B2 verb Informal 1 min read

打发

dafa /tɑ̌ fɑ̌/
Practice it

Use '打发' to casually dismiss someone or to fill idle time.

Word in 30 Seconds

  • Send someone away or pass the time.
  • Used for people and time duration.
  • Often implies casualness or slight impatience.

Overview

打发 (dǎfa) 是一个非常实用的汉语动词，在日常交流中应用广泛。它的核心含义可以归结为“处理”或“消耗”。无论是处理人际关系中的“支开”对方，还是处理时间上的“消磨”或“度过”，打发都扮演着重要的角色。理解其具体用法，需要结合上下文来判断是侧重于“使离开”还是“使过去”。

**打发 + 某人**

表示让某人离开，通常带有轻微的不耐烦或希望对方不要打扰的意味。例如：'我有点累，想一个人待着，就把他打发走了。' 2. 打发 + 时间/日子: 表示消磨时间，度过一段日子，尤其是在无聊或没有特别事情做的时候。例如：'周末在家打发时间，看了几部电影。' 3. 打发 + 东西: 在某些口语用法中，也可以指用某些东西来打发（如食物），但相对少见。例如：'随便打发点吃的就行。'

**社交场合**

在朋友、家人或同事之间，当你想结束一段谈话或让某人离开时，会用到“打发某人”。 2. 个人时间管理: 当你感到无聊、空闲或者需要度过一段不重要的时光时，会用“打发时间”。 3. 生活场景: 描述如何度过一天、一个下午或一个假期。 4. 口语中的非正式用法: 偶尔用于表示简单地解决或应付某事。

表示经历、度过某个时期或阶段，强调的是整个过程的完成。而“打发时间”更侧重于在过程中如何填补空闲，带有主动“消耗”的意味。

与“打发某人”意思非常接近，都表示让某人离开。但“支开”可能更侧重于“使离开某个位置或岗位”，而“打发”则更偏向于“让其离开自己身边”或“结束其对自己的打扰”。

与“打发时间”意思非常接近，都表示用活动来度过时间，使时间不知不觉地过去。两者常常可以互换使用，但“消磨”可能更强调时间的流逝感，而“打发”则更侧重于“如何去度过”。

指正式地派某人去执行任务，通常带有官方或严肃的意味，与“打发”的随意性有很大区别。

Examples

1

我有点累了，想一个人静一静，就把他打发走了。

everyday

I was a bit tired and wanted some quiet time alone, so I sent him away.

2

这个周末没什么特别的安排，打算在家打发时间。

everyday

There are no special plans for this weekend; I plan to pass the time at home.

3

别老是围着我，我自有办法打发时间。

informal

Don't keep hovering around me; I know how to keep myself occupied.

4

他总是能找到各种方式来打发那些无聊的下午。

neutral

He can always find various ways to while away those boring afternoons.

Common Collocations

打发时间 pass the time
打发走 send away
打发人 send someone away
打发日子 pass one's days

Common Phrases

随便打发

to dismiss casually; to make do with something simple

打发走

to send away

打发时间

to pass the time

Often Confused With

打发 vs 支开

'打发' and '支开' both mean to send someone away. However, '打发' often implies making someone leave your presence or stopping them from bothering you, sometimes with a hint of impatience. '支开' can be more neutral and might refer to sending someone away from a specific location or task.

打发 vs 消磨

'打发时间' and '消磨时间' are very similar and often interchangeable, both meaning to pass time. '消磨' might emphasize the gradual passing of time, while '打发' focuses more on the active filling of that time, especially when bored.

Grammar Patterns

打发 + [某人] 打发 + [时间/日子/周末]

How to Use It

Usage Notes

1. '打发' is a versatile verb commonly used in everyday spoken Chinese. 2. When referring to people, it can sometimes carry a slightly impatient or dismissive tone, so be mindful of the context and relationship. 3. When referring to time, it generally implies filling idle or boring periods.

Common Mistakes

1. Confusing '打发' (send away/pass time) with words like '派遣' (dispatch) or '安排' (arrange) in formal contexts. 2. Using '打发' to dismiss someone in a situation where politeness is paramount, potentially causing offense. 3. Incorrectly applying it to tasks requiring significant effort or focus, as it implies a more casual handling.

Tips

💡

Distinguish People vs. Time

Remember that '打发' can apply to both people (sending them away) and time (passing it).

⚠️

Avoid Formal Settings

While common in daily life, using '打发' to dismiss someone might sound impolite or too casual in very formal situations.

🌍

Managing Social Interactions

The usage of '打发' reflects a cultural tendency to manage social interactions efficiently, sometimes prioritizing personal space or time.

Word Origin

The character '打' (dǎ) often implies hitting, striking, or doing. '发' (fā) means to send out or issue. Together, '打发' literally suggests 'to strike and send out', evolving to mean dispatching someone or something, or expending effort to pass time.

Cultural Context

In Chinese culture, efficiently managing time and social interactions is valued. '打发' reflects a practical approach to dealing with people who might intrude on one's time or space, and a proactive method for handling boredom.

Memory Tip

Imagine 'da fa' (打发) sounds like 'dada, far away!' – you're telling someone 'dada, go far away!' or using a 'fa'ncy (fancy) way to pass boring time.

Frequently Asked Questions

4 questions

“打发”和“支开”都可以表示让某人离开。“打发”更侧重于让对方离开自己，不打扰自己，有时可能带点不耐烦。“支开”则更侧重于让某人离开某个地方或岗位。

两者都非常常用且意思相近，可以互换使用。“打发时间”可能更口语化一些，而“消磨时间”在书面语和口语中都很常见。

在非常口语化的语境下，有时会用“打发”来表示简单地吃点东西，比如“随便打发点饭”。但这不是它的主要用法，相对少见。

需要注意是打发人还是打发时间。打发人的时候，后面直接跟人名或代词；打发时间的时候，后面跟‘时间’、‘日子’、‘周末’等词。

Test Yourself

fill blank

我今天没什么事，就想在家好好______时间。

Correct! Not quite. Correct answer: 打发

这里指消磨时间，用‘打发’最合适。

multiple choice

客人太多了，我只好把一些不重要的客人______走了。

Correct! Not quite. Correct answer: 打发

表示让客人离开，‘打发’是合适的动词。

sentence building

词语：他，时间，打发，一个人，在家

Correct! Not quite. Correct answer: 他一个人在家打发时间。

这是一个标准的“主语 + 地点 + 打发 + 宾语”的句子结构。

Score: /3

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