A0 Script & Writing 1 min read Fácil

Armenian Alphabet: The Sacred 39 Letters

Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds

Armenian uses a unique 39-letter alphabet created by Mesrop Mashtots in 405 AD to represent every distinct sound in the language.

  • Read from left to right, just like English.
  • Each letter typically represents one specific sound, making it phonetic.
  • There are no capital letters in the middle of words; use them only at the start of sentences or proper nouns.
Letter (Shape) + Sound (Phoneme) = Word (Meaning)

Alphabet Overview

Letter Name Sound Category
Ա
Ayb
a
Vowel
Բ
Ben
b
Consonant
Գ
Gim
g
Consonant
Դ
Da
d
Consonant
Ե
Yech
e
Vowel
Զ
Za
z
Consonant
Է
E
e
Vowel
Ը
Yt
y
Vowel
Թ
To
t'
Consonant
Ժ
Zhe
zh
Consonant

Common Letter Combinations

Combination Sound Example
ՈՒ
u
տուն (house)
ԵՒ
ev
և (and)

Meanings

The Armenian alphabet is a unique script consisting of 39 letters, designed to capture the exact phonetics of the Armenian language.

1

Phonetic Representation

Using letters to map specific sounds.

“Ա (A)”

“Բ (B)”

2

Cultural Identity

The alphabet as a symbol of Armenian heritage.

“Հայերեն (Armenian language)”

“Մեսրոպ Մաշտոց (Mesrop Mashtots)”

Reference Table

Reference table for Armenian Alphabet: The Sacred 39 Letters
Form Structure Example
Vowel
Standalone
Ա (a)
Consonant
Standalone
Բ (b)
Word Start
Capitalized
Արև (Sun)
Word Middle
Lowercase
մայր (mother)
Digraph
Combined
ՈՒ (u)
Aspirated
Special
Թ (t')

Espectro de formalidade

Formal
Բարև ձեզ

Բարև ձեզ (Greeting)

Neutro
Բարև

Բարև (Greeting)

Informal
Բարև

Բարև (Greeting)

Gíria
Բարև

Բարև (Greeting)

Alphabet Structure

Armenian Alphabet

Vowels

  • Ա a
  • Ե e

Consonants

  • Բ b
  • Գ g

Exemplos por nível

1

Այբ

Ayb

2

Բարև

Hello

3

Գիրք

Book

4

Դու

You

1

Ես սովորում եմ հայերեն:

I am learning Armenian.

2

Սա իմ տունն է:

This is my house.

3

Որտե՞ղ է գրադարանը:

Where is the library?

4

Այսօր շատ լավ օր է:

Today is a very good day.

1

Հայերենի այբուբենը ունի երեսունինը տառ:

The Armenian alphabet has thirty-nine letters.

2

Մեսրոպ Մաշտոցը ստեղծեց այս գրերը:

Mesrop Mashtots created these letters.

3

Ես կարդում եմ հայերեն գրքեր:

I read Armenian books.

4

Գրելը օգնում է հիշողությանը:

Writing helps memory.

1

Հայերենի հնչյունաբանությունը շատ ճշգրիտ է:

Armenian phonology is very precise.

2

Այս տառերը ունեն հազարամյա պատմություն:

These letters have a thousand-year history.

3

Գրական հայերենը հիմնված է այս այբուբենի վրա:

Literary Armenian is based on this alphabet.

4

Տառերի ձևը շատ գեղեցիկ է:

The shape of the letters is very beautiful.

1

Մեսրոպյան գրերը հանդիսանում են հայ մշակույթի հիմքը:

The Mesropian letters serve as the foundation of Armenian culture.

2

Այբուբենի կառուցվածքը թույլ է տալիս ճշգրիտ արտահայտել հնչյունները:

The structure of the alphabet allows for the precise expression of sounds.

3

Հայերենի գրային համակարգը բացառիկ է իր տեսակի մեջ:

The Armenian writing system is unique in its kind.

4

Գրագրությունը պահանջում է տառերի ճիշտ հաջորդականություն:

Writing requires the correct sequence of letters.

1

Հայոց այբուբենի ստեղծումը հեղափոխական քայլ էր հայագիտության մեջ:

The creation of the Armenian alphabet was a revolutionary step in Armenology.

2

Տառերի գեղագրությունը հայկական մշակույթի անբաժանելի մասն է:

The calligraphy of the letters is an inseparable part of Armenian culture.

3

Այբուբենը ծառայել է որպես ազգային ինքնության պահպանման գործիք:

The alphabet has served as a tool for preserving national identity.

4

Հայերենի գրային համակարգի էվոլյուցիան ուսումնասիրության արժանի է:

The evolution of the Armenian writing system is worthy of study.

Fácil de confundir

Armenian Alphabet: The Sacred 39 Letters vs Ո vs ՈՒ

They look similar.

Armenian Alphabet: The Sacred 39 Letters vs Ե vs Է

Both sound like 'e'.

Armenian Alphabet: The Sacred 39 Letters vs Ս vs Մ

Visual similarity.

Erros comuns

Using Latin letters

Using Armenian script

Transliteration is not real writing.

Confusing Ո and ՈՒ

Distinguishing the two

One is 'vo', the other is 'u'.

Ignoring aspiration

Pronouncing correctly

Aspirated letters need a puff of air.

Writing backwards

Left to right

Armenian is LTR.

Misplacing capitals

Capitalize only at start

Armenian doesn't capitalize every noun.

Incorrect letter height

Uniform height

Letters should be consistent.

Mixing fonts

Standard font

Use one style.

Incorrect spelling of loanwords

Standard spelling

Loanwords have specific Armenian forms.

Using wrong 'e' sound

Choosing Ե or Է

They sound similar but are used differently.

Forgetting the 'y' sound

Using Ը

This sound is unique.

Archaic spelling

Modern orthography

Use current standards.

Incorrect punctuation

Standard punctuation

Armenian punctuation differs slightly.

Over-complicating script

Clear writing

Keep it legible.

Padrões de frases

Սա ___ է։

Ես ___ եմ։

___ շատ գեղեցիկ է։

Ես սովորում եմ ___։

Real World Usage

Street signs constant

Երևան

Texting very common

Բարև

Job interviews common

Շնորհակալություն

Food delivery common

Պիցցա

Travel constant

Հյուրանոց

Social media very common

Հայաստան

💡

Practice daily

Writing 5 minutes a day is better than 1 hour once a week.
⚠️

Don't rush

Take time to learn each shape correctly.
🎯

Use flashcards

Flashcards help with letter recognition.
💬

Learn the names

Knowing the names of the letters helps in spelling.

Smart Tips

Group them by sound.

Learning all 39 at once. Learning 5-10 letters per day.

Use lined paper.

Writing on blank paper. Writing on lined paper for consistency.

Read aloud.

Reading silently. Reading aloud to hear the sounds.

Use flashcards.

Looking at a list. Using flashcards for active recall.

Pronúncia

p' (aspirated)

Aspiration

Some letters require a puff of air.

Question

Sentence + ՞

Rising pitch at the end.

Memorize

Mnemônico

Ayb, Ben, Gim, Da — just like A, B, C, D, it starts with the basics.

Associação visual

Imagine the letter 'Ա' as a person standing with arms open. Imagine 'Բ' as a small house with a chimney.

Rhyme

Ayb, Ben, Gim, Da, the letters are here to stay, learn them well and speak the Armenian way.

Story

Once there was a monk named Mesrop who wanted to write down the sounds of his people. He traveled the mountains and found 39 shapes in the stars. He brought them back to his village, and suddenly everyone could read and write.

Word Web

ԱյբուբենՏառՀնչյունԳրելԿարդալԼեզու

Desafio

Write your name in Armenian letters using a transliteration chart.

Notas culturais

The alphabet is a source of national pride.

Used to keep the language alive.

Used in local literature.

Created by Mesrop Mashtots in 405 AD.

Iniciadores de conversa

Do you know the alphabet?

Who created the alphabet?

Why is the alphabet important?

How does Armenian compare to other languages?

Temas para diário

Write the alphabet.
Write your name and country.
Describe your day.
Why learn Armenian?

Erros comuns

Incorrect

Correto


Incorrect

Correto


Incorrect

Correto


Incorrect

Correto

Test Yourself

Fill in the missing letter.

Այբուբե_ (Alphabet)

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: ն
The word is Այբուբեն.
Which is the letter 'A'? Múltipla escolha

Select the correct letter.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Ա
Ա is the first letter.
Fix the spelling. Error Correction

Find and fix the mistake:

Բարեվ (Hello)

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Բարև
Բարև is correct.
Reorder the words. Sentence Reorder

Arrange the words in the correct order:

All words placed

Click words above to build the sentence

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Այբուբենը գեղեցիկ է
Correct word order.
Translate to Armenian. Tradução

House

Answer starts with: Տու...

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Տուն
Տուն means house.
Match letter to sound. Match Pairs

Match each item on the left with its pair on the right:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: a
Ա is 'a'.
Write the letter. Conjugation Drill

Write 'B' in Armenian.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Բ
Բ is 'b'.
Build a sentence. Sentence Building

I am learning.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Ես սովորում եմ
Correct structure.

Score: /8

Exercicios praticos

8 exercises
Fill in the missing letter.

Այբուբե_ (Alphabet)

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: ն
The word is Այբուբեն.
Which is the letter 'A'? Múltipla escolha

Select the correct letter.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Ա
Ա is the first letter.
Fix the spelling. Error Correction

Find and fix the mistake:

Բարեվ (Hello)

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Բարև
Բարև is correct.
Reorder the words. Sentence Reorder

է / գեղեցիկ / Այբուբենը

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Այբուբենը գեղեցիկ է
Correct word order.
Translate to Armenian. Tradução

House

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Տուն
Տուն means house.
Match letter to sound. Match Pairs

Ա - ?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: a
Ա is 'a'.
Write the letter. Conjugation Drill

Write 'B' in Armenian.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Բ
Բ is 'b'.
Build a sentence. Sentence Building

I am learning.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Ես սովորում եմ
Correct structure.

Score: /8

Perguntas frequentes (8)

There are 39 letters in the Armenian alphabet.

It is logical and phonetic, so it's quite manageable.

The standard script is used for everything.

It is better to use the Armenian script.

To represent every distinct sound.

Yes, at the start of sentences.

No, it is a completely different script.

With practice, a few weeks.

Scaffolded Practice

1

1

2

2

3

3

4

4

Mastery Progress

Needs Practice

Improving

Strong

Mastered

In Other Languages

Spanish low

Latin alphabet

Script type.

French low

Latin alphabet

Script type.

German low

Latin alphabet

Script type.

Japanese low

Kana/Kanji

Writing system.

Arabic low

Arabic script

Direction and type.

Chinese low

Hanzi

Writing system.

Learning Path

Prerequisites

Was this helpful?
Nenhum comentário ainda. Seja o primeiro a compartilhar suas ideias!