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A1 noun #3,788 most common 13 min read

係長

Q: Is Kakaricho a high-ranking position?

No, it is generally considered the first level of management. While it is a respected title, it is the lowest tier of the management hierarchy in most Japanese companies. It shows that you are no longer just a regular staff member, but you still report to several layers of bosses above you. It is a 'middle' position that bridges the gap between the workers and the managers. In a large company, there might be hundreds of Kakarichō.

Q: How many years does it take to become a Kakaricho?

On average, it takes about 5 to 10 years of working at the same company. This varies significantly by industry; in traditional industries, it might take longer due to seniority-based systems. In modern tech startups, someone might become a 'Lead' (the equivalent) much faster. Usually, people are in their late 20s or early 30s when they reach this rank. It is the first major milestone in a Japanese salaryman's career.

Q: Can I call my boss 'Kakaricho-san'?

It is better to avoid adding '-san.' The title 'Kakarichō' itself already functions as an honorific. Adding '-san' can make you sound like a child or someone who doesn't understand business etiquette. Simply address them as 'Kakarichō' or '[Family Name]-kakarichō.' If you want to be extremely polite in writing, you can use 'Kakarichō-sama,' but this is only for formal letters or emails, never for speaking.

Q: What is the difference between Kakaricho and Shunin?

A Shunin is a 'Senior Staff' or 'Supervisor' who has expertise but often doesn't manage people. A Kakarichō is a 'Chief' who officially manages a small team (a 'kakari'). Shunin is the rank just below Kakarichō. Think of Shunin as a 'Senior' and Kakarichō as a 'Junior Manager.' If you are a Shunin, you are still a 'player'; if you are a Kakarichō, you are a 'playing manager.'

Q: Do all Japanese companies use the title Kakaricho?

Most traditional Japanese companies (Nikkei) use it. However, many modern international companies or IT startups have switched to Western titles like 'Manager' or 'Team Lead.' Even so, the concept of the first-line manager remains the same. If you work in a traditional environment like a bank or a manufacturing firm, you will definitely use this word every day.

Q: Is Kakaricho used for women too?

Yes, the title is gender-neutral. A female chief is also called 'Kakarichō.' While historically management roles in Japan were dominated by men, more women are reaching these ranks now. You address a female chief exactly the same way: '[Name]-kakarichō.' There is no separate word for a female manager in this context.

Q: Does a Kakaricho get a higher salary?

Yes, usually. Promotion to Kakarichō typically comes with a 'Yakushoku Teate' (position allowance). This is a monthly bonus added to the base salary to compensate for the added responsibility. However, in some companies, once you become a Kakarichō, you might no longer be eligible for overtime pay (zangyō-dai), which can sometimes result in a smaller-than-expected take-home pay increase.

Q: What kind of work does a Kakaricho do?

They do a mix of things. They still perform the same technical tasks as their subordinates, but they also have to check their team's work, give instructions, attend lower-level management meetings, and handle the initial training of new employees. They are often the busiest people in the office because they are 'doing' and 'managing' at the same time.

Q: How do I use Kakaricho in an email?

In an email, you should write the person's name followed by their title. For example: '営業部 係長 佐藤様' (Sales Department Chief Sato-sama). If you are writing to someone inside your own company, you can drop the 'Sama' and just use '佐藤係長' or '係長.' Always ensure the title is correct, as using the wrong rank in a written document is a serious mistake.

Q: Is the role of Kakaricho changing in Japan?

Yes, it is. With the shift toward 'merit-based' pay (seika-shugi) and away from 'seniority-based' pay (nenkō-joretsu), the role is becoming more focused on results. Some companies are also flattening their hierarchies and removing the Kakarichō rank altogether to speed up decision-making. However, in the public sector and traditional industries, it remains a vital and stable part of the organizational structure.

kakarichō Top 3,788

Practice it Examples Notes & Tips 係長 in 30 Seconds

Explanation 係長 in your Level:

At the A1 level, you should learn 'Kakarichō' as a basic vocabulary word for a 'boss' or 'manager' in an office. Think of it as a specific type of job title, like 'teacher' or 'doctor.' You don't need to worry about all the complex hierarchy yet. Just remember that in Japan, people often use titles instead of 'Mr.' or 'Mrs.' So, if you meet a man named Tanaka who is a Kakarichō, you call him 'Tanaka-kakarichō.' This is the polite way to say his name. You might see this word on a character's business card in a manga or hear it in a simple anime about office life. It's a 'noun' that describes a person's position at work. At this stage, focus on the pronunciation: ka-ka-ri-chou. The 'chou' part is long, like 'chooo.' It's a useful word if you ever visit a Japanese company because it helps you identify who is in charge of a small group. Just think of it as 'Small Boss.'

At the A2 level, you begin to understand where 'Kakarichō' fits in the daily life of a Japanese worker. You should know that it is the first management rank. In simple sentences, you can describe someone's job: 'Tanaka-san wa kakarichō desu' (Mr. Tanaka is a Chief). You can also use it to talk about giving or receiving things in an office context, which is common in A2 grammar. For example, 'Kakarichō ni purezento o agemashita' (I gave a present to the Chief). You should also be aware that this title is used for both men and women. At this level, you can start to recognize the kanji: 係 (charge) and 長 (leader). Understanding that 係長 is higher than a regular employee (shain) but lower than a section manager (kachō) will help you follow basic stories or conversations about work. You might use this word when role-playing an office introduction or writing a simple self-introduction about your career goals.

At the B1 level, you should be comfortable using 'Kakarichō' in more complex business scenarios. You will learn about the social expectations of a Kakarichō, such as their role in training subordinates (bukka no ikusei). You should be able to use the word with various particles and grammar structures, like 'Kakarichō ni naru tame ni doryoku shite imasu' (I am working hard to become a Chief). You also need to understand the 'Uchi-Soto' (inside-outside) distinction. When talking to someone from your own company, you use the title. When talking to someone from another company, you drop the title to be humble. This is a key B1 communication skill. You will also encounter this word in news articles about labor or company structures. You should understand that a Kakarichō is a 'playing manager,' meaning they still do technical work while also supervising others. This level requires you to understand the nuance of responsibility that comes with the title.

At the B2 level, 'Kakarichō' is used in discussions about corporate culture, promotion systems, and organizational behavior. You should be able to discuss the pros and cons of the traditional Japanese ranking system. For example, you might debate whether the 'Kakarichō' position is still relevant in the age of flat organizational structures. You will use the word in formal business writing, such as emails or reports, following strict etiquette. You should also be familiar with related terms like 'Kakarichō-shoku' (the position of Chief) or 'Kakarichō-kyū' (Chief-level salary). At this level, you can understand and explain the difference between a Kakarichō in a small firm versus a large corporation. You should also be able to interpret the tone when someone uses the title—is it respectful, formal, or perhaps slightly mocking in an informal setting? Your ability to use 'Kakarichō' appropriately in various registers (formal, humble, honorific) should be well-developed.

At the C1 level, you analyze 'Kakarichō' within the broader context of Japanese sociology and history. You might study how the role evolved during the post-war economic miracle and how it is changing with the 'Work Style Reform' (hatarakikata kaikaku). You should be able to use the word in academic or high-level professional discussions about leadership styles in East Asia. You will understand literary references to the 'struggling kakarichō'—a common archetype in Japanese literature representing the pressures of middle management. You should be able to use the word in complex hypothetical sentences, such as 'Moshi kakarichō ga inakattara, kono purojekuto wa shippai shite ita darō' (If the Chief hadn't been there, this project would likely have failed). Your mastery of the word includes knowing its legal and administrative implications in government service versus private enterprise, and you can navigate the most formal 'Keigo' (honorific language) when interacting with individuals of this rank.

At the C2 level, 'Kakarichō' is a term you use with complete native-like fluency, including all its cultural baggage. You can engage in deep philosophical or economic critiques of the Japanese hierarchical system. You might compare the 'Kakarichō' role to similar first-line management roles in Germany, the US, or China, using precise terminology. You are aware of the rarest uses of the word, including its appearance in historical documents or specific legal codes. You can use the word with subtle irony or in highly specialized contexts like union negotiations or corporate restructuring plans. Your understanding of the word is not just linguistic but deeply cultural; you understand the 'unspoken' rules of how a Kakarichō should behave in a crisis, how they should interact with the board of directors, and how their role impacts the overall harmony (wa) of the company. You can read between the lines in corporate communications where the mention or omission of a title like Kakarichō carries significant meaning.

Practice it Examples Notes & Tips

係長 in 30 Seconds

Kakarichō is the first-level management title in Japanese companies, often translated as 'Chief' or 'Sub-section Head,' overseeing a small team of workers.
It sits between the 'Shunin' (Senior Staff) and 'Kachō' (Section Manager) in the traditional corporate hierarchy, acting as a crucial operational link.
The title is used as a respectful suffix (e.g., Tanaka-kakarichō) and implies roughly 5 to 10 years of professional experience in the field.
In modern business, a kakarichō is frequently a 'playing manager,' balancing hands-on technical tasks with the supervision and training of junior employees.

The Japanese word 係長 (kakarichō) is a fundamental title within the Japanese corporate hierarchy, serving as the very first step into the world of management. In English, it is most commonly translated as 'Chief,' 'Sub-section Head,' or sometimes 'Unit Supervisor.' While the translation 'Chief' might sound high-ranking in some Western contexts, in a Japanese company, the kakarichō is typically the lowest management tier. They are the bridge between the general staff (hira-shain) and the section manager (kachō). This position is crucial because it is the first time an employee is given formal responsibility over a small team of subordinates, usually consisting of two to five people. The role is a mix of being a 'player' (doing the actual work) and a 'manager' (overseeing others), often referred to as a 'playing manager' in modern Japanese business discourse.

Hierarchical Position: In the standard Japanese ladder, the order goes: Shain (Staff) → Shunin (Senior Staff) → Kakarichō (Chief) → Kachō (Section Manager) → Buchō (Department Manager). The kakarichō is the operational lead on the ground.

佐藤さんは、先月係長に昇進しました。 (Mr. Sato was promoted to Chief last month.)

Understanding when to use this word requires a grasp of Japanese business etiquette. You rarely call someone by just their name in a professional setting if they have a title. Instead of 'Sato-san,' colleagues and subordinates will call him 'Sato-kakarichō' or simply 'Kakarichō' when addressing him directly. This reinforces the social structure of the office. The title implies a level of experience, usually attained after 5 to 10 years of service in a company, depending on the industry and the specific firm's size. In smaller companies, a kakarichō might have significant power, whereas in a massive conglomerate (keiretsu), they are just one of many small unit leaders. The word conveys a sense of reliability and 'front-line' expertise. When a client asks to speak to someone with a bit more authority than a junior clerk but doesn't want to bother the big boss, the kakarichō is the perfect point of contact.

Social Context: Outside the office, being a kakarichō is a mark of adulthood and career stability. In social settings or when meeting a partner's parents, mentioning this rank suggests that one has successfully navigated the initial hurdles of corporate life and is on a promising career track.

The kanji themselves tell a story: 係 (kakari) means 'charge,' 'connection,' or 'duty,' and 長 (chō) means 'head' or 'leader.' Thus, the kakarichō is the 'head of a specific duty.' Historically, this role was the backbone of the Japanese 'lifetime employment' system, where steady promotion was guaranteed. Today, while the system is more merit-based, the title remains a symbol of the first major milestone in a white-collar career. It is often a stressful position because the kakarichō must satisfy the demands of the kachō above them while managing the daily frustrations and training of the junior staff below them. They are the 'middlemen' of the middle management, often working the longest hours to ensure all tasks are completed to the company's high standards.

Modern Usage: While some modern startups are moving away from rigid titles, traditional Japanese firms (Nikkei) still adhere strictly to these ranks. Knowing the difference between a kakarichō and a shunin can save you from a social faux pas during introductions.

新しい係長はとても厳しい人だそうです。 (I heard the new Chief is a very strict person.)

Using 係長 (kakarichō) in a sentence requires an understanding of both grammar and social hierarchy. In Japanese, titles often function as suffixes to a person's last name. For example, if you are talking about Mr. Tanaka who holds this rank, you would say 'Tanaka-kakarichō.' Unlike English, where we might say 'Chief Tanaka,' in Japanese, the title always follows the name. Furthermore, when you are speaking directly to your own chief, you can simply address them as 'Kakarichō' without their name, which is a sign of respect and recognition of their role. This is similar to how a soldier might address a 'Captain' or a student might address a 'Professor.'

Direct Address: When calling out to your supervisor: 'Kakarichō, chotto yoroshii desu ka?' (Chief, do you have a moment?). Note that you do not add '-san' to the title itself.

山田係長に報告書を提出しました。 (I submitted the report to Chief Yamada.)

When referring to your own title to someone outside your company (soto), the rules of humble Japanese (kenjougo) apply. You would not use the title as a suffix for yourself. Instead, you might say, 'Uchi no kakari no mono' (The person in charge of our unit) or simply state your rank without honorifics if necessary. However, within the company (uchi), everyone uses the title. Another important grammatical point is the use of the particle 'の' (no) when describing the position. For instance, 'Eigyo-bu no kakarichō' (The chief of the sales department). This shows the relationship between the department and the rank. It is also common to see the word used in the context of promotion verbs like '昇進する' (shoushin suru - to be promoted) or '任命される' (ninmei sareru - to be appointed).

Describing Roles: To describe someone's role: 'Kanojo wa kakarichō to shite hataraite imasu' (She is working as a Chief). Here, 'to shite' means 'in the capacity of.'

In complex sentences, kakarichō can be the subject or the object. For example, 'Kakarichō ga kessan o shounin shimashita' (The Chief approved the final accounts). In this case, 'ga' marks the Chief as the actor. If you are asking for their opinion, you might say 'Kakarichō wa dō omoimasu ka?' (What do you think, Chief?). It is important to remember that because this is a management role, sentences involving kakarichō often revolve around responsibility, permission, and guidance. You will often hear it paired with 'shiji' (instructions) or 'handan' (judgment). For instance, 'Kakarichō no shiji o machimasu' (I will wait for the Chief's instructions). This reflects the top-down communication style typical of Japanese offices where the kakarichō is the first point of approval.

Comparison with other ranks: When comparing: 'Kakarichō wa kachō yori mo genba ni chikai desu' (The Chief is closer to the actual work site than the Section Manager).

うちの係長は、部下の面倒見が良いです。 (Our Chief takes good care of his subordinates.)

You will encounter the word 係長 (kakarichō) most frequently in the context of Japanese 'Salaryman' culture. If you walk into a traditional office in Tokyo or Osaka, you will hear it dozens of times a day. It is the language of the 'Genba' (the actual place of work). In meetings, the kakarichō is usually the one presenting the detailed data while the kachō (Section Manager) makes the broader strategic comments. Beyond the physical office, this word is a staple of Japanese media. 'Business dramas' (o-shigoto dorama) like the famous Hanzawa Naoki or anime that depict office life often use these titles to quickly establish the power dynamics between characters. A character being promoted to kakarichō is a common trope for a small but significant victory in a protagonist's life.

In Popular Culture: The manga and anime 'Kakarichō Shima Kōsaku' (though he eventually becomes President) famously tracks the career of a businessman through every rank, starting from the lower levels like Chief.

ドラマの中で、主人公はついに係長になりました。 (In the drama, the protagonist finally became a Chief.)

Another place you will hear this word is during 'Nomikai' (drinking parties). Even in a relaxed setting, subordinates will often continue to call their boss 'Kakarichō' as a sign of respect, though the tone might become more friendly or informal. If you are watching Japanese news, you might hear it in reports about government bureaucracy. Public offices (yakusho) use the exact same title system as private companies. In a city hall, the kakarichō is the person in charge of a specific window or service, such as the 'Resident Tax Chief.' This makes the word universal across both the private and public sectors in Japan. If you are reading a Japanese novel set in a city, the occupation of a character might simply be described as 'a kakarichō at a trading firm,' which immediately paints a picture of a middle-class, hard-working individual.

In Government: Public servants (koumuin) also follow this rank. A 'kakarichō' in a government office holds a stable and respected position in society.

In recruitment and job hunting (shukatsu), the word appears in career path descriptions. Companies will say, 'Average age for promotion to kakarichō is 32.' This is a vital piece of information for young graduates looking at their long-term prospects. You'll also see it on official documents, seals (hanko), and nameplates on desks. In older office layouts, the kakarichō often sits at the end of a row of desks, physically positioned to look over their subordinates' shoulders. This spatial arrangement is a literal manifestation of the word. Finally, in retail or service industries, while 'manager' (tenchō) is more common, the head office staff who manage those stores will still use the kakarichō title. It is a word that permeates almost every facet of organized labor in Japan.

Business Cards: Meishi (business cards) almost always list the title. Seeing 係長 means you are talking to the person who handles the day-to-day operations.

名刺には「営業部係長」と書いてあります。 (The business card says 'Sales Department Chief'.)

One of the most common mistakes English speakers make when using 係長 (kakarichō) is confusing it with higher or lower ranks. Because 'Chief' can sound very senior in English (like a 'Chief Executive Officer' or 'Chief of Police'), learners often assume it is a top-level position. However, calling a Buchō (Department Head) a kakarichō would be a significant insult, as it effectively demotes them by several levels. Conversely, calling a regular staff member kakarichō might be seen as sarcastic or confusing. It is vital to learn the sequence: Shunin < Kakarichō < Kachō < Buchō. Another frequent error is adding '-san' to the title when addressing someone. While 'Tanaka-san' is correct, and 'Tanaka-kakarichō' is correct, 'Kakarichō-san' is generally redundant and sounds slightly childish or overly polite in a way that feels unnatural in a standard office.

Mistake: Rank Confusion: Assuming kakarichō is the 'Big Boss.' In reality, they are the first level of management. Don't use it for the owner of the company!

❌ 課長を係長と呼ぶのは失礼です。 (It is rude to call a Section Manager a Chief.)

Another mistake involves 'Uchi-Soto' (In-group/Out-group) dynamics. When you are talking to a client from another company about your own boss, you should not use the title as an honorific. For example, if you are telling a client that your chief, Mr. Suzuki, is out of the office, you should say 'Suzuki wa gaishutsu chuu desu' (Suzuki is out) rather than 'Suzuki-kakarichō wa...' Using the title for your own boss when speaking to an outsider makes it seem like you are elevating your own group above the client, which is a major breach of Japanese business etiquette. This is a subtle point that many learners struggle with because they are taught to always be polite to their superiors, but in Japanese, politeness is relative to who you are speaking to.

Mistake: Honorific Overuse: Using 'Kakarichō-sama' in person. 'Sama' is for written formal correspondence or for customers; using it verbally to your boss sounds very strange.

A linguistic mistake is mispronouncing the long 'o' at the end. It is kakarichō (long o), not kakaricho (short o). In Japanese, the long vowel can change the meaning or at least make the word sound 'clipped' and incorrect. Also, be careful with the kanji. The first kanji 係 is often confused with 系 (system/lineage), which looks similar but lacks the person radical (亻) on the left. Writing it as 系長 would be a spelling error. Finally, don't assume every company uses this exact title. Some modern tech firms use 'Lead' or 'Manager' in Katakana (マネージャー). Always check the person's business card to see how they officially designate their role before addressing them, as using the wrong title can lead to awkward moments during meetings.

Mistake: Pronunciation: Dropping the 'u' sound at the end. It should be 'chou' (ちょう), not just 'cho'.

❌ 漢字を間違えて「系長」と書かないでください。 (Don't make a mistake and write the kanji as '系長'.)

To truly master the use of 係長 (kakarichō), it is helpful to compare it with other business titles that occupy similar or adjacent spaces in the hierarchy. The most common point of confusion is with 主任 (shunin). While both are lower-level management or senior roles, shunin is usually a 'Senior Staff' or 'Supervisor' who has no formal subordinates but is recognized for their expertise. A kakarichō, by contrast, always has a 'kakari' (a small unit or team) that they are responsible for. Another similar term is リーダー (rīdā - Leader). This is a more modern, less formal term often used in project-based environments or startups. While a kakarichō is a permanent rank in the company hierarchy, a 'Leader' might only be in charge for the duration of a specific project.

Comparison: Kakarichō vs. Kachō: Kakarichō: Chief of a small unit. Kachō: Manager of a whole section. The Kachō is the Kakarichō's direct boss.

主任と係長の違いを理解することは重要です。 (It is important to understand the difference between a Senior Staff and a Chief.)

In some industries, you might hear the term 班長 (hanchō). This is more common in manufacturing or construction and refers to a 'Group Leader' or 'Foreman' on the factory floor. While kakarichō is a white-collar office term, hanchō is the blue-collar equivalent. Then there is 代理 (dairi), such as 'Kakarichō-dairi' (Acting Chief). This title is given to someone who is performing the duties of a chief but hasn't been officially promoted to the full rank yet, or is filling in for someone. It is a common 'stepping stone' title. In English, we might use 'Assistant Manager' or 'Supervisor' as alternatives, but these don't perfectly capture the specific cultural weight of the Japanese system.

Comparison: Kakarichō vs. Shunin: Shunin: Expert individual contributor. Kakarichō: First-line people manager. Shunin is the rank just below Kakarichō.

For those working in international companies in Japan, you might see マネージャー (manējā). In many Gaishikei (foreign-capitalized) companies, they skip the traditional Japanese titles entirely and use Western ones. However, even in these companies, Japanese staff might still refer to a 'Level 1 Manager' as a kakarichō-equivalent when explaining the structure to others. Lastly, consider the word 担当 (tantō). While tantō means 'person in charge,' it is not a rank. A kakarichō is a rank, while a tantō is a role. You can be a 'Kakarichō in charge of Sales' (Eigyo-tantō no kakarichō). Understanding these nuances helps you navigate the complex social fabric of Japanese professional life.

Comparison: Kakarichō vs. Tantō: Kakarichō: A formal title/rank. Tantō: A functional role. Everyone has a 'tantō' (responsibility), but not everyone is a 'kakarichō'.

彼は次の係長候補として期待されています。 (He is expected to be the next candidate for Chief.)

How Formal Is It?

Fun Fact

In the Edo period, similar titles existed in the samurai bureaucracy, but the modern 'Kakarichō' title was standardized during the Meiji Restoration as Japan modernized its corporate and civil service structures.

Pronunciation Guide

UK /kakaɾitɕoː/

US /kɑːkɑːriːtʃoʊ/

Japanese is a pitch-accent language. In 'kakarichō,' the pitch typically starts low, rises on 'ka', and remains high until the end of the word.

Rhymes With

市長 (Shichō - Mayor) 校長 (Kōchō - Principal) 社長 (Shachō - President) 部長 (Buchō - Manager) 課長 (Kachō - Section Manager) 船長 (Senchō - Captain) 院長 (Inchō - Director of a hospital) 署長 (Shochō - Police Chief)

Common Errors

Pronouncing 'chō' as a short 'cho' (like 'choc' in chocolate).
Using a hard English 'r' instead of the Japanese tap.
Putting stress on the wrong syllable (Japanese should have even flow).
Confusing 'ka-ka-ri' with 'ka-ka-re'.
Muffling the 'i' sound in 'ri'.

Difficulty Rating

Reading 3/5

The kanji are common but require N3 level knowledge for full recognition.

Writing 4/5

The kanji 係 can be tricky to write correctly without practice.

Speaking 2/5

Pronunciation is straightforward as long as the long vowel is maintained.

Listening 2/5

Very easy to hear in an office environment; high frequency.

What to Learn Next

Prerequisites

会社 (Kaisha) 仕事 (Shigoto) 上司 (Joushi) 社員 (Shain) 課 (Ka)

Learn Next

課長 (Kachō) 部長 (Buchō) 取締役 (Torishimariyaku) 社長 (Shachō) 名刺 (Meishi)

Advanced

年功序列 (Nenkō joretsu) 成果主義 (Seika shugi) 役職定年 (Yakushoku teinen) 稟議 (Ringi) 根回し (Nemawashi)

Grammar to Know

Honorific Titles as Suffixes

Always place titles like 'Kakarichō' after the family name: 'Tanaka-kakarichō'.

Humble Language (Kenjougo)

When speaking to outsiders, do not use the title for your own boss: 'Kakarichō no Tanaka' becomes 'Tanaka'.

The Particle 'No' for Titles

Use 'no' to link department and rank: 'Eigyo-bu no Kakarichō'.

Verb 'Naru' (To Become)

Use the particle 'ni' with 'naru': 'Kakarichō ni naru'.

Polite Requests

Use '-te kudasai' when asking a Chief to do something: 'Check-shite kudasai'.

Examples by Level

田中さんは係長です。

Mr. Tanaka is a Chief.

Simple A is B structure using the copula 'desu'.

係長、おはようございます。

Good morning, Chief.

Using the title as a respectful form of address.

これは係長の本です。

This is the Chief's book.

Using the particle 'no' to show possession.

あそこに係長がいます。

The Chief is over there.

Using 'ga imasu' to indicate the existence/presence of a person.

係長は優しいです。

The Chief is kind.

Adjective 'yasashii' describing the noun.

係長とコーヒーを飲みます。

I will drink coffee with the Chief.

Particle 'to' meaning 'with'.

係長はどこですか？

Where is the Chief?

Question word 'doko' (where).

あの人は新しい係長です。

That person is the new Chief.

Demonstrative 'ano hito' (that person).

昨日、係長に電話しました。

I called the Chief yesterday.

Past tense verb 'shimashita' with the target particle 'ni'.

係長は今、会議室にいます。

The Chief is in the meeting room now.

Location particle 'ni' used with 'imasu'.

係長からメールが来ました。

An email came from the Chief.

Particle 'kara' meaning 'from'.

田中係長はテニスが好きです。

Chief Tanaka likes tennis.

Using the title as a suffix to the surname.

係長に資料を渡してください。

Please hand the documents to the Chief.

Polite request form '-te kudasai'.

私は来年、係長になりたいです。

I want to become a Chief next year.

Desire form '-tai' with the verb 'naru' (to become).

係長は車で会社に来ます。

The Chief comes to the company by car.

Instrumental particle 'de' meaning 'by means of'.

このレポートは係長が書きました。

The Chief wrote this report.

Subject marker 'ga' emphasizing who did the action.

係長に相談してから、決めます。

I will decide after consulting with the Chief.

'-te kara' construction meaning 'after doing'.

係長はいつも部下の話を聞いてくれます。

The Chief always listens to his subordinates.

'-te kureru' showing a favor done for the speaker/group.

係長が休みのときは、私が代わりにやります。

When the Chief is absent, I will do it instead.

'toki' (when) used with a noun + 'no'.

新しい係長は、仕事がとても速いです。

The new Chief is very fast at his work.

Topic-comment structure 'A wa B ga [adjective]'.

係長に昇進して、給料が上がりました。

I was promoted to Chief, and my salary went up.

Te-form connecting two related events (cause and effect).

係長、このスケジュールでよろしいでしょうか。

Chief, would this schedule be acceptable?

Formal humble/polite question 'yoroshii deshou ka'.

係長は、厳しいけれど公平な人です。

The Chief is strict but a fair person.

Conjunction 'keredo' (but/although).

係長に言われた通りに、準備しました。

I prepared it exactly as the Chief told me.

'-ta toori ni' meaning 'just as [someone] did/said'.

係長としての責任を果たさなければなりません。

I must fulfill my responsibilities as a Chief.

'to shite' meaning 'in the capacity of'.

係長の判断を仰ぐ必要があります。

It is necessary to seek the Chief's judgment.

'aogu' (to look up to/seek) is a formal business verb.

彼は係長に抜擢されるほどの実力がある。

He has enough ability to be specially selected as Chief.

'hodo' indicating the degree of ability.

係長クラスの社員を対象にした研修が行われる。

Training aimed at Chief-level employees will be held.

'kurasu' (class/level) and 'taishou' (target).

係長に相談せずに進めるのはリスクが高い。

Proceeding without consulting the Chief is high risk.

'-zu ni' meaning 'without doing'.

係長は、チームの和を大切にしています。

The Chief values the harmony of the team.

'wa' (harmony) is a key cultural concept.

係長が不在の間、私が責任を負います。

While the Chief is away, I will take responsibility.

'aida' meaning 'during/while'.

係長への昇進試験は、かなり難しいそうです。

I heard the promotion exam for Chief is quite difficult.

'-e no' shows the direction/target of the promotion.

係長という役職は、現場と管理職の接点である。

The position of Chief is the interface between the front line and management.

'to iu' used to define or categorize the noun.

係長に求められる資質は、単なる技術力だけではない。

The qualities required of a Chief are not just technical skills alone.

Passive form 'motomerareru' (is required).

係長は、上司の意向を部下に適切に伝える役割を担う。

The Chief bears the role of appropriately conveying the superior's intentions to subordinates.

'yakuwari o ninau' (to play/bear a role).

係長時代の経験が、後のキャリアに大きく影響した。

Experience during one's time as Chief greatly influenced their later career.

'jidai' meaning 'era' or 'time period'.

日本企業における係長の権限は、近年変化しつつある。

The authority of Chiefs in Japanese companies has been changing in recent years.

'-tsutsu aru' indicating an ongoing process of change.

係長は、プレイングマネージャーとしての苦悩を抱えがちだ。

Chiefs tend to deal with the struggles of being a playing manager.

'-gachi' indicating a tendency toward something negative.

係長のポストが削減される組織再編案が浮上した。

An organizational restructuring plan that reduces Chief positions has surfaced.

Relative clause modifying 'sosshiki saien an'.

係長として、いかに部下のモチベーションを高めるかが課題だ。

As a Chief, the challenge is how to increase the motivation of subordinates.

'ikani ... ka' meaning 'how ...'.

係長という呼称に固執するあまり、組織の柔軟性が失われている。

By clinging too much to the title of Chief, organizational flexibility is being lost.

'-ni koshitsu suru amari' (to do something so much that... negative result).

係長職の形骸化が、日本型経営の弊害として指摘されている。

The hollowing out of the Chief position is pointed out as a harmful effect of Japanese-style management.

'keigaika' (becoming a mere shell/hollowing out).

係長は、組織内の暗黙知を形式知へと変換する触媒となり得る。

A Chief can serve as a catalyst that converts tacit knowledge within an organization into explicit knowledge.

'... to nari uru' (can become / has the potential to be).

係長の昇進基準を年功序列から成果主義へと移行させるべきだ。

The promotion criteria for Chief should be shifted from seniority to meritocracy.

'... kara ... e to ikou saseru' (to shift from A to B).

係長が直面するジレンマは、日本社会の縮図とも言えるだろう。

The dilemmas faced by a Chief could be called a microcosm of Japanese society.

'... to mo ieru darou' (it could even be said that...).

係長への過度な業務集中が、メンタルヘルスの悪化を招いている。

The excessive concentration of work on Chiefs is leading to a deterioration in mental health.

'... o manaku' (to bring about/lead to something negative).

係長は、伝統的な企業文化と革新的な経営手法の板挟みになっている。

Chiefs are caught between traditional corporate culture and innovative management methods.

'itabasami' (being caught in the middle/dilemma).

係長という存在が、日本企業の現場力の源泉であったことは疑いようがない。

There is no doubt that the existence of the Chief was the source of the 'genba' strength of Japanese companies.

'... koto wa utagai you ga nai' (there is no room for doubt that...).

Synonyms

主任リーダーチームリーダー責任者役職者

Antonyms

部下平社員

Common Collocations

係長に昇進する

係長の指示

係長クラス

係長代理

係長心得

係長職

係長を命じる

係長に相談する

係長の判断

係長としての自覚

Common Phrases

係長、お疲れ様です。

— A standard greeting to the Chief after work or during the day. It acknowledges their hard work.

退社する前に、「係長、お疲れ様です」と言いました。

係長の承認を得る

— To get the Chief's approval. This is a vital step before moving a project forward.

企画書について係長の承認を得ました。

係長に報告する

— To report to the Chief. Regular updates (Horenso) are expected in Japanese offices.

トラブルが発生したので、すぐに係長に報告した。

係長が席を外している

— The Chief is away from their desk. Common phrase when answering a phone for them.

申し訳ありません、係長は今、席を外しております。

係長に同行する

— To accompany the Chief, usually to a client meeting. This is a learning opportunity for juniors.

明日は係長に同行して、取引先へ行きます。

係長の顔を立てる

— To save the Chief's face or make them look good. Important for office politics.

会議では、係長の顔を立てるような発言をした。

係長に叱られる

— To be scolded by the Chief. Usually implies a mistake was made.

遅刻して、係長にひどく叱られた。

係長に推薦される

— To be recommended by the Chief. Often for a promotion or a special project.

係長に推薦されて、リーダーになった。

係長のやり方

— The Chief's way of doing things. Refers to their specific management style.

係長のやり方には、まだ慣れません。

係長との面談

— An interview or meeting with the Chief. Often for performance reviews.

午後から係長との定期面談があります。

Often Confused With

係長 vs 課長 (Kachō)

Kachō is a higher rank (Section Manager). Confusing them can be seen as a demotion.

係長 vs 係 (Kakari)

Kakari is the unit or the task itself, while Kakarichō is the person leading it.

係長 vs 主任 (Shunin)

Shunin is a senior staff role, usually without management responsibility, ranking below Kakarichō.

Idioms & Expressions

"係長どまり"

— Ending one's career at the Chief level without further promotion. It can sound slightly negative.

彼は結局、係長どまりで定年を迎えた。

Casual/Critical

"係長の椅子"

— Literally 'the Chief's chair,' but figuratively refers to the position itself.

誰もがその係長の椅子を狙っている。

Metaphorical

"万年係長"

— A person who has been a Chief for many years without ever being promoted to Manager.

あの人は万年係長だが、仕事は完璧だ。

Informal

"係長風を吹かせる"

— To act pompously or show off one's authority as a Chief.

昇進した途端に係長風を吹かせ始めた。

Critical

"係長の懐刀"

— The Chief's 'dagger in the pocket,' meaning their most trusted and capable right-hand person.

彼女は係長の懐刀として知られている。

Formal/Literary

"係長の一声"

— The Chief's 'single word,' meaning their final decision that settles a matter.

係長の一声で、プロジェクトの中止が決まった。

Common

"係長に泥を塗る"

— To 'smear mud' on the Chief, meaning to disgrace or embarrass them through one's own failure.

部下の不祥事で、係長の顔に泥を塗ってしまった。

Idiomatic

"係長の背中を見て育つ"

— To learn and grow by watching the Chief's example (their 'back').

私たちは係長の背中を見て育ってきた。

Respectful

"係長のお墨付き"

— The Chief's 'guarantee' or 'seal of approval.'

この企画は、係長のお墨付きをもらっている。

Business

"係長に弓を引く"

— To 'draw a bow' against the Chief, meaning to rebel or oppose them openly.

係長に弓を引くような真似はやめなさい。

Dramatic

Easily Confused

係長 vs 系長 (Keichō)

The kanji for 'system' (系) looks very similar to 'charge' (係).

系長 is not a standard business title; it's a spelling error for 係長.

❌ 彼の名刺には系長と書いてある (Spelling error).

係長 vs 校長 (Kōchō)

Both end in 'chō' (head/leader).

Kōchō is a school principal, while Kakarichō is a business chief.

校長先生に挨拶する (Greet the principal).

係長 vs 市長 (Shichō)

Both end in 'chō'.

Shichō is a city mayor.

市長が演説を行う (The mayor gives a speech).

係長 vs 船長 (Senchō)

Both end in 'chō'.

Senchō is a ship's captain.

船長が舵を取る (The captain takes the helm).

係長 vs 店長 (Tenchō)

Both end in 'chō'.

Tenchō is a store manager, used in retail and restaurants.

店長におすすめを聞く (Ask the store manager for a recommendation).

Sentence Patterns

[Name]さんは[Title]です。

佐藤さんは係長です。

[Title]に[Noun]を[Verb]。

係長に報告書を渡しました。

[Title]から[Noun]をもらいました。

係長からアドバイスをもらいました。

[Title]として[Verb]。

係長としてチームをまとめます。

[Title]の役割は[Verb-Clause]ことです。

係長の役割は部下を育てることです。

[Title]という立場上、[Clause]。

係長という立場上、反対せざるを得ません。

Business

[Title]、少々お時間よろしいでしょうか。

係長、少々お時間よろしいでしょうか。

Formal

[Title]のご判断を仰ぎたく存じます。

係長のご判断を仰ぎたく存じます。

Word Family

Nouns

係 (Kakari - Person in charge/Unit)

関係 (Kankei - Relationship/Connection)

長官 (Chōkan - Director/Secretary)

延長 (Enchō - Extension)

係員 (Kakariin - Clerk/Staff member)

Verbs

係わる (Kakawaru - To be involved with)

長引く (Nagabiku - To be prolonged)

Adjectives

長い (Nagai - Long)

係争中の (Keisō-chū no - In dispute)

会社 (Kaisha - Company)

役職 (Yakushoku - Official position)

昇進 (Shoushin - Promotion)

部下 (Buka - Subordinate)

上司 (Joushi - Superior)

How to Use It

frequency

Extremely high in Japanese corporate and bureaucratic environments.

Common Mistakes

Calling a Buchō 'Kakarichō' → Calling them 'Buchō'
This is a major demotion! It's like calling a CEO a 'Supervisor.' Always double-check the person's business card or ask a colleague if you are unsure of their rank.
Using 'Kakarichō-san' → Using 'Kakarichō' alone
Adding '-san' is redundant. The title itself is an honorific. It sounds like you are talking to a character in a children's book rather than a professional colleague.
Using 'Kakarichō' for your own boss when talking to a client → Using just their name (e.g., 'Tanaka')
This violates the 'Uchi-Soto' rule. You must be humble about your own company members when talking to outsiders. Using a title for your boss in this context is considered rude to the client.
Misspelling the kanji as '系長' → '係長'
The kanji 系 means 'system' and lacks the person radical. 係 means 'in charge' and is the correct one. This is a common mistake for students who rely on autocorrect or don't look closely at the characters.
Pronouncing it as 'Kakaricho' (short o) → 'Kakarichō' (long o)
The long 'o' is essential in Japanese. Shortening it can lead to confusion or just make your Japanese sound very unnatural. It's 'chou' in hiragana (ちょう).

Tips

Addressing your boss

Always use the title when speaking to your superior. It shows that you respect the hierarchy of the company. Even if you are outside of work, it is common to keep using the title unless they specifically ask you to stop. This maintains a professional distance and respect.

Horenso is key

As a subordinate, you must constantly 'Horenso' (Report, Contact, Consult) with your Kakarichō. They are your first point of contact for any issues. Don't wait until a problem is big; tell your Kakarichō early. They are responsible for your mistakes, so they want to know everything.

The Nomikai

If your Kakarichō invites you for drinks, it's usually a good idea to go, especially if you are new. This is where real relationships are built in Japanese companies. You can speak a bit more freely, but remember they are still your boss. Don't get too drunk and say something you'll regret!

Meishi Exchange

When you receive a business card that says '係長,' take a moment to acknowledge it. You might say 'Kakarichō de irasshaimasu ne' (Oh, you are the Chief). This shows you've read their card and respect their position. Always keep the card out on the table during the meeting.

Uchi-Soto Rule

Never use '-kakarichō' for your own boss when talking to a customer. Just use their name. To the customer, your whole company is one 'Uchi' (inside) group. Using a title for your boss makes your group look arrogant. This is one of the hardest rules for learners to master.

Promotion Path

If you want to be promoted to Kakarichō, focus on helping your juniors. The company looks for people who can lead others, not just those who are good at their own work. Show that you can manage a small group effectively, and the promotion will come much faster.

Related Titles

Learn the full ladder: Shain, Shunin, Kakarichō, Kachō, Buchō. Knowing the whole sequence helps you understand where everyone stands in a meeting. If you know the person next to the Kakarichō is a Kachō, you know they are the one with more decision-making power.

Kanji Practice

The kanji 係 is used in many words like 'Kankei' (relationship). Learning it well will help you with many other N3/N2 vocabulary words. Practice writing it with the correct stroke order to make it look professional in handwritten notes or forms.

Tone of Voice

When someone says 'Kakarichō' in a high, polite pitch, they are being respectful. If they say it in a low, flat tone to a friend, they might be complaining. Listening to the pitch can tell you a lot about the office atmosphere and relationships.

Public vs Private

Remember that Kakarichō is used in city halls and government offices too. If you need to get a permit or pay a tax, the person you might need to speak with for an exception or a detailed explanation is the Kakarichō. They have the authority to make small administrative decisions.

Memorize It

Mnemonic

Think of 'Kakarichō' as the 'Carry-Chief'. He is the one who 'carries' (kakari) the weight of the team on his back as the first 'Chief' (chō).

Visual Association

Imagine a man sitting at the end of a long row of desks (the typical position for a Kakarichō), holding a megaphone to guide a small group of workers.

Word Web

Work Office Boss Promotion Team Responsibility Salaryman Hierarchy

Challenge

Try to find three Japanese business cards online or in a textbook. Can you find the word 係長 on any of them? If you find it, write down the department name that comes before it.

Word Origin

The term is composed of two Kanji characters of Chinese origin (Sino-Japanese). The first, 係, dates back to ancient administrative systems, and the second, 長, has been used for millennia to denote a leader.

Original meaning: Originally, 'kakari' referred to a specific task or duty one was 'tied' to, and 'chō' meant the elder or head of a group.

Sino-Japanese (Kango).

Cultural Context

Be careful not to use this title for someone who has been promoted higher; it's like calling a General a Sergeant.

In English, we often use 'Supervisor' or 'Team Lead.' However, these don't carry the same 'official rank' feeling that Kakarichō does in Japan.

Kakarichō Shima Kōsaku (Manga/Anime series) Hanzawa Naoki (TV Drama featuring banking ranks) Crayon Shin-chan (Hiroshi, the father, is a Kakarichō)

Practice in Real Life

Real-World Contexts

Office Introduction

こちらが係長の田中です。
初めまして、係長の佐藤です。
新しい係長を紹介します。
係長に着任いたしました。

Daily Work

係長に確認しましたか？
係長のハンコが必要です。
係長から指示がありました。
係長に報告書を出します。

Performance Review

係長としての評価はどうですか？
係長への昇進を目指します。
係長に推薦されました。
係長試験の準備をします。

Business Email

営業部係長山田様
係長のご指示通り進めます。
係長にも共有いたします。
係長の承認をお待ちしております。

After-work Drinks

係長、一杯いかがですか？
係長のおごりですか？
係長、今日はありがとうございました。
係長、飲みすぎですよ。

Conversation Starters

"田中さんは、いつ係長になったんですか？ (When did Mr. Tanaka become a Chief?)"

"係長になるのは、大変だと聞きましたが本当ですか？ (I heard becoming a Chief is hard, is that true?)"

"あなたの会社の係長は、どんな人ですか？ (What kind of person is your company's Chief?)"

"係長に昇進したら、一番最初に何をしたいですか？ (If you get promoted to Chief, what's the first thing you want to do?)"

"係長と課長、どちらの仕事が忙しいと思いますか？ (Between a Chief and a Section Manager, who do you think is busier?)"

Journal Prompts

もし私が係長になったら、どんなリーダーになりたいか書く。 (Write about what kind of leader you'd want to be if you became a Chief.)

私の国と日本の会社の役職の違いについて考える。 (Think about the differences between job titles in your country and Japan.)

理想の係長はどんな人か、詳しく説明する。 (Describe in detail what an ideal Chief would be like.)

係長に叱られた時の気持ちと、その後の行動を想像して書く。 (Imagine and write about your feelings and actions after being scolded by a Chief.)

会社での昇進は、人生においてどのくらい重要か意見を書く。 (Write your opinion on how important promotion at work is in life.)

Frequently Asked Questions

10 questions