Esta página no seu idioma

English

فارسی

العربية

Deutsch

Español

Français

日本語

한국어

中文

हिन्दी

B1 noun #2,000 mais comum 10 min de leitura

重大な

judai na Top 2,000

At the A1 level, you don't need to use '重大な' (jūdai na) often, but you might see it in very simple contexts like news headlines. Think of it as a 'super important' word. It is used when something is a big deal. For example, a 'big mistake' or a 'big problem.' At this stage, just remember that 'jū' means heavy and 'dai' means big. So, it's a 'heavy-big' thing. You will mostly use 'taisetsu' (precious) or 'daiji' (important) for now, but if you see '重大', know that the speaker is being very serious. It's like the difference between saying 'This is important' and 'This is a grave matter.' You might hear it on TV when they talk about a big accident. Don't worry about using it in your own speech yet; just recognize it as a sign of something very serious.

At the A2 level, you can start to distinguish '重大な' from '大切な' (taisetsu na). While 'taisetsu' is for things you like or care about (like your family or a gift), '重大な' is for things that have big consequences. For example, if you make a '重大なミス' (jūdai na misu), it means the mistake is very serious and might cause trouble for others. You might encounter this word in simple news stories or formal announcements. It's a 'na-adjective,' so you always use it as '重大な + noun.' Try to notice it when people talk about health or safety. It's a formal word, so it's good to know for when you want to sound more professional or serious. It's not for small things like being late for five minutes, but it is for things like a 'serious illness' (重大な病気).

At the B1 level, you should be able to use '重大な' (jūdai na) in appropriate contexts, especially in business or formal writing. You should understand that it implies gravity and significant impact. For instance, '重大な責任' (jūdai na sekinin) means a grave responsibility that shouldn't be taken lightly. You should also start to see the difference between '重大' and '重要' (jūyō). '重要' is for things that are necessary or have high value, while '重大' is for things that are critical or have severe consequences. If you are writing an essay about social issues, '重大な課題' (jūdai na kadai) is a great phrase to use to describe a serious challenge facing society. You should also be familiar with the phrase '重大に受け止める' (to take seriously), which is common in formal apologies or official statements. This level is where you move from simple 'importance' to 'gravity.'

At the B2 level, you are expected to use '重大な' (jūdai na) with precision in complex sentences. You should understand its collocations, such as '重大な過失' (gross negligence) in legal contexts or '重大な局面' (a critical phase) in project management. You should be able to use it to describe abstract concepts like '重大な意味を持つ' (to have a significant meaning). At this level, you should also be aware of the social and cultural weight the word carries. Using '重大' instead of '重要' signals to your audience that the stakes are high. You might use it in a debate to emphasize the 'momentous' nature of a decision. You should also be able to recognize it in literature or advanced news reports where it might be used to describe historical shifts or major scientific breakthroughs. Your usage should reflect an understanding that this word is for 'high-stakes' scenarios.

At the C1 level, you should have a nuanced command of '重大な' (jūdai na) and its related forms. You should be able to use it in academic or professional discourse to analyze the 'gravity' of various phenomena. You might use the noun form '重大性' (jūdaisei - gravity/seriousness) to discuss the 'seriousness of the problem' (問題の重大性). You should also be comfortable with formal compounds like '重大視する' (to regard as serious) and understand how they function in high-level reporting. At this stage, you can use '重大' to create a specific tone in your writing—one of authority and gravity. You should be able to distinguish it from '深刻' (shinkoku) which is more about the 'deeply troubling' nature of a state, and '致命的' (chimeiteki) which implies a 'fatal' outcome. Your ability to choose '重大' over these other terms will show a deep understanding of Japanese lexical nuances.

At the C2 level, your use of '重大な' (jūdai na) should be indistinguishable from that of a native speaker. You understand the subtle rhetorical power of the word and can use it to frame arguments or narratives with maximum impact. You are aware of its historical and legal connotations, such as its use in constitutional law or international treaties. You can use it ironically or for emphasis in sophisticated ways. You also understand the phonological weight of the word—how the long 'jū' sound contributes to the sense of 'heaviness.' Whether you are writing a legal brief, a philosophical essay, or a high-level corporate strategy, you use '重大' to pinpoint the exact moment or factor that carries the most weight. You are also familiar with rare or archaic compounds involving '重大' and can interpret them in classical or highly formal texts. Your mastery is not just in the meaning, but in the perfect situational application.

Pratique Exemplos Notas e dicas

重大な em 30 segundos

重大な (jūdai na) means serious or grave, focusing on the weight of consequences and the scale of impact in formal situations.
It is a na-adjective used for abstract concepts like mistakes, illnesses, responsibilities, and major turning points in life or history.
Unlike '重要' (important), '重大' emphasizes the potential for crisis or significant change if the matter is not handled correctly.
Commonly found in news, legal documents, and medical reports, it signals that the topic is of the highest priority and gravity.

The Japanese word 重大 (じゅうだい - Jūdai), often used in its adjectival form 重大な (jūdai na), is a powerful term that conveys a sense of extreme importance, gravity, or seriousness. It is composed of two kanji: 重 (heavy/weighty) and 大 (big/great). Together, they literally translate to 'heavy and big,' signifying something that carries immense weight in terms of consequences or implications. Unlike the more common 重要 (jūyō - important), which can refer to anything necessary or significant, 重大 is reserved for situations where the outcome could lead to a crisis, a major turning point, or a life-altering event. It is frequently applied to errors, illnesses, responsibilities, and national or global issues.

Nuance of Gravity: It suggests that the matter at hand is not just 'important' but 'grave.' If a mistake is 重大, it means the repercussions are severe and potentially irreversible.

彼は重大な責任を負っている。(He bears a grave responsibility.)

In medical contexts, 重大な is used to describe a serious condition or a critical stage of an illness. It alerts the listener that the situation is far from trivial. Similarly, in legal or political discourse, a 重大な発表 (jūdai na happyō) refers to a major announcement that could shift public opinion or change laws. The word carries a formal tone and is rarely used for trivial matters like choosing what to eat for lunch, unless used ironically. Understanding this word requires recognizing the 'weight' it places on the subject it modifies.

Scale of Impact: The term implies a large-scale impact. A 重大なミス isn't just a typo; it's a mistake that might crash a system or lose a company millions of yen.

これは重大な問題です。(This is a serious/grave problem.)

Furthermore, the word is often paired with nouns like 局面 (kyokumen - phase/situation) or 決断 (ketsudan - decision). A 重大な局面 is a critical juncture where the next move determines success or failure. In daily conversation, you might hear it in news reports or from a boss during a serious meeting. It commands attention and signals that the listener should prepare for something significant. The emotional weight of 重大 is much heavier than 大切 (taisetsu), which is more about personal value or care.

政府は重大な決断を下した。(The government made a momentous decision.)

Social Context: In Japanese society, where harmony is valued, using 重大 signals that the 'wa' (harmony) has been significantly disrupted or is at risk.

その事故は重大な結果を招いた。(The accident led to serious consequences.)

彼は重大な病気を患っている。(He is suffering from a serious illness.)

Using 重大な (jūdai na) correctly involves understanding its role as a na-adjective. While the root 重大 can function as a noun in specific compounds, it almost always takes な when modifying a noun. The placement is straightforward: 重大な + [Noun]. However, the choice of noun is critical. You wouldn't use it for 'a serious sandwich' or 'a serious hobby' (for those, you'd use 本格的な or 真剣な). 重大な is reserved for abstract concepts that have weight, such as 責任 (responsibility), 問題 (problem), 過失 (negligence), or 局面 (phase).

Grammatical Structure: Noun + は + 重大だ (The noun is serious). Example: 事態は重大だ (The situation is serious).

事態を重大なものと受け止める。(To perceive the situation as something serious.)

In formal writing, you will often see it in the form 重大視する (jūdaishi suru), which means 'to regard as serious' or 'to take seriously.' This is a common expression in news reports when a government or organization is monitoring a situation. Another common pattern is 重大な影響を及ぼす (jūdai na eikyō o oyobosu), meaning 'to exert a serious influence.' This is the standard way to describe how one event significantly impacts another, such as how a policy change affects the economy.

Collocation: Illness: When describing health, 重大な病気 implies something life-threatening or requiring major surgery, unlike ひどい風邪 (a bad cold).

これは重大な規律違反だ。(This is a serious breach of discipline.)

When using it in speech, the intonation should be steady and firm to match the word's gravity. It is a 'hard' word (kango), meaning it sounds more academic and formal than native Japanese 'soft' words (yamato kotoba). Therefore, it is perfectly suited for business presentations, legal documents, and news broadcasting. If you use it in a very casual setting, it might sound like you are being overly dramatic or formal, so use it sparingly with friends unless the topic is truly grave.

彼は重大な秘密を握っている。(He holds a grave secret.)

Comparison with 重要: 重要 (Important) is for value; 重大 (Grave) is for impact and consequence. You have an 'important' meeting, but a 'grave' crisis.

その発見は科学史上、重大な意味を持つ。(That discovery has a significant meaning in the history of science.)

これは我々の将来に関わる重大な事柄だ。(This is a grave matter concerning our future.)

You will encounter 重大な (jūdai na) in various formal and semi-formal contexts. One of the most common places is the evening news (報道番組). When a news anchor announces a '重大なニュース' (breaking/serious news), it usually pertains to national security, a major natural disaster, or a high-profile criminal case. The word sets a somber tone for the broadcast. Similarly, in political speeches, leaders use 重大 to emphasize the urgency of a policy or the gravity of a diplomatic situation, often using phrases like '重大な決意' (a grave determination).

In the Workplace: During a performance review or a crisis meeting, a manager might say, '重大なミスが見つかりました' (A serious mistake was found). This is a signal that the error is not just a minor slip-up but something that requires immediate rectification.

警察はこれを重大な事件として捜査している。(The police are investigating this as a serious incident.)

In medical settings, doctors use 重大 when discussing diagnoses with patients or families. A '重大な病気' (serious illness) or '重大な局面' (critical stage) is used to prepare the family for difficult news. It is a word that demands respect and silence. You might also see it in legal documents or contracts, where '重大な過失' (gross negligence) is a specific legal term that determines liability and the severity of penalties. In this context, the word has precise legal definitions that distinguish it from simple mistakes.

In Literature: Authors use 重大 to describe the weight of a character's choice or the magnitude of a historical event, adding a sense of epic scale to the narrative.

それは歴史的に見て重大な出来事だった。(That was a historically significant event.)

Furthermore, 重大 appears in academic papers, especially in the social sciences and humanities, to discuss '重大な課題' (serious challenges) facing society. It is a staple of formal Japanese discourse. Even in sports, a commentator might describe a '重大なミス' by a player that cost the team the championship. In all these cases, the word acts as a red flag, signaling that the subject is of the highest priority and carries significant consequences.

この決定は会社にとって重大な意味を持つ。(This decision has a serious meaning for the company.)

Public Safety: Announcements regarding '重大な事故' (serious accidents) on trains or highways are common, informing commuters of significant delays.

医師から重大な告知を受けた。(I received a grave announcement from the doctor.)

彼は重大な過失を犯した。(He committed gross negligence.)

One of the most frequent mistakes learners make with 重大な (jūdai na) is confusing it with 重要な (jūyō na). While both translate to 'important' in English, their usage is quite distinct. 重要 is a general-purpose word for anything that matters, like an 'important meeting' or 'important information.' 重大, however, implies gravity and consequence. If you say '重大な会議' (a grave meeting), it sounds like the company is about to go bankrupt or someone is getting fired. Use 重要 for things that are necessary, and 重大 for things that are critical or potentially disastrous.

Mistake 1: Overuse in Casual Contexts: Using 重大 for small personal matters. For example, saying '重大な宿題' (grave homework) is incorrect unless the homework determines your entire future.

❌ これは重大なプレゼントです。
✅ これは大切なプレゼントです。(This is a precious gift.)

Another common error is using 重大な to describe people. In English, we might say 'He is a serious person,' meaning he doesn't joke much. In Japanese, this would be 真面目な人 (majime na hito). If you say 重大な人, it sounds like he is a 'momentous person' (perhaps a historical figure), but it's not a standard way to describe personality. Similarly, for 'serious' as in 'not joking,' use 真剣 (shinken) or 本気 (honki). 重大 is about the weight of the situation, not the attitude of the person.

Mistake 2: Confusing with Serious (Attitude): Do not use 重大 to mean 'serious' in the sense of 'not laughing.' Use 真剣な顔 (a serious face), not 重大な顔.

❌ 彼は重大な性格だ。
✅ 彼は真面目な性格だ。(He has a serious/diligent personality.)

Learners also sometimes forget the な when using it as an adjective. Since it's a na-adjective, you must say 重大な問題, not 重大問題 (though the latter can exist as a compound noun in specific formal contexts, 重大な is safer and more common). Lastly, avoid using it for positive things unless they are truly 'momentous.' A '重大な成功' (momentous success) is possible, but '重大な美味しい' (seriously delicious) is completely wrong—use すごく or めちゃくちゃ instead.

❌ このケーキは重大においしい。
✅ このケーキはすごくおいしい。(This cake is very delicious.)

Mistake 3: Misapplying to Illness: While 重大な病気 is correct for 'serious illness,' don't use it for a temporary bad feeling. For 'I have a serious headache,' use ひどい頭痛.

❌ 重大な風邪をひいた。
✅ ひどい風邪をひいた。(I caught a bad cold.)

❌ 重大な遅刻をした。
✅ 大幅な遅刻をした。(I was significantly late.)

To truly master 重大 (jūdai), you must distinguish it from several close synonyms. The most common point of confusion is 重要 (jūyō). While both involve 'importance,' 重要 is about value and necessity (e.g., 'important documents'), whereas 重大 is about the gravity of the situation and its potential consequences (e.g., 'a grave error'). Another similar word is 深刻 (shinkoku). 深刻 also means 'serious,' but it usually describes a deep, worrying, or worsening state, such as 深刻な悩み (deep worries) or 深刻な水不足 (serious water shortage). It has a more emotional or social 'troubled' nuance.

重大 vs. 重要: 重要: Value-based. 'This is important for the project.'
重大: Consequence-based. 'This mistake will ruin the project.'

これは重要な書類です。(This is an important document.)
これは重大な過失です。(This is a grave negligence.)

Then there is 大事 (daiji) and 大切 (taisetsu). Both are much softer and more common in daily life. 大事 often refers to taking care of something ('Take care of yourself' - お大事に) or something being a 'big deal.' 大切 is more about emotional value or preciousness ('My precious family' - 大切な家族). Neither carries the formal, heavy, 'consequence-driven' weight of 重大. For instance, you wouldn't say your pet is 重大; you would say they are 大切.

重大 vs. 深刻: 重大: Large scale, objective gravity. (e.g., a grave accident).
深刻: Deeply troubling, often subjective or social. (e.g., a serious look on someone's face).

事態は深刻化している。(The situation is becoming serious/worsening.)

Lastly, consider 致命的 (chimeiteki), which means 'fatal' or 'lethal.' This is even stronger than 重大. While a 重大なミス is very serious, a 致命的なミス is one that you cannot recover from—it 'kills' the project or the person. Use 重大 for high-stakes situations and 致命的 for situations that are beyond repair. Understanding these nuances will help you choose the right 'level' of seriousness for any Japanese context.

それは致命的な欠陥だ。(That is a fatal flaw.)

Summary Table: - 重要 (Jūyō): Essential/Important.
- 重大 (Jūdai): Grave/Momentous.
- 深刻 (Shinkoku): Serious/Troubling.
- 大切 (Taisetsu): Precious/Dear.
- 致命的 (Chimeiteki): Fatal/Lethal.

我々は重大な岐路に立っている。(We are standing at a major crossroads.)

How Formal Is It?

Formal

Informal

Nível de dificuldade

Gramática essencial

Exemplos por nível

これは重大なミスです。

This is a serious mistake.

重大な (na-adjective) + ミス (noun).

重大なニュースがあります。

There is serious news.

重大な (na-adjective) + ニュース (noun).

重大な問題ですね。

It's a serious problem, isn't it?

重大な (na-adjective) + 問題 (noun) + ですね (sentence ending).

彼は重大な病気です。

He has a serious illness.

重大な (na-adjective) + 病気 (noun).

重大な約束をしました。

I made a serious promise.

重大な (na-adjective) + 約束 (noun).

これは重大なことです。

This is a serious thing.

重大な (na-adjective) + こと (noun/thing).

重大な事故がありました。

There was a serious accident.

重大な (na-adjective) + 事故 (noun).

重大な話をしましょう。

Let's have a serious talk.

重大な (na-adjective) + 話 (noun) + しましょう (let's).

重大なミスをしないように気をつけてください。

Please be careful not to make a serious mistake.

重大な (na-adjective) + ミス (noun) + をしないように (so as not to).

その事故は重大な結果になりました。

That accident resulted in serious consequences.

重大な (na-adjective) + 結果 (noun) + になりました (became/resulted in).

重大な発表が明日あります。

There will be a serious announcement tomorrow.

重大な (na-adjective) + 発表 (noun).

重大な病気から回復しました。

I recovered from a serious illness.

重大な (na-adjective) + 病気 (noun) + から (from).

これは重大な秘密だから、誰にも言わないで。

This is a grave secret, so don't tell anyone.

重大な (na-adjective) + 秘密 (noun) + だから (because).

重大な決断をしなければなりません。

I have to make a serious decision.

重大な (na-adjective) + 決断 (noun) + しなければなりません (must do).

彼は重大な責任を感じています。

He feels a heavy responsibility.

重大な (na-adjective) + 責任 (noun) + を感じている (is feeling).

重大な局面を迎えています。

We are facing a critical phase.

重大な (na-adjective) + 局面 (noun) + を迎えている (is facing/meeting).

政府は事態を重大に受け止めている。

The government is taking the situation seriously.

重大に (adverbial form of na-adj) + 受け止める (to take/accept).

そのミスは会社にとって重大な損失となった。

That mistake became a serious loss for the company.

重大な (na-adjective) + 損失 (noun) + となった (became).

重大な過失があった場合、契約は解除されます。

If there is gross negligence, the contract will be terminated.

重大な (na-adjective) + 過失 (noun) + があった場合 (in the case that there was).

彼は重大な局面で冷静さを保った。

He remained calm at a critical juncture.

重大な (na-adjective) + 局面 (noun) + で (at/in).

この発見は人類にとって重大な意味を持つ。

This discovery has a significant meaning for humanity.

重大な (na-adjective) + 意味 (noun) + を持つ (to have/hold).

重大な犯罪を防ぐために、警察が動いている。

The police are acting to prevent serious crimes.

重大な (na-adjective) + 犯罪 (noun) + を防ぐために (in order to prevent).

重大な副作用が出る可能性があります。

There is a possibility of serious side effects.

重大な (na-adjective) + 副作用 (noun).

その決断は、彼の人生において重大な転機となった。

That decision became a major turning point in his life.

重大な (na-adjective) + 転機 (noun) + となった (became).

今回の不祥事は、企業の信頼を揺るがす重大な事態だ。

This scandal is a serious situation that shakes the company's trust.

揺るがす (to shake) + 重大な (na-adjective) + 事態 (noun).

重大な規律違反により、彼は解雇された。

He was dismissed due to a serious breach of discipline.

重大な (na-adjective) + 規律違反 (noun) + により (due to).

環境破壊は、地球の未来に関わる重大な課題である。

Environmental destruction is a serious issue concerning the Earth's future.

関わる (to concern/relate to) + 重大な (na-adjective) + 課題 (noun).

重大な局面を乗り切るためには、一致団結が必要だ。

In order to overcome a critical phase, unity is necessary.

重大な (na-adjective) + 局面 (noun) + を乗り切る (to overcome).

その報告書には、重大な欠陥がいくつか見つかった。

Several serious flaws were found in that report.

重大な (na-adjective) + 欠陥 (noun).

重大な関心を持って、推移を見守っている。

We are watching the progress with serious interest.

重大な (na-adjective) + 関心 (noun) + を持って (with).

これは単なるミスではなく、重大な背信行為だ。

This is not just a mistake, but a serious act of betrayal.

重大な (na-adjective) + 背信行為 (noun/act of betrayal).

重大な岐路に立たされた時、人は本性を現す。

When forced into a major crossroads, people reveal their true nature.

重大な (na-adjective) + 岐路 (noun) + に立たされた (was stood/forced into).

裁判所は、被告の行為を重大な人権侵害と認定した。

The court recognized the defendant's actions as a serious human rights violation.

重大な (na-adjective) + 人権侵害 (noun) + と認定した (recognized as).

少子高齢化は、国家の存立に関わる重大な懸念事項だ。

The declining birthrate and aging population is a grave concern affecting the nation's existence.

存立に関わる (concerning existence) + 重大な (na-adjective) + 懸念事項 (noun).

重大な過失致死の疑いで、容疑者が逮捕された。

The suspect was arrested on suspicion of gross professional negligence resulting in death.

重大な (na-adjective) + 過失致死 (noun) + の疑いで (on suspicion of).

この条約の破棄は、国際情勢に重大な波紋を広げるだろう。

The termination of this treaty will likely cause serious ripples in the international situation.

重大な (na-adjective) + 波紋 (noun) + を広げる (to spread ripples).

彼は重大な使命を帯びて、敵地に乗り込んだ。

He went into enemy territory, charged with a grave mission.

重大な (na-adjective) + 使命 (noun) + を帯びて (carrying/charged with).

事態の重大性を鑑み、直ちに特別委員会を設置した。

In view of the seriousness of the situation, a special committee was immediately established.

重大性 (noun form) + を鑑み (in view of).

重大な瑕疵が発見されたため、製品の全回収を決定した。

Due to the discovery of a serious defect, a full product recall was decided.

重大な (na-adjective) + 瑕疵 (noun/defect) + が発見されたため (because it was discovered).

重大な局面において、彼のリーダーシップが試されている。

At this critical juncture, his leadership is being tested.

重大な (na-adjective) + 局面 (noun) + において (at/in).

その言説は、民主主義の根幹を揺るがす重大な挑発である。

That discourse is a serious provocation that shakes the very foundations of democracy.

根幹を揺るがす (shake the foundations) + 重大な (na-adjective) + 挑発 (noun).

重大な背任行為が発覚し、経営陣は総辞職に追い込まれた。

A serious breach of trust was uncovered, forcing the entire management team to resign.

重大な (na-adjective) + 背任行為 (noun) + が発覚し (was uncovered and).

歴史の転換点となる重大な合意が、ようやく形成された。

A momentous agreement that marks a turning point in history was finally formed.

歴史の転換点となる (becoming a turning point of history) + 重大な (na-adjective) + 合意 (noun).

重大な人道上の危機に対し、国際社会は沈黙を守っている。

The international community remains silent in the face of a grave humanitarian crisis.

重大な (na-adjective) + 人道上の危機 (noun/humanitarian crisis).

重大な錯誤に基づいた判断が、取り返しのつかない悲劇を招いた。

A judgment based on a grave error led to an irreversible tragedy.

重大な (na-adjective) + 錯誤 (noun/error) + に基づいた (based on).

重大な機密事項の漏洩は、国家の安全保障を脅かす。

The leakage of serious confidential matters threatens national security.

重大な (na-adjective) + 機密事項 (noun/confidential matters).

重大な瑕疵担保責任を問われ、会社は巨額の賠償金を支払った。

Held liable for serious defects, the company paid a huge amount in damages.

重大な (na-adjective) + 瑕疵担保責任 (noun/defect liability).

重大な局面における一瞬の躊躇が、勝敗を分かつことになった。

A moment's hesitation at a critical juncture ended up deciding the victory or defeat.

重大な (na-adjective) + 局面 (noun) + における (in/at).

Colocações comuns

重大なミス (jūdai na misu) - Serious mistake

重大な責任 (jūdai na sekinin) - Grave responsibility

重大な局面 (jūdai na kyokumen) - Critical phase

重大な過失 (jūdai na kashitsu) - Gross negligence

重大な病気 (jūdai na byōki) - Serious illness

重大な決断 (jūdai na ketsudan) - Momentous decision

重大な発表 (jūdai na happyō) - Serious announcement

重大な影響 (jūdai na eikyō) - Serious influence

重大な意味 (jūdai na imi) - Significant meaning

重大な事件 (jūdai na jiken) - Serious incident

Frases Comuns

重大に受け止める (jūdai ni uketomeru) - To take seriously

重大視する (jūdaishi suru) - To regard as serious

重大な過失を犯す (jūdai na kashitsu o okasu) - To commit gross negligence

重大な局面を迎える (jūdai na kyokumen o mukaeru) - To reach a critical stage

重大な秘密を漏らす (jūdai na himitsu o morasu) - To leak a grave secret

重大な岐路に立つ (jūdai na kiro ni tatsu) - To stand at a major crossroads

重大な結果を招く (jūdai na kekka o maneku) - To lead to serious results

重大な関心を寄せる (jūdai na kanshin o yoseru) - To show serious interest

重大な使命を果たす (jūdai na shimei o hatasu) - To fulfill a grave mission

重大なエラーが発生する (jūdai na erā ga hassei suru) - A serious error occurs

Frequentemente confundido com

重大な vs 重要 (jūyō)

Jūyō is about value/necessity; Jūdai is about gravity/consequence.

重大な vs 深刻 (shinkoku)

Shinkoku is about a worrying/troubling state; Jūdai is about the scale of the matter.

重大な vs 大切 (taisetsu)

Taisetsu is personal/precious; Jūdai is formal/grave.

Expressões idiomáticas

Fácil de confundir

重大な vs

Padrões de frases

[Noun] は重大な問題だ。

[Noun] に重大な影響を及ぼす。

重大な[Noun]を犯す。

重大な[Noun]を下す。

重大な[Noun]を負う。

重大な[Noun]を握る。

重大な[Noun]を迎える。

重大な[Noun]を持つ。

Como usar

nuance

Focuses on the 'weight' and 'consequences' of a situation.

formality

Highly formal. Used in writing and formal speech.

collocation limit

Mainly used with abstract nouns like problem, error, decision, and responsibility.

Erros comuns

Using '重大な' for personality.
Using '重大な' for 'very' (e.g., '重大においしい').
Confusing '重大' with '重要'.
Using '重大な' for a bad cold.
Forgetting 'な' in '重大な問題'.

Dicas

Use for Consequences

Always use '重大な' when the focus is on the consequences of an event. If a mistake will cause a lot of trouble, it's '重大なミス'. This helps distinguish it from '重要', which is just about value.

Don't Forget 'な'

Since '重大' is a na-adjective, remember to add 'な' before the noun. '重大な問題' is correct. In very formal compounds, you might see '重大問題', but as a learner, '重大な' is much more versatile.

Medical Gravity

In medical contexts, '重大な' implies a life-altering or life-threatening condition. Use it when discussing serious health issues to convey the appropriate level of concern and respect for the situation.

Legal Terms

Learn '重大な過失' (gross negligence) as a set phrase. It's a common legal term that appears in contracts and news reports about accidents. Knowing this will help you understand formal Japanese documents.

The Long 'ū'

Make sure to pronounce the long 'ū' in 'jūdai'. If you say 'judai' (short u), it might be harder to understand. The long vowel adds to the 'heavy' feeling of the word, which matches its meaning.

Momentous Success

While usually negative, you can use '重大な' for positive events that are 'momentous' or 'historic.' A '重大な発見' (momentous discovery) sounds much more impressive than just an 'important' one.

Formal Apologies

If you ever need to apologize for a big mistake in a Japanese workplace, using the phrase '重大に受け止めております' (I am taking this seriously) shows that you understand the gravity of your error.

Headline Spotting

Look for '重大' in Japanese news headlines. It's a quick way to identify which stories are the most critical. It's often paired with '事件' (incident), '事故' (accident), or '発表' (announcement).

Weight vs. Value

Think of '重大' as 'weight' and '重要' as 'value.' A heavy rock has '重大' (weight), while a gold key has '重要' (value). This mental image will help you choose the right word every time.

Avoid Casual Overuse

Don't use '重大な' for small things like 'a serious sandwich.' It makes you sound like a news anchor in a kitchen. Stick to 'すごい' or 'とても' for casual emphasis to sound more natural.

Memorize

Mnemônico

Think of a 'Heavy' (重) 'Big' (大) rock falling. That would be a 'Serious' (重大) problem!

Origem da palavra

Sino-Japanese (Kango) origin. The combination of 'heavy' and 'big' has historically been used to describe matters of state, high-level crimes, or life-threatening conditions.

Contexto cultural

Headlines use '重大' to grab attention for high-stakes news.

Using '重大' in an apology shows a high level of remorse.

It separates minor errors from legally punishable negligence.

Pratique na vida real

Contextos reais

Iniciadores de conversa

"最近、何か重大な決断をしましたか？ (Have you made any serious decisions recently?)"

"重大なニュースをどこでチェックしますか？ (Where do you check for serious news?)"

"仕事で重大なミスをしたことがありますか？ (Have you ever made a serious mistake at work?)"

"重大な責任を感じる時はどんな時ですか？ (When do you feel a grave responsibility?)"

"人生で一番重大な転機は何でしたか？ (What was the most significant turning point in your life?)"

Temas para diário

Write about a '重大な決断' (momentous decision) you made in the past year.

Describe a '重大な問題' facing your country and how it might be solved.

Reflect on a time you felt a '重大な責任'.

What does '重大な意味' (significant meaning) look like in your daily life?

Imagine a '重大な発表' you would like to make to the world.

Perguntas frequentes

10 perguntas

No, '重大な' is not used to describe a person's character. If you want to say someone is serious or diligent, use '真面目な' (majime na). If you want to say someone is serious (not joking), use '真剣な' (shinken na). '重大な' is reserved for situations, events, or responsibilities that have heavy consequences.

'大きなミス' (ōkina misu) simply means a 'big mistake' and is used in daily conversation. '重大なミス' is more formal and implies that the mistake has grave consequences, such as legal trouble or a major financial loss. Use '重大な' when you want to emphasize the seriousness of the impact.

Not necessarily, but it is most often used for negative things like errors, illnesses, or crises. However, it can be used for positive things that are 'momentous,' such as a '重大な発見' (momentous discovery) or a '重大な決断' (momentous decision) that leads to success. The key is the 'weight' of the event.

Yes, '重大に' is used as an adverb, most commonly in the phrase '重大に受け止める' (to take seriously). This is a very formal expression used by officials or companies when they are acknowledging a problem or taking responsibility for a situation.

Yes, you will often hear it in anime during dramatic moments. Phrases like '重大な発表がある' (I have a serious announcement) or '重大な秘密' (a grave secret) are common tropes used to build tension and move the plot forward. It sounds very dramatic and high-stakes.

Yes, '重大な怪我' (jūdai na kega) is correct for a serious or life-threatening injury. However, for a 'bad' injury that isn't necessarily grave, people often use 'ひどい怪我' (hidoi kega). '重大な' adds a level of clinical or legal gravity to the description.

'重大視する' (jūdaishi suru) means 'to regard as serious' or 'to view with gravity.' It is a formal verb used in news reports to describe how a government or organization is reacting to an event. For example, '政府はこの問題を重大視している' (The government views this problem as serious).

Yes, '重大' can function as a noun, especially in formal writing or compounds. For example, '重大に及ぶ' (to reach a serious state). However, in most common usage, it functions as a na-adjective modifying a noun with 'な'.

The most natural way to say 'grave responsibility' is '重大な責任' (jūdai na sekinin). This implies that the responsibility is heavy and that failing to fulfill it would have serious consequences. It is a common phrase in business and politics.

Usually, '重要な情報' (jūyō na jōhō) is used for 'important information.' You would only use '重大な情報' if the information is 'grave' or 'critical,' such as information about a bomb threat or a major market crash. '重要' is the standard word for 'important' information.