To apply a substance onto a surface or to scribble over something.
Word in 30 Seconds
- To apply a substance like cream or paint onto a surface.
- To smear or cover something with a liquid or paste.
- To scribble or erase text in a messy way.
1) 概述：涂抹是一个动作动词，强调将液体、膏状或粉状物质施加于某物表面。该词在日常生活中使用频率极高，涵盖了从护肤到艺术创作的多种场景。
2) 使用模式：该动词通常带宾语，如“涂抹防晒霜”、“涂抹油漆”。在抽象用法中，它也可以指对文字或图像的修改、掩盖或胡乱书写。
3) 常见语境：在生活场景中，常用于护肤品（如面霜、润唇膏）或医药（如药膏、碘酒）的使用；在艺术和工业场景中，指粉刷墙壁或绘画；在书面语中，常用于描述为了掩盖错误而进行的涂改，或形容字迹潦草。
4) 近义词辨析：与“涂”相比，“涂抹”动作感更强，强调过程的覆盖性；与“涂改”相比，“涂抹”侧重于动作本身，而“涂改”侧重于改变原意；与“擦”相比，“涂抹”是增加物质，而“擦”通常是清洁或移除物质。
Examples
洗完澡后，我在全身涂抹了润肤乳。
everydayI applied body lotion all over after my shower.
请勿在文物表面涂抹任何化学试剂。
formalPlease do not apply any chemical reagents to the surface of the artifacts.
他随手在纸上涂抹了几笔，画出了一只猫。
informalHe scribbled a few strokes on the paper and drew a cat.
该文书存在多处被涂抹的痕迹，证据效力存疑。
academicThe document shows signs of multiple erasures/smears, casting doubt on its validity.
Common Collocations
Common Phrases
随意涂抹
Scribble aimlessly
涂抹防晒
Apply sunscreen
涂抹痕迹
Traces of smearing
Often Confused With
Specifically refers to erasing or altering written text. '涂抹' is broader and focuses on the physical application.
Refers specifically to painting walls or large surfaces. '涂抹' is more common for small areas or personal items.
Grammar Patterns
How to Use It
Usage Notes
The word is neutral in register but leans towards formal when discussing document tampering. In daily life, it is a standard verb for skincare and medicine. Avoid using it for cleaning tasks where '擦' is more appropriate.
Common Mistakes
Learners often confuse '涂抹' with '擦' (to wipe). Remember that '涂抹' adds something to a surface, while '擦' usually removes something. Also, do not use it to mean 'painting a picture' in a professional artistic sense.
Tips
Focus on the physical action
Think of the physical sensation of spreading a cream on your skin. This helps distinguish it from simply 'painting' a wall.
Avoid using it for cleaning
Do not use '涂抹' when you mean to wipe or clean something off. Use '擦' for cleaning purposes instead.
Medical and cosmetic usage
In Chinese culture, '涂抹' is the standard verb for applying traditional Chinese herbal ointments. It carries a sense of careful, therapeutic application.
Word Origin
The character '涂' originally relates to mud or clay, while '抹' relates to the hand motion of leveling or wiping. Combined, they describe the action of spreading substances like paste or paint.
Cultural Context
In Chinese households, parents often use the phrase '涂抹药膏' when caring for children's minor injuries, making it a word associated with care and healing.
Memory Tip
Think of '涂' as a brush and '抹' as a hand smoothing something out. Together, they describe the act of applying a cream or paint smoothly.
Frequently Asked Questions
4 questions“涂”是一个更通用的词，可以指任何涂刷行为。而“涂抹”强调动作的覆盖过程，常用于化妆品或药膏等需要均匀施加的场景。
可以，但通常带有一定的贬义或强调手法随意。如果指艺术创作，通常用“绘画”或“涂鸦”。
可以直接说“涂抹乳液”或“在脸上涂抹精华”。这是一个非常地道的表达方式。
有，当指代“涂抹事实”或“乱涂乱画”时，它暗示了掩盖真相或行为不规范。
Test Yourself
出门前，记得在脸上___一层防晒霜。
防晒霜需要施加在皮肤上，用“涂抹”最准确。
下列哪种情况不适合用“涂抹”？
灰尘是需要清理的，应该用“擦拭”而不是“涂抹”。
请用“涂抹”造一个关于伤口的句子。
这是一个完整的动作描述，符合逻辑。
Score: /3
Summary
To apply a substance onto a surface or to scribble over something.
- To apply a substance like cream or paint onto a surface.
- To smear or cover something with a liquid or paste.
- To scribble or erase text in a messy way.
Focus on the physical action
Think of the physical sensation of spreading a cream on your skin. This helps distinguish it from simply 'painting' a wall.
Avoid using it for cleaning
Do not use '涂抹' when you mean to wipe or clean something off. Use '擦' for cleaning purposes instead.
Medical and cosmetic usage
In Chinese culture, '涂抹' is the standard verb for applying traditional Chinese herbal ointments. It carries a sense of careful, therapeutic application.
Examples
4 of 4洗完澡后，我在全身涂抹了润肤乳。
I applied body lotion all over after my shower.
请勿在文物表面涂抹任何化学试剂。
Please do not apply any chemical reagents to the surface of the artifacts.
他随手在纸上涂抹了几笔，画出了一只猫。
He scribbled a few strokes on the paper and drew a cat.
该文书存在多处被涂抹的痕迹，证据效力存疑。
The document shows signs of multiple erasures/smears, casting doubt on its validity.
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This Word in Other Languages
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