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A2 adjective #1,500 mais comum 10 min de leitura

주된

judaen Top 1,500

Pratique Exemplos Notas e dicas 주된 em 30 segundos

Explicação 주된 in your Level:

At the A1 beginner level, the Korean language can seem incredibly vast and complex, but learning high-frequency words like this one provides a solid foundation for your future studies. For absolute beginners, it is highly recommended not to worry too much about the complex grammatical rules of noun modifiers or the Hanja origins of the word. Instead, simply memorize it as a fixed chunk or a set phrase. Think of it as a single puzzle piece that always fits together with words like '이유' (reason) or '원인' (cause). When you want to say 'main reason', just remember the phrase '주된 이유'. At this stage, your primary goal is basic communication and recognizing the word when you see it in simple texts or hear it spoken slowly. You might encounter it in basic reading comprehension exercises where a short paragraph explains why someone likes a certain food or why they are studying Korean. By memorizing these common pairings, you will be able to answer simple questions and express your own primary motivations without getting bogged down in the mechanics of the language. Just remember that it always comes right before a noun, like an English adjective. Practice saying '이것이 주된 이유입니다' (This is the main reason) out loud until it feels natural. This simple sentence structure will serve you incredibly well as you navigate your first steps into the Korean language.

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As you progress to the A2 level, you are beginning to form more complex sentences and express your thoughts with greater detail. This is the perfect time to start understanding how this word functions grammatically as a noun modifier. You now know that Korean verbs and adjectives can change their form to describe nouns directly, and this word is a prime example of that rule in action. At this stage, you should practice expanding your vocabulary by pairing it with a wider variety of nouns. Instead of just 'reason' or 'cause', try using it with words like '목적' (purpose), '관심사' (interest), or '문제' (problem). This will allow you to talk about your life, your studies, and your daily activities with much more precision. For example, you can confidently state, '나의 주된 관심사는 한국 문화입니다' (My main interest is Korean culture). You should also practice using it in questions to ask others about their primary motivations or goals. This level is all about building confidence in your ability to construct grammatically correct sentences that go beyond simple survival phrases. By actively incorporating this word into your daily practice, whether through writing short journal entries or participating in basic conversations, you will solidify your understanding of Korean sentence structure and prepare yourself for the more challenging texts you will encounter at the intermediate level.

Reaching the B1 intermediate level means you are now capable of handling more abstract concepts and participating in discussions about topics beyond your immediate personal life. At this stage, this word becomes an indispensable tool in your vocabulary arsenal. You will start to see it frequently in news articles, opinion pieces, and informational broadcasts. Your goal now is to use it to structure your arguments and summarize information effectively. When writing essays or giving short presentations, use this word to clearly identify the most important point you want to make. For instance, if you are discussing environmental issues, you might write, '대기 오염의 주된 원인은 자동차 매연입니다' (The main cause of air pollution is car exhaust). Furthermore, you should start paying attention to the subtle differences between this word and its synonyms, such as '주요' (major). While they are similar, understanding when to use which will make your Korean sound much more natural and sophisticated. You should also be comfortable recognizing the tone of the word, understanding that it carries a slightly formal nuance that is perfect for academic or professional settings, but might be too stiff for casual chats with friends. Mastery at this level involves not just knowing the meaning, but knowing exactly when and how to deploy it for maximum communicative impact.

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At the B2 upper-intermediate level, your Korean is becoming quite fluent, and you are expected to understand and produce complex, nuanced texts. This word is no longer just a vocabulary item to memorize; it is a structural element that helps you navigate sophisticated discourse. You will encounter it in academic papers, detailed news reports, and formal debates. Your usage of the word should now be completely automatic and grammatically flawless. You should be able to seamlessly integrate it into complex sentence structures, such as '전문가들이 지적하는 경제 위기의 주된 요인은 바로 금리 인상이다' (The main factor of the economic crisis pointed out by experts is precisely the interest rate hike). At this level, you should also be highly aware of collocations—the specific words that naturally pair with it in professional contexts, such as '주된 수입원' (main source of income) or '주된 타겟층' (main target demographic). Using these precise collocations demonstrates a high level of language proficiency and cultural awareness. Furthermore, you should be able to effortlessly switch between this formal vocabulary and more casual expressions depending on the social context, proving that you have a deep, intuitive grasp of Korean pragmatics and register. This flexibility is a key indicator of B2 proficiency.

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Entering the C1 advanced level signifies that you are approaching near-native fluency in your ability to comprehend and produce complex Korean. At this stage, your understanding of this word goes far beyond its basic definition. You appreciate its etymological roots in the Hanja character 주 (主) and understand how this root connects to a vast network of other advanced vocabulary words. You use this word effortlessly in highly formal, academic, or professional settings, such as writing a university dissertation, conducting a business negotiation, or analyzing a complex socio-political issue. Your sentences are long, structurally intricate, and grammatically impeccable. For example, you might articulate a thought like, '현대 사회의 병리적 현상을 야기하는 주된 원인은 물질만능주의에 기인한다고 볼 수 있다' (It can be seen that the main cause giving rise to the pathological phenomena of modern society originates from materialism). At this level, you are not just communicating information; you are using language to persuade, analyze, and critique. You understand the precise rhetorical weight that this word carries and use it strategically to guide your audience's attention to the core of your argument. Your mastery of such vocabulary allows you to participate fully and confidently in any intellectual or professional discourse in Korean.

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At the C2 mastery level, your command of the Korean language is exceptional, rivaling that of a highly educated native speaker. Your use of this word is entirely intuitive, perfectly contextualized, and effortlessly integrated into the most complex and demanding linguistic tasks. You can read dense academic literature, legal documents, and philosophical texts where this word is used to define critical parameters and establish foundational arguments. You recognize the subtle stylistic choices authors make when choosing this word over its synonyms, understanding the exact shade of meaning they intend to convey. In your own production, whether delivering a keynote address, writing a comprehensive analytical report, or engaging in high-level academic debate, you deploy this word with absolute precision. You can manipulate sentence structures to place emphasis exactly where you want it, using this word as a pivot point for your most profound insights. You are also capable of playing with the language, perhaps using the word in a slightly ironic or unconventional way for rhetorical effect, demonstrating a mastery that transcends mere grammatical correctness. At this pinnacle of language learning, every word you choose, including this one, is a deliberate and masterful stroke on the canvas of your communication.

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주된 em 30 segundos

Means 'main' or 'principal'.
Always placed directly before a noun.
Cannot be used at the end of a sentence.
Highly common in formal and academic contexts.

The Korean word 주된 is an essential adjective used to describe something as the main, principal, or primary element among a group of items or concepts. Understanding this word is absolutely crucial for learners of the Korean language, especially as they progress from beginner to intermediate levels and begin to encounter more formal, academic, or professional texts. When we analyze the morphological structure of the word, we find that it originates from the root 주되다, which combines the Hanja character 주 (主), meaning master, main, or lord, with the verb 되다, meaning to become or to be. By attaching the noun-modifying suffix ㄴ, it transforms into 주된, which directly translates to 'main' or 'principal' in English. This grammatical transformation is a fundamental aspect of Korean syntax, allowing verbs and adjectives to modify nouns directly. It is important to note that 주된 is exclusively used as a pre-noun modifier, meaning it must always be followed immediately by a noun. You cannot use it at the end of a sentence as a predicate. For instance, you can say 주된 이유 (the main reason), but you cannot say 이유가 주된이다 (the reason is main). This strict syntactic rule is a common stumbling block for many learners, but mastering it will significantly elevate the naturalness of your Korean.

Morphology: The word is derived from 주(主) + 되다 + ㄴ (modifier).

Part of Speech: It functions strictly as a determiner or pre-noun adjective.

Usage Context: Most commonly used in formal, written, or professional contexts.

이것이 실패의 주된 원인입니다.

그의 주된 관심사는 음악입니다.

이 프로젝트의 주된 목적은 무엇입니까?

스트레스는 질병의 주된 요인 중 하나입니다.

관광업은 이 도시의 주된 수입원입니다.

Furthermore, the concept of identifying the 'main' aspect of a situation is deeply embedded in logical discourse and analytical thinking, which is why this vocabulary item frequently appears in news reports, essays, and debates. When you use this word, you are signaling to the listener or reader that you are distilling a complex situation down to its most critical component. This makes it an incredibly powerful tool for effective communication. As you practice, try to memorize it as part of a chunk or collocation, such as 'main reason' or 'main cause', rather than just an isolated vocabulary word. This approach will help you retrieve the word much faster during real-time conversations and ensure that your grammatical structure is always perfectly accurate. The more you expose yourself to authentic Korean materials, the more you will notice this word acting as a signpost, guiding the audience toward the core message of the text. Therefore, dedicating time to fully grasp its meaning and application will yield significant dividends in your overall language proficiency.

Using the word 주된 correctly requires a solid understanding of Korean sentence structure, specifically the rules governing noun modifiers. As previously mentioned, this word is an adjective that has been conjugated into its noun-modifying form. In Korean grammar, modifiers must always precede the noun they are describing. Therefore, the formula for using this word is incredibly straightforward: simply place it directly in front of the noun. The most common pattern you will encounter is 'Noun A + 은/는 + Noun B + 의 + 주된 + Noun C + 이다'. For example, '돈은 이 문제의 주된 원인이다' translates to 'Money is the main cause of this problem'. In this sentence structure, the word seamlessly integrates into the phrase, elevating the formality and precision of the statement. It is also highly effective when used in questions, such as '주된 이유가 무엇입니까?' (What is the main reason?). This phrasing is standard in interviews, interrogations, and academic inquiries.

Structure 1: 주된 + Noun (e.g., 주된 원인 - main cause)

Structure 2: Noun + 의 + 주된 + Noun (e.g., 성공의 주된 비결 - main secret of success)

Structure 3: 주된 + Noun + 은/는 + Noun + 이다 (e.g., 주된 문제는 시간이다 - The main problem is time)

우리의 주된 목표는 고객 만족입니다.

이 책의 주된 독자는 학생들입니다.

그가 사직한 주된 이유는 건강 때문이었습니다.

환경 오염의 주된 책임은 누구에게 있습니까?

이 영화의 주된 배경은 1980년대 서울입니다.

Another critical aspect of using this word is understanding its tone. It carries a slightly formal and objective nuance, making it perfectly suited for news broadcasts, documentaries, and business presentations. While it can certainly be used in everyday conversation, it might sound a bit too stiff if you are just chatting casually with friends about trivial matters. For instance, if you are discussing the main reason you chose a particular flavor of ice cream, using a simpler expression like '가장 큰 이유' (the biggest reason) might sound more natural than using this highly formal vocabulary. However, if you are discussing the primary cause of a social issue or the main objective of a corporate strategy, this word is the absolute best choice. By paying attention to the context and the formality of the situation, you can wield this word with the precision of a native speaker, ensuring that your message is conveyed with exactly the right level of gravity and professionalism. Mastery of such nuanced usage is what separates intermediate learners from advanced speakers.

The word 주된 is ubiquitous in Korean media, academia, and professional environments. If you regularly consume Korean news, whether through television broadcasts, online articles, or radio programs, you are guaranteed to encounter this word on a daily basis. Journalists and news anchors frequently use it to summarize complex events, highlighting the 'main cause' of an accident, the 'principal reason' for an economic shift, or the 'primary goal' of a new government policy. It serves as a linguistic anchor that helps the audience quickly grasp the most important takeaway from a dense informational report. Beyond the news, this word is a staple in academic writing. University students and researchers use it extensively in their essays, dissertations, and presentations to articulate their core arguments and identify the primary variables in their studies. If you are preparing for the TOPIK (Test of Proficiency in Korean) exam, especially the reading and writing sections of TOPIK II, recognizing and utilizing this word is absolutely non-negotiable for achieving a high score.

News Media: Used to report the primary causes of events, accidents, or economic trends.

Academic Writing: Essential for stating thesis arguments, main variables, and primary research goals.

Business Meetings: Commonly heard when discussing main targets, core strategies, and primary competitors.

뉴스에서 화재의 주된 원인을 보도했습니다.

논문의 주된 주장은 다음과 같습니다.

회의의 주된 안건은 예산 삭감입니다.

이 제품의 주된 타겟층은 20대 여성입니다.

전문가들은 경제 침체의 주된 이유를 분석하고 있습니다.

Furthermore, you will also hear this word frequently in formal interviews, such as job interviews or celebrity talk shows. An interviewer might ask a candidate about their 'main motivation' for applying to the company, or ask an actor about the 'main message' they hope the audience takes away from their new film. In these scenarios, the word elevates the discourse, showing respect for the complexity of the topic being discussed. Even in everyday life, you might encounter it in formal announcements, such as a notice from an apartment management office explaining the 'main reason' for a temporary water shutoff. Because of its formal yet highly practical nature, it bridges the gap between highly specialized jargon and everyday communicative needs. By actively listening for this word in various contexts, you will develop a strong intuitive sense for when and how to deploy it in your own speech, thereby sounding much more sophisticated and articulate.

When learning the word 주된, students frequently make a few predictable but easily correctable mistakes. The most glaring and common error is attempting to use the word as a predicate at the end of a sentence. Because English speakers are used to saying 'The reason is main' or 'That is primary', they often try to directly translate this structure into Korean, resulting in grammatically incorrect sentences like '이유가 주된이다' (The reason is main). This is a fundamental misunderstanding of how noun modifiers work in Korean. As a pre-noun modifier, it must always, without exception, be placed directly in front of the noun it describes. The correct phrasing would be '이것이 주된 이유이다' (This is the main reason). Another frequent mistake involves confusing it with similar-sounding or related words, such as 주요 (major) or 주로 (mostly). While they share the same Hanja root, their grammatical functions are different.

Predicate Error: Using it at the end of a sentence (e.g., 원인이 주된이다 - Incorrect).

Adverb Confusion: Using it to modify a verb instead of a noun (use 주로 instead for 'mostly').

Spacing Issues: Failing to leave a space between the modifier and the noun (e.g., 주된이유 - Incorrect, should be 주된 이유).

Wrong: 이 문제의 원인은 주된입니다. -> Right: 이것이 이 문제의 주된 원인입니다.

Wrong: 나는 주된 밥을 먹는다. -> Right: 나는 주로 밥을 먹는다.

Wrong: 주된이유가 무엇입니까? -> Right: 주된 이유가 무엇입니까? (Notice the space).

Wrong: 그것은 주된 중요합니다. -> Right: 그것은 매우 중요합니다.

Wrong: 주된 사람들은 동의했다. -> Right: 대부분의 사람들은 동의했다.

Additionally, learners sometimes overuse this word in casual contexts where a simpler, more colloquial expression would be more appropriate. For example, if a friend asks why you are late, saying '내가 늦은 주된 이유는...' (The main reason I am late is...) sounds overly dramatic and formal, almost like you are giving a press briefing. In such casual situations, it is much more natural to simply say '가장 큰 이유는...' (The biggest reason is...) or just explain the reason directly without a formal introductory clause. Recognizing the register and tone of the word is just as important as understanding its grammatical mechanics. By avoiding these common pitfalls—using it as a predicate, confusing it with adverbs, ignoring spacing rules, and overusing it in casual speech—you will ensure that your Korean sounds not only grammatically flawless but also contextually appropriate and naturally fluent.

The Korean language is incredibly rich in vocabulary, and there are several words that share similar meanings with 주된. Understanding the subtle nuances and grammatical differences between these synonyms is a hallmark of advanced proficiency. The most closely related word is 주요 (major, principal). While they are often translated similarly in English, 주요 is a noun that is frequently used as a modifier (e.g., 주요 원인 - major cause), whereas 주된 is the conjugated adjective form. In many contexts, they are interchangeable, but 주요 often implies something that is part of a larger, important group (major factors), while 주된 tends to single out the absolute primary element (the main factor). Another related word is 핵심적인 (core, key). This word carries a stronger nuance of being the absolute center or most vital part of something, often used in strategic or analytical contexts (e.g., 핵심적인 역할 - core role).

주요 (Major): Often used to describe a group of important things, rather than just one single main thing.

핵심적인 (Core/Key): Emphasizes the vital, indispensable nature of the noun it modifies, like the core of an apple.

가장 큰 (Biggest): A more casual, everyday expression that can replace formal words in conversational settings.

이것은 주된 원인입니다. (This is the main cause - focusing on the primary one).

이것은 주요 원인 중 하나입니다. (This is one of the major causes - part of a group).

그는 팀에서 핵심적인 역할을 합니다. (He plays a core/key role in the team).

내가 여기 온 가장 큰 이유는 너 때문이야. (The biggest reason I came here is you - casual).

이 회사의 주된 업무는 소프트웨어 개발입니다. (The main business of this company is software development).

Furthermore, learners should be aware of the adverb 주로 (mostly, mainly). While not an adjective, it is derived from the same root and is used to describe the frequency or main focus of an action (e.g., 저는 주로 주말에 운동해요 - I mostly exercise on weekends). Mixing up the adjective form and the adverb form is a common error, so keeping them strictly categorized in your mental dictionary is highly recommended. By studying these synonyms and related terms as a cohesive group, you can build a more robust and flexible vocabulary network. This allows you to choose the exact word that fits not only the grammatical structure of your sentence but also the precise nuance and level of formality required by the situation, demonstrating a true mastery of the Korean language.

How Formal Is It?

Nível de dificuldade

Gramática essencial

Noun Modifying Form of Adjectives (형용사 + -(으)ㄴ)

Formal Sentence Endings (-습니다/ㅂ니다)

Subject Particles (이/가)

Topic Particles (은/는)

Possessive Particle (의)

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Exemplos por nível

이것이 주된 이유입니다.

This is the main reason.

Noun + 이다 structure.

나의 주된 관심사는 음악입니다.

My main interest is music.

Subject marker 는 used.

주된 문제는 돈입니다.

The main problem is money.

Simple A is B structure.

그것이 주된 원인입니다.

That is the main cause.

Demonstrative pronoun 그것.

주된 목적이 무엇입니까?

What is the main purpose?

Formal question ending 습니까.

이 책의 주된 내용은 사랑입니다.

The main content of this book is love.

Possessive particle 의.

우리의 주된 목표는 합격입니다.

Our main goal is passing the exam.

Plural pronoun 우리.

주된 이유는 시간이 없어서입니다.

The main reason is because there is no time.

Reason particle 아/어서.

내가 한국어를 공부하는 주된 이유는 여행 때문입니다.

The main reason I study Korean is for travel.

Noun modifier clause + 주된.

이 식당의 주된 메뉴는 비빔밥입니다.

The main menu of this restaurant is bibimbap.

Possessive marker 의.

스트레스는 여러 질병의 주된 원인이 됩니다.

Stress becomes the main cause of various diseases.

Verb 되다 (to become).

그 회사의 주된 수입원은 광고입니다.

The main source of income for that company is advertising.

Compound noun 수입원.

이 영화의 주된 배경은 서울입니다.

The main background of this movie is Seoul.

Vocabulary: 배경 (background).

우리가 싸운 주된 이유는 오해였습니다.

The main reason we fought was a misunderstanding.

Past tense modifier 싸운.

이 프로젝트의 주된 타겟은 학생들입니다.

The main target of this project is students.

English loanword 타겟.

건강을 잃은 주된 요인은 운동 부족입니다.

The main factor for losing health is lack of exercise.

Vocabulary: 요인 (factor).

최근 경제 성장의 주된 원동력은 수출 증가에 있습니다.

The main driving force of recent economic growth lies in the increase in exports.

Advanced vocabulary: 원동력 (driving force).

이 논문에서 다루는 주된 쟁점은 환경 보호와 개발의 갈등입니다.

The main issue dealt with in this paper is the conflict between environmental protection and development.

Complex noun modifier clause.

청년 실업이 사회적 문제로 대두되는 주된 이유는 일자리 부족입니다.

The main reason youth unemployment is rising as a social issue is the lack of jobs.

Passive verb 대두되다.

그가 성공할 수 있었던 주된 비결은 끊임없는 노력과 인내심이었습니다.

The main secret to his success was endless effort and patience.

Ability modifier 할 수 있었던.

이번 선거에서 여당이 승리한 주된 요인은 경제 정책의 성공으로 분석됩니다.

The main factor for the ruling party's victory in this election is analyzed as the success of their economic policy.

Passive structure 분석됩니다.

스마트폰 중독의 주된 증상 중 하나는 일상생활에 집중하지 못하는 것입니다.

One of the main symptoms of smartphone addiction is the inability to focus on daily life.

Gerund form ~는 것.

이 캠페인의 주된 목적은 시민들의 환경 의식을 고취시키는 데 있습니다.

The main purpose of this campaign is to inspire citizens' environmental awareness.

Structure ~는 데 있다 (lies in doing).

지구 온난화의 주된 책임은 온실가스를 배출하는 선진국들에게 있습니다.

The main responsibility for global warming lies with developed countries that emit greenhouse gases.

Noun modifier 배출하는.

인구 고령화가 국가 경제에 미치는 주된 영향은 노동력 감소와 복지 비용 증가입니다.

The main impact of population aging on the national economy is the decrease in the labor force and the increase in welfare costs.

Complex subject phrase.

해당 기업이 글로벌 시장에서 경쟁력을 상실한 주된 원인은 혁신의 부재로 지적받고 있습니다.

The main cause of the company losing its competitiveness in the global market is pointed out as the absence of innovation.

Passive verb 지적받다.

현대 예술에서 추상주의가 차지하는 주된 위치는 감정과 무의식의 표현에 있습니다.

The main position that abstractism occupies in modern art lies in the expression of emotion and the unconscious.

Vocabulary: 차지하다 (to occupy).

이 법안이 국회를 통과하지 못한 주된 이유는 여야 간의 의견 차이를 좁히지 못했기 때문입니다.

The main reason this bill failed to pass the national assembly is because they couldn't narrow the difference of opinion between the ruling and opposition parties.

Reason clause ~기 때문이다.

소셜 미디어가 현대인의 인간관계에 미치는 주된 부작용은 피상적인 소통의 증가입니다.

The main side effect that social media has on modern human relationships is the increase in superficial communication.

Vocabulary: 부작용 (side effect).

전문가들은 이번 금융 위기의 주된 징후가 이미 몇 년 전부터 나타나기 시작했다고 주장합니다.

Experts argue that the main signs of this financial crisis already started appearing a few years ago.

Reported speech ~고 주장하다.

다문화 사회로의 진입에 있어 가장 주된 과제는 사회적 편견을 해소하는 것입니다.

In entering a multicultural society, the most main task is resolving social prejudice.

Structure ~에 있어 (in doing/being).

해당 연구의 주된 한계점은 표본의 크기가 너무 작아 일반화하기 어렵다는 데 있습니다.

The main limitation of the study lies in the fact that the sample size is too small to generalize.

Structure ~다는 데 있다.

자본주의 체제 내에서 발생하는 구조적 불평등의 주된 기제는 부의 세습 현상에 연원한다.

The main mechanism of structural inequality occurring within the capitalist system originates from the phenomenon of the inheritance of wealth.

Highly formal academic vocabulary (기제, 연원하다).

이데올로기적 대립이 격화되는 주된 양상은 미디어를 통한 확증 편향의 심화로 발현되고 있다.

The main aspect of intensifying ideological conflict is manifesting through the deepening of confirmation bias via media.

Advanced vocabulary (양상, 발현되다).

해당 철학자의 사상에서 주된 뼈대를 이루는 것은 인간 실존의 부조리에 대한 고찰이다.

What forms the main framework in that philosopher's thought is the contemplation of the absurdity of human existence.

Metaphorical usage (뼈대를 이루다).

기후 변화 협약이 실효성을 거두지 못하는 주된 요인은 각국의 자국 우선주의적 정책 기조 때문이다.

The main factor why the climate change agreement fails to achieve effectiveness is due to each country's 'America First'-style policy stance.

Complex noun phrases (자국 우선주의적 정책 기조).

인공지능 기술의 발전이 노동 시장에 야기할 주된 파급 효과는 단순 노무직의 대규모 대체 현상일 것이다.

The main ripple effect that the development of AI technology will cause in the labor market will be the large-scale replacement phenomenon of simple manual labor jobs.

Future modifier 야기할.

역사적 수정주의가 대두하는 주된 배경에는 특정 정치 세력의 권력 정당화 의도가 깔려 있다.

In the main background of the rise of historical revisionism lies the intention of specific political forces to justify their power.

Structure ~에(는) ... 깔려 있다.

도시 재생 사업이 원주민의 젠트리피케이션을 유발하는 주된 모순을 해결하기 위한 법적 장치가 시급하다.

Legal mechanisms are urgently needed to resolve the main contradiction where urban regeneration projects induce gentrification of original residents.

Complex object clause.

포스트모더니즘 문학의 주된 특징은 거대 서사의 해체와 다원적 가치의 수용으로 요약될 수 있다.

The main characteristic of postmodern literature can be summarized as the deconstruction of grand narratives and the acceptance of pluralistic values.

Passive potential ~로 요약될 수 있다.

현행 조세 제도의 누진성이 훼손된 주된 연유를 파헤쳐 보면, 기득권층의 집요한 로비가 작용했음을 부인하기 어렵다.

If we dig into the main reason the progressivity of the current tax system has been compromised, it is hard to deny that the persistent lobbying of the vested interests played a role.

Extremely formal vocabulary (연유, 파헤치다).

해당 문학 작품이 당대 사회에 던진 주된 화두는 맹목적인 근대화 이면에 숨겨진 인간 소외의 비극성이었다.

The main topic of discussion that the literary work threw at the society of its time was the tragedy of human alienation hidden behind blind modernization.

Literary vocabulary (화두, 이면).

양자역학의 해석을 둘러싼 코펜하겐 학파와 아인슈타인 간의 논쟁에서 주된 쟁점은 결정론적 세계관의 폐기 여부였다.

In the debate between the Copenhagen school and Einstein surrounding the interpretation of quantum mechanics, the main issue was whether to discard the deterministic worldview.

Academic/Scientific discourse.

글로벌 공급망의 재편이 가속화되는 주된 동인은 지정학적 리스크의 증대와 경제 안보의 중요성 부각에 기인한다.

The main driver accelerating the realignment of the global supply chain originates from the increase in geopolitical risks and the highlighting of the importance of economic security.

Formal structure ~에 기인한다.

헌법재판소의 이번 위헌 판결을 이끌어낸 주된 법리적 근거는 비례의 원칙 위반과 기본권 침해의 중대성이었다.

The main jurisprudential basis that drew out this unconstitutional ruling from the Constitutional Court was the violation of the principle of proportionality and the gravity of the infringement on basic rights.

Legal terminology (법리적 근거, 비례의 원칙).

신자유주의적 세계화가 낳은 주된 병폐를 치유하기 위해서는 시장 만능주의에 대한 근본적인 성찰이 선행되어야 한다.

In order to heal the main ills born of neoliberal globalization, a fundamental reflection on market fundamentalism must precede.

Advanced vocabulary (병폐, 선행되다).

언어의 자의성이 기표와 기의의 관계를 규정하는 주된 원리임을 천명한 소쉬르의 이론은 구조주의 언어학의 효시가 되었다.

Saussure's theory, which proclaimed that the arbitrariness of language is the main principle defining the relationship between signifier and signified, became the origin of structural linguistics.

Linguistic theory terminology.

해당 정권이 민주적 정당성을 상실하게 된 주된 패착은 절차적 민주주의를 무시하고 권위주의적 통치 방식을 고수한 데 있다.

The main fatal move that caused the regime to lose its democratic legitimacy lies in ignoring procedural democracy and adhering to an authoritarian style of rule.

Political discourse vocabulary (패착, 정당성).

Colocações comuns

주된 원인

주된 이유

주된 목적

주된 관심사

주된 역할

주된 수입원

주된 타겟

주된 요인

주된 내용

주된 특징

Frases Comuns

주된 이유가 무엇입니까?

이것이 주된 원인이다.

주된 목적을 달성하다.

주된 관심사로 떠오르다.

주된 역할을 맡다.

주된 수입원을 잃다.

주된 타겟층을 공략하다.

주된 요인으로 작용하다.

주된 내용을 요약하다.

주된 특징을 설명하다.

Frequentemente confundido com

주된 vs 주요 (noun modifier)

주된 vs 주로 (adverb)

주된 vs 가장 큰 (casual adjective phrase)

Expressões idiomáticas

"주된 흐름을 타다"

"주된 맥락을 짚다"

"주된 뼈대를 세우다"

"주된 줄기를 잡다"

"주된 초점을 맞추다"

"주된 쟁점으로 부각되다"

"주된 동력으로 삼다"

"주된 무기로 활용하다"

"주된 과제로 남다"

"주된 화두를 던지다"

Fácil de confundir

주된 vs

Padrões de frases

Cadastre-se grátis para ver todos os exemplos

Como usar

nuance

Carries a logical, analytical, and slightly formal tone.

restrictions

Cannot be used as a predicate at the end of a sentence.

Erros comuns

Using it as a predicate at the end of a sentence (e.g., 원인이 주된이다).
Confusing it with the adverb 주로 (e.g., 나는 주된 밥을 먹는다).
Failing to leave a space between the word and the noun (e.g., 주된이유).
Using it with concrete, physical objects inappropriately (e.g., 주된 사과).
Overusing it in highly casual, informal conversations where '가장 큰' is better.

Dicas

Always Before a Noun

Never forget the golden rule: this word must always sit directly in front of a noun. If you find yourself putting it at the end of a sentence, stop and rewrite it. It is a modifier, not a predicate.

Memorize Chunks

Don't just memorize the word alone. Memorize it as part of a chunk like '주된 이유' (main reason) or '주된 원인' (main cause). This will make it much easier to recall during a conversation.

Elevate Your Tone

Use this word when you want to sound professional, logical, or academic. It is the perfect vocabulary choice for job interviews, university presentations, or formal debates.

Don't Confuse with 주로

Remember that '주로' is for actions (mainly doing something), while '주된' is for things (the main thing). Mixing these up is a very common mistake that instantly marks you as a beginner.

Perfect for TOPIK II

If you are taking the TOPIK II exam, this word is essential for the writing section (Question 53 and 54). Use it to introduce the main causes or effects in your essay to score higher on vocabulary.

Listen to the News

To get a feel for how native speakers use this word, watch Korean news broadcasts. You will hear anchors use it constantly when summarizing the key points of a story.

Abstract Nouns Only

Stick to pairing this word with abstract nouns (reason, cause, purpose, interest). Avoid using it with concrete physical objects unless you are talking about a 'main ingredient' or similar concept.

Mind the Gap

When typing or writing in Korean, always leave a space between '주된' and the noun it modifies. For example, write '주된 이유', not '주된이유'. Correct spacing is important for readability.

Casual Alternatives

If you are hanging out with friends, give this formal word a rest. Use '가장 큰' (biggest) or '제일 중요한' (most important) to sound more relaxed and natural in casual settings.

Identify the Thesis

When reading complex Korean articles, scan for this word. It acts as a signpost, telling you exactly where the author's main argument or the core of the issue is located.

Memorize

Mnemônico

Think of 'Ju' (주) as the 'Juice'—the main, essential part of the fruit. 'Ju-doen' is the main juice or reason.

Origem da palavra

Sino-Korean

Contexto cultural

Formal/Professional

High in news/academia, medium in casual speech.

Pratique na vida real

Contextos reais

Iniciadores de conversa

"한국어를 공부하는 주된 이유가 무엇인가요?"

"요즘 당신의 주된 관심사는 무엇입니까?"

"이 문제의 주된 원인이 무엇이라고 생각하십니까?"

"당신 회사의 주된 수입원은 무엇인가요?"

"스트레스를 받는 주된 요인은 무엇입니까?"

Temas para diário

내가 매일 아침 일찍 일어나는 주된 이유는...

내 인생의 주된 목표 세 가지를 적어보자.

최근 내가 겪은 문제의 주된 원인을 분석해보자.

내가 이 직업을 선택한 주된 동기는...

현대 사회의 주된 문제점은 무엇이라고 생각하는가?

Perguntas frequentes

10 perguntas

No, this is grammatically incorrect. '주된' is a pre-noun modifier, meaning it must always be placed directly in front of a noun. You cannot use it at the end of a sentence as a predicate. The correct way to say 'The reason is main' is '이것이 주된 이유이다' (This is the main reason).

While they share the same root, their grammatical functions are completely different. '주된' is an adjective modifier that describes nouns (e.g., 주된 이유 - main reason). '주로' is an adverb that describes verbs or actions (e.g., 주로 밥을 먹는다 - I mainly eat rice). Never mix them up.

Yes, it carries a slightly formal and analytical tone. It is perfectly suited for news, academic writing, business meetings, and formal presentations. While you can use it in everyday conversation, it might sound a bit stiff if you are just chatting casually with friends about trivial things.

It is technically possible but highly unnatural. '주된' is almost exclusively paired with abstract nouns like reason (이유), cause (원인), purpose (목적), or factor (요인). Saying '주된 사과' (main apple) sounds very strange to a native speaker.

They are very similar and often interchangeable. However, '주요' is a noun that acts as a modifier and often implies something is part of a major group (e.g., 주요 원인 - major causes). '주된' is an adjective modifier and tends to single out the absolute primary element (the main cause).

It is pronounced as two distinct syllables: 'ju' (like the start of 'juice') and 'doen' (rhymes with 'when', but with a slight 'w' sound). The phonetic spelling is /t͡ɕudwe̞n/. Make sure not to drop the 'w' sound in the second syllable.

It is the conjugated noun-modifying form of the adjective '주되다'. In Korean grammar, adjectives function similarly to verbs, but in this specific form (with the -ㄴ suffix), it acts strictly as a determiner or pre-noun modifier.

It is uncommon to use it directly to describe a person's character. However, you can use it to describe a person's role or position, such as '이 프로젝트의 주된 담당자' (the main person in charge of this project) or '주된 타겟층' (main target demographic).

In very casual conversations with friends, it is more natural to use phrases like '가장 큰' (the biggest) or '제일 중요한' (the most important). For example, instead of '내가 화난 주된 이유는...', you would say '내가 화난 가장 큰 이유는...'.

The best way to practice is to memorize collocations (word pairings). Write down phrases like '주된 이유' (main reason), '주된 목적' (main purpose), and '주된 원인' (main cause) and practice making full sentences with them. Using it in your writing practice for the TOPIK exam is also highly recommended.

Cadastre-se grátis para ver dicas e notas

Teste-se 200 perguntas

writing

Translate: This is the main reason.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Use 이것이 (this is) + 주된 이유 (main reason) + 입니다 (is).