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B1 noun Neutral #6,000 most common 1 min read

自尊心

zìzūnxīn /tsɨ˥ tsun˥ ɕin˥/

Self-esteem is the core belief in your own worth and dignity, influencing how you interact with the world.

Practice it

自尊心 in 30 Seconds

  • Self-esteem and self-respect.
  • Belief in one's own worth.
  • Essential for confidence and dignity.

Overview

自尊心（zì zūn xīn）是一个心理学概念，指的是个体对自己内在价值的认可和尊重程度。它是一种积极的自我评价，认为自己是有价值的、值得被尊重的。健康的自尊心是个人心理健康的重要组成部分，它影响着个体的行为、情感和人际关系。自尊心强的人通常更自信，更能应对挑战，也更不容易受到外界的负面影响。相反，自尊心低落可能导致焦虑、抑郁、社交回避等问题。

自尊心常用于描述个人在面对批评、挫折或赞扬时的反应。它可以是“强”或“弱”的，也可以是“受损”或“受到打击”的。人们会“保护”自己的自尊心，或者“伤害”他人的自尊心。它也与“面子”、“荣誉”等概念紧密相关，尤其在中国文化中。

自尊心经常出现在讨论个人成长、心理健康、教育、人际关系和职业发展等话题中。例如，在教育中，老师需要注意保护学生的自尊心，避免过度批评；在人际交往中，避免说一些可能伤害对方自尊心的话语；在面对工作挑战时，保持自尊心有助于增强信心。

与“自信心”（zì xìn xīn）相比，自尊心更侧重于对自身价值的认可和尊重，是一种内在的感受。而自信心则更多地体现在对自身能力和成功的信念上，是一种外在的表现。一个人可能自尊心很高，但因为缺乏某些技能而不够自信。反之，有些人可能不够自尊，但因为某种优势而显得自信。‘面子’（miàn zi）是一个更偏向社会和文化的概念，强调在群体中获得的尊重和声誉，与个人的自尊心既有联系也有区别。维护面子有时可能与真正的自尊发生冲突。

Examples

1

他一向很注重自己的自尊心，不喜欢别人对他指手画脚。

everyday

He has always attached great importance to his self-esteem and dislikes others bossing him around.

2

在公开场合批评员工可能会严重损害其自尊心。

formal

Publicly criticizing an employee can severely damage their self-esteem.

3

别当着大家的面说这种话，会让他没面子，伤自尊心的。

informal

Don't say that in front of everyone, it will make him lose face and hurt his self-esteem.

4

心理学研究表明，童年时期的负面经历可能对成年后的自尊心产生深远影响。

academic

Psychological research indicates that negative childhood experiences can have a profound impact on adult self-esteem.

Common Collocations

强烈的自尊心 strong self-esteem
保护自尊心 protect self-esteem
伤害自尊心 hurt self-esteem
维护自尊心 maintain self-esteem

Common Phrases

爱面子

to be concerned about 'face' (social standing)

打肿脸充胖子

to put on a brave front (lit. 'swell the face to look fat')

丢面子

to lose face

Often Confused With

自尊心 vs 自信心
Self-esteem (自尊心) is about valuing yourself, while self-confidence (自信心) is about believing in your abilities. You can have high self-esteem but lack confidence in a specific skill, or vice versa.
自尊心 vs 面子
'Mianzi' (面子) refers to social prestige and reputation, often dependent on others' perceptions. Self-esteem (自尊心) is a more internal sense of worth, though they are culturally intertwined.

Grammar Patterns

（某人）有/没有自尊心 （某事）伤害/打击/损害/保护/维护/重视/看重 自尊心 （某人）的自尊心很强/很弱/受损

How to Use It

Usage Notes

Self-esteem is a fundamental aspect of psychological well-being. It's important to distinguish between healthy self-esteem and arrogance. The term is commonly used in discussions about personal development, mental health, and social interactions.

Common Mistakes

Learners might confuse 'zìzūnxīn' (self-esteem) with 'zìxìnxīn' (self-confidence). While related, they are not identical. Also, be mindful that while 'pride' (骄傲) can be a synonym in some contexts, it can also carry negative connotations of arrogance, unlike the generally positive 'zìzūnxīn'.

Tips

💡

Value Your Inner Worth

Focus on your inherent value rather than solely on external achievements. Recognize that you are worthy of respect regardless of your successes or failures.
⚠️

Avoid Excessive Pride

While self-esteem is crucial, excessive pride or arrogance can alienate others and hinder personal growth. Maintain humility alongside your self-respect.
🌍

Face and Honor

In Chinese culture, 'mianzi' (face) is closely related to self-esteem, emphasizing social recognition and reputation. Protecting one's 'mianzi' is often a priority.

Word Origin

The term '自尊心' is composed of '自' (self), '尊' (to respect, value), and '心' (heart, mind). It literally translates to 'self-respecting heart/mind', clearly indicating its meaning of valuing oneself.

Cultural Context

In many East Asian cultures, including Chinese culture, maintaining 'face' (面子) is closely linked to self-esteem. Public reputation and avoiding shame are significant, meaning actions that might cause someone to 'lose face' can be seen as directly attacking their self-esteem.

Memory Tip

Think of 'zì' (self) + 'zūn' (respect) + 'xīn' (heart/mind). It's the respect you hold for yourself in your heart.

Frequently Asked Questions

4 questions
自尊心是对自己价值的内在肯定和尊重，而自信心是对自己能力和成功的信念。自尊心是基础，自信心是建立在自尊心之上的一种表现。
提高自尊心需要关注内在价值，接受不完美的自己，设定可实现的目标，并积极寻求支持。同时，也要学会识别和挑战消极的自我对话。
适度的自尊心是健康的，但过强的自尊心可能表现为傲慢、固执，不愿意接受批评，甚至产生优越感，这反而不利于个人成长和人际关系。
公开批评、嘲笑、贬低他人、不尊重他人的感受或成就，都可能严重伤害对方的自尊心。在交流中应注意言辞和态度，保持尊重。

Test Yourself

fill blank

他是一个很有_____的人，从不轻易向困难低头。

Correct! Not quite. Correct answer: 自尊心

句子描述了某人面对困难时的态度，这与维护自身价值和尊严的自尊心最相关。

multiple choice

以下哪项最能体现“自尊心”？

Correct! Not quite. Correct answer: 不愿意被侮辱或轻视

不愿意被侮辱或轻视是维护个人尊严的表现，直接关联到自尊心。

sentence building

他 / 伤害 / 别人 / 的 / 自尊心 / 不应该

Correct! Not quite. Correct answer: 不应该伤害别人的自尊心。

这是一个完整的陈述句，表达了不应伤害他人自尊心的观点。

Score: /3

Related Content

This Word in Other Languages

自尊心 Japanese
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