The word describes the movement of diseases or intangible influences between individuals.
Word in 30 Seconds
- Refers to the spread of diseases from one person to another.
- Can metaphorically describe the spread of emotions or habits.
- Commonly used in health, safety, and social contexts.
1) 概述：传染是一个生物学术语，描述病原体（如细菌、病毒）从感染源传播给易感个体的过程。在日常生活中，它不仅指生理上的疾病传播，还常用于隐喻，描述某种情绪、氛围或行为在人群中的快速扩散。
2) 使用模式：传染通常作为及物动词使用，结构为“A传染给B”或“A传染B”。例如，“感冒容易传染给别人”或“他把流感传染给了同事”。在被动语态中，常说“被传染了”。
3) 常见语境：最常见的语境是公共卫生与医疗，用于警告或描述疾病预防，如“注意卫生，防止传染”。在社交语境中，它常用于描述积极或消极的情绪，如“他的快乐情绪传染了全场”。
4) 近义词辨析：“传染”强调病原体的传播，“传播”范围更广，可指信息、文化、思想的扩散。而“感染”更多侧重于个体被病原体侵入后的状态，即结果。
Examples
流感季节要注意防护，避免传染。
everydayTake precautions during flu season to avoid infection.
这种疾病的传染途径尚不明确。
formalThe transmission route of this disease is not yet clear.
他的笑声很有传染力。
informalHis laughter is contagious.
研究表明，该病毒的传染速度极快。
academicStudies show that the virus spreads extremely quickly.
Common Collocations
Common Phrases
传染病医院
Infectious disease hospital
交叉传染
Cross-infection
Often Confused With
Refers to the spreading of information, culture, or ideas rather than biological diseases.
Focuses on the state of being infected by a pathogen rather than the act of spreading it.
Grammar Patterns
How to Use It
Usage Notes
Use '传染' when talking about the movement of germs between people. It is neutral in register but often carries a warning tone in health contexts. When used metaphorically, it is positive or neutral.
Common Mistakes
Learners often use '传播' for physical diseases, which is technically incorrect. Remember that '传染' is for biological agents, while '传播' is for abstract concepts.
Tips
Use for emotions too
Don't limit this word to medicine. Use it to describe how laughter or excitement spreads in a group.
Avoid medical confusion
Ensure you distinguish between the act of spreading (传染) and the state of being sick (生病).
Public health awareness
In Chinese culture, emphasizing the prevention of 传染 is a common way to show care for others' health.
Word Origin
The character 传 means to pass on, and 染 means to dye or stain. Together, they represent the process of 'staining' someone else with a disease.
Cultural Context
In Chinese society, mentioning '传染' often implies a responsibility to protect others, reflecting the collectivist value of public health.
Memory Tip
Think of a 'chain' (传) that connects people (染). Once the chain is linked, the illness moves from one to the next.
Frequently Asked Questions
4 questions传染强调的是传播的过程，即从一个人传给另一个人。感染则强调个体被病毒或细菌侵入后的状态，侧重于结果。
可以。虽然它多指疾病，但常用于描述积极的情绪，如“他的热情传染了大家”，表示这种积极情绪影响了周围的人。
最常用的结构是“把某物传染给某人”或者“某人被某人传染了”。注意不要将其与抽象概念的“传播”混淆。
通常用“传染性”来描述某种疾病或情绪是否容易传播。例如，“这种疾病具有很强的传染性”。
Test Yourself
如果不注意卫生，流感很容易___给家人。
传染用于人与人之间疾病的扩散。
Score: /1
Summary
The word describes the movement of diseases or intangible influences between individuals.
- Refers to the spread of diseases from one person to another.
- Can metaphorically describe the spread of emotions or habits.
- Commonly used in health, safety, and social contexts.
Use for emotions too
Don't limit this word to medicine. Use it to describe how laughter or excitement spreads in a group.
Avoid medical confusion
Ensure you distinguish between the act of spreading (传染) and the state of being sick (生病).
Public health awareness
In Chinese culture, emphasizing the prevention of 传染 is a common way to show care for others' health.
Examples
4 of 4流感季节要注意防护，避免传染。
Take precautions during flu season to avoid infection.
这种疾病的传染途径尚不明确。
The transmission route of this disease is not yet clear.
他的笑声很有传染力。
His laughter is contagious.
研究表明，该病毒的传染速度极快。
Studies show that the virus spreads extremely quickly.
