies, 'simbolisme tidur' means sleep symbolism, 'lapisan makna bawah sadar yang kompleks' means complex layers of subconscious meaning.
Implikasi etis dari intervensi farmakologis yang bertujuan memanipulasi tidur memerlukan pertimbangan yang cermat.
The ethical implications of pharmacological interventions aimed at manipulating sleep require careful consideration.
'Implikasi etis' means ethical implications, 'intervensi farmakologis' means pharmacological interventions, 'memanipulasi tidur' means manipulating sleep.
Dalam narasi surealis, tidur seringkali berfungsi sebagai portal ke alam bawah sadar kolektif, menantang persepsi realitas.
In surreal narratives, sleep often serves as a portal to the collective unconscious, challenging perceptions of reality.
'Narasi surealis' means surreal narratives, 'portal ke alam bawah sadar kolektif' means portal to the collective unconscious, 'menantang persepsi realitas' means challenging perceptions of reality.
Perangkat biofeedback yang canggih memungkinkan individu untuk memantau dan memodulasi gelombang otak mereka selama berbagai tahapan tidur.
Advanced biofeedback devices allow individuals to monitor and modulate their brainwaves during different sleep stages.
'Perangkat biofeedback yang canggih' means advanced biofeedback devices, 'memodulasi' means modulate, 'tahapan tidur' means sleep stages.
Pergeseran paradigma dalam pemahaman tidur menunjukkan bahwa ia bukanlah keadaan pasif, melainkan proses aktif yang krusial bagi homeostasis.
The paradigm shift in understanding sleep suggests it is not a passive state, but an active process crucial for homeostasis.
'Pergeseran paradigma' means paradigm shift, 'keadaan pasif' means passive state, 'proses aktif' means active process, 'krusial bagi homeostasis' means crucial for homeostasis.
Common Collocations
Common Phrases
— This is the standard Indonesian way to say 'Goodnight'. It's a polite farewell before someone goes to sleep.
Sudah larut malam, ayo kita bersiap untuk tidur. Selamat tidur!
— This phrase means 'It's time to sleep'. It's commonly used by parents to tell children, or as a general announcement that bedtime has arrived.
Jam sudah menunjukkan pukul sembilan, sudah waktunya tidur untuk si kecil.
— This is the most direct way to say 'I want to sleep'. It expresses a personal desire or need for sleep.
Saya sangat lelah setelah seharian bekerja, saya mau tidur sekarang.
— This means 'He/She is sleeping'. It describes an action that is currently happening.
Jangan ganggu dia, dia sedang tidur nyenyak.
— This translates to 'How was your sleep?'. It's a common question asked in the morning to inquire about someone's rest.
Kamu terlihat segar pagi ini. Bagaimana tidurnya semalam?
— Literally 'sleep like a bear'. This is an informal idiom meaning to sleep very soundly and deeply, often for a long period.
Setelah liburan panjang, dia tidur seperti beruang selama dua hari penuh.
— Literally 'chicken sleep'. This refers to light, easily disturbed sleep, where one is not sleeping deeply.
Saya hanya tidur ayam semalam karena suara berisik di luar.
— This means 'to sleep regularly' or 'to have a regular sleep schedule'.
Penting untuk memiliki pola tidur teratur demi kesehatan.
— This means 'to sleep soundly' or 'to sleep deeply'. It's used to describe a very restful sleep.
Setelah minum teh herbal, dia tidur pulas sepanjang malam.
— Similar to 'tidur pulas' and 'tidur nyenyak', this also means 'to sleep deeply' or 'to sleep soundly'.
Semoga anak-anak tidur lelap tanpa mimpi buruk.
Often Confused With
'Istirahat' means 'to rest', which is a broader term. You can rest without sleeping. 'Tidur' specifically means to sleep.
'Bangun' is the opposite of 'tidur'. 'Tidur' is to sleep, and 'bangun' is to wake up or get up.
'Mimpi' means 'dream'. Dreams happen *while* you are sleeping ('tidur'), but 'mimpi' itself is not the act of sleeping.
Idioms & Expressions
— Literally 'chicken sleep'. This idiom describes a light, easily disturbed sleep, where one is not sleeping deeply and can be woken up easily. It's the opposite of deep, sound sleep.
Saya hanya bisa tidur ayam semalam karena suara petasan di malam tahun baru.
Informal— Literally 'sleep like a bear'. This idiom means to sleep very soundly, deeply, and often for a long duration, similar to how bears hibernate.
Setelah pendakian yang melelahkan, dia tidur seperti beruang selama tiga belas jam.
Informal— This is not strictly an idiom, but a common phrase meaning 'to sleep for a short while' or 'to take a short nap'. It implies a brief period of rest.
Saya akan tidur sebentar sebelum melanjutkan pekerjaan.
Neutral— Literally 'dead sleep'. This idiom describes a very deep, heavy sleep from which it is extremely difficult to wake someone. It implies an almost unconscious state of sleep.
Setelah seharian bekerja keras, dia tertidur mati di kursinya.
Informal— Literally 'sleep on a golden pillow'. This idiom refers to someone who is very wealthy and lives a life of luxury, implying they have everything they need and can sleep soundly due to their comfort and security.
Sejak mewarisi kekayaan keluarganya, dia seolah tidur di atas bantal emas.
Figurative/Informal— This means 'to be lost in dreams' or 'to be deeply engrossed in sleep and dreams'. It evokes a sense of peaceful or imaginative sleep.
Dia terlelap dalam mimpi indah tentang liburan di pantai.
Poetic/Neutral— Literally 'to throw away sleep time'. This means to waste time that should be spent sleeping, often by staying up unnecessarily late.
Jangan membuang waktu tidurmu hanya untuk bermain game.
Informal— This means 'to sleep peacefully' or 'to sleep calmly'. It implies a state of mental and emotional tranquility during sleep.
Setelah menyelesaikan masalahnya, dia akhirnya bisa tidur dengan tenang.
Neutral— Literally 'sleep sprawled out'. This describes sleeping in a very relaxed, perhaps ungraceful, and widespread manner, often due to extreme exhaustion.
Setelah acara maraton, para peserta tidur bergelimpangan di mana saja.
Informal— Literally 'sleep with eyes open'. This is a figurative expression for being highly vigilant even when seemingly at rest, or for being in a state of extreme alertness. It's not literal sleep.
Dalam situasi berbahaya, kita harus selalu waspada, seolah tidur dengan mata terbuka.
Figurative/InformalEasily Confused
Both relate to stopping activity and recovering energy.
'Istirahat' means to rest, which can involve sitting, lying down, or taking a break without necessarily sleeping. 'Tidur' specifically refers to the act of sleeping, a state of reduced consciousness.
Saya hanya ingin beristirahat sebentar di kursi ini. (I just want to rest for a bit on this chair.) vs. Saya sangat mengantuk, saya mau tidur. (I'm very sleepy, I want to sleep.)
It's the direct opposite action.
'Tidur' is the action of going to sleep or being asleep. 'Bangun' is the action of waking up or getting out of bed.
Setelah tidur, saya harus segera bangun. (After sleeping, I must wake up immediately.)
Both involve sleep, but 'tertidur' implies an unintentional or completed action of falling asleep.
'Tidur' is the general verb for to sleep. 'Tertidur' means to have fallen asleep, often implying it happened unexpectedly or after some effort (or lack thereof) to stay awake.
Dia sedang tidur di kelas. (He is sleeping in class - ongoing action.) vs. Dia tertidur di kelas karena sangat bosan. (He fell asleep in class because he was very bored - completed action of falling asleep.)
Both are strongly associated with the sleep state.
'Tidur' is the state or act of sleeping. 'Mimpi' is a dream, which occurs during sleep. You sleep ('tidur') and you might have a dream ('mimpi').
Saya tidur nyenyak semalam dan tidak mimpi apa-apa. (I slept soundly last night and didn't dream anything.)
Both describe a state related to sleepiness.
'Mengantuk' means to be sleepy, the feeling of wanting to sleep. 'Tidur' is the act of sleeping itself. You feel 'mengantuk' *before* you 'tidur'.
Saya mengantuk sekali, saya mau tidur sekarang. (I am very sleepy, I want to sleep now.)
Sentence Patterns
Subject + tidur
Saya tidur.
Subject + mau + tidur
Dia mau tidur.
Subject + sedang + tidur
Mereka sedang tidur.
Subject + tidur + Time Adverb
Saya tidur tadi malam.
Subject + tertidur
Kucing itu tertidur.
Subject + tidur + Manner Adverb
Anak itu tidur nyenyak.
Subject + [verb] + tidur + [reason/condition]
Karena lelah, dia tertidur di sofa.
Complex sentence structure involving sleep.
Perubahan pola tidur dapat memengaruhi kesehatan mental seseorang.
Word Family
Nouns
Verbs
Related
How to Use It
Very High
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Using 'sedang' with past actions or intentions.
→
Saya tidur tadi malam. (I slept last night.) or Saya mau tidur. (I want to sleep.)
The 'sedang' prefix indicates an ongoing action in the present. It's incorrect to use it for past events or future intentions. For past actions, rely on time adverbs. For intentions, use 'mau' or 'ingin'.
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Translating 'fall asleep' directly as 'jatuh tidur'.
→
Dia tertidur di sofa. (He/She fell asleep on the sofa.)
'Jatuh' means 'to fall'. While literal, the correct Indonesian verb for 'to fall asleep' (especially unintentionally) is 'tertidur'.
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Confusing 'tidur' (sleep) with 'istirahat' (rest).
→
Saya lelah, saya perlu istirahat. (I'm tired, I need to rest.) or Saya mengantuk, saya mau tidur. (I'm sleepy, I want to sleep.)
'Istirahat' is a general term for resting, which doesn't necessarily involve sleep. 'Tidur' is specifically the act of sleeping. Use 'istirahat' when you mean to take a break, and 'tidur' when you mean to sleep.
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Adding unnecessary tense markers or conjugations.
→
Dia tidur kemarin. (He slept yesterday.)
Indonesian verbs do not conjugate for tense. The past tense is indicated by time adverbs like 'kemarin' (yesterday) or 'tadi malam' (last night). Avoid trying to add '-ed' or other past tense markers.
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Using 'tidur' when 'bangun' is needed.
→
Saya bangun jam 7 pagi. (I wake up at 7 AM.)
'Tidur' means to sleep, while 'bangun' means to wake up or get up. Ensure you are using the correct verb for the desired action.
Tips
Mastering the 'R' Sound
The 'r' in 'tidur' is often rolled or tapped, similar to Spanish. Practice by saying 'ti-durrr' with a slight roll of your tongue. Don't worry if it's not perfect initially; consistent practice will improve it.
Expand Your Sleep Vocabulary
Learn related terms like 'bangun' (wake up), 'mengantuk' (sleepy), 'mimpi' (dream), and 'istirahat' (rest). This will allow you to express more complex ideas about sleep and rest.
No Verb Conjugation!
Remember that Indonesian verbs like 'tidur' do not change their form for tense or person. Time is indicated by adverbs (e.g., 'tadi malam', 'besok') or context, making sentence construction simpler.
Visual Association
Create a mental image: imagine a giant, fluffy pillow with the word 'TIDUR' embroidered on it. Visualize yourself sinking into it and falling asleep. This strong visual can help recall the word.
Daily Usage
Make it a habit to use 'tidur' in your daily Indonesian practice. Say 'Saya mau tidur' before bed, or ask a friend 'Bagaimana tidurnya?' in the morning. Consistent use solidifies the word in your memory.
Cultural Greetings
Learn and use 'Selamat tidur' (Goodnight). It's a common and polite phrase that shows you understand cultural norms around evening farewells.
Master 'Sudah Waktunya Tidur'
This phrase, meaning 'It's time to sleep', is very common, especially when talking to children. Mastering it helps you sound more natural in family or informal settings.
Know the Opposite: 'Bangun'
Learning the antonym 'bangun' (to wake up) alongside 'tidur' reinforces both words and their meanings, creating a stronger connection in your mind.
Explore Idiomatic Sleep
Familiarize yourself with idioms like 'tidur ayam' (light sleep) or 'tidur seperti beruang' (sleep like a bear). These add color and expressiveness to your language, though use them in appropriate informal contexts.
Memorize It
Mnemonic
Think of 'Tee-door'. Imagine you are so tired that you'd love to have a 'tee' (like a cup of tea) and then just 'door' yourself into bed to sleep. Or, imagine a 'T-Rex' dinosaur who is so big and tired that after a long day, it just wants to 'Tee-DURRR' and fall asleep.
Visual Association
Picture a large, fluffy pillow with the word 'TIDUR' embroidered on it. Imagine yourself sinking into this pillow and falling into a deep sleep.
Word Web
Challenge
Try to use 'tidur' in at least five different sentences today, describing your own sleep, someone else's sleep, or your desire to sleep. For example: 'Saya mau tidur.' 'Dia sedang tidur.' 'Saya tidur nyenyak semalam.'
Word Origin
The word 'tidur' is of Austronesian origin. It is found in various related languages, suggesting an ancient root for the concept of sleep within this language family. Its prevalence across the Malay archipelago points to its fundamental nature in the languages of the region.
Original meaning: The original meaning is directly related to the act of sleeping or resting.
AustronesianCultural Context
The word 'tidur' itself is neutral. However, discussing someone's sleep habits or the quality of their sleep should be done with consideration, just as in any culture. For example, asking 'Bagaimana tidurnya?' (How was your sleep?) is polite, but probing too deeply into personal sleep issues might be considered intrusive without a close relationship.
In English-speaking cultures, while sleep is important, the directness and frequency of using 'tidur' in Indonesian conversation might be more pronounced. The cultural emphasis on rest after labor is a strong parallel.
Practice in Real Life
Real-World Contexts
Discussing daily routines and schedules.
- Saya tidur jam sepuluh.
- Dia tidur siang setiap hari.
- Sudah waktunya tidur.
- Saya mau tidur lebih awal.
Expressing tiredness or need for rest.
- Saya sangat lelah, mau tidur.
- Mata saya sudah berat, perlu tidur.
- Saya tertidur di sofa.
- Saya butuh tidur yang nyenyak.
Talking about children or babies.
- Bayi itu tidur nyenyak.
- Ayo, waktunya tidur, nak.
- Dia tidur seperti malaikat.
- Anak-anak tidur di kamar mereka.
Saying goodnight.
- Selamat tidur!
- Mimpi indah ya.
- Tidur yang nyenyak.
- Sampai jumpa besok pagi.
Describing the quality or manner of sleep.
- Dia tidur pulas.
- Saya tidur ayam semalam.
- Tidur dengan tenang.
- Tidur bergelimpangan karena lelah.
Conversation Starters
"What time did you go to sleep last night?"
"Do you prefer to nap during the day or sleep long at night?"
"What do you do to ensure you have a good night's sleep?"
"Is there anything that makes it hard for you to sleep?"
"Tell me about your ideal sleep environment."
Journal Prompts
Describe your sleep last night. Did you sleep well? What did you dream about?
How does lack of sleep affect your mood and energy levels the next day?
What are your thoughts on the importance of sleep for overall health and well-being?
Write about a time you had a particularly restful or restful sleep. What made it so good?
Imagine you could design your perfect sleep schedule. What would it look like?
Frequently Asked Questions
10 questionsThe most basic and common way is 'Saya mau tidur'. 'Saya' means 'I', 'mau' means 'want', and 'tidur' means 'to sleep'. This is perfect for beginners.
The standard way to say 'Goodnight' is 'Selamat tidur'. 'Selamat' means 'safe' or 'congratulations', and 'tidur' is 'sleep'. It's a polite way to wish someone a good sleep.
'Tidur' specifically means 'to sleep', which is a state of reduced consciousness. 'Istirahat' means 'to rest', which is a broader term. You can 'istirahat' by sitting down, taking a break, or lying down without necessarily sleeping. So, all 'tidur' is 'istirahat', but not all 'istirahat' is 'tidur'.
You can use the word 'sedang' before 'tidur' to indicate an ongoing action. So, 'Dia sedang tidur' means 'He/She is sleeping'. This is very common for present continuous actions.
No, Indonesian verbs like 'tidur' do not change their form for tense. The time of the action (past, present, future) is usually indicated by context or time adverbs like 'tadi malam' (last night), 'sekarang' (now), or 'besok' (tomorrow).
'Tidur siang' specifically means 'to sleep during the day', commonly known as taking a nap. 'Siang' refers to the daytime or afternoon.
'Tertidur' means 'to have fallen asleep'. It often implies that the person fell asleep unintentionally or after some effort to stay awake. For example, 'Dia tertidur saat menonton TV' means 'He fell asleep while watching TV'.
You can use adverbs like 'nyenyak' or 'pulas' after 'tidur'. So, 'tidur nyenyak' or 'tidur pulas' both mean 'to sleep soundly' or 'to sleep deeply'.
Yes, 'tidur' is used for both people and animals. You can say 'Kucing itu tidur' (That cat is sleeping) or 'Anjing itu tidur' (That dog is sleeping).
A common mistake is trying to translate English phrases too directly, like 'fall asleep' as 'jatuh tidur'. The correct Indonesian for 'fell asleep' is 'tertidur'. Also, confusing 'tidur' (sleep) with 'bangun' (wake up) is basic but important to avoid.
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Summary
The Indonesian word 'tidur' is the fundamental verb for 'to sleep'. It's used universally in everyday contexts to describe the act of resting, essential for basic communication and understanding daily life in Indonesia.
- Tidur means to sleep.
- It's a basic verb for rest.
- Used in daily conversations about routines.
- Essential for A1 learners.
Mastering the 'R' Sound
The 'r' in 'tidur' is often rolled or tapped, similar to Spanish. Practice by saying 'ti-durrr' with a slight roll of your tongue. Don't worry if it's not perfect initially; consistent practice will improve it.
Context is Key
While 'tidur' means sleep, the context clarifies the nuance. 'Saya mau tidur' is wanting to sleep, 'Dia sedang tidur' is currently sleeping, and 'Saya tertidur' is having fallen asleep. Pay attention to surrounding words.
Expand Your Sleep Vocabulary
Learn related terms like 'bangun' (wake up), 'mengantuk' (sleepy), 'mimpi' (dream), and 'istirahat' (rest). This will allow you to express more complex ideas about sleep and rest.
No Verb Conjugation!
Remember that Indonesian verbs like 'tidur' do not change their form for tense or person. Time is indicated by adverbs (e.g., 'tadi malam', 'besok') or context, making sentence construction simpler.
