고장 em 30 segundos
- '고장' (gojang) means a breakdown or malfunction of a device or system.
- '고장' is a noun, often used with verbs like '나다' (to happen) or '이다' (to be).
- Commonly used for cars, phones, appliances, and machines.
- Core Meaning
- The Korean word '고장' (gojang) refers to a state of being broken, malfunctioning, or out of order. It is most commonly used to describe mechanical or electronic devices that are not working properly. Think of it as a breakdown or a failure in a system.
- Contexts
- You will hear '고장' used in everyday situations when discussing anything from household appliances to vehicles, and even larger systems like public transportation or machinery in a factory. If something that is supposed to work suddenly stops working, it has likely experienced '고장'. It implies a physical or technical defect that prevents normal operation.
- Nuance
- While '고장' primarily signifies a mechanical or electronic failure, it can sometimes be used metaphorically, though less commonly, to describe something that is not functioning as intended in a broader sense, like a plan or a system. However, its primary and most frequent usage is for physical breakdowns.
The washing machine is broken: 세탁기가 고장 났어요. (Setakgiga gojang nass-eoyo.)
My phone has a malfunction: 제 핸드폰이 고장이에요. (Je haendeuponi gojang-ieyo.)
The elevator is out of order: 엘리베이터가 고장났습니다. (Ellibeiteoga gojangnass-seumnida.)
- Basic Structure
- The most common way to use '고장' is with the verb '나다' (nada), meaning 'to break down' or 'to have a malfunction'. The structure is typically: [Thing] + 이/가 (subject particle) + 고장 + 나다 (conjugated).
- Examples with '나다'
- 1. **Car:** 제 차가 고장 났어요. (Je cha-ga gojang nass-eoyo.) - My car broke down.
2. **Computer:** 컴퓨터가 고장 났습니다. (Keompyuteo-ga gojang nass-seumnida.) - The computer broke down.
3. **Refrigerator:** 냉장고가 고장 나서 음식이 상했어요. (Naengjanggo-ga gojang naseo eumshik-i sanghaess-eoyo.) - The refrigerator broke down, so the food spoiled.
4. **Traffic Lights:** 신호등이 고장 나서 차가 많이 막혔어요. (Sinhodeung-i gojang naseo cha-ga mani makhyeoss-eoyo.) - The traffic lights broke down, so there was a lot of traffic. - Using with '이다'
- Another common way to express that something is broken is to use '고장' as a noun with the verb '이다' (ida - to be). The structure is: [Thing] + 이/가 (subject particle) + 고장 + 이다 (conjugated).
- Examples with '이다'
- 1. **Phone:** 제 핸드폰이 고장이에요. (Je haendeupon-i gojang-ieyo.) - My phone is broken.
2. **Watch:** 이 시계는 고장이네. (I shigye-neun gojang-ine.) - This watch is broken.
3. **Printer:** 프린터가 고장이라서 출력이 안 돼요. (Peurinteo-ga gojang-ira-seo chullyeog-i an dwaeyo.) - The printer is broken, so I can't print. - Describing the Cause
- You can also describe the reason for the breakdown or the state of being broken.
- Examples of Description
- 1. **Due to age:** 오래돼서 고장이 잦아요. (Oraedwaeseo gojang-i jajahyo.) - It breaks down often because it's old.
2. **Specific part:** 부품 고장으로 작동하지 않습니다. (Bupum gojang-euro jakdonghaji anseumnida.) - It doesn't work due to a part malfunction.
3. **Repair:** 고장난 기계를 수리했어요. (Gojangnan gigye-reul surihaess-eoyo.) - I repaired the broken machine.
- Everyday Appliances
- You'll hear '고장' frequently when discussing household items. Imagine a conversation about a broken washing machine, a malfunctioning refrigerator, or a TV that suddenly stopped working. A common scenario is calling a repair person: '저희 집 세탁기가 고장 났는데요, 수리 좀 부탁드립니다.' (My home washing machine has broken down, could you please come for a repair?). Or perhaps complaining to a friend: '어제 믹서기가 고장 나서 아침에 주스를 못 마셨어.' (Yesterday the blender broke down, so I couldn't drink juice this morning.)
- Vehicles and Transportation
- Cars, buses, subways, and even bicycles can experience '고장'. If you're in Korea and hear announcements on the subway, you might hear: '이 열차는 고장으로 인해 운행이 지연되고 있습니다.' (This train's operation is delayed due to a breakdown.) Or in a conversation about car trouble: '차가 고장 나서 택시를 탔어요.' (My car broke down, so I took a taxi.)
- Electronics and Gadgets
- Smartphones, computers, and other electronic devices are frequent subjects of '고장'. A student might say: '노트북이 고장 나서 과제를 못 하고 있어요.' (My laptop is broken, so I can't do my assignment.) Or a tech support interaction: '휴대폰 화면이 고장난 것 같아요.' (I think my phone screen is broken.)
- Public Facilities and Infrastructure
- Even public amenities can break down. You might see signs saying: '엘리베이터 고장 안내' (Elevator breakdown notice) or hear about a malfunctioning ATM: '현금 인출기가 고장났어요.' (The ATM is broken.)
- Workplace and Industrial Settings
- In factories or offices, machinery and equipment can fail. A mechanic might report: '이 기계는 주요 부품 고장으로 가동을 멈췄습니다.' (This machine stopped operating due to a major part failure.)
A notice at a public restroom: '급수 고장으로 인해 사용이 불가합니다.' (Due to a water supply malfunction, usage is not possible.)
A conversation between friends: '내 핸드폰 고장 났어. 액정이 깨졌어.' (My phone broke down. The screen cracked.)
- Using '고장' as a Verb
- One common mistake for learners is to try and use '고장' directly as a verb, like 'I 고장'. Remember, '고장' is a noun. To express the action of breaking down, you need to combine it with a verb like '나다' (nada - to occur/happen) or '이다' (ida - to be).
- Incorrect: 나는 고장했어요. (Naneun gojanghaess-eoyo.) - I broke down. (This sounds like a person is malfunctioning.)
- Correct: 제 컴퓨터가 고장 났어요. (Je keompyuteo-ga gojang nass-eoyo.) - My computer broke down.
- Confusing '고장' with '망가지다'
- While '망가지다' (manggajida) also means to break or get ruined, '고장' specifically refers to a functional breakdown or malfunction of a device or system, implying it can often be repaired. '망가지다' can sometimes imply more severe damage or ruin, making something irreparable.
- Incorrect Usage:
- Using '망가지다' for a simple electronic failure that is easily fixable might sound a bit too strong. Conversely, using '고장' for something that is completely destroyed might not convey the full extent of the damage.
- Correct Usage:
- For a car engine failure: 자동차 엔진이 고장 났어요. (Jadongcha enjin-i gojang nass-eoyo.) - The car engine broke down.
For a vase that shattered: 꽃병이 망가졌어요. (Kkotbyeong-i manggajyeoss-eoyo.) - The vase got ruined/broken. - Misplacing Particles
- Incorrect placement of subject particles (이/가) or object particles (을/를) can lead to confusion. When using '고장 나다', the thing that breaks down takes the subject particle.
- Incorrect:
- 세탁기를 고장 났어요. (Setakgi-reul gojang nass-eoyo.) - This implies the washing machine caused something else to break down.
- Correct:
- 세탁기가 고장 났어요. (Setakgi-ga gojang nass-eoyo.) - The washing machine broke down.
- 고장 (gojang)
- **Meaning:** Breakdown, malfunction, mechanical failure. Primarily used for devices and systems that stop working correctly. Often implies repairability.
- 망가지다 (manggajida)
- **Meaning:** To break, to get ruined, to be damaged. This verb can imply more severe damage than '고장'. It can be used for both inanimate objects and sometimes metaphorically for plans or relationships. It can suggest something is beyond simple repair.
- Comparison:
- - **Device failure:** '고장' is preferred for a computer that stops working. '망가지다' could be used if the computer is severely damaged, like from a fall.
- Example:
- - 컴퓨터가 고장 났어요. (My computer broke down.)
- 아이가 장난감 자동차를 망가뜨렸어요. (The child broke the toy car.) (Note: '망가뜨리다' is the transitive form of '망가지다', meaning to break something.) - 고장 (gojang) vs. 작동 불능 (jakdong bulleung)
- **작동 불능 (jakdong bulleung):** Literally means 'non-operation' or 'inoperable'. This is a more formal and technical term, often used in official notices or technical reports. It describes the state of not functioning.
- Comparison:
- - '고장' is the common, everyday term for a breakdown. '작동 불능' is more formal and emphasizes the inability to operate.
- Example:
- - 엘리베이터 고장으로 이용이 제한됩니다. (Use is restricted due to elevator breakdown.)
- 해당 기기는 현재 작동 불능 상태입니다. (This device is currently in an inoperable state.) - 고장 (gojang) vs. 오류 (oryu)
- **오류 (oryu):** Error, mistake, fault. This term is typically used for software errors, logical mistakes, or incorrect data. It's less about a physical breakdown and more about a flaw in code or logic.
- Comparison:
- - '고장' applies to physical or mechanical issues. '오류' applies to digital or logical issues.
- Example:
- - 프린터 고장으로 인쇄가 안 돼요. (I can't print due to the printer breakdown.)
- 소프트웨어에 오류가 발생했습니다. (An error occurred in the software.)
How Formal Is It?
Curiosidade
While '고장' literally means 'obstacle' or 'blockage', its modern usage has specifically narrowed down to the context of mechanical or electronic failures. It's interesting how the meaning evolved from a general obstacle to a specific type of malfunction.
Guia de pronúncia
- Pronouncing '고' like 'goo'.
- Not nasalizing the final 'ng' sound in '장'.
- Confusing the vowel sound in '장' with 'jeong'.
Nível de dificuldade
The word '고장' is common and usually appears in straightforward contexts related to broken objects. Understanding its meaning is generally easy for learners at this level. The complexity comes from the surrounding grammar and vocabulary used to describe the situation.
Using '고장' correctly requires understanding its noun form and how to combine it with verbs like '나다' or '이다'. Learners might initially struggle with particle usage or verb conjugation, but the core concept is accessible.
Pronunciation is relatively straightforward. The main challenge in speaking is recalling the correct grammatical structures ('고장 나다' vs. '고장 이다') and using particles accurately in spontaneous speech.
When hearing '고장', learners should be able to identify it as referring to a breakdown. The surrounding context will usually make it clear what item has malfunctioned.
O que aprender depois
Pré-requisitos
Aprenda a seguir
Avançado
Gramática essencial
Using '-(으)서' to indicate cause/reason.
냉장고가 고장 나서 음식이 상했어요. (The refrigerator broke down, so the food spoiled.)
Using '-는 것 같다' to express likelihood or opinion.
이 기계는 고장 나는 것 같아요. (It seems like this machine is breaking down.)
Using '-기 때문에' for a more formal reason clause.
기계 고장 때문에 생산이 중단되었습니다. (Production was suspended due to the machine breakdown.)
Using '-아/어서' as a connective ending to link sequential actions or causes.
차가 고장 나서 버스 정류장까지 걸어갔어요. (The car broke down, so I walked to the bus stop.)
Using the passive form with '-되다' for things that are broken or made inoperable.
네트워크 장비가 고장되어 서비스 이용이 제한됩니다. (Network equipment is broken, so service usage is restricted.)
Exemplos por nível
이 장난감은 고장 났어요.
This toy is broken.
차가 고장 났어요.
The car is broken down.
텔레비전이 고장이에요.
The television is broken.
컴퓨터 고장.
Computer breakdown.
세탁기 고장 났어요.
The washing machine broke down.
휴대폰 고장.
Phone breakdown.
기계가 고장 났어요.
The machine broke down.
이것 고장이에요?
Is this broken?
냉장고가 고장 나서 음식이 상했어요.
The refrigerator broke down, so the food spoiled.
'고장 나서' - because it broke down.
엘리베이터가 고장 났습니다.
The elevator is out of order.
Formal ending '-습니다'.
제 자전거가 고장 났어요. 탈 수 없어요.
My bicycle broke down. I can't ride it.
'탈 수 없어요' - cannot ride.
어제 산 시계가 벌써 고장 났어요.
The watch I bought yesterday already broke down.
'벌써' - already.
이 프린터는 자주 고장 나는 것 같아요.
This printer seems to break down often.
'자주' - often; '-는 것 같아요' - seems like.
내비게이션이 고장 나서 길을 잃었어요.
The navigation system broke down, so I got lost.
'길을 잃었어요' - got lost.
계산기가 고장 났으니 손으로 계산해야 해요.
The calculator is broken, so I have to calculate by hand.
'손으로 계산해야 해요' - have to calculate by hand.
공장이 고장으로 멈췄어요.
The factory stopped due to a breakdown.
'멈췄어요' - stopped.
업무용 노트북이 갑자기 고장 나 바람에 중요한 자료를 잃을 뻔했습니다.
My work laptop suddenly broke down, and I almost lost important data.
'업무용' - for work; '갑자기' - suddenly; '바람에' - due to/because of; '잃을 뻔했습니다' - almost lost.
에어컨이 고장 나서 무더운 여름을 힘들게 보내고 있습니다.
The air conditioner is broken, so we are having a difficult time in the hot summer.
'무더운' - hot and humid; '힘들게 보내고 있습니다' - are spending with difficulty.
신호등이 고장 나서 교통이 마비되었습니다.
The traffic lights broke down, and traffic came to a standstill.
'교통이 마비되었습니다' - traffic was paralyzed/came to a standstill.
이 오래된 기계는 잦은 고장으로 인해 수리 비용이 많이 듭니다.
This old machine incurs high repair costs due to frequent breakdowns.
'잦은' - frequent; '수리 비용' - repair cost; '많이 듭니다' - costs a lot.
고장 난 자동차를 길가에 세워두고 대중교통을 이용했습니다.
I parked the broken-down car on the roadside and used public transportation.
'길가에 세워두고' - parked on the roadside.
휴대폰 배터리가 고장 난 것 같아요. 충전이 되지 않아요.
I think the phone battery is broken. It's not charging.
'배터리' - battery; '충전이 되지 않아요' - it doesn't charge.
안내 방송 시스템이 고장 나서 승객들에게 제대로 된 정보를 전달할 수 없었습니다.
The announcement system broke down, so we couldn't provide proper information to passengers.
'안내 방송 시스템' - announcement system; '제대로 된 정보' - proper information; '전달할 수 없었습니다' - could not deliver.
전자레인지가 고장 나서 음식을 데울 수 없어 불편합니다.
The microwave broke down, so it's inconvenient as I can't heat food.
'전자레인지' - microwave oven; '데울 수 없어' - cannot heat up; '불편합니다' - it is inconvenient.
차량의 주요 부품이 고장 나면서 운행 중단이라는 최악의 상황을 맞이했습니다.
As a major component of the vehicle broke down, we faced the worst situation of operation suspension.
'주요 부품' - major component; '운행 중단' - suspension of operation; '최악의 상황' - the worst situation.
정수기의 고장으로 인해 깨끗한 물을 마실 수 없어 매우 곤란한 상황입니다.
Due to the water purifier's malfunction, we are in a very difficult situation as we cannot drink clean water.
'정수기' - water purifier; '깨끗한 물' - clean water; '곤란한 상황' - difficult situation.
최신 스마트폰의 잦은 시스템 고장은 사용자들의 불만을 증폭시키고 있습니다.
Frequent system breakdowns in the latest smartphones are amplifying user dissatisfaction.
'시스템 고장' - system breakdown; '불만' - dissatisfaction; '증폭시키고 있습니다' - are amplifying.
건물의 냉난방 시스템이 고장 나서 입주민들이 큰 불편을 겪고 있습니다.
The building's heating and cooling system has broken down, causing great inconvenience to the residents.
'냉난방 시스템' - heating and cooling system; '입주민들' - residents; '큰 불편을 겪고 있습니다' - are experiencing great inconvenience.
고장 난 엘리베이터 대신 계단을 이용해야 하는 노약자들에게는 안전상의 문제가 제기됩니다.
Safety issues are raised for the elderly and infirm who must use the stairs instead of the broken elevator.
'노약자들' - the elderly and infirm; '안전상의 문제' - safety issue; '제기됩니다' - are raised.
산업 현장에서 기계 고장은 생산성 저하와 더불어 심각한 안전사고로 이어질 수 있습니다.
In industrial sites, machine breakdowns can lead to decreased productivity as well as serious safety accidents.
'산업 현장' - industrial site; '생산성 저하' - decreased productivity; '안전사고' - safety accident.
오래된 항공기 부품의 고장 가능성은 승객들의 안전을 심각하게 위협합니다.
The possibility of breakdown in old aircraft parts seriously threatens passenger safety.
'항공기 부품' - aircraft parts; '가능성' - possibility; '위협합니다' - threatens.
네트워크 장비의 고장으로 인해 전국적인 통신망에 장애가 발생했습니다.
A nationwide communication network failure occurred due to the malfunction of network equipment.
'네트워크 장비' - network equipment; '통신망' - communication network; '장애' - failure/disruption.
정교한 과학 실험 장비의 고장은 연구 일정에 치명적인 차질을 빚을 수 있습니다.
The malfunction of sophisticated scientific experiment equipment can cause critical disruptions to the research schedule.
'정교한' - sophisticated; '치명적인 차질' - critical disruption; '빚을 수 있습니다' - can cause/lead to.
도시의 전력 공급 시스템에 발생한 고장은 시민들의 일상생활에 막대한 영향을 미쳤습니다.
The breakdown in the city's power supply system had a massive impact on the daily lives of citizens.
'전력 공급 시스템' - power supply system; '막대한 영향' - massive impact.
금융 시스템의 고장은 경제 전반에 걸쳐 신뢰도 하락이라는 파급 효과를 초래할 수 있습니다.
A breakdown in the financial system can lead to ripple effects of decreased credibility across the entire economy.
'금융 시스템' - financial system; '신뢰도 하락' - decrease in credibility; '파급 효과' - ripple effect; '초래할 수 있습니다' - can cause/bring about.
항공 교통 관제 시스템의 고장은 수많은 항공편의 지연 및 취소를 야기할 수 있습니다.
A malfunction in the air traffic control system can cause delays and cancellations of numerous flights.
'항공 교통 관제 시스템' - air traffic control system; '야기할 수 있습니다' - can cause/lead to.
고장 난 생산 설비로 인해 예상치 못한 생산량 감소는 기업의 수익성에 심각한 타격을 줄 수 있습니다.
Unexpected decreases in production volume due to malfunctioning production facilities can severely impact a company's profitability.
'생산 설비' - production facilities; '예상치 못한' - unexpected; '수익성' - profitability; '심각한 타격' - severe blow/impact.
데이터 센터의 서버 고장은 광범위한 서비스 중단으로 이어져 기업의 명성에 큰 손상을 입힐 수 있습니다.
A server breakdown in a data center can lead to widespread service outages, causing significant damage to a company's reputation.
'데이터 센터' - data center; '광범위한' - widespread; '서비스 중단' - service outage; '명성' - reputation; '손상을 입힐 수 있습니다' - can inflict damage.
정밀 의료 기기의 고장은 환자의 생명과 직결될 수 있으므로 철저한 관리가 요구됩니다.
As the malfunction of precision medical equipment can be directly linked to a patient's life, thorough management is required.
'정밀 의료 기기' - precision medical equipment; '직결될 수 있으므로' - as it can be directly linked to; '철저한 관리' - thorough management; '요구됩니다' - is required.
고장 난 인프라 시설은 도시의 기능 마비를 초래하고 경제적 손실을 야기하는 주요 원인이 됩니다.
Broken infrastructure facilities lead to the paralysis of a city's functions and become a major cause of economic loss.
'인프라 시설' - infrastructure facilities; '기능 마비' - paralysis of function; '경제적 손실' - economic loss.
첨단 우주 탐사선의 제어 시스템 고장은 임무의 성공 여부를 결정짓는 중대한 요인이 될 수 있습니다.
A breakdown in the control system of an advanced space probe can be a critical factor determining the mission's success.
'첨단' - cutting-edge/advanced; '우주 탐사선' - space probe; '제어 시스템' - control system; '결정짓는' - determining; '중대한 요인' - critical factor.
국가 안보와 직결된 군사 장비의 고장은 잠재적인 위협에 대한 대응 능력을 현저히 저하시킬 수 있습니다.
A malfunction in military equipment directly linked to national security can significantly degrade the ability to respond to potential threats.
'국가 안보' - national security; '군사 장비' - military equipment; '잠재적인 위협' - potential threat; '대응 능력' - response capability; '현저히 저하시킬 수 있습니다' - can significantly degrade.
글로벌 공급망의 핵심 허브 역할을 하는 항만 시설의 고장은 전 세계 무역 흐름에 심각한 혼란을 야기할 수 있습니다.
A breakdown in port facilities, which serve as a key hub in the global supply chain, can cause severe disruption to worldwide trade flows.
'글로벌 공급망' - global supply chain; '핵심 허브' - key hub; '항만 시설' - port facilities; '전 세계 무역 흐름' - worldwide trade flows; '심각한 혼란' - severe disruption.
고도로 자동화된 산업 생산 라인의 고장은 생산 중단뿐만 아니라 연쇄적인 부품 고장으로 이어질 위험을 내포하고 있습니다.
A breakdown in a highly automated industrial production line carries the risk of not only production stoppage but also leading to a chain reaction of component failures.
'고도로 자동화된' - highly automated; '연쇄적인' - chain reaction/consecutive; '위험을 내포하고 있습니다' - carries the risk.
인공지능 기반의 자율 주행 시스템의 예기치 못한 고장은 인간의 개입 없이는 치명적인 사고로 이어질 가능성이 있습니다.
An unexpected malfunction in an AI-based autonomous driving system has the potential to lead to a fatal accident without human intervention.
'인공지능 기반' - AI-based; '자율 주행 시스템' - autonomous driving system; '예기치 못한' - unexpected; '인간의 개입' - human intervention; '치명적인 사고' - fatal accident.
수십 년간 사용되어 온 오래된 원자력 발전소의 제어 시스템 고장은 잠재적으로 재앙적인 결과를 초래할 수 있습니다.
A breakdown in the control system of an old nuclear power plant, used for decades, could potentially lead to catastrophic consequences.
'원자력 발전소' - nuclear power plant; '잠재적으로' - potentially; '재앙적인 결과' - catastrophic consequences.
고장 난 심장 박동기(Pacemaker)는 환자의 생명 유지 장치로서 즉각적인 수리 또는 교체가 시급합니다.
A malfunctioning pacemaker, as a life-sustaining device for the patient, urgently requires immediate repair or replacement.
'심장 박동기' - pacemaker; '생명 유지 장치' - life-sustaining device; '즉각적인 수리 또는 교체' - immediate repair or replacement; '시급합니다' - is urgent.
지하철 운행 시스템의 치명적인 고장은 도시 교통망 전체를 마비시키고 수백만 명의 시민에게 막대한 불편을 초래할 수 있습니다.
A critical failure in the subway operation system can paralyze the entire urban transportation network and cause immense inconvenience to millions of citizens.
'치명적인 고장' - critical failure; '도시 교통망 전체' - entire urban transportation network; '막대한 불편' - immense inconvenience.
Colocações comuns
Frases Comuns
— To break down; to malfunction.
제 컴퓨터가 고장 났어요. 그래서 일을 못 하고 있어요. (My computer broke down. That's why I can't work.)
— It is broken; it is malfunctioning.
이 자판기는 고장이에요. 돈을 넣어도 작동하지 않아요. (This vending machine is broken. It doesn't work even if I put money in.)
— Machine breakdown; mechanical failure.
공장에서 기계 고장이 발생하여 생산이 중단되었습니다. (Production was halted due to a machine breakdown at the factory.)
— Vehicle breakdown; car malfunction.
갑작스러운 차량 고장 때문에 약속 시간에 늦었습니다. (I was late for the appointment due to a sudden vehicle breakdown.)
— Electronic product malfunction.
새로 산 전자제품 고장으로 인해 교환을 요청했습니다. (I requested an exchange due to a malfunction in the newly purchased electronic product.)
— Frequent breakdowns; recurring malfunctions.
이 오래된 프린터는 잦은 고장으로 사용자들을 힘들게 합니다. (This old printer causes users trouble due to frequent breakdowns.)
— Component failure; part malfunction.
특정 부품 고장으로 인해 장비 전체가 작동하지 않습니다. (The entire equipment is not working due to a specific component failure.)
— Serious breakdown; major malfunction.
이번 심각한 고장은 수리 비용이 많이 들 것으로 예상됩니다. (This serious breakdown is expected to incur high repair costs.)
— Repair of a breakdown; fixing a malfunction.
고장난 세탁기의 수리를 의뢰했습니다. (I requested the repair of the broken washing machine.)
— Cause of breakdown; reason for malfunction.
정확한 고장 원인을 파악하기 위해 전문가가 조사 중입니다. (An expert is investigating to identify the exact cause of the breakdown.)
Frequentemente confundido com
'고장' specifically refers to a functional breakdown of a device or system, implying it can often be repaired. '망가지다' can imply more severe damage or ruin, making something irreparable or completely broken.
'고장' is used for physical or mechanical failures, while '오류' (error) is used for software bugs, logical mistakes, or incorrect data. A computer might have a '고장' (hardware issue) or an '오류' (software issue).
'고장' is the common, everyday term for a breakdown. '작동 불능' is a more formal and technical term meaning 'inoperable' or 'non-operational', often used in official notices.
Expressões idiomáticas
— Literally 'to break down'. This is the most common phrase used when a device or machine stops working.
차가 갑자기 고장 나서 길에 멈춰 섰어요.
Neutral— Literally 'is a breakdown'. Used to state that something is currently in a broken state.
이 텔레비전은 고장이에요. 화면이 안 나와요.
Neutral— Literally 'breakdown gap'. Refers to an opportunity arising from a breakdown or malfunction, often used metaphorically for unexpected chances.
경쟁사의 제품 고장 틈을 타서 우리 제품을 홍보해야 한다.
Figurative/Informal— Literally 'a broken person'. This is a figurative and sometimes derogatory way to refer to someone who is mentally or emotionally unstable, or not functioning correctly.
그는 정신적으로 고장 난 사람처럼 행동했다.
Figurative/Informal/Potentially Offensive— Literally 'a broken world'. Refers to a world that seems chaotic, unjust, or not functioning as it should.
이런 불행한 사건들을 보면 세상이 고장 난 것 같다는 생각이 든다.
Figurative/Poetic— To break something; to cause a malfunction. (Transitive form)
아이가 실수로 리모컨을 고장 냈어요.
Neutral— Because it broke down; due to a malfunction. (Connective form)
컴퓨터가 고장 나서 인터넷을 못 하고 있어요.
Neutral— Caution: Malfunction; Warning: Breakdown.
이 기계는 고장 주의 표지판이 붙어 있습니다.
Formal/Informational— Report of a breakdown; malfunction report.
고장난 수도를 신고해야 합니다.
Neutral— Repair of a breakdown; fixing a malfunction.
기계 고장 수리 기사님이 오셨어요.
NeutralFácil de confundir
Both '고장' (used with verbs like 나다) and '망가지다' mean to break or get ruined.
'고장' typically refers to a functional breakdown of a device or system that can often be repaired. It emphasizes that the item is not working as intended. '망가지다' can imply more severe damage, leading to something being ruined or beyond simple repair. For example, a car engine failure is '고장', but if the car is completely totaled in an accident, it might be described as '망가졌다'.
컴퓨터가 <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>고장</mark> 났어요. (My computer broke down - implies it might be fixable.) <br> 장난감 자동차가 <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>망가졌</mark>어요. (The toy car is broken/ruined - implies it might be beyond repair.)
Both words indicate something is not working correctly, but in different domains.
'고장' is used for physical or mechanical failures of devices and systems. '오류' refers to errors, bugs, or flaws, primarily in software, data, or logical processes. You wouldn't say a computer has a '고장' if it's just a software bug; you'd say it has an '오류'. Conversely, a broken washing machine has '고장', not '오류'.
소프트웨어에 <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>오류</mark>가 있어서 작동이 안 돼요. (There's an error in the software, so it's not working.) <br> 프린터가 <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>고장</mark> 나서 인쇄가 안 돼요. (The printer broke down, so I can't print.)
Both describe a state of not functioning.
'고장' is the common, everyday term for a breakdown or malfunction. '작동 불능' is a more formal and technical term that literally means 'inoperable' or 'non-operational'. You would typically see '작동 불능' in official notices, technical manuals, or reports, whereas '고장' is used in general conversation.
엘리베이터 <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>고장</mark> 안내 (Elevator breakdown notice - common) <br> 해당 기기는 현재 <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>작동 불능</mark> 상태입니다. (This device is currently in an inoperable state. - formal/technical)
A '불량' (defect) can lead to '고장' (breakdown).
'불량' refers to a defect, flaw, or poor quality, often present from the manufacturing stage. It describes the inherent issue with the product. '고장' is the resulting state where the device stops functioning correctly, often caused by a '불량' or other factors like wear and tear. So, a product might have a '불량' that leads to '고장'.
이 제품은 <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>불량</mark>이어서 <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>고장</mark>이 잦아요. (This product has defects, so it breaks down often.)
Both describe something being not in its intended state.
'파손' specifically refers to physical damage or breakage. It describes the state of being broken or damaged, like a cracked screen or a dented car. '고장' refers to the functional failure of a device or system. A '파손' can *cause* a '고장', but '고장' itself is about the inability to perform its function.
택배 상자가 <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>파손</mark>되어 내용물이 <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>고장</mark> 났어요. (The delivery box was damaged, and the contents broke down/malfunctioned.)
Padrões de frases
[Noun] + 이/가 + 고장 + 나다 (conjugated)
컴퓨터가 <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>고장 났어요</mark>.
[Noun] + 이/가 + 고장 + 이다 (conjugated)
이 시계는 <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>고장</mark>이에요.
[Noun] + 고장 + 으로/때문에 + [Consequence]
차량 <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>고장</mark>으로 약속에 늦었습니다.
고장 난 + [Noun]
<mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>고장 난</mark> 기계를 수리했습니다.
[Noun] + 이/가 + 잦은 + 고장 + 을/를 + 겪다/일으키다
이 오래된 기계는 <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>잦은 고장</mark>을 겪고 있습니다.
[Noun] + 고장 + 으로/인해 + [Result]
시스템 <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>고장</mark>으로 인해 서비스가 중단되었습니다.
[Noun] + 의 + 고장 + 은/는 + [Impact]
이 장비 <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>고장</mark>은 연구 일정에 큰 차질을 빚었습니다.
[Noun] + 고장 + 가능성 + 이/가 + 높다/있다
오래된 부품의 <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>고장</mark> 가능성이 높습니다.
Família de palavras
Substantivos
Verbos
Relacionado
Como usar
Very High
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Using '고장' as a verb for oneself.
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제 컴퓨터가 <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>고장</mark> 났어요.
'고장' is a noun. You need to combine it with verbs like '나다' (to break down) or '이다' (to be broken). Saying '저는 고장 났어요' sounds like a person is malfunctioning, which is incorrect.
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Incorrect particle usage with '고장 나다'.
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세탁기가 <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>고장</mark> 났어요.
The item that breaks down takes the subject particle '이/가'. Saying '세탁기를 고장 났어요' is incorrect; it implies the washing machine caused something else to break down.
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Confusing '고장' with '오류' (error).
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소프트웨어에 <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>오류</mark>가 있어요.
'고장' is for physical/mechanical breakdowns. '오류' is for software bugs or logical mistakes. A computer might have a hardware '고장' or a software '오류'.
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Using '고장' for something completely destroyed.
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꽃병이 <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>망가졌</mark>어요.
While '고장' means breakdown, '망가지다' implies more severe damage or ruin. If a vase is shattered, '망가지다' is more appropriate than '고장'. '고장' usually implies repairability.
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Treating '고장' as a transitive verb (to break something).
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아이가 장난감을 <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>망가뜨렸</mark>어요.
To say 'to break something', you use verbs like '망가뜨리다' (transitive form of 망가지다) or '부수다' (to break into pieces). '고장 내다' can be used, but it's less common for simple objects.
Dicas
Noun + 이/가 + 고장 + 나다
This is the most frequent pattern. The subject particle (이/가) attaches to the noun that has broken down, followed by '고장' and the conjugated verb '나다'. For example, '차가 고장 났어요' (The car broke down).
Distinguishing from '망가지다'
Remember that '고장' is for functional breakdowns of devices, often repairable. '망가지다' implies more severe damage or ruin. Use '고장' for a malfunctioning phone and '망가지다' for a shattered vase.
Stress and Nasalization
The stress is on the first syllable '고' (go). Ensure you pronounce the '장' (jang) with a slightly nasal 'ng' sound at the end, similar to the end of 'song' in English.
'고장 이다' vs. '고장 나다'
'고장 나다' describes the event of breaking down, while '고장 이다' describes the state of being broken. Both are common and often convey similar meanings in everyday conversation.
Ubiquitous in Daily Life
You will encounter '고장' very frequently when discussing everyday objects, transportation, and technology. Listening for it will significantly improve your comprehension of daily Korean conversations.
Visual Association
Imagine a 'Go' cart breaking down with a 'jangled' chain. The sound 'Go-jang!' can help you remember the word for breakdown.
Using '고장 난'
You can use '고장 난' as an adjective phrase before a noun to describe something that is broken. For example, '고장 난 컴퓨터' (broken computer).
Formal vs. Informal
While '고장' is neutral, the verb endings you use with it ('-어요', '-습니다') will determine the formality level of your sentence.
Impact of Breakdowns
In Korea, where efficiency is valued, '고장' can cause significant disruption, highlighting the importance of reliable devices and services.
Describe Your Own Breakdowns
Try to describe three things in your life that have broken down using '고장'. This active recall will solidify your understanding and usage.
Memorize
Mnemônico
Imagine a 'Go' cart that has a 'jang'led (jangled) chain and has broken down. The 'Go' cart is '고장'. The 'jangled' sound reminds you of 'jang'.
Associação visual
Picture a broken down car with smoke coming out of the engine, and above it, a sign that says 'GO-JANG!' in big red letters, indicating a complete stop.
Word Web
Desafio
Try to describe three things in your home that have broken down using the word '고장'. For example, 'My TV is broken: 제 TV가 고장이에요.' or 'The faucet is malfunctioning: 수도꼭지가 고장 났어요.'
Origem da palavra
The word '고장' (gojang) is a Sino-Korean word, derived from Chinese characters. The character '故' (go) means 'old' or 'reason', and '障' (jang) means 'obstacle' or 'blockage'. Together, they literally suggest an 'obstacle due to reason' or a 'blockage'.
Significado original: The original meaning conveyed the idea of something being obstructed or blocked from functioning properly.
Sino-Korean (derived from Hanja)Contexto cultural
While '고장' is a neutral term for inanimate objects, using figurative expressions like '고장 난 사람' (broken person) can be insensitive or offensive if used to describe individuals with mental health issues. It's best to avoid such figurative uses in polite conversation.
In English, we use words like 'breakdown', 'malfunction', 'out of order', 'failed', or 'broken' to describe similar situations.
Pratique na vida real
Contextos reais
Describing a broken appliance at home.
- 세탁기가 고장 났어요.
- 냉장고가 고장이에요.
- 전자레인지가 고장 나서 음식을 못 데워요.
Reporting car trouble.
- 차가 고장 났어요.
- 차량 고장으로 운행이 불가능합니다.
- 고장난 차를 길가에 세웠어요.
Discussing issues with electronics.
- 컴퓨터가 고장 났어요.
- 핸드폰 고장으로 연락이 안 돼요.
- 프린터 고장으로 인쇄를 못 해요.
Public transportation issues.
- 엘리베이터가 고장 났습니다.
- 지하철이 고장으로 지연되고 있습니다.
- 안내 방송 시스템 고장.
General complaints about things not working.
- 이 기계가 왜 이렇게 고장이 잦은지 모르겠어요.
- 새로 산 건데 벌써 고장 났어요.
- 고장 원인이 뭘까요?
Iniciadores de conversa
"Have you ever had a situation where your car suddenly broke down?"
"What's the most annoying thing that has broken down in your house?"
"When a device breaks, do you try to fix it yourself or call a repair person?"
"Do you think older appliances are more prone to breaking down than new ones?"
"What's the worst inconvenience you've experienced due to a breakdown?"
Temas para diário
Describe a time a device you rely on broke down and how it affected your day.
Write about a frustrating experience you had with a malfunctioning appliance or vehicle.
Imagine you are a repair technician. Write a short report about a recent '고장' you fixed.
Reflect on the importance of technology in your life and how '고장' can disrupt it.
Write a fictional story where a character's journey is interrupted by an unexpected '고장'.
Perguntas frequentes
10 perguntas'고장 나다' (gojang nada) is a verb phrase that means 'to break down' or 'to have a malfunction'. It describes the event or process of becoming broken. For example, 'The computer broke down' is '컴퓨터가 고장 났어요.'
'고장 이다' (gojang ida) is used to state that something *is* broken or in a state of malfunction. It's a descriptive phrase. For example, 'This watch is broken' is '이 시계는 고장이에요.' They are often interchangeable in conveying that something is not working, but '고장 나다' emphasizes the occurrence of the breakdown, while '고장 이다' describes the current state.
Generally, '고장' is not used for people in a literal sense. It strictly applies to machines, devices, or systems. If you want to describe someone being unwell or mentally unstable, you would use different words like '아프다' (to be sick), '건강이 안 좋다' (health is not good), or in a figurative and potentially offensive way, '정신이 나갔다' (lost one's mind). Using '고장' for people is highly unusual and can sound very strange or even dehumanizing.
The most common things that experience '고장' are everyday appliances (like washing machines, refrigerators, TVs), electronic devices (smartphones, computers, laptops), and vehicles (cars, buses, trains). Basically, anything with mechanical or electronic parts that can cease to function properly is a candidate for '고장'.
You can say '제 핸드폰이 고장 났어요' (Je haendeupon-i gojang nass-eoyo) which means 'My phone broke down'. Alternatively, you can say '제 핸드폰이 고장이에요' (Je haendeupon-i gojang-ieyo), which means 'My phone is broken' (stating its current condition).
No, '고장' usually implies that something is malfunctioning and often can be repaired. It refers to a state where it's not working as intended. If something is completely destroyed and beyond repair, words like '망가지다' (to be ruined) or '부서지다' (to be broken into pieces) might be more appropriate. '고장' suggests a technical issue that a repair person might be able to fix.
'고장' refers to a physical or mechanical breakdown of a device or system. For example, a car engine failure is a '고장'. '오류' (eoryu) refers to an error, bug, or mistake, typically in software, data, or logical processes. For example, a computer program displaying an error message has an '오류', not a '고장'.
Yes, '고장' can be used for abstract systems that have a functional component, especially when there's a disruption in service. For example, you might hear '인터넷 고장' (internet breakdown) or '통신망 고장' (communication network breakdown) to describe a period where the service is not working due to technical issues. It implies a malfunction in the underlying infrastructure.
If you hear '고장' in a public place, it usually means something is not working and you might need to find an alternative. For example, if the elevator is '고장', you'll need to use the stairs. If a ticket machine is '고장', you'll have to find another way to purchase a ticket. It's a signal that a facility or service is temporarily unavailable.
'고장' itself is a noun. The most common way to express the action of breaking down is using the verb phrase '고장 나다' (gojang nada). You can also use '고장 이다' (gojang ida) to state that something is broken. There is also the transitive verb '고장 내다' (gojang naeda), meaning 'to break something' or 'to cause a malfunction'.
Koreans usually first try to identify the problem. If it's a simple issue, they might try to fix it themselves. For more complex problems, they will call a repair service ('수리 기사' - repair technician) or take the item to a repair shop. For vehicles, they would go to a mechanic ('정비소' - auto repair shop). Reporting issues with public facilities is also common.
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Summary
'고장' (gojang) is a crucial noun for describing when machines, devices, or systems stop working correctly, indicating a malfunction that often requires repair. It's frequently used in the phrase '고장 나다' (to break down).
- '고장' (gojang) means a breakdown or malfunction of a device or system.
- '고장' is a noun, often used with verbs like '나다' (to happen) or '이다' (to be).
- Commonly used for cars, phones, appliances, and machines.
Noun + 이/가 + 고장 + 나다
This is the most frequent pattern. The subject particle (이/가) attaches to the noun that has broken down, followed by '고장' and the conjugated verb '나다'. For example, '차가 고장 났어요' (The car broke down).
Distinguishing from '망가지다'
Remember that '고장' is for functional breakdowns of devices, often repairable. '망가지다' implies more severe damage or ruin. Use '고장' for a malfunctioning phone and '망가지다' for a shattered vase.
Stress and Nasalization
The stress is on the first syllable '고' (go). Ensure you pronounce the '장' (jang) with a slightly nasal 'ng' sound at the end, similar to the end of 'song' in English.
'고장 이다' vs. '고장 나다'
'고장 나다' describes the event of breaking down, while '고장 이다' describes the state of being broken. Both are common and often convey similar meanings in everyday conversation.
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