The kidney is a vital organ responsible for filtration and maintaining the body's internal environment.
Word in 30 Seconds
- A bean-shaped organ located in the lower back.
- Filters blood to remove waste and excess water.
- Regulates blood pressure and body fluid balance.
概要
腎臓(じんぞう)は、脊椎動物における主要な排泄器官です。人間の場合、背骨を挟んで左右に一つずつ、合計二つ存在します。主な機能は、血液中の不要な老廃物や余分な水分を濾過し、尿として体外へ排出することです。また、血圧の調整や赤血球の生成を促すホルモンの分泌など、生命維持に不可欠な役割を担っています。2) 使用パターン: 「腎臓が悪い」「腎臓に負担をかける」「腎臓移植」といった表現で頻繁に使われます。医学的な文脈では、「腎機能(じんきのう)」という言葉と組み合わせて使われることが非常に多いです。3) 一般的な文脈: 健康診断の結果、病気の治療、食生活の指導などの場面でよく登場します。特に塩分の摂りすぎは腎臓に負担をかけるとされており、生活習慣病予防の文脈で「腎臓を守る」といった言い回しが一般的です。4) 類語との比較: 似た臓器に「肝臓(かんぞう)」があります。肝臓は「解毒と代謝」を担当し、腎臓は「濾過と排泄」を担当します。日常会話では混同されることがありますが、機能は全く異なります。
Examples
健康診断で腎臓の数値が少し悪いと言われた。
everydayI was told my kidney test results were a bit poor during my checkup.
腎臓移植の手術は非常に高度な技術を要する。
formalKidney transplant surgery requires highly advanced technology.
腎臓を大切にしないと、将来大変なことになるよ。
informalIf you don't take care of your kidneys, you'll be in trouble in the future.
慢性腎臓病の進行を抑制する治療法について研究する。
academicResearching treatments to suppress the progression of chronic kidney disease.
Common Collocations
Common Phrases
腎臓を守る
protect the kidneys
腎臓の働き
function of the kidneys
Often Confused With
The liver (kanzou) is for metabolism and detoxification, while the kidney (jinzou) is for filtration and excretion.
Grammar Patterns
How to Use It
Usage Notes
Used primarily in medical and health-related contexts. It is a neutral, factual term. Often used in compound nouns like '腎機能' (kidney function).
Common Mistakes
Beginners often confuse it with '肝臓' (liver). Also, avoid using it in non-medical contexts as it is strictly an anatomical term.
Tips
Remember by shape and function
Visualize a bean (sora-mame) filtering water. This helps associate the shape with the filtration function.
Don't confuse with liver
People often mix up 'jinzou' (kidney) and 'kanzou' (liver). Remember that 'jin' relates to filtration.
Salt consumption in Japan
Japanese diet is high in salt due to soy sauce and miso. Doctors frequently warn about kidney health.
Word Origin
Derived from the kanji '腎' (kidney) and '臓' (organ). The character '腎' contains the radical for 'body' and a component suggesting 'firmness' or 'core'.
Cultural Context
In Japan, kidney health is a major focus of annual health checks. High salt intake in traditional Japanese cuisine makes kidney awareness common.
Memory Tip
Think of 'Jin' as 'Jin-ja' (shrine) where you purify yourself; the kidney purifies your blood.
Frequently Asked Questions
4 questions初期段階では自覚症状がほとんどありません。進行すると、むくみ、疲れやすさ、尿の異常などが現れることがあります。
塩分を控えめにし、バランスの良い食事を心がけることが大切です。また、定期的な健康診断で腎機能の数値をチェックしましょう。
腎臓は尿を作って老廃物を出す「浄水器」のような役割で、肝臓は栄養を代謝し毒素を分解する「化学工場」のような役割です。
早期発見できれば進行を遅らせることが可能です。しかし、慢性腎臓病が進行すると完治が難しく、透析が必要になる場合もあります。
Test Yourself
塩分の摂りすぎは___に負担をかけます。
文脈的に、塩分過多と直接的に関連の深い臓器として腎臓が適切です。
Score: /1
Summary
The kidney is a vital organ responsible for filtration and maintaining the body's internal environment.
- A bean-shaped organ located in the lower back.
- Filters blood to remove waste and excess water.
- Regulates blood pressure and body fluid balance.
Remember by shape and function
Visualize a bean (sora-mame) filtering water. This helps associate the shape with the filtration function.
Don't confuse with liver
People often mix up 'jinzou' (kidney) and 'kanzou' (liver). Remember that 'jin' relates to filtration.
Salt consumption in Japan
Japanese diet is high in salt due to soy sauce and miso. Doctors frequently warn about kidney health.
Examples
4 of 4健康診断で腎臓の数値が少し悪いと言われた。
I was told my kidney test results were a bit poor during my checkup.
腎臓移植の手術は非常に高度な技術を要する。
Kidney transplant surgery requires highly advanced technology.
腎臓を大切にしないと、将来大変なことになるよ。
If you don't take care of your kidneys, you'll be in trouble in the future.
慢性腎臓病の進行を抑制する治療法について研究する。
Researching treatments to suppress the progression of chronic kidney disease.
Related Content
This Word in Other Languages
More health words
異変がある
B1To have an unusual change or abnormality.
異常な
B1Abnormal; unusual; irregular.
擦り傷
B1Scratch, graze, abrasion.
吸収する
B1To absorb.
禁酒
B1Abstinence from alcohol; the act of refraining from alcohol.
痛む
A2to hurt; to ache
鍼灸
B1Acupuncture and moxibustion; traditional Chinese medicine treatments.
急性的
B1Acute.
急性な
B1Acute
急性の
B1Acute; sudden and severe.