根拠のある in 30 Seconds
- 根拠のある means well-grounded or justifiable.
- It describes something with a solid basis in facts or logic.
- Used for arguments, claims, decisions, and research.
- Implies credibility and trustworthiness.
- Core Meaning
- The phrase 根拠のある (konkyo no aru) literally translates to 'having a basis' or 'having grounds.' It's used to describe something that is not arbitrary or random, but rather supported by evidence, reasoning, or a solid foundation. Think of it as the opposite of baseless or unfounded. When something is 根拠のある, it means there's a good reason to believe it or accept it.
- When to Use It
- You'll hear 根拠のある in various contexts, particularly when discussing arguments, claims, decisions, or even emotions. It's common in formal settings like news reports, academic discussions, legal proceedings, and business meetings. However, it can also be used in everyday conversations when someone wants to emphasize the validity of their statement or a particular point. For instance, if someone makes a strong accusation, you might ask if they have 根拠のある reasons for it. Similarly, if a scientific study presents findings, it would be described as having 根拠のある research. It’s a useful phrase for distinguishing between opinion and fact-based statements.
- Examples of Application
- Consider a debate: one participant might present a point that is purely speculative, while another might offer a point supported by data and logical deduction. The latter point would be described as 根拠のある. In a medical context, a doctor's diagnosis should be 根拠のある, based on symptoms and test results, not just a hunch. When evaluating a plan or proposal, you'd want to ensure it's 根拠のある, meaning it's well-thought-out and has a realistic chance of success due to a solid foundation. Even in art criticism, a review might highlight a piece that is 根拠のある in its thematic development or execution, implying a deliberate and well-supported artistic vision. It signifies a level of credibility and trustworthiness.
この報告書は、信頼できるデータに基づいた根拠のある分析を提供しています。
- Attaching to Nouns
- The most common way to use 根拠のある is as an adjective modifying a noun. You simply place it before the noun it describes, often with the particle な (na) if it feels more natural, though it can also function directly as an adjective. For example, 根拠のある意見 (konkyo no aru iken) means 'a well-grounded opinion,' and 根拠のある主張 (konkyo no aru shuchou) means 'a justifiable claim.' When used this way, it adds a layer of credibility and seriousness to the noun. It implies that the opinion or claim is not just a fleeting thought but has been carefully considered and is backed by something substantial. This is crucial in academic writing, debates, and any situation where you need to persuade or inform others with reliable information. The presence of 根拠のある signals that the speaker or writer has done their homework and is presenting something substantial, not just personal belief.
- Describing Arguments and Claims
- In arguments and discussions, 根拠のある is frequently used to evaluate the strength of statements. If someone makes a point that is logical and supported by evidence, you can say it's 根拠のある. Conversely, if a statement lacks support, it's considered 根拠のない (konkyo no nai) – without grounds. This distinction is vital for critical thinking. For instance, a scientist might present a theory that is 根拠のある because it aligns with existing empirical data and explains observed phenomena. A politician's promise, on the other hand, might be questioned if it lacks 根拠のある backing, suggesting it's merely an election tactic. The phrase helps listeners and readers gauge the reliability and trustworthiness of the information being presented. It encourages a deeper look into the foundation of any assertion made.
- In Decision Making and Justification
- When making decisions or justifying actions, using 根拠のある demonstrates a thoughtful and responsible approach. A manager might explain a decision as 根拠のある, meaning it was based on market research, financial projections, or past performance data. A judge's ruling must be 根拠のある, supported by legal precedent and evidence presented in court. This usage emphasizes that the action or decision wasn't arbitrary but a logical outcome of a reasoned process. It builds confidence in the decision-maker and the decision itself. For example, a company adopting a new strategy would ideally present it as 根拠のある, outlining the studies and analyses that led to this conclusion. This helps stakeholders understand the rationale and support the proposed changes. It's about demonstrating that the path taken is the most logical and defensible one.
彼の提案は、市場調査に基づいた根拠のあるものでした。
- News and Current Affairs
- In news reports, especially those covering serious topics like politics, economics, or crime, journalists often use 根拠のある to describe evidence-based reporting or claims. You might hear phrases like 根拠のある報道 (konkyo no aru houdou - well-grounded reporting) or 根拠のある証言 (konkyo no aru shougen - credible testimony). This helps the audience trust the information presented. For example, a news anchor might state that a particular accusation is being investigated and that there are 根拠のある疑い (konkyo no aru utagai - well-founded suspicions) based on preliminary findings. This sets a tone of objective reporting and encourages listeners to consider the information seriously. The use of this phrase in news signifies that the report is not based on rumor or speculation but on verifiable facts and logical deductions, adding weight and authority to the broadcast.
- Academic and Research Settings
- In universities and research institutions, 根拠のある is a fundamental concept. Researchers present 根拠のある研究 (konkyo no aru kenkyuu - well-founded research) or 根拠のある論文 (konkyo no aru ronbun - substantiated thesis). When professors lecture, they often emphasize that theories or conclusions must be 根拠のある, meaning they are supported by empirical data, logical reasoning, or established scientific principles. For instance, a biology professor might explain that a new evolutionary theory is considered 根拠のある if it can explain fossil records and genetic evidence. This phrase is used to distinguish between scientific hypotheses that are testable and supported, and mere conjecture. It's the bedrock of academic discourse, ensuring that knowledge is built upon a solid foundation of evidence and critical analysis.
- Legal and Business Contexts
- In the legal world, a lawyer must present 根拠のある arguments (konkyo no aru ronkou) to the court, backed by evidence and legal precedent. A judge's decision is expected to be 根拠のある, meaning it's justified by the law and the facts of the case. In business, strategic decisions, financial reports, and marketing plans are often described as 根拠のある if they are based on market analysis, consumer behavior studies, or financial projections. For example, a company launching a new product might present a business plan that is 根拠のある, demonstrating thorough market research and a clear understanding of consumer needs. This phrase lends credibility and seriousness to professional communications, assuring stakeholders that decisions and statements are not made lightly but with careful consideration and factual backing. It's a term that signifies reliability and thoroughness.
- Everyday Discussions
- While common in formal settings, 根拠のある can also appear in more casual conversations, especially when someone wants to emphasize the validity of their opinion or a piece of advice. If a friend gives you advice based on their own experience or research, they might say it's 根拠のあるアドバイス (konkyo no aru adobaisu - well-grounded advice). If someone makes a criticism that seems unfair, you might ask if they have 根拠のある理由 (konkyo no aru riyuu - justifiable reasons). This usage adds a touch of sophistication and emphasizes that the speaker's point is not just an opinion but is supported by some form of justification. It’s a way to elevate a personal thought into a more reasoned statement, encouraging the listener to take it more seriously.
その科学者は、長年の研究から根拠のある理論を発表しました。
- Confusing with 根拠がない (Konkyo ga nai)
- A common pitfall is mistakenly using 根拠のある when the situation calls for its opposite, 根拠がない (konkyo ga nai), meaning 'baseless' or 'unfounded.' For example, if someone makes a wild accusation without any proof, their statement is 根拠がない, not 根拠のある. Using 根拠のある in such a case would imply their baseless claim is actually justified, which is a significant misrepresentation. Learners should clearly distinguish between having support and lacking support. Always ask yourself: Is there evidence? Is there logic? If yes, it's 根拠のある. If no, it's 根拠がない. This is crucial for accurate communication and avoiding unintended endorsements of unsubstantiated claims.
- Overuse or Misapplication
- Another mistake is overusing 根拠のある or applying it to situations where it's not necessary or sounds unnatural. While it's a useful word, not every statement needs to be explicitly described as 'well-grounded.' For instance, saying 'This is a well-grounded cup of tea' would be nonsensical. The phrase is meant for arguments, claims, decisions, research, and similar abstract concepts. Using it for concrete objects or simple observations can make your Japanese sound awkward. It's best reserved for situations where the validity or justification of something is being considered or emphasized. Think about what you are describing: if it's an idea, a plan, a statement, or a piece of research, then 根拠のある is likely appropriate. If it's a physical object or a simple fact, it might not be.
- Grammatical Placement
- While 根拠のある functions as an adjective, learners might sometimes struggle with its placement or conjugation. It generally precedes the noun it modifies. For example, 根拠のある理由 (konkyo no aru riyuu - justifiable reason). Sometimes, especially in more formal writing, you might see it used predicatively with だ (da) or です (desu), such as 'この主張は根拠のあるものです' (Kono shuchou wa konkyo no aru mono desu - This claim is something that has grounds). However, the most straightforward and common usage is as a pre-nominal modifier. Ensure you place it correctly before the noun or use it as part of a complete sentence structure that makes grammatical sense. Incorrect placement can lead to confusion or sound unnatural to native speakers.
- Assuming it's a Noun
- Some learners might mistakenly treat 根拠のある as a standalone noun. Remember that 根拠 (konkyo) itself is a noun meaning 'basis' or 'grounds,' but 根拠のある is an adjectival phrase. You cannot say something like 'I have 根拠のある' in the same way you might say 'I have hope.' It needs to modify something. For example, you would say 'この発言には根拠のあるものがある' (Kono hatsugen ni wa konkyo no aru mono ga aru - This statement has something that has grounds to it), or more naturally, 'この発言は根拠のあるものです' (Kono hatsugen wa konkyo no aru mono desu - This statement is one that has grounds). Understanding its adjectival nature is key to using it correctly in sentences.
彼が言ったことは根拠のない噂話だった。
- 正当な (Seitou na)
- Comparison: 正当な (seitou na) means 'legitimate,' 'justifiable,' or 'proper.' While both 根拠のある and 正当な can imply justification, 正当な often carries a stronger sense of being morally or legally right. 根拠のある emphasizes the presence of supporting facts or logic, whereas 正当な emphasizes the inherent correctness or validity of something according to rules or principles.
Example: 根拠のある議論 (konkyo no aru giron - a well-grounded argument) vs. 正当な理由 (seitou na riyuu - a legitimate reason). The argument has evidence; the reason is valid according to norms. - 妥当な (Datou na)
- Comparison: 妥当な (datou na) means 'reasonable,' 'valid,' or 'appropriate.' It's very close in meaning to 根拠のある, especially when referring to logic or conclusions. 妥当な often implies that something is sensible and makes sense in the given context. 根拠のある focuses more on the existence of a basis, while 妥当な focuses on the soundness of the conclusion or proposal.
Example: 根拠のある推論 (konkyo no aru suiron - a well-grounded inference) vs. 妥当な判断 (datou na handan - a reasonable judgment). The inference is supported by facts; the judgment is sensible and logical. - 確かな (Tashika na)
- Comparison: 確かな (tashika na) means 'certain,' 'sure,' or 'reliable.' It implies a high degree of confidence or accuracy. While something 根拠のある is likely 確かな, 確かな can also refer to something that is simply known to be true or reliable without necessarily detailing the specific grounds. 根拠のある emphasizes the *reasoning* behind a claim, whereas 確かな emphasizes the *certainty* of the claim itself.
Example: 根拠のある情報 (konkyo no aru jouhou - well-grounded information) vs. 確かな証拠 (tashika na shouko - certain evidence). The information has a basis; the evidence is undeniable. - 論理的な (Ronriteki na)
- Comparison: 論理的な (ronriteki na) means 'logical.' A 根拠のある argument or statement is almost always 論理的な, as logic is a key component of having grounds. However, 論理的な focuses specifically on the structure of reasoning, while 根拠のある is broader, encompassing facts, data, and other forms of support beyond just logical flow.
Example: 根拠のある説明 (konkyo no aru setsumei - a well-grounded explanation) vs. 論理的な思考 (ronriteki na shikou - logical thinking). The explanation has backing; the thinking follows rules of logic.
彼の意見は根拠のあるものであり、妥当な判断に基づいている。
How Formal Is It?
Fun Fact
The kanji 根 (kon) is also used in words related to biology, like 根っこ (nekkō - root of a plant), highlighting the idea of something being firmly planted or having a deep origin. This reinforces the sense of stability and support associated with 根拠.
Pronunciation Guide
- Mispronouncing the 'kyo' sound as 'kyu' or 'ko'.
- Incorrect stress placement, such as stressing 'no' or the final syllable of 'aru'.
- Omitting the 'no' particle, which is crucial for the adjectival meaning.
Difficulty Rating
At the B1 CEFR level, reading texts containing 根拠のある might include news articles, opinion pieces, or simple academic excerpts. Learners will need to understand the context to grasp the meaning of 'well-grounded' or 'justifiable.' The complexity will increase significantly at higher levels.
B1 learners can attempt to use 根拠のある in their writing, but it might sound slightly unnatural or be misused. The challenge lies in correctly identifying situations where it applies and integrating it grammatically. At higher levels, it becomes a key term for constructing persuasive arguments.
Speaking proficiency at B1 allows learners to use 根拠のある in simple sentences, perhaps asking for reasons or stating that something seems well-founded. Fluency and accuracy in using it in more complex dialogues will develop at higher levels.
B1 learners should be able to comprehend 根拠のある when spoken in clear, standard Japanese, especially in contexts like news or lectures. Distinguishing it from similar terms and understanding its nuanced meaning requires practice.
What to Learn Next
Prerequisites
Learn Next
Advanced
Grammar to Know
Using のある (no aru) to form adjectival phrases from nouns.
The noun 根拠 (konkyo) becomes the adjective 根拠のある (konkyo no aru) by adding のある. This pattern is used to describe things that possess a certain quality. For example, 力 (chikara - strength) becomes 力のある (chikara no aru - strong/powerful).
Using な (na) with certain adjectives (na-adjectives) before nouns.
While 根拠のある often functions directly as a pre-nominal adjective, sometimes な can be inserted for stylistic reasons or clarity, though it's less common than with typical na-adjectives. For example, 根拠のあるな理由 (konkyo no aru na riyuu) - though 根拠のある理由 is more standard.
Using predicative forms like 〜だ (da) or 〜です (desu) with adjective phrases.
この主張は根拠のあるものです。 (Kono shuchou wa konkyo no aru mono desu.) This claim is something well-grounded.
Using 〜に基づいている (ni motozuite iru) to indicate the basis of something.
彼の意見は根拠のあるデータに基づいている。 (Kare no iken wa konkyo no aru deeta ni motozuite iru.) His opinion is based on well-grounded data.
Using 〜と言える (to ieru) to state that something can be said to be.
この研究は根拠のあるものだと言える。 (Kono kenkyuu wa konkyo no aru mono da to ieru.) This research can be said to be well-grounded.
Examples by Level
彼の話は根拠のあるものだった。
His story was something that had grounds.
Used as an adjective modifying 'もの' (mono - thing/story).
その計画は根拠のあるように聞こえる。
That plan sounds like it has grounds.
The adjective phrase modifies the implied subject of 'ように聞こえる' (youni kikoeru - sounds like).
なぜそう思うのですか？根拠のある理由を教えてください。
Why do you think so? Please tell me the reasons that have grounds.
'根拠のある' modifies '理由' (riyuu - reason).
この情報は根拠のあるものですか？
Is this information something that has grounds?
Used predicatively with 'もの' (mono).
彼らの行動は根拠のあるものだと信じている。
I believe their actions are things that have grounds.
Modifies 'もの' (mono) and used within a belief statement.
この分析は根拠のあるものだ。
This analysis is something that has grounds.
Predicative use with 'ものだ' (mono da).
もっと根拠のある説明が欲しい。
I want a more explanation that has grounds.
Modifies the implied noun '説明' (setsumei - explanation).
それは根拠のある意見ですか？
Is that an opinion that has grounds?
Modifies '意見' (iken - opinion).
その研究結果は、長年のデータ収集に基づいた根拠のあるものだ。
Those research results are something well-grounded, based on many years of data collection.
Modifies 'もの' (mono), emphasizing the solid foundation of the research.
彼の主張には根拠のある部分もあるが、すべてではない。
His claims have parts that are well-grounded, but not all of them.
'根拠のある' modifies '部分' (bubun - part), indicating partial validity.
我々の決定は、市場の動向に関する根拠のある分析に基づいています。
Our decision is based on a well-grounded analysis regarding market trends.
Modifies '分析' (bunseki - analysis) in a formal business context.
この理論は、多くの科学者によって根拠のあるものとして受け入れられている。
This theory is accepted by many scientists as something well-grounded.
Used predicatively with 'もの' (mono) to describe the theory's acceptance.
感情論ではなく、根拠のある議論をしてください。
Please have an argument that has grounds, not an emotional one.
Modifies '議論' (giron - argument/discussion).
その政策は、国民の大多数からの根拠のある支持を得ている。
That policy has gained well-grounded support from the majority of the people.
Modifies '支持' (shiji - support).
彼の批判は根拠のあるものだったので、真剣に受け止めた。
Because his criticism was something well-grounded, I took it seriously.
Used in a subordinate clause to explain the reason for taking criticism seriously.
我々は、根拠のある推測に基づいて次のステップを計画する。
We will plan the next step based on well-grounded speculation.
Modifies '推測' (suisoku - speculation/inference).
この学説は、過去の膨大な考古学的発見という根拠のある土台の上に築かれている。
This academic theory is built upon a well-grounded foundation of vast past archaeological discoveries.
Emphasizes the strong, factual basis of an academic theory.
彼の反論は、単なる感情論ではなく、詳細な統計データに裏打ちされた根拠のあるものだった。
His counter-argument was not mere emotional rhetoric but was well-grounded, backed by detailed statistical data.
Highlights the contrast between emotional appeals and factual grounding in a debate.
我々の提案の根拠のある正当性を、関係各位にご理解いただく必要がある。
It is necessary for all stakeholders to understand the well-grounded legitimacy of our proposal.
Combines '根拠のある' with '正当性' (seitousei - legitimacy) for a formal appeal.
誤解を招かないために、我々の立場を根拠のある事実に基づいて説明させていただきます。
To avoid causing misunderstanding, we will explain our position based on well-grounded facts.
Used in a formal setting to assure clarity and accuracy.
この複雑な問題に対する解決策は、単一の視点からではなく、多角的な根拠のある分析から導き出されるべきだ。
The solution to this complex problem should be derived not from a single perspective, but from a multifaceted, well-grounded analysis.
Emphasizes the need for comprehensive and solid analysis for complex issues.
彼の過去の業績は、将来の成功を予測するための根拠のある指標となるだろう。
His past achievements will serve as well-grounded indicators for predicting future success.
Highlights past performance as a reliable basis for future predictions.
我々は、単なる憶測ではなく、根拠のある仮説に基づいてさらなる調査を進める。
We will proceed with further investigation based on well-grounded hypotheses, not mere speculation.
Distinguishes between unfounded speculation and scientifically supported hypotheses.
この社会運動の基盤となっているのは、長年にわたる不公平に対する根拠のある怒りである。
What forms the basis of this social movement is well-grounded anger towards years of injustice.
Describes the deep-seated, justifiable reasons behind a social movement.
その哲学者によれば、我々の認識の多くは、経験という根拠のある基盤の上に構築されているという。
According to that philosopher, much of our cognition is constructed upon the well-grounded foundation of experience.
Discusses the philosophical underpinnings of knowledge and its grounding in experience.
現代の経済理論は、過去のバブル崩壊の教訓という根拠のある反省を踏まえて構築されている。
Modern economic theories are constructed upon a well-grounded reflection of the lessons from past bubble collapses.
Analyzes the historical basis and lessons learned that inform current theories.
彼の作品における象徴主義の用法は、単なる恣意的なものではなく、深遠な文化的・歴史的文脈という根拠のある源泉から汲み取られている。
The use of symbolism in his work is not arbitrary but is drawn from the well-grounded source of profound cultural and historical contexts.
Evaluates artistic choices by examining their deep, substantiated origins.
この訴訟における検察側の主張は、物的証拠と証言という根拠のある柱によって支えられている。
The prosecution's claims in this lawsuit are supported by the well-grounded pillars of physical evidence and testimony.
Uses metaphorical language ('pillars') to describe the strong factual basis of legal arguments.
我々は、不確かな情報に惑わされることなく、根拠のある事実のみに基づいて意思決定を行うべきである。
We should make decisions based solely on well-grounded facts, without being misled by uncertain information.
Advocates for evidence-based decision-making, emphasizing the distinction between fact and speculation.
その理論の根拠のある妥当性は、学術界における長年の議論と検証によって証明されている。
The well-grounded validity of that theory has been proven through years of debate and verification in the academic community.
Highlights the rigorous process of academic validation that establishes a theory's grounds.
彼が唱える倫理観は、普遍的な人間性という根拠のある原則に基づいている。
The ethical viewpoint he advocates is based on the well-grounded principle of universal humanity.
Connects ethical principles to a fundamental, universally recognized basis.
この芸術様式の発展は、社会構造の変化という根拠のある背景に深く根差している。
The development of this art style is deeply rooted in the well-grounded background of changing social structures.
Explains artistic evolution by linking it to substantial societal transformations.
Common Collocations
Common Phrases
— A story or account that is believable and has supporting facts or logic.
彼の話はいつも根拠のある話で、聞いている人を納得させる。 (Kare no hanashi wa itsumo konkyo no aru hanashi de, kiite iru hito o nattoku saseru.) His stories are always believable and convince the listeners.
— This is a bit redundant but emphasizes that the grounds themselves are solid and well-established. It means the basis for something is itself well-supported.
その理論の根拠のある根拠は、多くの実験によって示された。 (Sono riron no konkyo no aru konkyo wa, ooku no jikken ni yotte shimesareta.) The well-grounded basis for that theory was shown by many experiments.
— A counter-argument that is logical and supported by evidence, effectively refuting the original point.
彼女の根拠のある反論により、議論は新たな局面を迎えた。 (Kanojo no konkyo no aru hanron ni yori, giron wa arata na kyokumen o mukaeta.) Her well-grounded counter-argument brought the discussion to a new phase.
— An inference or deduction made based on facts or logical reasoning, making it sound and believable.
探偵は根拠のある推論を重ねて、事件を解決した。 (Tantei wa konkyo no aru suiron o kasane te, jiken o kaiketsu shita.) The detective solved the case by making a series of well-grounded inferences.
— A question that is raised based on valid concerns or lack of clarity, implying that the question itself is justified.
その計画には根拠のある疑問がいくつかある。 (Sono keikaku ni wa konkyo no aru gimon ga ikutsuka aru.) There are several justifiable doubts about that plan.
— An opinion that opposes something but is supported by valid reasons or evidence.
会議では根拠のある反対意見も表明された。 (Kaigi de wa konkyo no aru hantai iken mo hyoumei sareta.) Well-grounded opposing opinions were also expressed at the meeting.
— Concerns that are valid and based on specific reasons or potential problems.
環境問題に対する根拠のある懸念が表明された。 (Kankyou mondai ni taisuru konkyo no aru kenen ga hyoumei sareta.) Well-grounded concerns about environmental issues were expressed.
— Facts that are well-established and verifiable, forming a solid basis for further claims or arguments.
我々は根拠のある事実のみを提示する。 (Wareware wa konkyo no aru jijitsu nomi o teiji suru.) We will present only well-grounded facts.
— Accountability that is based on clear reasons and evidence, making it justifiable.
政治家には根拠のある説明責任が求められる。 (Seijika ni wa konkyo no aru setsumei sekinin ga motomerareru.) Politicians are expected to have well-grounded accountability.
— Predictions about the future that are based on current data, trends, and logical reasoning, making them more reliable.
経済アナリストは根拠のある将来予測を行った。 (Keizai anarisuto wa konkyo no aru shourai yosoku o okonatta.) The economic analyst made well-grounded future predictions.
Often Confused With
This is the direct opposite, meaning 'baseless' or 'unfounded.' It's crucial to distinguish between having grounds and lacking them, as using one when the other is meant completely reverses the meaning.
While something 根拠のある is often 確かな (certain/reliable), 確かな focuses more on the degree of certainty itself, whereas 根拠のある emphasizes the *reason* for that certainty.
妥当な means 'reasonable' or 'valid.' It's very close, but 根拠のある specifically points to the presence of a factual or logical basis, while 妥当な can also refer to something being sensible or appropriate in context.
Easily Confused
It is the direct antonym and learners might mix them up due to similar structure.
根拠のある means something has a basis or proof. 根拠のない means it lacks any basis or proof. For example, a scientific theory is 根拠のある, while a baseless rumor is 根拠のない.
彼の主張は<mark class='bg-red-200 px-0.5 rounded'>根拠のある</mark>ものでしたが、彼女の主張は<mark class='bg-red-200 px-0.5 rounded'>根拠のない</mark>ものでした。 (Kare no shuchou wa <mark class='bg-red-200 px-0.5 rounded'>konkyo no aru</mark> mono deshita ga, kanojo no shuchou wa <mark class='bg-red-200 px-0.5 rounded'>konkyo no nai</mark> mono deshita.) His claim was well-grounded, but her claim was baseless.
Both imply reliability and truthfulness.
確かな means 'certain' or 'reliable,' focusing on the high degree of confidence. 根拠のある means 'well-grounded,' emphasizing the presence of supporting facts or logic as the reason for that certainty. You can have 確かな information that is 根拠のある, but 確かな could also refer to something simply known to be true without detailing the grounds.
これは<mark class='bg-red-200 px-0.5 rounded'>確かな</mark>情報です。 (Kore wa <mark class='bg-red-200 px-0.5 rounded'>tashika na</mark> jouhou desu.) This is certain information. この情報は<mark class='bg-red-200 px-0.5 rounded'>根拠のある</mark>ものです。 (Kono jouhou wa <mark class='bg-red-200 px-0.5 rounded'>konkyo no aru</mark> mono desu.) This information is well-grounded.
Both suggest validity and reasonableness.
妥当な means 'reasonable' or 'valid,' implying something makes sense or is appropriate in context. 根拠のある specifically points to the existence of factual or logical support as the reason for its validity. A decision can be 妥当な because it's sensible, and it can be 根拠のある because it's based on data.
その判断は<mark class='bg-red-200 px-0.5 rounded'>妥当な</mark>ものでした。 (Sono handan wa <mark class='bg-red-200 px-0.5 rounded'>datou na</mark> mono deshita.) That judgment was reasonable. その判断は<mark class='bg-red-200 px-0.5 rounded'>根拠のある</mark>ものでした。 (Sono handan wa <mark class='bg-red-200 px-0.5 rounded'>konkyo no aru</mark> mono deshita.) That judgment was well-grounded.
Both imply justification.
正当な means 'legitimate' or 'justifiable,' often implying correctness according to rules, morals, or law. 根拠のある emphasizes the factual or logical basis. A reason can be 正当な because it's ethically right, and it can be 根拠のある because it's supported by facts.
彼は<mark class='bg-red-200 px-0.5 rounded'>正当な</mark>理由で遅刻した。 (Kare wa <mark class='bg-red-200 px-0.5 rounded'>seitou na</mark> riyuu de chikoku shita.) He was late for a legitimate reason. 彼の遅刻の理由は<mark class='bg-red-200 px-0.5 rounded'>根拠のある</mark>ものだった。 (Kare no chikoku no riyuu wa <mark class='bg-red-200 px-0.5 rounded'>konkyo no aru</mark> mono datta.) The reason for his lateness was well-grounded.
A well-grounded argument is usually logical.
論理的な means 'logical,' focusing on the structure of reasoning. 根拠のある means 'well-grounded,' which includes logic but also factual evidence. An argument can be 論理的な but lack sufficient factual basis to be considered 根拠のある.
彼の説明は<mark class='bg-red-200 px-0.5 rounded'>論理的な</mark>ものでした。 (Kare no setsumei wa <mark class='bg-red-200 px-0.5 rounded'>ronriteki na</mark> mono deshita.) His explanation was logical. しかし、その説明は<mark class='bg-red-200 px-0.5 rounded'>根拠のある</mark>ものではありませんでした。 (Shikashi, sono setsumei wa <mark class='bg-red-200 px-0.5 rounded'>konkyo no aru</mark> mono de wa arimasen deshita.) However, that explanation was not well-grounded.
Sentence Patterns
Noun + は + 根拠のある + Noun + です。
この計画は<mark class='bg-yellow-200 px-0.5 rounded'>根拠のある</mark>計画です。 (Kono keikaku wa <mark class='bg-yellow-200 px-0.5 rounded'>konkyo no aru</mark> keikaku desu.) This plan is a well-grounded plan.
Noun + は + 根拠のある + Noun + だ。
彼の意見は<mark class='bg-yellow-200 px-0.5 rounded'>根拠のある</mark>意見だ。 (Kare no iken wa <mark class='bg-yellow-200 px-0.5 rounded'>konkyo no aru</mark> iken da.) His opinion is a well-grounded opinion.
Noun + に基づいた + 根拠のある + Noun
データに<mark class='bg-yellow-200 px-0.5 rounded'>基づいた</mark>根拠のある分析。 (Deeta ni <mark class='bg-yellow-200 px-0.5 rounded'>motozuita</mark> konkyo no aru bunseki.) Well-grounded analysis based on data.
Noun + は + 根拠のある + ものだ。
その研究結果は<mark class='bg-green-200 px-0.5 rounded'>根拠のある</mark>ものだ。 (Sono kenkyuu kekka wa <mark class='bg-green-200 px-0.5 rounded'>konkyo no aru</mark> mono da.) Those research results are well-grounded.
（理由・証拠など） + が + 根拠のある + Noun + を示している。
彼の発言は<mark class='bg-green-200 px-0.5 rounded'>根拠のある</mark>証拠を示している。 (Kare no hatsugen wa <mark class='bg-green-200 px-0.5 rounded'>konkyo no aru</mark> shouko o shimeshite iru.) His statement shows well-grounded evidence.
Noun + は + Noun + という + 根拠のある + 土台の上に築かれている。
この学説は、過去の発見という<mark class='bg-blue-200 px-0.5 rounded'>根拠のある</mark>土台の上に築かれている。 (Kono gakusetsu wa, kako no hakken to iu <mark class='bg-blue-200 px-0.5 rounded'>konkyo no aru</mark> dodai no ue ni kizukarete iru.) This theory is built upon the well-grounded foundation of past discoveries.
単なる + Noun + ではなく、 + 根拠のある + Noun + だった。
それは単なる憶測ではなく、<mark class='bg-blue-200 px-0.5 rounded'>根拠のある</mark>分析だった。 (Sore wa tan'naru okusoku de wa naku, <mark class='bg-blue-200 px-0.5 rounded'>konkyo no aru</mark> bunseki datta.) It was not mere speculation, but a well-grounded analysis.
Noun + は + Noun + という + 根拠のある + 源泉から汲み取られている。
彼の言葉は、経験という<mark class='bg-purple-200 px-0.5 rounded'>根拠のある</mark>源泉から汲み取られている。 (Kare no kotoba wa, keiken to iu <mark class='bg-purple-200 px-0.5 rounded'>konkyo no aru</mark> gensen kara kumitorarete iru.) His words are drawn from the well-grounded source of experience.
Word Family
Nouns
Adjectives
Related
How to Use It
Medium-High
-
Using 根拠のある for things that are simply 'good' or 'bad' without needing justification.
→
This phrase is for things that require or possess a logical or factual basis, not for simple subjective qualities. For example, you wouldn't say 'This cake is 根拠のある.'
根拠のある implies a level of reasoning or evidence. Applying it to simple subjective evaluations like taste or preference is a misapplication. Instead, use adjectives like 美味しい (oishii - delicious) or まずい (mazui - bad-tasting).
-
Confusing 根拠のある with 根拠のない.
→
Ensure you use 根拠のある when something has support, and 根拠のない when it lacks support. For instance, 'His claim was well-grounded' (彼の主張は<mark class='bg-red-200 px-0.5 rounded'>根拠のある</mark>ものだった) versus 'His claim was baseless' (彼の主張は<mark class='bg-red-200 px-0.5 rounded'>根拠のない</mark>ものだった).
These are direct antonyms. Misusing them leads to a complete reversal of meaning, potentially making a baseless claim sound credible or a credible claim sound baseless.
-
Overusing the phrase when simpler words suffice.
→
While 根拠のある is useful, not every statement needs to be described as 'well-grounded.' Sometimes, simpler adjectives like 'logical' or 'true' are more natural.
Using 根拠のある too frequently can make your Japanese sound stiff or overly formal. Assess if the emphasis on 'having grounds' is truly necessary for the context.
-
Grammatical errors in placement or conjunction.
→
Place 根拠のある before the noun it modifies. For example: '根拠のある意見' (konkyo no aru iken). While less common, in some formal contexts, it might appear predicatively with 〜ものです.
Incorrect placement can lead to confusion. Ensure the adjective phrase clearly modifies the intended noun and follows standard Japanese sentence structure.
-
Using it for concrete objects without a metaphorical basis.
→
You wouldn't say 'a well-grounded chair.' The phrase applies to abstract concepts like arguments, decisions, research, or theories.
根拠のある describes the justification or foundation of abstract ideas, not the physical properties of objects. Applying it literally to concrete nouns is nonsensical.
Tips
Distinguish from 'Baseless'
Always remember that 根拠のある means 'having grounds.' Its direct opposite is 根拠のない (konkyo no nai), meaning 'baseless' or 'unfounded.' Make sure you are using the correct term based on whether support exists or not.
Adjective Function
根拠のある functions as an adjective. It typically precedes the noun it modifies, like '根拠のある意見' (a well-grounded opinion). Ensure it's placed correctly in the sentence to modify the intended noun.
Formal vs. Informal
While usable in various contexts, 根拠のある is most frequently encountered in formal and neutral settings like news reports, academic discussions, and business meetings. Using it in very casual conversation might sound overly formal.
Focus on the 'Why'
When you see or use 根拠のある, think about the 'why' behind the statement or decision. What are the underlying facts, logic, or evidence that make it justifiable and credible?
Visual Association
Picture a strong, deep root system of a tree. This visual helps to remember that 根拠のある means something is firmly supported and has a solid foundation.
Related Terms
Learn the antonym 根拠のない (baseless) and related terms like 確かな (certain) and 妥当な (reasonable) to build a richer understanding of how to express validity and justification in Japanese.
Critique and Support
Use 根拠のある to both support your own arguments by highlighting their basis, and to critique others' statements by questioning if they are 根拠のある.
Beyond Just Facts
While facts are a primary basis, 根拠のある can also refer to sound logical reasoning, established principles, or a consensus within a field, not just empirical data.
Stress and Rhythm
Pay attention to the stress on 'kon-KYO no A-ru.' Practicing the pronunciation will help you recognize and use the word more confidently.
Sentence Construction
Actively try to create your own sentences using 根拠のある to describe various things – a plan, an opinion, a theory, or a decision. This active recall is key to mastering the word.
Memorize It
Mnemonic
Imagine a sturdy tree with deep roots (根 - kon). This tree represents a strong argument or idea. The fact that it has these deep roots means it is stable and well-supported, hence, 根拠のある (konkyo no aru). Think of 'conquer' (kon) the argument with strong 'core' (kyo) evidence.
Visual Association
Picture a building constructed on a very solid, well-reinforced foundation. The foundation is clearly visible and robust, symbolizing the 'grounds' or 'basis' for the structure. This solid foundation makes the building 'well-grounded' and stable.
Word Web
Challenge
Try to explain a recent decision you made using the phrase 根拠のある. What were the grounds for your decision? Were there any alternatives you considered, and what were the grounds for choosing your current path?
Word Origin
The word 根拠 (konkyo) itself is composed of two kanji: 根 (kon) meaning 'root' or 'base,' and 拠 (kyo) meaning 'base,' 'rely on,' or 'support.' Together, they form the concept of a 'root base' or a 'foundation.' The addition of the adjectival ending のある (no aru), meaning 'to have' or 'to possess,' transforms it into an adjective describing something that 'has a basis' or 'is well-founded.'
Original meaning: The core idea is 'having a root' or 'having a foundation.'
Sino-Japanese (derived from Chinese characters and concepts)Cultural Context
This term is generally neutral and objective. It is used to evaluate the quality of information or arguments, not to make personal judgments about individuals. However, accusing someone's statement of being 根拠のない (baseless) can be seen as a strong criticism.
In English-speaking cultures, similar concepts exist with phrases like 'well-founded,' 'substantiated,' 'evidence-based,' or 'justifiable.' The emphasis on logic, evidence, and reasoned arguments is universal in critical discourse.
Practice in Real Life
Real-World Contexts
Debates and discussions
- それは<mark class='bg-purple-200 px-0.5 rounded'>根拠のある</mark>意見ですか？
- もっと<mark class='bg-purple-200 px-0.5 rounded'>根拠のある</mark>議論をしましょう。
- あなたの主張には<mark class='bg-purple-200 px-0.5 rounded'>根拠のある</mark>部分もある。
News reporting and analysis
- この報道は<mark class='bg-purple-200 px-0.5 rounded'>根拠のある</mark>情報に基づいています。
- 専門家は<mark class='bg-purple-200 px-0.5 rounded'>根拠のある</mark>分析を提供した。
- <mark class='bg-purple-200 px-0.5 rounded'>根拠のある</mark>疑問が呈されている。
Academic research and writing
- この理論は<mark class='bg-purple-200 px-0.5 rounded'>根拠のある</mark>土台の上に成り立っている。
- 実験結果は<mark class='bg-purple-200 px-0.5 rounded'>根拠のある</mark>結論を支持する。
- <mark class='bg-purple-200 px-0.5 rounded'>根拠のある</mark>仮説を立てることが重要だ。
Legal proceedings
- 検察側の主張は<mark class='bg-purple-200 px-0.5 rounded'>根拠のある</mark>証拠に欠けている。
- 被告は<mark class='bg-purple-200 px-0.5 rounded'>根拠のある</mark>反論を展開した。
- 裁判官は<mark class='bg-purple-200 px-0.5 rounded'>根拠のある</mark>判決を下した。
Business and decision-making
- 我々の決定は<mark class='bg-purple-200 px-0.5 rounded'>根拠のある</mark>市場分析に基づいている。
- より<mark class='bg-purple-200 px-0.5 rounded'>根拠のある</mark>提案を求む。
- この計画は<mark class='bg-purple-200 px-0.5 rounded'>根拠のある</mark>ものではないと判断された。
Conversation Starters
"最近、何か根拠のあるニュースを聞きましたか？"
"あなたが最近下した根拠のある決定について教えてください。"
"この件について、どのような根拠のある意見をお持ちですか？"
"何か根拠のあるアドバイスがあれば、ぜひ聞かせてください。"
"この状況について、根拠のある分析はありますか？"
Journal Prompts
今日あった出来事の中で、最も<mark class='bg-pink-200 px-0.5 rounded'>根拠のある</mark>と感じた判断は何でしたか？その根拠を詳しく書き出してください。
あなたが最近読んだ記事や本の中で、<mark class='bg-pink-200 px-0.5 rounded'>根拠のある</mark>主張だと感じたものはありましたか？その主張と、なぜそれが<mark class='bg-pink-200 px-0.5 rounded'>根拠のある</mark>と感じたのかを説明してください。
将来の目標について、<mark class='bg-pink-200 px-0.5 rounded'>根拠のある</mark>計画を立ててみましょう。目標達成のために、どのようなステップが必要で、それぞれのステップにはどのような根拠がありますか？
誰かの意見や行動に対して、<mark class='bg-pink-200 px-0.5 rounded'>根拠のある</mark>疑問を感じた経験について書いてください。その疑問はどのように生まれ、どのように解決しようとしましたか？
もしあなたが何か新しいプロジェクトを始めるなら、その計画に<mark class='bg-pink-200 px-0.5 rounded'>根拠のある</mark>ものにするために、どのような調査や分析を行いますか？
Frequently Asked Questions
10 questions根拠のある (konkyo no aru) means 'well-grounded,' 'justifiable,' or 'having a sound basis in logic or fact.' It indicates that a statement, claim, or decision is supported by evidence or reasoning. On the other hand, 根拠のない (konkyo no nai) means 'baseless,' 'unfounded,' or 'without grounds.' It describes something that lacks any supporting evidence or logical foundation. For example, a scientific theory is 根拠のある, while a baseless rumor is 根拠のない.
Yes, it can, but it's often used to add emphasis or a sense of seriousness. If you want to say your opinion is based on something specific, you can say it's 根拠のある. For instance, if you believe a certain investment is good because you've done research, you might say, '私の投資判断は根拠のあるものです (My investment judgment is well-grounded).' However, in very casual chat, simpler phrasing might be more common.
Evidence is a key component of 根拠のある. If something has evidence supporting it, it is considered 根拠のある. However, 根拠のある is broader than just 'evidence'; it can also include logical reasoning, established principles, or data that might not be considered direct 'evidence' in a legal sense but still form a solid basis for a claim or theory.
Generally, yes. Describing something as 根拠のある implies it is credible, valid, and well-supported, which are positive attributes. Conversely, describing something as 根拠のない is negative, suggesting it is unreliable or false. The term itself is objective, but its application usually highlights positive qualities of the subject.
Use 根拠のある when you want to specifically emphasize that something has a solid foundation of facts or logic. Use 確かな (tashika na) when you want to stress the certainty or reliability of something. Use 妥当な (datou na) when you want to say something is reasonable or makes sense in the context. For example, a research finding can be 根拠のある (based on data), which makes it 確かな (certain), and therefore a 妥当な conclusion.
It's less common to describe emotions directly as 根拠のある, as emotions are often subjective. However, you could say that the *reason* for an emotion is 根拠のある. For example, '彼の怒りは根拠のあるものだった' (Kare no ikari wa konkyo no aru mono datta - His anger was well-grounded/justifiable) implies that the circumstances leading to his anger were valid.
The kanji 根 (kon) means 'root' and 拠 (kyo) means 'base' or 'rely on.' So, 根拠 literally translates to 'root base' or 'foundation.' The phrase 根拠のある means 'having this root base' or 'possessing a foundation.'
Try to identify statements or claims in Japanese media (news, dramas) and see if they are described as 根拠のある. Also, practice constructing your own sentences where you explain why something is well-grounded, using the phrase. For example, describe why a movie you liked was good by saying it had 根拠のある plot development.
It is used in both, but it leans towards formal and neutral registers. It's very common in academic, legal, and journalistic contexts. In very casual conversation, people might use simpler terms like 'reason' or 'proof,' but 根拠のある adds a layer of sophistication and emphasizes the solid backing of a statement.
The direct opposite is 根拠のない (konkyo no nai), which means 'baseless,' 'unfounded,' or 'without grounds.' For example, a baseless accusation would be 根拠のない非難 (konkyo no nai hinan).
Test Yourself 10 questions
/ 10 correct
Perfect score!
Summary
根拠のある (konkyo no aru) signifies that something possesses a solid foundation, supported by evidence, logic, or facts, making it justifiable and credible. It's the opposite of baseless or unfounded.
- 根拠のある means well-grounded or justifiable.
- It describes something with a solid basis in facts or logic.
- Used for arguments, claims, decisions, and research.
- Implies credibility and trustworthiness.
Distinguish from 'Baseless'
Always remember that 根拠のある means 'having grounds.' Its direct opposite is 根拠のない (konkyo no nai), meaning 'baseless' or 'unfounded.' Make sure you are using the correct term based on whether support exists or not.
Adjective Function
根拠のある functions as an adjective. It typically precedes the noun it modifies, like '根拠のある意見' (a well-grounded opinion). Ensure it's placed correctly in the sentence to modify the intended noun.
Formal vs. Informal
While usable in various contexts, 根拠のある is most frequently encountered in formal and neutral settings like news reports, academic discussions, and business meetings. Using it in very casual conversation might sound overly formal.
Focus on the 'Why'
When you see or use 根拠のある, think about the 'why' behind the statement or decision. What are the underlying facts, logic, or evidence that make it justifiable and credible?
Related Content
More academic words
絶対的
B2Absolute; not qualified or diminished in any way; total.
絶対的に
B1In a complete, unconditional, or conclusive manner; absolutely.
抽象的だ
B1Abstract; existing in thought or as an idea but not having a physical or concrete existence.
抽象
B2Existing in thought or as an idea but not having a physical or concrete existence. It refers to generalizing or extracting the essence of something away from specific details.
抽象的に
B1In an abstract or theoretical manner.
学術的な
B1Academic, scholarly; relating to education and scholarship.
学術的だ
B1Academic; relating to education and scholarship.
学術的
B2Academic; relating to education and scholarship.
学術
B1Academia; scholarship; relating to scholarly pursuits.
学力
B1Academic ability; a person's level of knowledge and skill in academic subjects.
