A2 noun Neutral 1 min read

陌生人

mòshēngrén /mò shēng rén/

A stranger is someone you have no prior knowledge of or connection with.

Word in 30 Seconds

  • Refers to someone you do not know.
  • Used in various everyday and formal situations.
  • Implies lack of familiarity or prior connection.

Overview

“陌生人” (mò shēng rén) 是一个中文名词,字面意思是“不认识的人”。它用来指那些我们不熟悉、没有见过面或者与我们没有建立过任何关系的人。这个词在日常交流中非常常用,涵盖了从擦肩而过的人到初次接触的业务伙伴等各种情况。

“陌生人”的使用非常广泛,几乎可以在任何需要指代不认识的人的场合使用。它可以单独使用,也可以与其他词语组合成短语。例如,“对陌生人保持警惕” (duì mò shēng rén bǎo chí jǐng tì) 强调了与陌生人交往时的谨慎态度;“不要和陌生人说话” (bú yào hé mò shēng rén shuō huà) 是家长常对孩子说的一句警示语。

在日常生活中,我们每天都会遇到很多陌生人,比如在公交车上、商店里、公园里。在旅行时,我们会遇到来自不同文化背景的陌生人。在工作场合,与新客户或新同事的初次见面,他们也都是陌生人。此外,在一些需要描述不确定性或意外性的情境中,也会用到“陌生人”,比如“一个陌生人的善意举动” (yí gè mò shēng rén de shàn yì jǔ dòng) 可以带来温暖。

与“陌生人”意思相近的词语有“生人” (shēng rén) 和“外人” (wài rén)。“生人”比“陌生人”更口语化一些,有时也指不认识的人,但可能不如“陌生人”那么正式。例如,“街上都是生人” (jiē shàng dōu shì shēng rén)。“外人”则侧重于指不属于某个群体、圈子或家庭内部的人,有时带有一定的排斥意味,例如“这事儿你就别当外人看了” (zhè shìr nǐ jiù bié dāng wài rén kàn le),意思是希望对方不要把自己当成外人,而是内部人。而“陌生人”是最中性、最普遍的用法。

Examples

1

我需要向一位陌生人问路。

everyday

I need to ask a stranger for directions.

2

请勿向陌生人透露您的个人信息。

formal

Please do not reveal your personal information to strangers.

3

别跟陌生人走!

informal

Don't go with strangers!

4

研究表明,人们对陌生人的初始反应通常是谨慎的。

academic

Studies show that people's initial reaction to strangers is usually cautious.

Common Collocations

遇到陌生人 encounter a stranger
和陌生人说话 talk to a stranger
对陌生人警惕 be wary of strangers
一个陌生人 a stranger

Common Phrases

对陌生人保持警惕

Be vigilant towards strangers

不要和陌生人说话

Don't talk to strangers

一个陌生人的善意

Kindness from a stranger

Often Confused With

陌生人 vs 生人

"生人" (shēng rén) is a more colloquial term for a stranger, often used interchangeably with "陌生人" in casual conversation, but "陌生人" is more standard and neutral.

陌生人 vs 外人

"外人" (wài rén) refers to someone outside a specific group, family, or circle, implying they are an outsider. It can sometimes carry a slightly negative connotation of not belonging, unlike the neutral "陌生人".

Grammar Patterns

(数量)+ 陌生人 + (的)+ 名词 向 + 陌生人 + 做某事 和 + 陌生人 + 做某事 对 + 陌生人 + 保持 + 状态/形容词

How to Use It

Usage Notes

The term '陌生人' is neutral and widely applicable. It can be used in both spoken and written Chinese. Be mindful of context; while neutral, interactions with strangers often carry implicit advice for caution.


Common Mistakes

Avoid using '陌生人' in contexts where the person is clearly known, like a friend or family member. Ensure the context implies a lack of prior acquaintance.

Tips

💡

Be Cautious with Strangers

It's generally advised to be cautious when interacting with strangers, especially in unfamiliar situations.

⚠️

Avoid Over-Sharing

Do not share sensitive personal information with strangers to protect your privacy and safety.

🌍

Cultural Norms Vary

Attitudes towards strangers can differ across cultures; some societies are more open than others.

Word Origin

The word '陌生人' is composed of '陌' (mò), meaning unfamiliar or strange, '生' (shēng), meaning raw or unknown, and '人' (rén), meaning person. Together, they literally translate to 'unfamiliar unknown person'.

Cultural Context

In Chinese culture, while politeness towards strangers is valued, there's also a traditional emphasis on caution, particularly concerning personal safety and information sharing. This is reflected in common advice given to children.

Memory Tip

Imagine a 'stranger danger' scenario: '莫' (mò - don't) '生' (shēng - know) '人' (rén - person) - don't know this person, so be careful!

Frequently Asked Questions

4 questions

“陌生人”是一个比较通用的词,指不认识的人。“生人”则更口语化,有时也指不认识的人,但可能不如“陌生人”那么正式。在很多情况下两者可以互换使用。

当你遇到一个你不认识的人时,就可以用“陌生人”来指代他/她。例如,在公共场合、初次见面、或者需要强调某人身份不熟悉时。

“陌生人”本身是一个中性词,不带有褒贬色彩。它的感情色彩取决于具体的语境和说话人的语气。

与陌生人打交道时,保持警惕是重要的。在不熟悉的情况下,避免透露过多个人信息,并尽量选择在公共场合进行交流。

Test Yourself

fill blank

在公交车上,我旁边坐着一位_____。

Correct! Not quite. Correct answer: c

题目描述的是在公交车上遇到的人,通常是不认识的,所以“陌生人”最合适。

multiple choice

以下哪个句子正确使用了“陌生人”?

Correct! Not quite. Correct answer: c

选项c描述了帮助不认识的人,符合“陌生人”的含义。选项a和d在逻辑上不通,选项b自相矛盾。

sentence building

请用“陌生人”、“警惕”、“保持”和“对”组成一个句子。

Correct! Not quite. Correct answer: b

选项b是标准的中文表达,意思是“要对不认识的人保持警惕”。

Score: /3

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