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بی اشتها

B1 noun 9 min de leitura

بی اشتها

bi eshtehâ

Pratique Exemplos Notas e dicas بی اشتها em 30 segundos

Explicação بی اشتها in your Level:

At the A1 level, you just need to know that 'bi-eshtehā' means you don't want to eat. You can use it in very simple sentences like 'Man bi-eshtehā hastam' (I am not hungry/appetiteless). It is helpful when you are visiting an Iranian family and you are too tired or a bit sick to eat. You don't need to worry about complex grammar. Just remember 'bi' means 'no' and 'eshtehā' means 'appetite'. If someone offers you food and you feel sick, you can point to your stomach and say 'bi-eshtehā'. It is a polite way to say 'no thank you' to food without being rude. You will often hear parents saying this about their small children who are refusing to eat their dinner. It's a basic survival word for social situations involving food.

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At the A2 level, you should start using 'bi-eshtehā' with different verbs and tenses. You can say 'Emruz bi-eshtehā shodam' (I became appetiteless today) to show a change in how you feel. You can also ask simple questions like 'Cherā bi-eshtehā hasti?' (Why are you appetiteless?). At this level, you should be able to distinguish between being 'sir' (full because you ate) and 'bi-eshtehā' (not wanting to eat because of a reason like sickness). You might use it to explain why you are not coming to a restaurant or why you are leaving food on your plate. You should also recognize the word when you hear it in simple stories or basic conversations about health and daily routines.

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At the B1 level, you are expected to use 'bi-eshtehā' in more descriptive contexts. You can combine it with adverbs like 'vaghe'an' (really) or 'kam-kam' (gradually). For example, 'Kam-kam dāram bi-eshtehā mishavam' (I am gradually losing my appetite). You should also understand its role in Persian hospitality (Ta'arof). Using 'bi-eshtehā' is a crucial tool for navigating social pressure to eat more. You can explain *why* you are appetiteless, perhaps due to 'garma' (heat) or 'negārani' (worry). You should be able to follow a doctor's basic questions about your appetite during a check-up and describe the duration of this state. This is the level where you move from simple labels to explaining states of being.

At the B2 level, you should understand the more formal and slightly more medical nuances of the word. You can use it in more complex sentence structures, such as 'Bi-eshtehāyi yeki az nešānehā-ye in bimāri ast' (Loss of appetite is one of the signs of this illness). You should also be able to use the noun form 'bi-eshtehāyi' correctly. At this stage, you can discuss the psychological aspects of appetite and how emotions affect eating habits. You should be comfortable reading about health tips in Persian magazines where 'bi-eshtehā' is discussed as a symptom. You can also use the word metaphorically in specific contexts, though you'll mostly use it literally. Your pronunciation should be clear, especially the 'h' in 'eshtehā'.

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At the C1 level, you will encounter 'bi-eshtehā' in literary and academic texts. You should understand related formal terms like 'fogh-dān-e eshtehā' and how they differ from the common 'bi-eshtehā'. You can discuss the societal implications of appetite loss in different populations or analyze how Persian literature uses the lack of appetite as a metaphor for deep spiritual longing or 'eshgh' (love). You should be able to nuances your speech, using 'bi-eshtehā' to describe subtle shifts in mood or health. You can also understand the word in the context of clinical psychology, such as 'bi-eshtehā-ye asabi' (anorexia nervosa), and discuss its causes and treatments in a sophisticated manner. Your usage should reflect a deep understanding of Persian register and tone.

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At the C2 level, you have complete mastery over the word 'bi-eshtehā' and all its derivatives. You can use it with precision in any context, from a highly technical medical debate to a poetic analysis. You understand the historical development of the word and its roots in Arabic (eshtehā) and Persian (bi-). You can use it to make subtle social points or to decline food with the highest level of 'Ta'arof' and grace. You can also identify and use rare synonyms or archaic forms that might appear in classical Persian poetry. At this level, 'bi-eshtehā' is just one tool in a vast arsenal of vocabulary that you use to express the human condition with all its complexities regarding desire, health, and social interaction.

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Pratique Exemplos Notas e dicas

بی اشتها em 30 segundos

Bi-eshtehā means having no appetite or desire for food.
It is a compound of 'bi' (without) and 'eshtehā' (appetite).
Commonly used to describe symptoms of illness or stress.
Essential for polite social interactions at the Persian dinner table.

The Persian word بی‌اشتها (bi-eshtehā) is a compound adjective and noun used to describe a state of having no desire for food. In the Persian language, prefixes are powerful tools for modifying meaning, and here, the prefix بی- (bi-), meaning 'without' or 'less', is attached to the noun اشتها (eshtehā), which means 'appetite'. Together, they form a term that is essential for both medical contexts and everyday social interactions. When someone says they are 'bi-eshtehā', they aren't just saying they aren't hungry; they are often implying a lack of interest in eating that might be caused by illness, stress, or even the weather.

Linguistic Composition: The word consists of 'Bi' (without) + 'Eshtehā' (Appetite). It functions primarily as an adjective but is frequently used in the predicate of a sentence with the auxiliary verbs 'shodan' (to become) or 'budan' (to be).

In Persian culture, where food and hospitality play a central role, being 'bi-eshtehā' is a significant statement. If you are a guest at an Iranian home and you aren't eating much, the host might worry that you don't like the food. In such cases, using the word 'bi-eshtehā' serves as a polite explanation that the issue is internal (a lack of appetite) rather than a reflection of the cooking quality. It is a face-saving term in the complex world of Ta'arof (Persian etiquette).

ببخشید، من امروز کمی بی‌اشتها هستم و نمی‌توانم زیاد غذا بخورم. (Excuse me, I am a bit appetiteless today and cannot eat much.)

From a medical perspective, doctors in Iran will frequently ask patients about their appetite using this term. It is a standard clinical symptom. If a child is refusing to eat, a parent will tell the pediatrician, 'Farzandam bi-eshtehā shodeh ast' (My child has become appetiteless). The word covers everything from a temporary loss of appetite due to a common cold to more serious psychological conditions like anorexia nervosa, though the latter often uses more specific clinical terminology in formal papers.

Social Contexts: Commonly used during illness, periods of deep sadness or mourning, or when describing the side effects of medication. It is also used colloquially to describe someone who is generally a light eater.

گرما باعث شده همه بی‌اشتها شوند. (The heat has caused everyone to lose their appetite.)

Furthermore, the word can be used metaphorically, though less commonly, to describe a lack of desire or zest for life or specific activities, although 'bi-meyl' is more frequent for that purpose. Understanding 'bi-eshtehā' requires recognizing that it describes a state of 'being' rather than just a momentary feeling of fullness. If you are full, you are 'sir'; if you simply don't want to eat regardless of how empty your stomach is, you are 'bi-eshtehā'.

Grammar Note: Note the 'ezafe' construction is not used when 'bi-eshtehā' is the predicate. You say 'Man bi-eshtehā hastam' (I am appetiteless), not 'Man-e bi-eshtehā'.

Using بی‌اشتها correctly involves understanding its role as a predicate adjective. Most commonly, it pairs with the verbs بودن (to be) and شدن (to become). Because it describes a state, it is often modified by adverbs of degree like خیلی (very) or کمی (a little).

Pattern 1: Simple Description: [Subject] + [Adverb] + بی‌اشتها + [Verb 'to be']. Example: 'او خیلی بی‌اشتها است' (He is very appetiteless).

When discussing a change in condition, such as when someone falls ill, 'shodan' (to become) is the preferred verb. This indicates a transition from a healthy appetite to a lack thereof. For example, 'After the surgery, she became appetiteless' would be 'Ba'd az jarāhi, u bi-eshtehā shod'. This is a very common way to report symptoms to a medical professional.

مریضی باعث شده که او کاملاً بی‌اشتها شود. (Sickness has caused him to become completely appetiteless.)

You can also use 'bi-eshtehā' as a modifier for a person, though this is slightly more formal. For instance, 'The appetiteless child' would be 'kudak-e bi-eshtehā'. However, in spoken Persian, it is much more natural to say 'The child who is appetiteless' (kudaki ke bi-eshtehā ast).

Pattern 2: Expressing Cause: [Cause] + [Subject] + را + بی‌اشتها + کرد. Example: 'غم او را بی‌اشتها کرد' (Grief made him appetiteless).

In more poetic or literary contexts, you might see 'bi-eshtehā' used to describe a soul or a heart that no longer 'hungers' for worldly pleasures. This is a higher-level usage (C1/C2) where the physical lack of appetite represents a spiritual detachment. However, for everyday B1 learners, sticking to the physical sense of not wanting to eat is the priority.

چرا اینقدر بی‌اشتها به غذا نگاه می‌کنی؟ (Why are you looking at the food so appetitelessly?)

Another useful construction involves the word 'nesbat be' (towards/regarding). You can say someone is 'bi-eshtehā' regarding a specific type of food. 'U nesbat be gosht bi-eshtehā ast' (He has no appetite for meat). This adds precision to your descriptions.

Pattern 3: Questioning: آیا [Subject] بی‌اشتها هستید؟ (Are you appetiteless?) This is a polite way to ask if someone is feeling unwell if they aren't eating.

The word بی‌اشتها is ubiquitous in Iranian life, primarily because of the cultural emphasis on eating. You will hear it most frequently in three main settings: the dining table, the doctor's office, and in family gossip or concern. In the Iranian home, if you don't finish your plate, the first question isn't 'Are you full?' but rather 'Are you sick/appetiteless?'

Setting 1: The Family Dinner: Grandmothers are the primary users of this word. They will notice immediately if a grandchild isn't eating with gusto. 'Cherā bi-eshtehāyi mādar?' (Why are you appetiteless, dear?).

In a medical context, 'bi-eshtehā' is the standard term used on television health programs and in hospitals. If you watch an Iranian medical drama, you'll hear doctors listing 'bi-eshtehā' alongside 'tab' (fever) and 'dard' (pain) as symptoms. It is part of the essential vocabulary for health and wellness.

دکتر پرسید: «آیا اخیراً بی‌اشتها شده‌اید؟» (The doctor asked: 'Have you become appetiteless recently?')

You will also encounter this word in literature and news reports, especially those discussing social issues like poverty or psychological health. News reports on the effects of famine or war might describe populations as 'bi-eshtehā' due to trauma. In psychological contexts, it appears in discussions about 'bi-eshtehā-ye asabi' (Anorexia Nervosa).

In the workplace, if a colleague skips lunch, they might say 'Emruz bi-eshtehā am' to avoid a long explanation about being busy or stressed. It’s a socially acceptable 'out' that everyone understands and respects. It signals that the person is not in their usual state of vigor.

Setting 2: Pharmacies: People often go to the pharmacy asking for 'sharbat-e eshtehā-āvar' (appetite-bringing syrup) because they or their children are 'bi-eshtehā'.

بچه‌ام خیلی بی‌اشتها است، چه دارویی پیشنهاد می‌دهید؟ (My child is very appetiteless, what medicine do you suggest?)

One of the most frequent mistakes English speakers make when learning Persian is confusing بی‌اشتها with being 'full'. In English, you might say 'I'm not hungry' because you just ate. In Persian, if you just ate, you are سیر (sir). If you say you are 'bi-eshtehā' after a big meal, it sounds like you have suddenly developed a medical condition or that the food was so unappealing it destroyed your appetite.

Mistake 1: Bi-eshtehā vs. Sir: Use 'Sir' when you are satisfied with food. Use 'Bi-eshtehā' when you physically cannot bring yourself to eat due to internal factors.

Another mistake is the pronunciation of the 'h'. Many learners tend to drop the 'h' in 'eshtehā', making it sound like 'eshte-ā'. In Persian, the 'h' (ه) is a distinct breathy sound. Omitting it can make the word unrecognizable or sound like a different, non-existent word. Practice the transition from the 'te' syllable to the 'hā' syllable carefully.

Learners also sometimes confuse 'bi-eshtehā' with بدغذا (bad-ghazā). 'Bad-ghazā' means 'picky eater'—someone who only likes specific foods. 'Bi-eshtehā' means you don't want *any* food. If you tell a host you are 'bad-ghazā', you are calling yourself picky (which can be seen as rude); if you say you are 'bi-eshtehā', you are blaming your lack of eating on your health or state of being.

Mistake 2: Confusing with 'Picky': Don't say 'bi-eshtehā' if you just don't like the specific dish served. That's a different concept entirely.

اشتباه: من سیر هستم پس بی‌اشتها هستم. (Wrong: I am full, so I am appetiteless.)

Finally, remember that 'bi-eshtehā' is the adjective, and 'bi-eshtehāyi' is the noun (anorexia/lack of appetite). Beginners often use 'bi-eshtehāyi' where they should use the adjective. 'Man bi-eshtehāyi hastam' is grammatically incorrect; it should be 'Man bi-eshtehā hastam' or 'Man bi-eshtehāyi dāram' (I have a lack of appetite).

While بی‌اشتها is the most common way to express a lack of appetite, there are several other words that cover similar ground or provide more nuance. Depending on the context—whether medical, casual, or formal—you might choose a different term to be more precise.

کم‌خوراک (Kam-khorāk): This literally means 'little-eater'. It refers to someone's general habit of eating small portions, rather than a temporary state of being appetiteless. Use this to describe someone's personality or lifestyle.

If you want to sound more formal or literary, you might use ناشتها (nāshtehā). While 'bi-eshtehā' is the standard modern term, 'nāshtehā' appears in older texts and some specific dialects. It carries a slightly heavier, more permanent tone.

او کلاً آدم کم‌خوراکی است. (He is generally a light eater.)

For the opposite of 'bi-eshtehā', the most direct word is پراشتها (por-eshtehā), meaning 'full of appetite' or 'having a hearty appetite'. If someone is constantly hungry, you might call them شکمو (shekamu), which is a colloquial and slightly playful term for a 'glutton' or 'foodie'.

Comparison: Bi-eshtehā vs. Bad-ghazā: 'Bi-eshtehā' is about the *quantity* of desire for food (zero), while 'Bad-ghazā' is about the *quality* and *selectivity* of food preferences.

In a medical diagnosis, you might see فقدان اشتها (fogh-dān-e eshtehā), which is the very formal/academic way to say 'loss of appetite'. This is what you would read in a medical textbook or a formal report. For the learner, knowing these distinctions helps in choosing the right 'register' for the conversation.

بیمار دچار فقدان اشتها شده است. (The patient has suffered a loss of appetite.)

How Formal Is It?

Curiosidade

While 'eshtehā' is Arabic in origin, the compound 'bi-eshtehā' is a uniquely Persian construction. In Arabic, they would more likely use 'faqada al-shahiya'.

Guia de pronúncia

UK /biː eʃteˈhɒː/

US /biː eʃtɛˈhɑː/

The primary stress is on the final syllable 'hā'.

Rima com

اشتها (Eshtehā) انتها (Entehā) ابتدا (Ebtedā) خدا (Khodā) جدا (Jodā) رها (Rahā) سزا (Sezā) نوا (Navā)

Erros comuns

Dropping the 'h' in the middle.
Pronouncing 'bi' as a short 'i'.
Putting stress on the first syllable.
Merging 'esh' and 'te' too quickly.
Ignoring the long 'ā' at the end.

Nível de dificuldade

Leitura 3/5

Easy to recognize because of the prefix 'bi-'.

Escrita 4/5

Need to remember the spelling of 'eshtehā' with 'h'.

Expressão oral 4/5

Pronouncing the 'h' in the middle is the main challenge.

Audição 3/5

Clear and distinct word in conversation.

O que aprender depois

Pré-requisitos

بی (Without) غذا (Food) هستن (To be) شدن (To become) سیر (Full)

Aprenda a seguir

گوارش (Digestion) معده (Stomach) حالت تهوع (Nausea) ضعف (Weakness) تقویت (Strengthening)

Avançado

سوءتغذیه (Malnutrition) متابولیسم (Metabolism) بی‌میلی (Reluctance) انزجار (Disgust) ریاضت (Asceticism)

Gramática essencial

Prefix 'Bi-' usage

بی‌ادب (impolite), بی‌کار (unemployed), بی‌اشتها (appetiteless).

Adjectives as Predicates

من بی‌اشتها هستم. (No ezafe needed).

Inchoative Verbs with 'Shodan'

بی‌اشتها شدم. (I became appetiteless).

Causative with 'Kardan'

این دارو مرا بی‌اشتها کرد. (This medicine made me appetiteless).

Noun formation with '-i'

بی‌اشتها (Adj) -> بی‌اشتهایی (Noun).

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Exemplos por nível

من بی‌اشتها هستم.

I am appetiteless.

Subject + Adjective + Verb 'to be'.

آیا تو بی‌اشتها هستی؟

Are you appetiteless?

Question form using 'āyā'.

او امروز بی‌اشتها است.

He/She is appetiteless today.

Third person singular.

گربه بی‌اشتها است.

The cat is appetiteless.

Animal as subject.

ما بی‌اشتها هستیم.

We are appetiteless.

First person plural.

چرا بی‌اشتها هستی؟

Why are you appetiteless?

Use of 'cherā' (why).

کمی بی‌اشتها هستم.

I am a little appetiteless.

'Kami' as an adverb of degree.

خیلی بی‌اشتها هستم.

I am very appetiteless.

'Kheyli' as an adverb of degree.

دیروز بی‌اشتها شدم.

I became appetiteless yesterday.

Past tense of 'shodan'.

بچه‌ام بی‌اشتها شده است.

My child has become appetiteless.

Present perfect tense.

اگر مریض شوی، بی‌اشتها می‌شوی.

If you get sick, you will become appetiteless.

Conditional sentence.

او به خاطر گرما بی‌اشتها است.

He is appetiteless because of the heat.

Using 'be khāter-e' (because of).

آیا سگ شما بی‌اشتها شده؟

Has your dog become appetiteless?

Question in present perfect.

من اصلاً بی‌اشتها نیستم.

I am not appetiteless at all.

Negative form using 'nistam'.

شاید او بی‌اشتها باشد.

Maybe he is appetiteless.

Subjunctive mood with 'shāyad'.

غذا خوب است ولی من بی‌اشتها هستم.

The food is good but I am appetiteless.

Using 'vali' (but) for contrast.

از وقتی که دارو می‌خورم، بی‌اشتها شده‌ام.

Since I've been taking medicine, I've become appetiteless.

Using 'az vaghti ke' (since).

او معمولاً هنگام اضطراب بی‌اشتها می‌شود.

He usually becomes appetiteless during anxiety.

Adverbial phrase 'hengām-e ezterāb'.

دکتر گفت که بی‌اشتها بودن طبیعی است.

The doctor said that being appetiteless is normal.

Gerund-like use of 'bi-eshtehā budan'.

من نسبت به غذاهای چرب بی‌اشتها هستم.

I have no appetite for fatty foods.

Using 'nesbat be' (towards).

بی‌اشتها شدن یکی از علائم سرماخوردگی است.

Becoming appetiteless is one of the symptoms of a cold.

Subject is a phrase.

او آنقدر غمگین بود که کاملاً بی‌اشتها شد.

He was so sad that he became completely appetiteless.

Result clause with 'ānghadr... ke'.

باید علت بی‌اشتها شدنت را پیدا کنیم.

We must find the reason for your becoming appetiteless.

Possessive suffix with gerund.

با وجود گرسنگی، باز هم بی‌اشتها هستم.

Despite hunger, I am still appetiteless.

Using 'bā vojud-e' (despite).

کاهش وزن او به دلیل بی‌اشتها بودنِ طولانی‌مدت است.

His weight loss is due to long-term lack of appetite.

Compound noun phrase with ezafe.

برخی داروها بیمار را به شدت بی‌اشتها می‌کنند.

Some drugs make the patient severely appetiteless.

Causative structure with 'kardan'.

او به طور غیرعادی بی‌اشتها شده است.

He has become unusually appetiteless.

Adverbial phrase 'be tour-e gheyr-e ādi'.

بی‌اشتها شدن ناگهانی می‌تواند نشانه خطرناکی باشد.

Sudden loss of appetite can be a dangerous sign.

Adjective 'nāgahāni' modifying the state.

او ادعا می‌کند که بی‌اشتها است، اما پنهانی غذا می‌خورد.

He claims to be appetiteless, but eats secretly.

Contrast using 'ammā'.

افسردگی اغلب باعث می‌شود فرد بی‌اشتها شود.

Depression often causes a person to become appetiteless.

Causative verb 'bā'es shodan'.

آیا این دارو باعث بی‌اشتها شدن می‌شود؟

Does this medicine cause a loss of appetite?

Questioning cause.

او از بی‌اشتها بودنِ مکرر رنج می‌برد.

He suffers from frequent lack of appetite.

Using 'ranj bordan' (to suffer).

بی‌اشتها شدن در دوران نقاهت امری شایع است.

Loss of appetite during the recovery period is a common matter.

Formal academic tone.

او چنان در افکارش غرق بود که نسبت به جهان بی‌اشتها گشت.

He was so drowned in his thoughts that he became appetiteless toward the world.

Literary use of 'gasht' instead of 'shod'.

اختلالات روانی می‌توانند منجر به بی‌اشتها شدن مزمن شوند.

Psychological disorders can lead to chronic loss of appetite.

Use of 'monjar be' (lead to).

بی‌اشتها شدنِ مفرط نیاز به مداخله پزشکی فوری دارد.

Excessive loss of appetite requires immediate medical intervention.

Formal adjective 'mofrat'.

او با نگاهی بی‌اشتها به فرصت‌های پیش رو می‌نگریست.

He looked at the opportunities ahead with an appetiteless gaze.

Metaphorical usage.

تغییرات هورمونی می‌توانند فرد را موقتاً بی‌اشتها کنند.

Hormonal changes can make a person temporarily appetiteless.

Scientific context.

بی‌اشتها شدنِ او ناشی از فشارهای عصبی محیط کار است.

His loss of appetite stems from nervous pressures at work.

Using 'nāshi az' (stemming from).

در متون قدیمی، بی‌اشتها بودن گاه نشانه پارسایی بود.

In ancient texts, being appetiteless was sometimes a sign of piety.

Historical/literary context.

بی‌اشتها شدنِ جمعی در جوامع بحران‌زده پدیده‌ای قابل تامل است.

Collective loss of appetite in crisis-stricken societies is a phenomenon worth reflecting on.

Sophisticated sociological terminology.

او به مرحله‌ای از عرفان رسیده بود که نسبت به لذایذ مادی بی‌اشتها بود.

He had reached a stage of mysticism where he was appetiteless toward material pleasures.

High-level spiritual context.

بی‌اشتها شدنِ مفرط می‌تواند تعادل الکترولیتی بدن را مختل سازد.

Extreme loss of appetite can disrupt the body's electrolyte balance.

Technical medical Persian.

نویسنده در این رمان، بی‌اشتها شدنِ قهرمان را نمادی از زوال اخلاقی می‌داند.

In this novel, the author considers the hero's loss of appetite a symbol of moral decay.

Literary analysis.

بی‌اشتها شدنِ سیاسی شهروندان منجر به کاهش مشارکت در انتخابات شد.

The political 'loss of appetite' of citizens led to a decrease in election participation.

Advanced metaphorical political use.

این دارو با تاثیر بر هیپوتالاموس، فرد را بی‌اشتها می‌گرداند.

This drug makes the person appetiteless by affecting the hypothalamus.

Complex biological description.

بی‌اشتها شدنِ وی واکنشی روان‌تنی به تروماهای دوران کودکی بود.

His loss of appetite was a psychosomatic reaction to childhood traumas.

Psychological terminology.

در فلسفه رواقی، بی‌اشتها بودن نسبت به امور خارج از کنترل، یک فضیلت است.

In Stoic philosophy, being 'appetiteless' toward matters outside of control is a virtue.

Philosophical application.

Colocações comuns

بی‌اشتها شدن

بی‌اشتها بودن

کاملاً بی‌اشتها

کمی بی‌اشتها

بی‌اشتهایی عصبی

علت بی‌اشتهایی

درمان بی‌اشتهایی

بی‌اشتها کردن

احساس بی‌اشتهایی

بی‌اشتهای مفرط

Frases Comuns

بی‌اشتها هستم

— I have no appetite.

ببخشید، من فعلاً بی‌اشتها هستم.

چرا بی‌اشتهایی؟

— Why are you appetiteless? (Asking about health/mood)

چرا بی‌اشتهایی؟ چیزی شده؟

بی‌اشتها شده‌ام

— I have lost my appetite.

از وقتی مریض شدم، بی‌اشتها شده‌ام.

خیلی بی‌اشتها است

— He/she is very appetiteless.

این روزها او خیلی بی‌اشتها است.

کمی بی‌اشتها بودن

— Being a bit appetiteless.

کمی بی‌اشتها بودن در سفر عادی است.

بی‌اشتها به نظر رسیدن

— To look appetiteless.

تو امروز خیلی بی‌اشتها به نظر می‌رسی.

رفع بی‌اشتهایی

— Curing/fixing the lack of appetite.

برای رفع بی‌اشتهایی چه کنیم؟

بی‌اشتهایی شدید

— Severe lack of appetite.

او دچار بی‌اشتهایی شدید شده است.

بی‌اشتها شدنِ ناگهانی

— Sudden loss of appetite.

بی‌اشتها شدن ناگهانی نگران‌کننده است.

بی‌اشتها نسبت به همه چیز

— Appetiteless toward everything (metaphorical).

او نسبت به همه چیز بی‌اشتها شده است.

Frequentemente confundido com

بی اشتها vs سیر (Sir)

Sir means full after eating. Bi-eshtehā means having no desire to eat at all.

بی اشتها vs بدغذا (Bad-ghazā)

Bad-ghazā means picky eater. Bi-eshtehā means no appetite for any food.

بی اشتها vs نخور (Nakhor)

Nakhor is an imperative 'don't eat', not a state of appetite.

Expressões idiomáticas

"اشتها نداشتن"

— Literally 'to not have appetite', used identically to bi-eshtehā.

امروز اصلاً اشتها ندارم.

Neutral

"کور شدن اشتها"

— To have one's appetite 'blinded' or killed suddenly.

با دیدن آن صحنه، اشتهایم کور شد.

Informal

"از دهن افتادن"

— When food gets cold and becomes unappealing (causing lack of appetite).

بخور، غذا از دهن افتاد.

Informal

"لب به غذا نزدن"

— To not even touch the food (due to lack of appetite).

او تمام روز لب به غذا نزد.

Neutral

"اشتهای کسی را بریدن"

— To cut someone's appetite off.

حرف‌های تو اشتهایم را برید.

Informal

"دل و دماغ غذا خوردن نداشتن"

— To not have the 'heart or nose' (mood) to eat.

امروز دل و دماغ غذا خوردن ندارم.

Informal

"بی‌میل و رغبت"

— Without desire or inclination (often used for eating).

بی‌میل و رغبت چند لقمه خورد.

Formal

"اشتها را کور کردن"

— To spoil the appetite (e.g., eating sweets before dinner).

شکلات اشتهایت را کور می‌کند.

Informal

"ناخنک زدن"

— To nibble (often because one is bi-eshtehā for a full meal).

فقط کمی به غذا ناخنک زد.

Informal

"از اشتها افتادن"

— To fall out of appetite; to lose it.

بعد از شنیدن خبر، از اشتها افتادم.

Neutral

Fácil de confundir

بی اشتها vs کم‌خوراک

Both involve eating little.

Kam-khorāk is a personality trait; bi-eshtehā is a temporary state or symptom.

او همیشه کم‌خوراک است، اما امروز واقعاً بی‌اشتها شده.

بی اشتها vs سیر

Both result in not eating.

Sir is a positive/neutral state of satisfaction; bi-eshtehā is often a negative state of illness.

من سیر نیستم، فقط بی‌اشتهایم.

بی اشتها vs بی‌میل

Both mean 'without desire'.

Bi-meyl is general (to anything); bi-eshtehā is specific to food.

او نسبت به سینما بی‌میل است، اما به غذا بی‌اشتها.

بی اشتها vs ناشتها

They are synonyms.

Nāshtehā is formal/literary; bi-eshtehā is modern/common.

در شاهنامه کلمه ناشتها به کار رفته است.

بی اشتها vs روزه

Both involve not eating.

Ruzeh is religious fasting; bi-eshtehā is lack of desire.

او روزه نیست، فقط بی‌اشتها است.

Padrões de frases

من [Adjective] هستم.

من بی‌اشتها هستم.

او [Time] بی‌اشتها شد.

او دیروز بی‌اشتها شد.

[Cause] باعث شد که من بی‌اشتها شوم.

استرس باعث شد که من بی‌اشتها شوم.

با اینکه گرسنه بودم، [Adjective] بودم.

با اینکه گرسنه بودم، بی‌اشتها بودم.

بی‌اشتهاییِ [Subject] ناشی از [Noun] است.

بی‌اشتهاییِ او ناشی از افسردگی است.

او نسبت به [Concept] بی‌اشتها گشته است.

او نسبت به مادیات بی‌اشتها گشته است.

آیا شما احساس [Noun] می‌کنید؟

آیا شما احساس بی‌اشتهایی می‌کنید؟

چرا اینقدر [Adjective] هستی؟

چرا اینقدر بی‌اشتها هستی؟

Família de palavras

Substantivos

اشتها (Appetite)

بی‌اشتهایی (Anorexia/Lack of appetite)

Verbos

اشتها داشتن (To have an appetite)

اشتها باز کردن (To whet the appetite)

Adjetivos

بی‌اشتها (Appetiteless)

پراشتها (Hearty appetite)

خوش‌اشتها (Having a good appetite)

Relacionado

غذا (Food)

گرسنگی (Hunger)

سیری (Fullness)

خوراک (Meal/Eating)

میل (Desire)

Cadastre-se grátis para ver todos os exemplos

Como usar

frequency

Common in daily life and medical contexts.

Erros comuns

Saying 'bi-eshtehā' when you are full. → Say 'sir هستم'.
Bi-eshtehā implies a lack of desire, often due to illness, not just being satisfied.
Dropping the 'h' in pronunciation. → Pronounce it as 'esh-te-hā'.
The 'h' is a key part of the word's structure.
Using 'bi-eshtehā' to mean 'picky'. → Use 'bad-ghazā'.
Bi-eshtehā means you don't want to eat anything at all.
Using the noun 'bi-eshtehāyi' as an adjective. → Use 'bi-eshtehā'.
You are 'bi-eshtehā' (appetiteless), you have 'bi-eshtehāyi' (lack of appetite).
Using 'bi-eshtehā' for thirst. → Use 'teshne nistam'.
Appetite is only for food in Persian.

Dicas

Verb Agreement

Always pair 'bi-eshtehā' with 'budan' for a current state or 'shodan' for a change.

Ta'arof Tool

Use it as a polite excuse when you can't finish a meal at an Iranian home.

The Breathy H

Make sure the 'h' in 'eshtehā' is audible to sound like a native speaker.

Bi- vs. Na-

Persian uses 'bi-' for 'without'. Learning this prefix helps you unlock hundreds of words.

Medical Context

If a doctor asks about 'eshtehā', they are asking about your desire for food.

Degree Matters

Use 'kheyli' (very) or 'kami' (a little) to be more precise about your condition.

Showing Concern

Asking 'Cherā bi-eshtehāyi?' is a common way to show you care about someone's health.

Spelling

The word is often written as one word 'بی‌اشتها' with a half-space (z-w-n-j).

Context Clues

If you hear 'bi-' followed by a long word at a table, it's likely about appetite.

Mnemonic

Bee + Extra + Hot = No eating!

Memorize

Mnemônico

Think of a 'Bee' (Bi) that is 'Extra' (Esh-te) 'Hot' (hā). The bee is so hot it doesn't want to eat anything!

Associação visual

Imagine a person standing 'Beyond' (Bi) a 'Steak' (Esh-te-hā) house, refusing to go in.

Word Web

Sickness Food Hunger Doctor Ta'arof Appetite Medicine Stomach

Desafio

Try to use 'bi-eshtehā' in a sentence explaining why you can't finish a meal at a friend's house.

Origem da palavra

A compound of the Persian prefix 'bi-' and the Arabic-derived noun 'eshtehā'.

Significado original: 'Bi' comes from Middle Persian 'be', meaning 'without'. 'Eshtehā' comes from the Arabic root 'sh-h-y' meaning 'to desire' or 'to long for'.

Indo-European (Persian prefix) + Afro-Asiatic (Arabic root).

Contexto cultural

Be careful using it to mean 'picky'. It's about the *ability* to eat, not the *choice* of food.

In English, 'I'm not hungry' is simpler, but 'bi-eshtehā' is more like 'I have no appetite'.

Commonly used in Iranian health talk shows like 'Salamat'. Appears in Sadegh Hedayat's stories to describe depressed characters. Used in Persian translations of medical texts regarding anorexia.

Pratique na vida real

Contextos reais

At a Doctor's Clinic

چند وقت است بی‌اشتها هستید؟
آیا حالت تهوع هم دارید؟
داروها مرا بی‌اشتها کرده‌اند.
اشتهایم را از دست داده‌ام.

At a Dinner Party

ببخشید، کمی بی‌اشتها هستم.
دست شما درد نکند، ولی بی‌اشتهایم.
غذا عالی است، تقصیر من است که بی‌اشتهایم.
میل ندارم، بی‌اشتها شده‌ام.

Parenting

بچه‌ام اصلاً اشتها ندارد.
برای بی‌اشتهایی کودک چه کنم؟
چرا اینقدر بی‌اشتهایی مامان؟
باید شربت اشتها بخوری.

Talking about Illness

سرماخوردگی آدم را بی‌اشتها می‌کند.
از وقتی تب کردم بی‌اشتها شدم.
بی‌اشتهایی‌ام هنوز خوب نشده.
هیچ میلی به غذا ندارم.

Emotional States

از غصه بی‌اشتها شده‌ام.
استرس مرا بی‌اشتها می‌کند.
وقتی نگرانم، بی‌اشتها می‌شوم.
دل و دماغ غذا ندارم.

Iniciadores de conversa

"آیا تا به حال به خاطر استرس بی‌اشتها شده‌اید؟ (Have you ever become appetiteless due to stress?)"

"وقتی مریض هستید، چه غذایی می‌خورید که بی‌اشتها نباشید؟ (When you are sick, what food do you eat so you aren't appetiteless?)"

"چرا بعضی از بچه‌ها اینقدر بی‌اشتها هستند؟ (Why are some children so appetiteless?)"

"آیا گرمای هوا شما را بی‌اشتها می‌کند؟ (Does the hot weather make you appetiteless?)"

"بهترین راه برای درمان بی‌اشتهایی چیست؟ (What is the best way to treat a lack of appetite?)"

Temas para diário

در مورد زمانی بنویسید که به شدت بی‌اشتها بودید. چه حسی داشتید؟ (Write about a time you were very appetiteless. How did you feel?)

چگونه بی‌اشتها بودن بر انرژی روزانه شما تاثیر می‌گذارد؟ (How does being appetiteless affect your daily energy?)

آیا فکر می‌کنید احساسات بر اشتها تاثیر دارند؟ (Do you think emotions affect appetite?)

یک مکالمه بین دکتر و بیمار در مورد بی‌اشتهایی بنویسید. (Write a conversation between a doctor and a patient about lack of appetite.)

تفاوت بین گرسنه نبودن و بی‌اشتها بودن را توضیح دهید. (Explain the difference between not being hungry and being appetiteless.)

Perguntas frequentes

10 perguntas

It is primarily used as an adjective (appetiteless), but it can also function as a noun in certain contexts. The noun form for the condition is 'bi-eshtehāyi'.

You can say 'Bi-eshtehā shodam' (I became appetiteless) or 'Eshtehāyam rā az dast dādam' (I lost my appetite).

Yes, it is very common to describe a sick pet as 'bi-eshtehā'.

No, it is actually a polite way to explain why you aren't eating much, as it suggests you are unwell rather than the food being bad.

The opposite is 'por-eshtehā' (having a big appetite) or 'khosh-eshtehā'.

It is a clear, breathy 'h' like in 'hello'. Don't skip it!

Yes, 'bi-eshtehāyi-ye asabi' is the translation for anorexia nervosa.

No, you should say 'man bi-eshtehāyi dāram' (I have lack of appetite) or 'man bi-eshtehā hastam' (I am appetiteless).

Rarely. It's almost exclusively for food. For other things, use 'bi-meyl'.

Technically 'bi-eshtehā-hā', but you would almost always say 'un-hā bi-eshtehā hastand'.

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