The word 'arai' describes anything that is wild, violent, or lacks smoothness.
Word in 30 Seconds
- Describes rough, wild, or violent states
- Used for weather, temper, or physical actions
- Distinguish from the kanji 粗い
概要
「荒い」は、状態が穏やかでなく、乱れている様子を指します。物理的な質感、自然現象、人の気性、あるいは動作の丁寧さなど、多岐にわたる文脈で用いられます。2) 使用パターン: 主に「名詞+が+荒い」「名詞+を+荒くする」といった形で使われます。また、状態を表す形容詞として名詞を修飾することも一般的です。3) 一般的な文脈: 荒波(海)、荒い息(呼吸)、気性が荒い(性格)、使い方が荒い(物への扱い)など、日常会話から物語の描写まで幅広く登場します。4) 類語比較: 「粗い(あらい)」は「きめが粗い」のように密度や質感が粗雑な場合に使われ、「荒い」は「動きや状態が激しい」というニュアンスが強いです。漢字の使い分けには注意が必要です。
Examples
彼は運転が荒い。
everydayHe drives recklessly.
荒い波が岸に打ち付ける。
formalRough waves crash against the shore.
使い方が荒いと壊れるよ。
informalIf you handle it roughly, it will break.
呼吸が荒くなっている。
academicThe breathing is becoming heavy/labored.
Common Collocations
Common Phrases
息を荒くする
to pant
荒っぽい言葉
rough language
Often Confused With
Used for coarse texture or low density. It focuses on the quality of the surface rather than the intensity of action.
Grammar Patterns
How to Use It
Usage Notes
Use '荒い' for intensity, movement, or temperament. Always verify if the situation involves physical texture, which might require '粗い'. It is a versatile adjective but carries a slightly negative connotation in many contexts.
Common Mistakes
The most frequent error is using '荒い' for physical textures like fabric or skin. Students often fail to distinguish it from '粗い'. Ensure you check the kanji before writing.
Tips
Focus on the kanji context
Remember that '荒' implies wildness like a storm, while '粗' implies coarse texture. Visualizing a rough sea helps you remember the correct kanji.
Avoid confusing with rough texture
If you are describing sandpaper or fabric texture, use '粗い'. Using '荒い' here is a common mistake.
Describing Japanese personality
In Japan, calling someone '気性が荒い' is quite a strong negative assessment of their personality. Use it with caution when describing people.
Word Origin
The kanji 荒 originates from a symbol representing plants growing wild in a desolate field. This evolved to mean wild, uncultivated, or violent states.
Cultural Context
The concept of '荒' is deeply tied to the Japanese respect for nature's power. It expresses the awe and danger associated with uncontrollable natural forces.
Memory Tip
Think of a 'wild' storm (荒) to remember the kanji. If it's about a rough surface, think of 'coarse' (粗) grains of sand.
Frequently Asked Questions
4 questions「荒い」は動きや性格の激しさを指し、「粗い」は密度が低い、または質が雑であることを指します。例えば、網の目が大きい場合は「目が粗い」と書きます。
性格が激しく、怒りっぽい、または攻撃的であることを意味します。あまり良い意味では使われないことが多いです。
海や風などの自然現象が激しい時や、呼吸が乱れている時、あるいは物の扱いが雑な時などに使います。
状態が穏やかなことを指す「穏やか(おだやか)」や、きめが細かいことを指す「細かい(こまかい)」が対照的です。
Test Yourself
台風の影響で、海が___。
海が激しい状態であるため「荒い」が適しています。
Score: /1
Summary
The word 'arai' describes anything that is wild, violent, or lacks smoothness.
- Describes rough, wild, or violent states
- Used for weather, temper, or physical actions
- Distinguish from the kanji 粗い
Focus on the kanji context
Remember that '荒' implies wildness like a storm, while '粗' implies coarse texture. Visualizing a rough sea helps you remember the correct kanji.
Avoid confusing with rough texture
If you are describing sandpaper or fabric texture, use '粗い'. Using '荒い' here is a common mistake.
Describing Japanese personality
In Japan, calling someone '気性が荒い' is quite a strong negative assessment of their personality. Use it with caution when describing people.
Examples
4 of 4彼は運転が荒い。
He drives recklessly.
荒い波が岸に打ち付ける。
Rough waves crash against the shore.
使い方が荒いと壊れるよ。
If you handle it roughly, it will break.
呼吸が荒くなっている。
The breathing is becoming heavy/labored.
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