성숙하다 in 30 Seconds
- Reaching full physical and mental development.
- Developing wisdom, understanding, and responsibility.
- Often used for personal growth and emotional maturity.
- Can also apply to ideas or projects reaching completion.
- Core Meaning
- To be fully grown or developed, both physically and mentally. It implies reaching a state of maturity, understanding, and capability. Think of a plant that has grown to its full potential or a person who has developed a mature outlook on life.
- Physical Maturity
- This refers to reaching physical adulthood, where the body has completed its growth and development. For example, a child is not yet mature, but an adult is considered physically mature.
- Mental and Emotional Maturity
- This is a very common usage. It describes someone who has developed a sensible, responsible, and understanding mind. A mature person can handle difficult situations calmly, make wise decisions, and understand the consequences of their actions. This contrasts with immaturity, which might involve impulsiveness or a lack of empathy.
- Social and Psychological Maturity
- In academic or psychological contexts, '성숙하다' often refers to the development of social skills, emotional regulation, and the ability to form healthy relationships. It's about understanding social norms and behaving appropriately within them.
- Developmental Stages
- The word is used to describe the process of reaching a mature state. Something that is 'maturing' is in the process of becoming 성숙하다.
- Figurative Usage
- It can also be used metaphorically, for example, to describe the maturation of an idea, a plan, or even a piece of art that has reached its full potential and is now well-developed and refined.
She has become very mature (성숙하다) for her age.
This wine needs more time to mature (성숙하다).
The project has finally matured (성숙하다) after years of development.
- Subject + 성숙하다
- The most straightforward way to use it is with a subject. The subject can be a person, an animal, a plant, or even an abstract concept that can develop or grow.
- Subject + (Time/Situation) + 에 따라 + 성숙하다
- This structure emphasizes that maturity is often a result of time passing or specific experiences. For example, '시간이 지나면서 아이는 성숙했다' (As time passed, the child matured).
- Subject + (Adverb) + 성숙하다
- Adverbs can modify how someone or something matures. For instance, '정신적으로 성숙하다' (to be mentally mature) or '빨리 성숙하다' (to mature quickly).
- Describing a State of Being
- '성숙하다' is an adjective, so it describes a state. You can use it with descriptive sentences like '그는 어른스럽고 성숙해 보인다' (He looks adult-like and mature).
- Expressing Potential and Development
- It can also describe the process of reaching maturity. '이 과일은 아직 덜 성숙했다' (This fruit is not yet fully ripe/mature).
- Formal vs. Informal
- While '성숙하다' itself is a standard verb form, its usage can lean towards more formal or thoughtful contexts when discussing personal development or complex concepts. In very casual speech, simpler terms might be used for physical growth, but for mental or emotional maturity, '성숙하다' is quite common.
After moving abroad, he matured (성숙했다) significantly.
The company's strategy has matured (성숙해졌다) over the years, becoming more refined.
Children naturally mature (성숙해진다) as they grow older.
- Parent-Teacher Conferences
- Educators often use '성숙하다' to describe a child's development, not just academically, but also socially and emotionally. They might say a student is '성숙한 태도를 보인다' (shows a mature attitude) or needs to '더 성숙해질 필요가 있다' (needs to mature more).
- Discussions About Personal Growth
- When people talk about life experiences, challenges, or aging, '성숙하다' is a common word. For instance, '나이가 들면서 자연스럽게 성숙하게 되었다' (As I got older, I naturally became mature).
- Psychology and Self-Help
- In contexts discussing emotional intelligence, resilience, and personal development, '성숙하다' is frequently used to describe a healthy psychological state.
- Reviews and Critiques (Art, Food, etc.)
- When describing things that develop over time, like wine, cheese, or even a piece of music that has been refined, '성숙하다' is used. '이 와인은 몇 년 더 숙성시켜야 제맛이 난다' (This wine needs to mature for a few more years to taste its best). Note: For aging/maturing of food/drink, '숙성하다' is often more specific, but '성숙하다' can be used metaphorically.
- Conversations About Relationships
- In discussions about marriage, family, or friendships, people might comment on the maturity of individuals involved. '그는 결혼할 만큼 충분히 성숙했다' (He is mature enough to get married).
- Literature and Media
- You'll find '성숙하다' in novels, dramas, and films, often used to describe character development or themes of growth and coming-of-age.
The teacher praised the student for her mature (성숙한) understanding of the subject.
Experiencing hardship helped him mature (성숙하게 되었다).
This cheese needs to mature (성숙하다) for at least six months.
- Confusing with Physical Growth Only
- Learners might think '성숙하다' only refers to physical growth, like a child growing taller. While it includes physical development, its primary and most common usage is for mental, emotional, and social maturity. For simple physical growth, words like '자라다' (jarada - to grow) are more common.
- Overusing for Food/Drink Maturation
- While '성숙하다' can be used metaphorically for aging food or drink, the more specific and common verb for this is '숙성하다' (sukseonghada). Using '성숙하다' for cheese or wine might sound a bit unusual or poetic to native speakers.
- Using it for Simple Development
- For very basic development or progress, other words might be more appropriate. '성숙하다' implies a higher level of development, often involving wisdom, responsibility, or completeness.
- Incorrect Verb Conjugation
- Like any verb, '성숙하다' needs to be conjugated correctly. Forgetting to add the appropriate endings for past tense, future tense, or politeness levels can lead to grammatical errors. For example, saying '성숙했다' (matured) instead of '성숙하다' (is mature) in the present tense.
- Confusing with Similar Concepts
- Sometimes learners might confuse '성숙하다' with words related to being 'wise' (현명하다 - hyeonmyeonghada) or 'experienced' (경험이 많다 - gyeongheomi manta). While maturity often comes with wisdom and experience, they are distinct concepts.
Incorrect: 아이가 과일을 성숙시켰다.
Correct: 아이가 과일을 먹었다.
Explanation: '성숙시키다' means to make something mature, which is not applicable to a child eating fruit. The focus is on the child's action, not the fruit's maturation.
Incorrect: 그는 아주 성숙해요.
Correct: 그는 아주 성숙해 보여요.
Explanation: '성숙' is a noun (maturity). As an adjective, you need the verb form '성숙하다' or descriptive forms like '성숙해 보이다' (looks mature).
- 자라다 (jarada) - To grow (physically)
- Usage: Primarily refers to physical growth, like a child growing taller or a plant growing bigger. It's less about mental or emotional development.
- Example: 아이가 많이 자랐다. (The child has grown a lot.)
- Comparison: While '성숙하다' can include physical growth, '자라다' specifically focuses on it. A child can '자라다' without necessarily being '성숙하다' emotionally.
- 어른스럽다 (eoreunseureopda) - To be adult-like, mature (in behavior)
- Usage: Describes someone who behaves in a way that is typical of an adult – responsible, calm, and thoughtful. It's about outward behavior.
- Example: 그는 나이에 비해 어른스럽다. (He is adult-like for his age.)
- Comparison: '성숙하다' is more about the internal state of development and maturity, while '어른스럽다' describes the observable behavior that reflects that maturity. Someone can be '성숙하다' internally but not always act '어른스럽다', or vice versa.
- 현명하다 (hyeonmyeonghada) - To be wise
- Usage: Refers to having good judgment, deep understanding, and the ability to make sound decisions, often based on knowledge and experience.
- Example: 그녀는 매우 현명하다. (She is very wise.)
- Comparison: Wisdom ('현명하다') is often a result of maturity ('성숙하다'), but they are not the same. One can be mature without being particularly wise, and wisdom can sometimes be gained without full emotional maturity.
- 익다 (ikda) - To ripen (food), to be seasoned
- Usage: Specifically for food items (like fruit or grains) reaching their peak state of readiness to eat. It can also mean to be seasoned or experienced.
- Example: 이 바나나는 곧 익을 것이다. (This banana will ripen soon.)
- Comparison: '익다' is for literal ripening of food. '성숙하다' is more abstract and applies to people, ideas, or concepts reaching a developed state. While a fruit '익다', a person '성숙하다'.
- 숙성하다 (sukseonghada) - To age, to mature (food/drink)
- Usage: Specifically for the process of aging or developing flavor in food and beverages like wine, cheese, or whiskey.
- Example: 이 치즈는 1년 동안 숙성되었다. (This cheese was aged for one year.)
- Comparison: This is the most direct alternative for the maturation of food and drink, where '성숙하다' might be used metaphorically or less precisely. For people, '성숙하다' is the correct term.
How Formal Is It?
Fun Fact
The concept of 'ripeness' (숙 - suk) is a fundamental metaphor for development across many cultures. In Korean, this 'ripeness' is applied not just to food but also to people, ideas, and even abstract concepts, signifying a state of readiness and completeness.
Pronunciation Guide
- Mispronouncing the vowel sounds, especially 'ㅡ' (eu) and 'ㅗ' (o).
- Incorrectly stressing syllables, making it sound unnatural.
- Confusing Korean 'ㅅ' (s) with English 'sh' or 'z' sounds.
- Adding an 'ng' sound at the end of the first syllable, which is not present.
- Not clearly articulating the final 'da' ending.
Difficulty Rating
At the B1-B2 CEFR level, learners can understand the main points of texts discussing personal development, psychology, or character analysis where '성숙하다' is frequently used. Complex sentences and abstract concepts might require careful reading.
Learners at B1-B2 can start using '성숙하다' in their writing, especially when discussing personal growth or analyzing characters. However, achieving nuance and avoiding common mistakes requires practice.
B1-B2 learners can incorporate '성숙하다' into conversations about personal experiences, opinions, or observations. Fluency and natural usage might take time to develop.
With exposure to Korean media and conversations, B1-B2 learners can typically understand '성숙하다' when spoken, especially in common contexts like discussions about people's behavior or development.
What to Learn Next
Prerequisites
Learn Next
Advanced
Grammar to Know
Using the connective form '-면서' (myeonseo) to describe simultaneous actions or processes, often used with '성숙하다' to show growth over time.
아이가 자라면서 성숙해진다.
Using the passive form '-되다' (doeda) with nouns like '성숙' to indicate the process of becoming mature.
그는 많은 경험을 통해 성숙해졌다.
The use of adverbs like '정서적으로', '정신적으로', '사회적으로' before '성숙하다' to specify the type of maturity.
그녀는 정서적으로 성숙한 사람이다.
The adjective form '-ㄴ/은' (n/eun) attached to '성숙하다' to modify nouns.
그것은 성숙한 결정이었다.
Using '-기 때문에' (gi ttaemune) or '-어서/아서' (eoseo/aseo) to express cause and effect, where maturity is the cause for an action or state.
그녀가 성숙했기 때문에, 우리는 그녀를 믿을 수 있었다.
Examples by Level
이것은 덜 익었다.
This is less ripe.
덜 (deol) - less, 익었다 (ik-eotda) - ripened (past tense of 익다).
아기가 자란다.
The baby is growing.
아기 (agi) - baby, 자란다 (jaranda) - grows (present tense of 자라다).
이것은 준비됐다.
This is ready.
준비됐다 (junbi-dwaetda) - became ready (past tense of 준비되다).
꽃이 폈다.
The flower bloomed.
꽃 (kkot) - flower, 폈다 (pyetda) - bloomed (past tense of 피다).
음식이 맛있다.
The food is delicious.
음식 (eumsik) - food, 맛있다 (masitda) - delicious.
물이 따뜻하다.
The water is warm.
물 (mul) - water, 따뜻하다 (ttatteuthada) - warm.
이것은 크다.
This is big.
크다 (keuda) - big.
이것은 작다.
This is small.
작다 (jakda) - small.
아이는 이제 더 자라서 성숙해 보였다.
The child looked more mature as they grew up.
자라서 (jaraseo) - as they grew up (connective form of 자라다), 성숙해 보였다 (seongsukhae bo-yeotda) - looked mature (past tense of 성숙해 보이다).
그는 그의 나이보다 성숙한 태도를 보였다.
He showed a mature attitude for his age.
나이 (nai) - age, 보다 (boda) - than, 성숙한 (seongsukhan) - mature (adjective form of 성숙하다), 태도 (taedo) - attitude, 보였다 (bo-yeotda) - showed (past tense of 보이다).
이 과일은 아직 덜 익었다.
This fruit hasn't ripened yet.
과일 (gwail) - fruit, 아직 (ajik) - yet, 덜 (deol) - less, 익었다 (ik-eotda) - ripened (past tense of 익다).
시간이 지나면서 그는 성숙했다.
He matured as time passed.
시간 (sigan) - time, 지나면서 (jinamyeonseo) - as it passed, 그는 (geuneun) - he, 성숙했다 (seongsukhaetda) - matured (past tense of 성숙하다).
그녀는 어른스러운 행동을 한다.
She acts in an adult-like manner.
그녀는 (geunyeoneun) - she, 어른스러운 (eoreunseureoun) - adult-like (adjective form of 어른스럽다), 행동을 한다 (haengdongeul handa) - acts (present tense of 행동하다).
이 와인은 더 숙성해야 한다.
This wine needs to age more.
와인 (wain) - wine, 더 (deo) - more, 숙성해야 한다 (sukseonghaeya handa) - needs to age (verb 숙성하다 + necessity ending).
아이들이 자라는 것은 자연스럽다.
It is natural for children to grow.
아이들 (aideul) - children, 자라는 것 (jaraneun geot) - the act of growing, 자연스럽다 (jayeonseureopda) - natural.
그는 경험이 많은 사람이다.
He is an experienced person.
경험 (gyeongheom) - experience, 많은 (maneun) - much/many, 사람이다 (saramida) - is a person.
그는 자신의 감정을 성숙하게 다룰 줄 안다.
She knows how to handle her emotions maturely.
자신의 (jasin-ui) - one's own, 감정 (gamjeong) - emotions, 다룰 줄 안다 (darul jul anda) - knows how to handle.
청소년기의 가장 큰 변화 중 하나는 정신적 성숙이다.
One of the biggest changes in adolescence is mental maturity.
청소년기 (cheongsonyeon-gi) - adolescence, 가장 큰 (gajang keun) - biggest, 변화 (byeonhwa) - change, 중 하나 (jung hana) - one of, 정신적 (jeongsinjeok) - mental, 성숙 (seongsuk) - maturity.
그는 성숙한 판단력을 가지고 있다.
He has mature judgment.
판단력 (pandallyeok) - judgment ability.
이 프로젝트는 충분히 성숙했기 때문에 실행할 수 있다.
This project can be executed because it has sufficiently matured.
프로젝트 (peurojekteu) - project, 충분히 (chungbunhi) - sufficiently, 했기 때문에 (haetgi ttaemune) - because it did, 실행할 수 있다 (silhaenghal su itda) - can execute.
어른이 된다는 것은 단순히 나이가 드는 것 이상으로 성숙하는 것을 의미한다.
Becoming an adult means maturing beyond simply getting older.
어른이 된다는 것 (eoreuni doendaneun geot) - becoming an adult, 단순히 (dansunhi) - simply, 나이가 드는 것 (naiga deuneun geot) - getting older, 이상으로 (isangeuro) - beyond, 의미한다 (uimihada) - means.
그는 어른스럽게 자신의 실수를 인정했다.
He maturely admitted his mistake.
어른스럽게 (eoreunseureopge) - adult-like/maturely (adverb), 실수를 인정했다 (silsu-reul injeonghaetda) - admitted mistake.
아이들이 성숙해지면서 더 많은 책임을 진다.
Children take on more responsibility as they mature.
성숙해지면서 (seongsukhaejimyeonseo) - as they mature (connective form of 성숙해지다).
그의 연설은 매우 통찰력 있고 성숙했다.
His speech was very insightful and mature.
연설 (yeonseol) - speech, 통찰력 있다 (tongchallyeok itda) - insightful.
사회적 성숙은 개인의 책임감과 공동체 의식 발달과 밀접하게 연관되어 있다.
Social maturity is closely linked to the development of an individual's sense of responsibility and community spirit.
사회적 (sahoejeok) - social, 개인의 (gaein-ui) - individual's, 책임감 (chaegimgam) - sense of responsibility, 공동체 의식 (gongdongche uisik) - community spirit, 발달 (baldal) - development, 밀접하게 (miljeop-hage) - closely, 연관되어 있다 (yeongwandoeeo itda) - is linked.
그는 인생의 경험을 통해 깊이 성숙한 인물이 되었다.
Through life experiences, he became a deeply mature person.
인생의 경험 (insaeng-ui gyeongheom) - life experience, 통해 (tonghae) - through, 깊이 (gipi) - deeply, 인물 (inmul) - person/figure, 되었다 (doeeotda) - became.
이 예술 작품은 작가의 정신적 성숙을 반영한다.
This artwork reflects the artist's mental maturity.
예술 작품 (yesul jakpum) - artwork, 작가 (jakga) - artist, 반영한다 (banyeonghanda) - reflects.
문화적 배경은 개인의 성숙 과정에 상당한 영향을 미친다.
Cultural background significantly influences the process of an individual's maturity.
문화적 배경 (munhwajeok baegyeong) - cultural background, 과정 (gwajeong) - process, 상당한 (sangdanghan) - significant, 영향을 미친다 (yeonghyangeul michinda) - influences.
어린 시절의 트라우마는 성인이 되어서도 성숙에 장애물이 될 수 있다.
Childhood trauma can be an obstacle to maturity even in adulthood.
어린 시절 (eorin sijeol) - childhood, 트라우마 (teurama) - trauma, 성인이 되어서도 (seongin-i doeeoseodo) - even after becoming an adult, 장애물 (jang-aemul) - obstacle, 될 수 있다 (doel su itda) - can become.
그의 음악은 초기 작품에 비해 훨씬 더 성숙해졌다.
His music has become much more mature compared to his early works.
음악 (eumak) - music, 초기 작품 (chogi jakpum) - early works, 에 비해 (e bihae) - compared to, 훨씬 더 (hwolssin deo) - much more, 성숙해졌다 (seongsukhaejyeotda) - became mature (past tense of 성숙해지다).
진정한 성숙은 외부의 시련을 극복하는 과정에서 이루어진다.
True maturity is achieved in the process of overcoming external trials.
진정한 (jinjeonghan) - true, 외부의 (oebu-ui) - external, 시련 (siryeon) - trials, 극복하는 과정 (geukbokhaneun gwajeong) - process of overcoming, 이루어진다 (irueojinda) - is achieved/made.
그는 냉철한 분석과 성숙한 태도로 문제를 해결했다.
He solved the problem with a cool-headed analysis and a mature attitude.
냉철한 (naengcheolhan) - cool-headed, 분석 (bunseok) - analysis, 태도 (taedo) - attitude, 문제를 해결했다 (munje-reul haegyeolhaetda) - solved the problem.
개인의 정서적 성숙은 타인과의 관계 형성에 있어 필수적인 요소이다.
An individual's emotional maturity is an essential element in forming relationships with others.
정서적 (jeongseojeok) - emotional, 관계 형성 (gwangye hyeongseong) - relationship formation, 있어 (isseo) - in (formal), 필수적인 (pilsujeogin) - essential, 요소 (yoso) - element.
그의 후기 작품은 초기 작품과는 달리 깊이 있는 성숙함을 보여준다.
His later works, unlike his early ones, show a deep maturity.
후기 작품 (hugi jakpum) - later works, 초기 작품과는 달리 (chogi jakpum-gwaneun dalli) - unlike early works, 깊이 있는 (gipi inneun) - deep, 성숙함 (seongsukham) - maturity (noun form).
진정한 리더십은 권위적인 태도가 아닌 성숙한 포용력에서 나온다.
True leadership comes not from an authoritative attitude, but from mature inclusiveness.
진정한 리더십 (jinjeonghan rideosip) - true leadership, 권위적인 (gwonwijeogin) - authoritative, 포용력 (poyongnyeok) - inclusiveness/tolerance.
그는 자신의 한계를 인지하고 겸허하게 성숙하려는 노력을 지속한다.
He recognizes his limitations and continuously strives to mature humbly.
한계 (hangye) - limitations, 인지하고 (injihago) - recognizing, 겸허하게 (gyeomheohage) - humbly, 노력을 지속한다 (noryeokeul jisokhanda) - continues efforts.
사회적 성숙은 복잡한 사회 현상을 이해하는 데 필수적이다.
Social maturity is essential for understanding complex social phenomena.
복잡한 (bokjapan) - complex, 사회 현상 (sahoe hyeonsang) - social phenomena, 이해하는 데 (ihaehaneun de) - for understanding.
시간의 흐름 속에서 그의 예술적 감각은 놀라울 정도로 성숙했다.
Over the flow of time, his artistic sense has matured surprisingly.
시간의 흐름 속에서 (sigan-ui heureum sogeseo) - within the flow of time, 예술적 감각 (yesuljeok gamgak) - artistic sense, 놀라울 정도로 (nollaul jeongdoro) - surprisingly.
개인의 성숙 과정은 비선형적이며, 때로는 퇴행의 양상을 보이기도 한다.
The process of personal maturity is non-linear and sometimes shows aspects of regression.
과정 (gwajeong) - process, 비선형적이며 (biseonhyeongjeogimyeo) - is non-linear and, 때로는 (ttaeroneun) - sometimes, 퇴행 (toehang) - regression, 양상 (yansang) - aspect/pattern, 보이기도 한다 (boigido handa) - also shows.
그는 이기적인 모습에서 이타적인 모습으로 성숙해갔다.
He matured from a selfish person to an altruistic one.
이기적인 (igijeogin) - selfish, 이타적인 (itajeogin) - altruistic, 모습 (moseup) - appearance/aspect, 성숙해갔다 (seongsukhaegatda) - went on maturing (past tense of 성숙해가다).
인간의 정신적 성숙은 단순한 지식의 축적이 아니라, 존재론적 이해의 심화 과정이다.
Human mental maturity is not merely an accumulation of knowledge, but a process of deepening existential understanding.
정신적 성숙 (jeongsinjeok seongsuk) - mental maturity, 단순한 (dansunhan) - simple, 지식의 축적 (jisik-ui chukjeok) - accumulation of knowledge, 아니라 (anira) - not, 존재론적 이해 (jonjaeronjeok ihae) - existential understanding, 심화 과정 (simhwa gwajeong) - deepening process.
그는 다층적인 경험을 통해 복합적인 인격적 성숙을 이루었다.
Through multi-layered experiences, he achieved complex personal maturity.
다층적인 (dacheungjeogin) - multi-layered, 복합적인 (bokhapjeogin) - complex, 인격적 성숙 (ingyeokjeok seongsuk) - personal maturity, 이루었다 (irueotda) - achieved.
문학 작품은 종종 인물의 내면적 성숙 과정을 섬세하게 묘사한다.
Literary works often delicately depict the process of a character's inner maturity.
문학 작품 (munhak jakpum) - literary works, 종종 (jongjong) - often, 인물의 (inmul-ui) - of the character, 내면적 성숙 (naemyeonjeok seongsuk) - inner maturity, 과정 (gwajeong) - process, 섬세하게 (seomsehage) - delicately, 묘사한다 (myosahanda) - depicts.
사회적 성숙은 갈등 상황에서 감정적 통제와 이성적 판단의 균형을 요구한다.
Social maturity requires a balance of emotional control and rational judgment in conflict situations.
갈등 상황 (galdeung sanghwang) - conflict situation, 감정적 통제 (gamjeongjeok tongje) - emotional control, 이성적 판단 (iseongjeok pandan) - rational judgment, 균형 (gyunhyeong) - balance, 요구한다 (yoguhada) - requires.
그의 철학적 사유는 고도의 성숙을 거쳐 형성되었다.
His philosophical thought was formed through a high degree of maturity.
철학적 사유 (cheolhakjeok sayu) - philosophical thought, 고도의 (godoui) - high degree of, 거쳐 (geochyeo) - through/after passing, 형성되었다 (hyeongseongdoeeotda) - was formed.
개인의 성숙 과정은 비선형적이며, 때로는 퇴행의 양상을 보이기도 한다.
The process of personal maturity is non-linear and sometimes shows aspects of regression.
과정 (gwajeong) - process, 비선형적이며 (biseonhyeongjeogimyeo) - is non-linear and, 때로는 (ttaeroneun) - sometimes, 퇴행 (toehang) - regression, 양상 (yansang) - aspect/pattern, 보이기도 한다 (boigido handa) - also shows.
문화적 성숙이란 타 문화에 대한 이해와 존중을 바탕으로 한다.
Cultural maturity is based on understanding and respect for other cultures.
문화적 성숙 (munhwajeok seongsuk) - cultural maturity, 타 문화 (ta munhwa) - other cultures, 대한 (daehan) - about/towards, 이해 (ihae) - understanding, 존중 (jonjung) - respect, 바탕으로 한다 (batangeuro handa) - is based on.
그의 작품은 기술적 완벽함을 넘어선 인간적 성숙의 깊이를 담고 있다.
His work contains a depth of human maturity beyond technical perfection.
기술적 완벽함 (gisuljeok wanbyeokham) - technical perfection, 넘어선 (neomeoseon) - beyond, 인간적 성숙 (inganajeok seongsuk) - human maturity, 깊이 (gipi) - depth, 담고 있다 (damgo itda) - contains/holds.
Common Collocations
Common Phrases
— To be mature; to have fully developed.
그는 나이에 비해 매우 성숙하다.
— To become mature; to reach maturity.
경험을 통해 그는 더 성숙해졌다.
— A mature person.
그는 성숙한 사람으로 알려져 있다.
— A mature attitude.
그녀는 어려운 상황에서도 성숙한 태도를 보였다.
— Mature judgment.
그는 성숙한 판단으로 문제를 해결했다.
— To be emotionally mature.
아이들은 정서적으로 성숙해지는 데 시간이 걸린다.
— To be mentally mature.
단순히 나이가 많다고 해서 정신적으로 성숙한 것은 아니다.
— To be socially mature.
학교는 아이들이 사회적으로 성숙하는 데 도움을 준다.
— To be less mature; immature.
그의 생각은 아직 덜 성숙하다.
— To be sufficiently mature.
이 와인은 마시기 전에 충분히 성숙해야 한다.
Often Confused With
'성숙하다' implies mental and emotional development, while '자라다' primarily refers to physical growth. A child can '자라다' without being '성숙하다'.
'성숙하다' is about the internal state of development, whereas '어른스럽다' describes outward behavior that appears mature. One can act '어른스럽게' without being fully '성숙하다', or vice versa.
'익다' is used for food ripening. '성숙하다' is for people, ideas, or abstract concepts reaching a developed state. Using '익다' for people would be incorrect.
Idioms & Expressions
— To mature from the very beginning; to be mature from a young age. Literally 'to mature from the cotyledon (seed leaf)'.
그녀는 어릴 때부터 떡잎부터 성숙한 모습을 보였다.
Figurative, descriptive— To reach full bloom and bear fruit; to mature and yield results. While not directly using '성숙하다', it describes the outcome of growth and maturation.
그의 오랜 노력 끝에 마침내 꽃 피고 열매를 맺었다.
Figurative, metaphorical— To have depth of character; to be thoughtful and mature. Literally 'inside is deep'.
그는 말수는 적지만 속이 깊은 사람이다.
Idiomatic, descriptive— To be adult-like; to act maturely. This is a common descriptor for maturity in behavior.
그녀는 나이에 비해 훨씬 어른스럽다.
Common descriptor— To do one's part; to be responsible and contribute as expected. This implies a level of maturity and capability.
이제 그는 제 몫을 할 수 있는 나이가 되었다.
Idiomatic, related to responsibility— To become sensible; to mature and understand responsibilities. A common colloquialism for reaching maturity.
언제쯤 철들래?
Colloquial, implies reaching maturity— To have a sense of responsibility. This is a key component of maturity.
성숙한 사람은 책임감을 가진다.
Descriptive, key aspect of maturity— To understand the ways of the world; to be experienced and worldly-wise. This often comes with maturity.
그는 어려서부터 세상을 일찍 알았다.
Idiomatic, related to experience and maturity— To be thoughtful; to have deep thoughts. Similar to '속이 깊다', it implies a mature mind.
그녀는 생각이 깊은 사람이라 조언을 잘 해준다.
Descriptive, relates to mature thinking— To get on track in earnest; to start functioning properly and effectively. This can apply to projects or plans that have matured.
이 프로젝트는 이제 본격적으로 궤도에 오를 것이다.
Figurative, implies readiness after developmentEasily Confused
Both relate to growth and development.
'성숙하다' focuses on the quality of development, particularly mental and emotional, implying completion and wisdom. '자라다' is more general and primarily refers to physical growth or increase in size. You can '자라다' without being '성숙하다'.
아이가 <mark class='bg-red-200 dark:bg-red-800 px-0.5 rounded'>자라서</mark> <mark class='bg-red-200 dark:bg-red-800 px-0.5 rounded'>성숙해</mark> 보였다. (The child looked mature as they grew up.)
Both describe traits associated with adults and maturity.
'성숙하다' refers to the state of being developed mentally and emotionally, an internal quality. '어른스럽다' describes behavior or actions that are characteristic of an adult, an external manifestation. Someone can behave '어른스럽게' without being fully '성숙하다', or be '성숙하다' internally but not always act '어른스럽게'.
그는 <mark class='bg-red-200 dark:bg-red-800 px-0.5 rounded'>성숙한</mark> <mark class='bg-red-200 dark:bg-red-800 px-0.5 rounded'>생각</mark>을 하지만, 행동은 아직 <mark class='bg-red-200 dark:bg-red-800 px-0.5 rounded'>어른스럽지</mark> 못하다.
These words are related to things becoming ready or developed, similar to how people mature.
'익다' is for food ripening (e.g., fruit). '숙성하다' is for aging food/drink (e.g., wine, cheese). '성숙하다' is for people, abstract concepts, or projects reaching a developed state. You would not say a person '익었다' or '숙성했다' in the literal sense.
이 과일은 <mark class='bg-red-200 dark:bg-red-800 px-0.5 rounded'>잘 익었다</mark>. (This fruit ripened well.) vs. 그는 <mark class='bg-red-200 dark:bg-red-800 px-0.5 rounded'>성숙했다</mark>. (He matured.)
Maturity often leads to wisdom.
'성숙하다' is about reaching a developed state of mind and emotion, often involving responsibility and understanding. '현명하다' specifically refers to having good judgment, deep insight, and the ability to make wise decisions, which is a consequence or characteristic of maturity, but not the definition itself.
그녀는 <mark class='bg-red-200 dark:bg-red-800 px-0.5 rounded'>성숙한</mark> 사람이라 <mark class='bg-red-200 dark:bg-red-800 px-0.5 rounded'>현명한</mark> 조언을 해줄 수 있다.
Both words relate to development and growth.
'성숙하다' implies reaching a state of full development, often with an emphasis on completeness, wisdom, and emotional/social readiness. '발달하다' is a more general term for development or progress, which can be physical, mental, or skill-based, and doesn't necessarily imply the same level of completion or qualitative change as '성숙하다'.
아이의 신체는 <mark class='bg-red-200 dark:bg-red-800 px-0.5 rounded'>발달</mark>했지만, 아직 <mark class='bg-red-200 dark:bg-red-800 px-0.5 rounded'>성숙</mark>하지는 않았다.
Sentence Patterns
Subject + (Time/Experience) + 에 따라 + 성숙하다.
시간이 지나면서 아이는 <mark class='bg-blue-200 dark:bg-blue-800 px-0.5 rounded'>성숙했다</mark>.
Subject + (Adverb) + 성숙하다.
그녀는 <mark class='bg-blue-200 dark:bg-blue-800 px-0.5 rounded'>정서적으로</mark> <mark class='bg-blue-200 dark:bg-blue-800 px-0.5 rounded'>성숙한</mark> 태도를 보였다.
Noun + 은/는 + 성숙 + 이다.
가장 중요한 것은 <mark class='bg-blue-200 dark:bg-blue-800 px-0.5 rounded'>정신적</mark> <mark class='bg-blue-200 dark:bg-blue-800 px-0.5 rounded'>성숙</mark>이다.
Subject + (Noun) + 을/를 통해 + 성숙하다.
그는 <mark class='bg-blue-200 dark:bg-blue-800 px-0.5 rounded'>인생의 경험</mark>을 통해 <mark class='bg-blue-200 dark:bg-blue-800 px-0.5 rounded'>성숙했다</mark>.
Subject + (Noun) + 에서 + 성숙하다.
이 예술 작품은 작가의 <mark class='bg-blue-200 dark:bg-blue-800 px-0.5 rounded'>정신적</mark> <mark class='bg-blue-200 dark:bg-blue-800 px-0.5 rounded'>성숙</mark>을 보여준다.
Subject + (Noun) + 과정 + 에 + 따라 + 성숙하다.
개인의 <mark class='bg-blue-200 dark:bg-blue-800 px-0.5 rounded'>사회적</mark> <mark class='bg-blue-200 dark:bg-blue-800 px-0.5 rounded'>성숙</mark> <mark class='bg-blue-200 dark:bg-blue-800 px-0.5 rounded'>과정</mark>은 복잡하다.
Noun + 은/는 + Noun + 을/를 + 넘어선 + 성숙 + 을/를 + 담고 있다.
그의 작품은 기술적 완벽함을 넘어선 <mark class='bg-blue-200 dark:bg-blue-800 px-0.5 rounded'>인간적</mark> <mark class='bg-blue-200 dark:bg-blue-800 px-0.5 rounded'>성숙</mark>을 담고 있다.
Subject + (Noun) + (Adverb) + 성숙 + 을/를 + 거쳐 + 형성되다.
그의 철학적 사유는 <mark class='bg-blue-200 dark:bg-blue-800 px-0.5 rounded'>고도의</mark> <mark class='bg-blue-200 dark:bg-blue-800 px-0.5 rounded'>성숙</mark>을 거쳐 형성되었다.
Word Family
Nouns
Verbs
Adjectives
Related
How to Use It
High, especially when discussing personal development, character, and growth.
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Using '성숙하다' for physical growth instead of '자라다'.
→
아이가 <mark class='bg-red-200 dark:bg-red-800 px-0.5 rounded'>자랐다</mark>.
'성숙하다' emphasizes mental and emotional development, not just physical increase. '자라다' is for growing taller or bigger.
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Using '성숙하다' for aging food/drink instead of '숙성하다' or '익다'.
→
이 와인은 <mark class='bg-red-200 dark:bg-red-800 px-0.5 rounded'>숙성</mark>해야 한다.
'성숙하다' is for people and abstract concepts. '숙성하다' is specifically for aging food/drinks, and '익다' is for ripening.
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Confusing the noun '성숙' with the verb '성숙하다'.
→
그녀는 <mark class='bg-red-200 dark:bg-red-800 px-0.5 rounded'>정신적으로</mark> <mark class='bg-red-200 dark:bg-red-800 px-0.5 rounded'>성숙</mark>했다.
'성숙' is the noun (maturity), while '성숙하다' is the verb (to be mature). You need the verb form to complete a sentence describing a state of being.
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Using '성숙하다' when '어른스럽다' would be more precise for behavior.
→
그는 <mark class='bg-red-200 dark:bg-red-800 px-0.5 rounded'>어른스럽게</mark> 행동했다.
'성숙하다' is about internal development. '어른스럽다' describes outward behavior that appears mature. The correct usage depends on whether you're referring to the internal state or external actions.
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Incorrect conjugation, e.g., using the base form in past tense.
→
그는 <mark class='bg-red-200 dark:bg-red-800 px-0.5 rounded'>성숙했다</mark>.
Verbs need proper conjugation for tense and politeness. '성숙했다' is the past tense, not '성숙했다'.
Tips
Distinguish from Physical Growth
Remember that '성숙하다' emphasizes mental, emotional, and social development, not just physical growth. While physical maturity is part of it, the core meaning lies in the development of understanding, responsibility, and a balanced perspective. Use '자라다' for simple physical growth.
Food vs. People
While '성숙하다' can be used metaphorically for concepts or projects, it's best to use specific verbs for food: '익다' for ripening (like fruit) and '숙성하다' for aging (like wine or cheese). Using '성숙하다' for food might sound odd to native speakers.
Verb Forms Matter
Pay attention to verb conjugations. '성숙하다' (to be mature), '성숙해지다' (to become mature), and '성숙한' (mature - adjective) all have different grammatical functions and are used in different sentence structures. Practice using them correctly.
Nuances of Maturity
Understand the subtle differences between '성숙하다', '어른스럽다', and '철들다'. '성숙하다' is about internal development, '어른스럽다' about behavior, and '철들다' is a more colloquial term for becoming sensible and responsible.
Connect to Ripeness
Associate '성숙하다' with the idea of a fruit reaching its peak ripeness. Just as a ripe fruit is complete and ready, a mature person has reached a state of full development and readiness in their mind and emotions.
Value of Maturity
In Korean culture, maturity is highly valued. Recognize that discussions about personal growth, respect for elders, and responsible behavior often involve the concept of '성숙'.
Practice in Context
Try to use '성숙하다' when describing characters in K-dramas or movies, or when discussing personal experiences and changes. This will help solidify its meaning and usage.
Understanding Immaturity
Learning the antonyms like '미성숙하다' (immature), '철없다' (childish), and '유치하다' (juvenile) helps clarify the meaning of '성숙하다' by contrast.
Beyond People
Be aware that '성숙하다' can sometimes describe abstract things like ideas or projects that have developed fully. For example, 'This plan is not yet mature.' (이 계획은 아직 성숙하지 않았다.)
Syllable Stress
Remember that the primary stress in '성숙하다' falls on the second syllable: 성숙하다. Practicing this stress pattern will make your pronunciation more natural.
Memorize It
Mnemonic
Think of a fruit 'ripening' (숙 - suk). When a person '성숙하다', they are like a fruit that has fully ripened, ready to be enjoyed and having reached its full potential. The '성' (seong) can remind you of 'success' or 'completion' – a successful, complete stage of growth.
Visual Association
Imagine a tall, strong tree that has grown from a small sapling. It's not just tall (자라다), but its branches are strong, its leaves are healthy, and it provides ample shade – it is '성숙하다'. Or picture a wine bottle aging in a cellar, its contents becoming richer and more complex over time.
Word Web
Challenge
Try to describe the maturity level of different characters in a K-drama using the word '성숙하다' and its related forms. For example, 'The protagonist was immature at first, but through hardship, she became very 성숙하다.' or 'His early decisions were 미성숙했지만, now he makes 성숙한 choices.'
Word Origin
The word '성숙하다' is derived from Hanja (Chinese characters used in Korean). The Hanja characters are '成熟' (seongseung). '成' (seong) means 'to accomplish' or 'to become', and '熟' (suk) means 'ripe' or 'matured'. Together, they literally mean 'to become ripe' or 'to accomplish ripeness'.
Original meaning: Literally 'to become ripe', initially applied to fruits and crops. Over time, its meaning extended to physical growth and then to mental, emotional, and social development.
Sino-Korean (derived from Hanja)Cultural Context
When discussing maturity, be mindful of generalizing. While cultural norms exist, individual maturity levels vary greatly. Avoid making assumptions about someone's maturity based solely on their age or background. Use '성숙하다' respectfully when describing personal development.
In English-speaking cultures, maturity is also highly regarded, often associated with independence, responsibility, and emotional stability. The phrase 'coming of age' signifies the transition into adulthood and maturity. While age is a factor, maturity is often seen as a personal journey of growth and learning.
Practice in Real Life
Real-World Contexts
Discussing personal growth and life experiences.
- 어떻게 그렇게 성숙해졌어요?
- 경험을 통해 많이 성숙했어요.
- 아직 덜 성숙한 것 같아요.
- 성숙해지는 과정이에요.
Describing character development in stories or real life.
- 주인공이 성숙해가는 모습이 인상 깊었어요.
- 그는 성숙한 사람입니다.
- 어릴 때는 미성숙했지만 지금은 달라요.
- 성숙한 리더십을 보여주었습니다.
Talking about children's development.
- 아이가 성숙해지는 것이 느껴져요.
- 성숙한 태도를 보여주네요.
- 아직 성숙할 시간이 필요해요.
- 정서적으로 성숙하는 중이에요.
Analyzing abstract concepts or projects.
- 이 아이디어는 아직 성숙하지 않았어요.
- 프로젝트가 충분히 성숙되기를 기다려야 해요.
- 그의 작품은 깊은 성숙함을 보여줍니다.
- 이 계획은 아직 성숙 단계에 있습니다.
Comparing maturity levels.
- 그는 동갑내기 친구들보다 더 성숙해요.
- 나이가 많다고 무조건 성숙한 것은 아니에요.
- 성숙함과 어른스러움의 차이.
- 그의 성숙한 발언에 놀랐어요.
Discussing the aging of food or drink (using related terms).
- 이 치즈는 더 숙성해야 해요.
- 와인이 잘 익었어요.
- 이 음식은 충분히 익었나요?
Conversation Starters
"What does it mean to be truly mature in your opinion?"
"How do you think life experiences contribute to a person's maturity?"
"Can someone be physically grown but mentally immature? Give an example."
"What are some signs of emotional maturity you look for in people?"
"Do you believe maturity is something you achieve at a certain age, or is it a continuous process?"
Journal Prompts
Reflect on a time when you felt you significantly matured. What happened, and how did it change your perspective?
Describe a character from a book or movie who you believe exemplifies maturity. What qualities do they possess?
Consider an aspect of your life where you feel you are still immature. What steps can you take to develop more in that area?
How does culture influence the definition and perception of maturity?
Write about a piece of advice you received that helped you mature or understand something better.
Frequently Asked Questions
10 questionsWhile '성숙하다' is most commonly used for people to describe their mental, emotional, and social development, it can also be used metaphorically for abstract concepts, ideas, projects, or even plans that have reached a state of full development or readiness. For example, '이 아이디어는 아직 성숙하지 않았다.' (This idea is not yet mature.) However, for the literal aging of food or drink, '숙성하다' or '익다' are more specific.
'성숙하다' (seongsukada) refers to the internal state of being developed mentally and emotionally, implying wisdom, understanding, and self-control. '어른스럽다' (eoreunseureopda) describes outward behavior that is characteristic of an adult, such as being responsible and thoughtful. You can be '성숙하다' internally without always acting '어른스럽게', or vice versa.
While '성숙하다' can encompass physical development as part of overall maturity, it's not the primary word for simple physical growth. For that, '자라다' (jarada - to grow) is more common. '성숙하다' emphasizes the completion of development and the attainment of a mature state, especially mentally and emotionally.
Use '성숙하다' for people reaching developmental milestones (mental, emotional, social maturity), and for abstract things like ideas or projects reaching completion. Use '익다' (ikda) for food ripening (like fruit). Use '숙성하다' (sukseonghada) for the process of aging food or drinks like wine, cheese, or whiskey.
Generally, yes. '성숙하다' implies a positive development towards wisdom, responsibility, and emotional balance. It is used to describe a desirable state of being, especially in adults. The opposite, '미성숙하다' (immature), is usually seen as a negative trait, especially when it persists beyond childhood.
The noun form is '성숙' (seongsuk), which means 'maturity' or 'ripeness'. You can use it like: '그녀의 정신적 성숙' (her mental maturity) or '이 과일은 아직 성숙이 덜 되었다' (this fruit is not yet sufficiently ripe).
'성숙하다' describes the state of being mature. '성숙해지다' (seongsukhaejida) describes the process of becoming mature. It emphasizes the transition or change from a less mature state to a more mature one. For example, '그는 시간이 지나면서 성숙해졌다.' (He became mature as time passed.)
Yes, it can be used for animals when referring to their physical development reaching adulthood or a state where they can reproduce or function fully. However, it's less common than for people, and '자라다' (to grow) is often used for general animal growth.
Common mistakes include confusing it with physical growth only (using '자라다' instead), overusing it for food maturation (where '숙성하다' is better), and incorrect verb conjugations. Also, confusing the noun '성숙' with the verb '성숙하다'.
In most contexts, maturity is viewed positively, associated with wisdom, responsibility, and emotional stability. However, the concept can be complex. Sometimes, excessive maturity might be perceived as a loss of youthful spontaneity, or maturity might be used to justify stoicism that prevents emotional expression. Generally, though, '성숙하다' is a positive descriptor.
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Summary
'성숙하다' signifies reaching a state of full development, primarily referring to mental, emotional, and social maturity in people, but also applicable to abstract concepts or projects that have become well-developed and complete.
- Reaching full physical and mental development.
- Developing wisdom, understanding, and responsibility.
- Often used for personal growth and emotional maturity.
- Can also apply to ideas or projects reaching completion.
Distinguish from Physical Growth
Remember that '성숙하다' emphasizes mental, emotional, and social development, not just physical growth. While physical maturity is part of it, the core meaning lies in the development of understanding, responsibility, and a balanced perspective. Use '자라다' for simple physical growth.
Food vs. People
While '성숙하다' can be used metaphorically for concepts or projects, it's best to use specific verbs for food: '익다' for ripening (like fruit) and '숙성하다' for aging (like wine or cheese). Using '성숙하다' for food might sound odd to native speakers.
Verb Forms Matter
Pay attention to verb conjugations. '성숙하다' (to be mature), '성숙해지다' (to become mature), and '성숙한' (mature - adjective) all have different grammatical functions and are used in different sentence structures. Practice using them correctly.
Nuances of Maturity
Understand the subtle differences between '성숙하다', '어른스럽다', and '철들다'. '성숙하다' is about internal development, '어른스럽다' about behavior, and '철들다' is a more colloquial term for becoming sensible and responsible.
Example
그녀는 나이에 비해 매우 성숙한 사고방식을 가지고 있다.
