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A1 noun #1,800 mais comum 8 min de leitura

بیماری

Q: How do I pluralize 'Bimari'?

The plural is 'بیماریها' (Bimari-ha). You simply add the standard Persian plural suffix '-ha' to the end of the word. This is used when talking about diseases in general, such as 'Bimari-ha-ye ghalbi' (heart diseases) or when discussing a list of different medical conditions. The Arabic plural 'Amraz' is rare in modern spoken Persian.

bimari Top 1,800

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Explicação بیماری in your Level:

At the A1 level, 'بیماری' (Bimari) is introduced as a basic noun meaning 'illness'. Students learn to use it in simple sentences to explain why someone is absent or why they are going to the doctor. The focus is on the literal meaning: being sick. You might say 'Man bimari daram' (I have an illness), although 'Man bimar hastam' (I am sick) is more common. At this stage, it's important to recognize the word in signs at the hospital (Bimarestan) and to understand that it refers to health problems. Examples are kept simple, focusing on common situations like having a cold or needing rest. The goal is to build a foundation where the learner can identify the word in a sentence and understand its general meaning without worrying about complex medical terminology or metaphorical uses.

At the A2 level, learners begin to expand their use of 'بیماری' by adding simple adjectives and using it with more verbs. You will learn to distinguish between 'Bimari' (the noun) and 'Bimar' (the adjective/person). You might start using phrases like 'بیماریِ سخت' (severe illness) or 'بیماریِ ساده' (simple illness). At this level, you also learn the plural form 'بیماری‌ها' and how to use it in sentences like 'خیلی از بیماری‌ها خطرناک هستند' (Many diseases are dangerous). You will also encounter the word in the context of daily routines, such as explaining a doctor's visit or talking about family health. The focus is on practical communication and expanding the vocabulary around the word, such as 'darman' (treatment) and 'pezeshk' (doctor).

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At the B1 level, 'بیماری' is used in more complex grammatical structures and broader contexts. Learners start to use compound verbs like 'مبتلا شدن به بیماری' (to be afflicted with a disease) and 'پیشگیری از بیماری' (prevention of disease). You will be able to discuss different types of illnesses, such as 'بیماری‌های واگیردار' (infectious diseases) and 'بیماری‌های قلبی' (heart diseases). At this stage, you can also understand the word in news reports or health articles. You might participate in discussions about healthy lifestyles and how they prevent 'بیماری'. The focus shifts from simple identification to using the word to express opinions and provide more detailed information about health and well-being.

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At the B2 level, learners can use 'بیماری' in abstract and metaphorical ways. You will understand how the word can describe social or economic problems, such as 'بیماری‌های اجتماعی' (social ills). You can follow more technical discussions about medicine and public health, understanding nuances like 'بیماری‌های مزمن' (chronic diseases) versus 'بیماری‌های حاد' (acute diseases). Your vocabulary will include related terms like 'علائم' (symptoms), 'تشخیص' (diagnosis), and 'واکسیناسیون' (vaccination). You can write essays or give presentations on topics like the impact of 'بیماری' on society or the history of a specific pandemic. The focus is on fluency, precision, and the ability to use the word in formal and academic settings.

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At the C1 level, 'بیماری' is used with a high degree of sophistication. Learners can engage in deep philosophical or scientific debates involving the word. You will understand the etymological roots and how the word has evolved in Persian literature. You can analyze complex texts where 'بیماری' might be used as a central theme or symbol. Your usage will include idiomatic expressions and rare collocations. You will be able to distinguish between 'بیماری' and its synonyms like 'مرض' or 'علت' in various literary registers. At this level, you can also discuss the ethics of medical treatment and the socio-political implications of 'بیماری' in a globalized world. The focus is on mastery of nuance and the ability to use the word with native-like precision in any context.

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At the C2 level, 'بیماری' is a tool for expert-level communication. You can use the word in highly specialized medical, legal, or literary contexts. You will be familiar with archaic forms and classical poetic uses of the word. You can interpret and produce complex discourse on epidemiology, medical history, and the sociology of health. Your understanding of 'بیماری' includes its role in the collective consciousness of Persian speakers and its representation in various art forms. You can navigate the most formal registers of the language, using the word in academic papers, high-level policy documents, or sophisticated literary critiques. The focus is on complete mastery, allowing for creative and authoritative use of the word in all its dimensions.

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بیماری em 30 segundos

Bimari is the standard Persian noun for illness or disease, used in both formal medical contexts and everyday conversation to describe health issues.
It is derived from 'bimar' (sick/patient) and is often used with verbs like 'mobtala shodan' (to catch) or 'darman kardan' (to treat).
The word can also be used metaphorically to describe social or economic problems, such as 'the disease of corruption' or 'social ills'.
Common collocations include 'bimari-ye ghalbi' (heart disease), 'bimari-ye vagirdar' (infectious disease), and 'pishgiri az bimari' (prevention of disease).

The Persian word بیماری (Bimāri) is a fundamental noun that translates to 'illness', 'disease', or 'sickness'. It is derived from the word بیمار (bimār), meaning 'sick person' or 'patient', combined with the suffix '-i' which transforms the adjective into an abstract noun. In its most literal sense, it refers to a state of physical or mental health impairment. However, its usage extends far beyond the clinical setting into the realms of sociology, psychology, and even politics, where it can describe systemic 'maladies' or social ills.

Etymological Root: The word stems from Middle Persian 'vīmār', which originally implied being without strength or health.

او به یک بیماری نادر مبتلا شده است.

(He has been afflicted with a rare disease.)

Understanding 'Bimari' requires recognizing its broad spectrum. It covers everything from a common cold to chronic, life-threatening conditions. In Persian culture, discussing illness is often met with specific social protocols, such as wishing for health (Arezuye salamati) or visiting the sick (Ayadat). The word is versatile; it can be qualified by adjectives to specify the type of ailment, such as بیماری قلبی (heart disease) or بیماری روانی (mental illness).

Grammatical Function: As a noun, it often acts as the object of verbs like 'داشتن' (to have) or 'گرفتن' (to catch/contract).

پیشگیری بهتر از درمان بیماری است.

(Prevention is better than the cure of disease.)

In academic and medical contexts, 'Bimari' is the standard term used in textbooks, news reports, and medical diagnoses. It carries a weight of seriousness. When someone says they have a 'Bimari', it usually implies a diagnosed condition rather than a temporary malaise. The word is also central to public health discussions, especially concerning 'Bimari-haye vagirdar' (infectious diseases) and 'Bimari-haye khod-imuni' (autoimmune diseases).

این بیماری در سراسر جهان گسترش یافته است.

(This disease has spread throughout the world.)

Metaphorical Use: It can describe corruption or social decay, e.g., 'بیماری فساد' (the disease of corruption).

بیکاری یک بیماری اقتصادی بزرگ است.

(Unemployment is a major economic disease.)

پزشکان در حال تحقیق روی این بیماری هستند.

(Doctors are researching this disease.)

Using 'بیماری' (Bimāri) correctly involves understanding its role in compound structures and its relationship with specific verbs. In Persian, you don't just 'have' a disease in the same way you have a book; while 'dashtan' (to have) is used, often more specific verbs like 'mobtala shodan' (to become afflicted) or 'gereftan' (to catch) are employed to describe the onset of an illness.

Common Verbs: Gereftan (to catch), Mobtala shodan (to be afflicted), Darman kardan (to treat), Pishgiri kardan (to prevent).

او از کودکی با این بیماری دست و پنجه نرم می‌کند.

(He has been struggling with this disease since childhood.)

When describing a specific illness, 'Bimari' usually comes first followed by an adjective or a noun in an Ezafe construction. For example, 'بیماریِ قند' (Diabetes, literally 'sugar disease') or 'بیماریِ عفونی' (Infectious disease). It is important to note that 'Bimari' is the abstract concept, while 'Bimar' is the person. Confusing the two is a common beginner mistake.

Ezafe Construction: Bimari-ye [Type]: Bimari-ye ghalbi (Heart disease), Bimari-ye koliye (Kidney disease).

علائم این بیماری شامل تب و لرز است.

(Symptoms of this disease include fever and chills.)

In formal writing, 'Bimari' is used to discuss statistics, public health policy, and medical research. For instance, 'گسترش بیماری' (the spread of disease) is a common phrase in news headlines. In contrast, in a casual setting, if you want to say 'I am sick', you would say 'Man bimar hastam' or more commonly 'Man halam khub nist' (I don't feel well), rather than using the noun 'Bimari' unless referring to a specific condition.

بسیاری از بیماری‌ها با ورزش قابل پیشگیری هستند.

(Many diseases are preventable with exercise.)

Pluralization: The plural is 'بیماری‌ها' (Bimari-ha), used when discussing multiple types of illnesses.

پزشک درباره خطرات این بیماری هشدار داد.

(The doctor warned about the dangers of this disease.)

او به دلیل بیماری نتوانست به سر کار برود.

(He couldn't go to work due to illness.)

The word 'بیماری' is ubiquitous in Iranian life, appearing in diverse contexts from the sterile halls of a 'Bimarestan' (hospital) to the poetic metaphors of classical literature. In modern Iran, you will hear it most frequently in news broadcasts, especially during health crises or when discussing national health insurance and medical advancements. It is the anchor word for any health-related discussion.

Medical Settings: Hospitals, clinics, and pharmacies use 'Bimari' in every diagnosis and prescription.

اخبار درباره شیوع یک بیماری جدید گزارش داد.

(The news reported on the outbreak of a new disease.)

In educational environments, students learn about 'Bimari' in biology and health classes. It is also a key term in social sciences when discussing 'Bimari-haye ejtemai' (social ills) like poverty or addiction. In the workplace, 'Bimari' is used in the context of 'Morakhasi-ye estelaji' (sick leave), where an employee must provide a 'Gavahi-ye pezeshki' (medical certificate) citing their 'Bimari'.

Media & News: Headlines often feature the word when discussing global pandemics or local health trends.

در این کتاب، نویسنده به بیماری‌های روانی می‌پردازد.

(In this book, the author addresses mental illnesses.)

In literature and cinema, 'Bimari' often serves as a plot device or a symbol of inner turmoil. Iranian films frequently explore the impact of chronic illness on family dynamics, using the word to ground the drama in reality. Furthermore, in religious or spiritual contexts, 'Bimari' might be discussed as a test of patience or a reason for communal prayer and support.

او برای درمان بیماری‌اش به خارج از کشور رفت.

(He went abroad to treat his illness.)

Daily Conversations: People use it when explaining absences or expressing concern for others' health.

آیا این بیماری واگیردار است؟

(Is this disease contagious?)

او متخصص بیماری‌های عفونی است.

(He is a specialist in infectious diseases.)

Learners of Persian often encounter a few stumbling blocks when using 'بیماری'. The most frequent error is confusing the noun 'بیماری' (illness) with the adjective/noun 'بیمار' (sick/patient). For example, saying 'Man bimari hastam' (I am illness) instead of 'Man bimar hastam' (I am sick). Another common mistake involves the misuse of verbs; while in English we 'have' a disease, in Persian, we often 'get' (gereftan) or 'become afflicted with' (mobtala shodan) a disease.

Bimar vs. Bimari: Bimar is the person; Bimari is the condition. Don't swap them!

Incorrect: من بیماری هستم.
Correct: من بیمار هستم.

Another nuance is the distinction between 'Bimari' and 'Nakhoshi'. 'Nakhoshi' is more informal and often refers to a general feeling of being unwell or a minor ailment. Using 'Bimari' for a simple headache might sound overly dramatic or clinical. Additionally, when using 'Bimari' with specific types, learners sometimes forget the Ezafe (the short 'e' sound linking the words), which is crucial for grammatical correctness.

Register Errors: Using 'Bimari' in very casual settings where 'halam khub nist' is more natural.

او به بیماریِ سختی دچار شد.

(He was stricken with a severe illness - note the Ezafe.)

Finally, watch out for the pluralization. While 'Bimari-ha' is common, in some formal contexts, you might see the Arabic-style plural 'Amraz' (plural of 'Maraz'), though this is becoming less common in modern Persian. Stick to 'Bimari-ha' to be safe. Also, avoid using 'Bimari' to mean 'pain'; for pain, the word is 'Dard'. You have a 'Bimari' that causes 'Dard'.

اشتباه: من بیماری در پایم دارم.
درست: من درد در پایم دارم.

Verb Pairing: Don't say 'Bimari kardan'. Use 'Bimar shodan' or 'Mobtala shodan'.

او از این بیماری رنج می‌برد.

(He suffers from this disease.)

این بیماری درمان قطعی ندارد.

(This disease has no definitive cure.)

Persian has several words related to illness, each with its own nuance. Understanding the differences between 'بیماری' (Bimari), 'مرض' (Maraz), 'ناخوشی' (Nakhoshi), and 'علت' (Ellat) will greatly enhance your fluency. While they all touch upon the state of being unwell, their connotations range from clinical to colloquial to archaic.

Bimari vs. Maraz: 'Bimari' is the standard, polite, and clinical term. 'Maraz' (of Arabic origin) is often used more bluntly and can sometimes carry a negative or insulting connotation in slang (e.g., 'Maraz dari?' meaning 'Are you crazy/annoying?').

پزشک بیماری او را تشخیص داد.

(The doctor diagnosed his illness.)

'Nakhoshi' is the go-to word for informal situations. If you have a minor cold or just feel under the weather, 'nakhoshi' is more appropriate than the heavy-sounding 'Bimari'. 'Ellat', while literally meaning 'cause', is sometimes used euphemistically in older Persian or specific dialects to refer to a chronic ailment or disability.

Bimari vs. Nakhoshi: Use 'Bimari' for 'Diabetes'; use 'Nakhoshi' for 'I feel a bit sick today'.

او به خاطر یک ناخوشیِ جزئی نیامد.

(He didn't come because of a minor ailment.)

There is also 'Dard' (pain) and 'Vaj' (ache), which describe the symptoms rather than the disease itself. A 'Bimari' often causes 'Dard'. Another related term is 'Kasalat', which refers to a state of malaise, lethargy, or slight illness, often used very politely in social settings to explain why one isn't at their best.

او دچار کسالت شده است.

(He is feeling slightly unwell/indisposed.)

Summary Table: Bimari (Formal/General), Maraz (Blunt/Slang), Nakhoshi (Informal), Kasalat (Polite/Malaise).

ریشه این بیماری ژنتیکی است.

(The root of this disease is genetic.)

او با بیماری سختی مبارزه می‌کند.

(He is fighting a difficult disease.)

How Formal Is It?

Nível de dificuldade

Gramática essencial

Ezafe construction for nouns and adjectives

Compound verbs with 'shodan' and 'kardan'

Pluralization with '-ha'

Prepositions 'از' (from) and 'به' (to) with health verbs

Subjunctive mood after 'bayad' (must)

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Exemplos por nível

او بیماری دارد.

He has an illness.

Simple subject + object + verb structure.

این بیماری چیست؟

What is this illness?

Interrogative sentence using 'چیست'.

بیماری بد است.

Illness is bad.

Simple adjective-noun relationship.

او به خاطر بیماری به مدرسه نرفت.

He didn't go to school because of illness.

Using 'به خاطر' (because of) with a noun.

بیماری او جدی نیست.

His illness is not serious.

Negation of the verb 'to be'.

من درباره این بیماری می‌دانم.

I know about this illness.

Present tense of 'danestan' (to know).

نام این بیماری چیست؟

What is the name of this disease?

Ezafe construction 'نامِ این بیماری'.

بیماری او تمام شد.

His illness ended (He got better).

Simple past tense.

بیماری‌های زیادی در زمستان وجود دارد.

There are many illnesses in winter.

Plural noun 'بیماری‌ها'.

او یک بیماریِ ساده دارد.

He has a simple illness.

Noun + adjective with Ezafe.

پزشک برای بیماری او دارو داد.

The doctor gave medicine for his illness.

Prepositional phrase 'برایِ بیماری'.

آیا این بیماری واگیردار است؟

Is this disease contagious?

Adjective 'واگیردار' (contagious).

او از بیماری‌اش خسته شده است.

He is tired of his illness.

Present perfect tense.

ما باید از بیماری‌ها پیشگیری کنیم.

We must prevent diseases.

Modal verb 'باید' + subjunctive.

بیماری او کم‌کم بهتر شد.

His illness gradually got better.

Adverbial phrase 'کم‌کم'.

این بیماری در همه جا هست.

This disease is everywhere.

Adverb of place 'همه جا'.

او به یک بیماریِ مزمن مبتلا شده است.

He has been afflicted with a chronic disease.

Compound verb 'مبتلا شدن'.

پیشگیری از بیماری بهتر از درمان است.

Prevention of disease is better than cure.

Comparative structure 'بهتر از'.

این بیماری بر زندگی او تأثیر گذاشت.

This disease affected his life.

Verb 'تأثیر گذاشتن' (to affect).

دانشمندان در حال مطالعه این بیماری هستند.

Scientists are studying this disease.

Continuous present tense.

علائم این بیماری بعد از دو روز ظاهر می‌شود.

The symptoms of this disease appear after two days.

Passive-like structure 'ظاهر شدن'.

او به دلیل بیماری نتوانست در جلسه شرکت کند.

He couldn't attend the meeting due to illness.

Reasoning with 'به دلیل'.

بیماری‌های قلبی در میان بزرگسالان شایع است.

Heart diseases are common among adults.

Adjective 'شایع' (common).

او تمام تلاشش را برای مبارزه با بیماری کرد.

He did his best to fight the disease.

Infinitive phrase 'برای مبارزه'.

گسترش این بیماری باعث نگرانی جهانی شده است.

The spread of this disease has caused global concern.

Causal structure 'باعث ... شده است'.

او تخصص خود را در زمینه بیماری‌های عفونی گرفت.

He got his specialization in the field of infectious diseases.

Prepositional phrase 'در زمینه'.

بیماری‌های روانی باید جدی گرفته شوند.

Mental illnesses must be taken seriously.

Passive voice 'گرفته شوند'.

این دارو عوارض جانبی بیماری را کاهش می‌دهد.

This medicine reduces the side effects of the disease.

Direct object 'عوارض جانبی'.

فقر می‌تواند زمینه‌ساز بسیاری از بیماری‌ها باشد.

Poverty can be the groundwork for many diseases.

Compound adjective 'زمینه‌ساز'.

تشخیص زودهنگام بیماری نقش مهمی در درمان دارد.

Early diagnosis of the disease plays an important role in treatment.

Subject 'تشخیص زودهنگام'.

او کتابی درباره تاریخچه بیماری‌های واگیردار نوشت.

He wrote a book about the history of infectious diseases.

Noun 'تاریخچه' (history).

بیماری او به طور کامل ریشه‌کن شده است.

His disease has been completely eradicated.

Adverbial phrase 'به طور کامل'.

نویسنده در این رمان، فساد را به مثابه یک بیماری توصیف می‌کند.

In this novel, the author describes corruption as a disease.

Metaphorical usage 'به مثابه' (as/like).

اپیدمیولوژیست‌ها در حال بررسی منشأ این بیماری هستند.

Epidemiologists are investigating the origin of this disease.

Technical term 'اپیدمیولوژیست‌ها'.

بیماری‌های خودایمنی چالش بزرگی برای علم پزشکی مدرن هستند.

Autoimmune diseases are a great challenge for modern medical science.

Complex subject 'بیماری‌های خودایمنی'.

او به تحلیل ابعاد اجتماعی و فرهنگی بیماری پرداخت.

He proceeded to analyze the social and cultural dimensions of the disease.

Verb 'پرداختن به' (to proceed/address).

توزیع ناعادلانه دارو مانع از کنترل بیماری در مناطق محروم می‌شود.

Unjust distribution of medicine prevents disease control in deprived areas.

Complex causal sentence.

این بیماری پیامدهای اقتصادی ناگواری برای کشور داشت.

This disease had dire economic consequences for the country.

Adjective 'ناگوار' (dire/unpleasant).

درک ماهیت بیماری مستلزم تحقیقات گسترده آزمایشگاهی است.

Understanding the nature of the disease requires extensive laboratory research.

Verb 'مستلزم بودن' (to require).

او با نگاهی پدیدارشناسانه به تجربه بیماری می‌نگرد.

He looks at the experience of illness with a phenomenological gaze.

Adverb 'پدیدارشناسانه'.

گفتمان حاکم بر پزشکی، بیماری را صرفاً یک اختلال بیولوژیک می‌بیند.

The dominant discourse in medicine sees disease merely as a biological disorder.

High-level vocabulary 'گفتمان حاکم'.

شاعر در اشعارش، تنهایی را بیماریِ روح قلمداد می‌کند.

The poet considers loneliness to be the disease of the soul in his poems.

Verb 'قلمداد کردن' (to consider/deem).

ریشه‌یابی این بیماری در متون کهن پزشکی کار دشواری است.

Tracing the roots of this disease in ancient medical texts is a difficult task.

Gerund 'ریشه‌یابی'.

سیاست‌های بهداشتی باید بر ریشه‌کنی بیماری‌های بومی متمرکز شوند.

Health policies must focus on the eradication of endemic diseases.

Technical term 'بیماری‌های بومی'.

اخلاق پزشکی در مواجهه با بیماری‌های لاعلاج به چالش کشیده می‌شود.

Medical ethics are challenged when facing incurable diseases.

Adjective 'لاعلاج' (incurable).

تطور تاریخی مفهوم بیماری نشان‌دهنده تغییر در باورهای بشری است.

The historical evolution of the concept of disease indicates a change in human beliefs.

Noun 'تطور' (evolution).

او به بررسی اپیدمیولوژیک بیماری‌های مشترک بین انسان و دام پرداخت.

He conducted an epidemiological study of zoonotic diseases.

Scientific term 'بیماری‌های مشترک'.

بیماری در این درام، استعاره‌ای از زوال اخلاقی جامعه است.

In this drama, illness is a metaphor for the moral decay of society.

Noun 'استعاره' (metaphor).

Colocações comuns

بیماری قلبی (Heart disease)

بیماری عفونی (Infectious disease)

بیماری مزمن (Chronic disease)

بیماری روانی (Mental illness)

بیماری واگیردار (Contagious disease)

تشخیص بیماری (Diagnosis of disease)

درمان بیماری (Treatment of disease)

پیشگیری از بیماری (Prevention of disease)

علائم بیماری (Symptoms of disease)

شیوع بیماری (Outbreak of disease)

Frases Comuns

دچار بیماری شدن (To become ill)

مبتلا به بیماری (Afflicted with a disease)

بیماریِ سخت (Severe illness)

بیماریِ خاص (Special/Rare disease)

بیماریِ زمینه‌ای (Underlying condition)

غلبه بر بیماری (Overcoming an illness)

سابقه بیماری (Medical history)

بیماریِ مشترک (Zoonotic disease)

بیماریِ لاعلاج (Incurable disease)

بیماریِ ارثی (Hereditary disease)

Frequentemente confundido com

بیماری vs بیمار (Bimar - the person)

بیماری vs درد (Dard - the pain/symptom)

بیماری vs مریض (Mariz - Arabic synonym for sick person)

Expressões idiomáticas

"بیماریِ عشق (The sickness of love)"

"به بیماریِ خنده دچار شدن (To get a fit of laughter)"

"بیماریِ قدرت (The disease of power - greed)"

"مرض داشتن (To have a 'sickness' - used to describe someone being annoying)"

"درد و بلایت بخورد توی سرم (May your pain/illness hit my head - a term of endearment)"

"بیماریِ قرن (The disease of the century - often referring to stress or cancer)"

"علاج واقعه قبل از وقوع (Curing the event before it happens - prevention)"

"تبِ تند زود عرق می‌کند (A fast fever sweats quickly - easy come easy go)"

"مرگ بر بیماری (Death to illness - a wish for health)"

"بیماریِ ناعلاجِ حسادت (The incurable disease of envy)"

Fácil de confundir

بیماری vs

Padrões de frases

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Como usar

medical

In medical charts, 'Bimari' is the standard heading for 'Diagnosis'.

politeness

Avoid using 'Maraz' in polite company; use 'Bimari' or 'Kasalat'.

metaphorical

Can describe social issues like 'بیماریِ نژادپرستی' (the disease of racism).

Erros comuns

→ من بیمار هستم.
You are a sick person (bimar), not the illness itself (bimari).
→ او سردرد دارد.
For specific pains like a headache, use the specific word (Sardard) rather than 'disease of the head'.
→ این بیماری واگیردار است.
While 'maraz' is technically correct, 'bimari' is much more appropriate and polite.
→ من در پایم درد دارم.
Usually, you have 'pain' (dard) in a limb, not a 'disease' (bimari), unless it's a specific diagnosed condition.
→ بیمار شدن / مبتلا شدن
'Bimari' is a noun and isn't used with 'kardan' to mean 'to be sick'. Use 'bimar shodan'.

Dicas

Using Ezafe with Bimari

Always remember to add the 'ye' sound (بیماریِ) when you follow the word with a description. For example, 'بیماریِ قند' (diabetes). This links the noun to its specific type. Without the Ezafe, the sentence will sound broken and grammatically incorrect to a native speaker.

Bimari vs. Maraz

Stick to 'Bimari' in 99% of situations. 'Maraz' is often too harsh or can be used as an insult. If you want to sound educated and polite, 'Bimari' is your best friend. Only use 'Maraz' if you are reading older literature or if you are very familiar with the person and using slang.

Describing Symptoms

When talking to a doctor, start with 'Man bimari-ye ... daram' if you have a diagnosis. If not, describe your symptoms using 'Dard' (pain) or 'Tab' (fever). Using 'Bimari' implies you already know what is wrong, while describing symptoms helps the doctor find the 'Bimari'.

Visiting the Sick

If a friend has a 'Bimari', it is very important in Iranian culture to call or visit them. This is called 'Ayadat'. Even a short message wishing them 'Salamati' goes a long way. It is considered a sign of 'Ma'refat' (social wisdom and kindness).

Formal Reports

In formal writing, use 'Bimari' to discuss statistics or health trends. Phrases like 'شیوع بیماری' (outbreak of disease) are very common in journalism. Avoid using informal words like 'nakhoshi' in any document that is meant to be professional or academic.

The Final 'i'

The final 'i' in 'Bimari' is long and stressed. Make sure you don't cut it short, or it might sound like 'Bimar' (the person). A clear, long 'ee' sound at the end is crucial for the word to be understood as the noun 'illness'.

The Hospital Link

Connect 'Bimari' to 'Bimarestan' (Hospital). The 'stan' suffix means 'place of'. So, a 'Bimarestan' is a place for 'Bimar' people who have a 'Bimari'. This chain of words will help you remember the entire family of health-related terms.

Metaphorical Sickness

Don't be afraid to use 'Bimari' for social issues. Calling corruption or poverty a 'Bimari' is a powerful way to express that these are problems that need a 'cure' (darman). This is very common in Iranian political and social discourse.

News Keywords

When listening to the news, 'Bimari' is often paired with 'vazat-e behdasht' (Ministry of Health). If you hear these two together, you know the report is about public health, vaccinations, or a new medical discovery.

Using Kasalat

If you are slightly sick and want to be very polite, say 'Kasalat daram' instead of 'Bimari daram'. 'Kasalat' sounds more like a temporary indisposition and is a very 'classy' way to excuse yourself from an event or a meeting.

Memorize

Mnemônico

Think of 'Bimar' as 'Be-mar' (without Mar - health/strength in some dialects). Adding 'i' makes it the concept: 'The state of being without strength'.

Origem da palavra

Middle Persian (Pahlavi)

Contexto cultural

Using 'Kasalat' instead of 'Bimari' is considered more refined in social settings.

Ayadat is a highly recommended social and religious duty in Iran.

Many Iranians still use herbal remedies for common 'Bimari-ha'.

Pratique na vida real

Contextos reais

Iniciadores de conversa

"آیا تا به حال به بیماریِ سختی مبتلا شده‌اید؟"

"به نظر شما بدترین بیماریِ دنیا چیست؟"

"چگونه می‌توانیم از بیماری‌های زمستانی پیشگیری کنیم؟"

"آیا در خانواده شما سابقه بیماریِ خاصی وجود دارد؟"

"نظر شما درباره بیماری‌های روانی در جامعه امروز چیست؟"

Temas para diário

درباره زمانی بنویسید که یک بیماری باعث شد برنامه شما تغییر کند.

چگونه یک بیماری می‌تواند نگاه انسان را به زندگی تغییر دهد؟

نقش ورزش در پیشگیری از بیماری‌ها را توصیف کنید.

اگر می‌توانستید یک بیماری را از جهان ریشه‌کن کنید، کدام را انتخاب می‌کردید؟

تفاوت بین بیماریِ جسمی و بیماریِ روحی از نظر شما چیست؟

Perguntas frequentes

10 perguntas

Bimar is an adjective meaning 'sick' or a noun meaning 'patient'. Bimari is the abstract noun meaning 'illness' or 'disease'. You would say 'The bimar has a bimari'. It is a common mistake for beginners to use 'bimari' when they mean they are feeling sick. Always remember that 'bimari' is the condition itself, while 'bimar' is the person affected by it.

While they both mean disease, 'Maraz' is of Arabic origin and is often used more bluntly. In modern Persian, 'Bimari' is the preferred, polite, and clinical term. 'Maraz' can sometimes be used in a derogatory way or as slang to mean someone is being annoying or acting crazy. For any professional or respectful conversation, 'Bimari' is the correct choice.

You can say 'Man bimari daram', but it sounds very clinical. If you have a specific disease, you say 'Man bimari-ye [name] daram'. If you just want to say you are sick, it is more natural to say 'Man bimar hastam' or 'Man halam khub nist'. Using 'bimari' usually implies a diagnosed medical condition rather than a temporary feeling of being unwell.

Yes, 'Bimari-ye ravani' is the standard term for mental illness. Persian speakers use 'Bimari' to cover both physical and psychological conditions. In recent years, there has been a significant push in Iranian media to treat 'Bimari-ye ravani' with the same seriousness as physical 'Bimari', reducing the stigma associated with the term.

This means 'infectious' or 'contagious' disease. 'Vagirdar' comes from the verb 'vagireftan', which means to catch or take from someone else. This term became very common during the COVID-19 pandemic. It is used to describe any illness that can be transmitted from one person to another, such as the flu, measles, or more serious epidemics.

The plural is 'بیماری‌ها' (Bimari-ha). You simply add the standard Persian plural suffix '-ha' to the end of the word. This is used when talking about diseases in general, such as 'Bimari-ha-ye ghalbi' (heart diseases) or when discussing a list of different medical conditions. The Arabic plural 'Amraz' is rare in modern spoken Persian.

Yes, 'Bimari' is often used metaphorically in Persian poetry to describe the 'sickness' of the soul or the heart due to the absence of a beloved. However, poets often prefer words like 'dard' (pain) or 'gham' (sorrow) because they fit the meter and emotional tone of classical verse more easily than the somewhat clinical 'Bimari'.

This is the Persian term for 'autoimmune disease'. 'Khod' means 'self' and 'imuni' is a loanword for 'immune'. It refers to conditions where the body's immune system attacks its own cells. This is a relatively modern term used in medical and scientific contexts in Iran, reflecting the adoption of international medical terminology.

No, 'Bimari' refers to the disease itself, not the sensation of pain. For pain, you must use the word 'Dard'. For example, you would say 'I have a disease (bimari) that causes a lot of pain (dard)'. Confusing these two can lead to misunderstandings when describing symptoms to a doctor or a friend.

The most direct opposite is 'Salamat' (health) or 'Tandorosti' (wellness). When someone recovers from a 'Bimari', you say they have achieved 'Behbudi' (recovery) or 'Salamati' (health). In Persian culture, wishing someone 'Salamati' is the most common way to express goodwill and hope for their freedom from 'Bimari'.

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