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B2 verb #6,000 mais comum 8 min de leitura

견지하다

gyeonjihada Top 6,000

Pratique Exemplos Notas e dicas 견지하다 em 30 segundos

Explicação 견지하다 in your Level:

At the A1 level, the word '견지하다' is quite difficult because it is used for abstract ideas. However, you can think of it like this: Sometimes we have a favorite toy or a favorite color, and we keep liking it for a long time. In Korean, when grown-ups have a 'favorite idea' or a 'rule' they want to keep forever, they use this word. It's like holding a thought very tightly in your hand so it doesn't fly away. Imagine you always want to be kind to your friends. That 'wanting to be kind' is your attitude. If you keep that attitude every day, you are '견지하다'-ing that attitude. Even though you won't use this word when talking to your friends, you might see it in books or hear it on the news when people talk about very important rules. It is a 'strong' word for 'keeping' a thought.

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For A2 learners, '견지하다' is a formal way to say 'to keep' or 'to maintain.' While you usually use '유지하다' for keeping things like a clean room or a healthy body, '견지하다' is for keeping things you can't touch, like a 'viewpoint' or an 'attitude.' For example, if you always try to look at the bright side of things, that is your 'optimistic viewpoint.' If you keep that viewpoint even when things are hard, you are '견지하다'-ing it. You will see this word in more formal writing. It is made of two Chinese characters: 'Gyeon' (firm) and 'Ji' (to hold). So, it literally means 'to hold firmly.' If you want to sound very smart in a Korean essay, you can use this word instead of '지키다' when talking about your beliefs.

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At the B1 level, you should start distinguishing between different types of 'maintaining.' '유지하다' is the most common word for maintaining a state or condition. However, '견지하다' is used specifically when you are maintaining a 'stance' (입장) or an 'attitude' (태도). It implies a level of consistency and intentionality. For example, in a debate, if you don't change your mind and keep your original argument, you are 'maintaining your position.' In Korean, this is '입장을 견지하다.' It is a very useful word for the TOPIK exam, especially in the reading and writing sections. When you read news articles about politics or social issues, look for the objects that come before '견지하다'. You will often see '원칙' (principle) or '자세' (posture/attitude). Using this word shows that you understand the formal register of the Korean language.

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At the B2 level, you are expected to use '견지하다' in professional and academic contexts. This word is a hallmark of formal discourse. It describes a strategic or principled consistency. For instance, a government might 'maintain a neutral stance' in a conflict to protect its interests. This is not just a passive state; it is a deliberate policy. The nuance of '견지하다' includes the idea of not being swayed by external influences. It is often used with adverbs like '일관되게' (consistently) or '확고히' (firmly). When you use '견지하다', you are signaling that the subject is acting based on a set of established values or a long-term plan. In your own writing, try to use it when discussing social problems, management philosophies, or research perspectives. It bridges the gap between intermediate and advanced Korean.

For C1 learners, '견지하다' is a precise tool for describing intellectual and ideological steadfastness. It is distinct from '고수하다,' which can sometimes imply a stubborn refusal to change even when change is necessary. '견지하다' is more neutral and often carries a positive connotation of being principled. In academic writing, it is used to describe the 'theoretical lens' through which a study is conducted—for example, 'maintaining a structuralist perspective.' It suggests that the author has rigorously applied a specific logic throughout their work. At this level, you should also be aware of its usage in legal and diplomatic documents, where 'maintaining a position' can have significant formal consequences. You should be able to use it fluently in discussions about philosophy, policy, and complex social theories, understanding that it reflects a high level of cognitive discipline.

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At the C2 level, you should have a complete grasp of the rhetorical power of '견지하다.' It is a word used to construct an image of stability and reliability in high-stakes environments. In political oratory, a leader might use '견지하다' to reassure the public that their core values remain unchanged despite a crisis. The word functions as a 'prestige marker' in Korean discourse. You should also understand the subtle difference between '견지하다' and other Hanja-based synonyms like '견수하다' (to defend/hold fast) or '지탱하다' (to support/sustain). '견지하다' is unique in its focus on the 'perspective' or 'attitude' itself. Mastery at this level involves not just knowing the definition, but sensing the 'gravity' the word adds to a sentence. It is the difference between saying 'We still think this' and 'We maintain this principled stance as a cornerstone of our policy.'

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Pratique Exemplos Notas e dicas

견지하다 em 30 segundos

Kyeon-ji-ha-da means to maintain a formal stance or attitude consistently.
It is used for abstract concepts like principles, viewpoints, and official policies.
Rooted in Hanja (堅 - firm, 持 - hold), it implies a deliberate, steady effort.
Commonly found in news, academic writing, and professional contexts rather than casual speech.

The Korean verb 견지하다 (堅持--) is a sophisticated term primarily used in formal, academic, or professional contexts to describe the act of holding onto a specific perspective, stance, or principle with steadfastness. Rooted in Hanja, the word combines 堅 (굳을 견 - firm/hard) and 持 (가질 지 - to hold/maintain). Together, they evoke the image of someone holding a position as firmly as a rock. While the English word 'maintain' covers a broad range of meanings—from maintaining a car to maintaining a secret—견지하다 is specifically reserved for abstract concepts like viewpoints, attitudes, and ideological positions.

Core Nuance: It implies a conscious and deliberate effort to keep a consistent outlook despite external pressures or changing circumstances.

You will most frequently encounter this word in news reports regarding international relations, where a country might 'maintain a neutral stance' (중립적 태도를 견지하다), or in academic papers where a researcher 'maintains a specific theoretical framework.' It suggests a level of intellectual or moral discipline. Unlike the more common 유지하다, which can be used for physical states (like maintaining a temperature), 견지하다 is strictly about the internal or strategic 'posture' one takes toward the world.

정부는 기존의 강경한 대북 정책을 그대로 견지하기로 결정했습니다. (The government decided to maintain its existing firm policy toward North Korea.)

In interpersonal relationships, using this word can sound overly formal. If you tell a friend, "I am maintaining my stance on where we should eat," using 견지하다 might sound like you are giving a press conference. However, in a debate or a formal discussion about values, it is the perfect choice to show that your beliefs are not easily swayed. It conveys that your position is based on deep-seated logic or long-term strategy rather than a fleeting whim. This word is essential for anyone aiming to reach an advanced level of Korean fluency, as it appears constantly in editorials and high-level discourse.

Etymological Insight: The Hanja '堅' (Gyeon) also appears in '견고하다' (solid/sturdy), reinforcing the idea that the stance being held is robust and resistant to change.

비판적인 시각을 견지하는 것은 학자의 기본 자질입니다. (Maintaining a critical perspective is a basic quality of a scholar.)

Using 견지하다 correctly requires understanding its typical objects. It is almost always paired with nouns that represent an internal state or an external policy. Common objects include 태도 (attitude), 입장 (position/stance), 원칙 (principle), 관점 (viewpoint), and 자세 (posture/attitude). Because it is a formal verb, it is often found in the ~는/은 ~를 견지하고 있다 (is maintaining...) or ~를 견지해야 한다 (must maintain...) patterns.

Sentence Structure 1: The Principle-Based Approach: When someone refuses to compromise on their values, you use '원칙을 견지하다'.
Example: 그는 평생 청렴의 원칙을 견지하며 살았다. (He lived his whole life maintaining the principle of integrity.)

In diplomatic or political contexts, the word is used to describe a country's official line. If a government says they will '견지하다' a certain policy, they are signaling to the world that they will not be easily moved by threats or incentives. This adds a layer of 'firmness' that the word '유지하다' (maintain) lacks. For instance, '평화적 해결 원칙을 견지하다' means not just keeping a peaceful solution in mind, but actively and firmly sticking to it as a core strategy.

그 회사는 고객 중심의 경영 철학을 일관되게 견지해 왔습니다. (That company has consistently maintained a customer-centered management philosophy.)

Another important usage is in the context of critical thinking. Educators often encourage students to '객관적인 태도를 견지하다' (maintain an objective attitude). Here, the word highlights the difficulty of staying objective; it implies that without a firm 'hold' on objectivity, one might slip into bias. Therefore, 견지하다 often carries a connotation of 'discipline' or 'effort'. It is not a passive state of keeping something; it is an active state of preventing change.

Sentence Structure 2: The Viewpoint Approach: When analyzing a problem from a specific angle.
Example: 우리는 이 문제를 거시적인 관점에서 견지해야 합니다. (We must maintain a macroscopic viewpoint on this issue.)

어떤 상황에서도 침착함을 견지하는 것이 중요합니다. (It is important to maintain calmness in any situation.)

You are unlikely to hear 견지하다 in a casual conversation at a coffee shop or a convenience store. Instead, this word lives in the realms of 'Official Korea.' If you turn on the 9 PM news (KBS, MBC, SBS), you will hear news anchors use it when discussing the Ministry of Foreign Affairs or the Blue House. It provides a tone of gravity and permanence to the statements being reported. For example, '정부는 대화의 문을 열어두되, 안보에 있어서는 단호한 입장을 견지하고 있습니다' (The government is keeping the door to dialogue open but is maintaining a firm stance on security).

Common Context: News & Politics: Used to describe long-term national strategies or political ideologies that do not change with the wind.

In the academic world, 견지하다 is a staple of research papers (논문). Scholars use it to define their methodology or their theoretical standing. A sociologist might write about 'maintaining a gender-sensitive perspective' (젠더 감수성 있는 관점을 견지하며) throughout their study. It signals to the reader that the researcher has been consistent in their logic and has not deviated from their stated framework. If you are preparing for the TOPIK II (Test of Proficiency in Korean) writing section, using this word in your essay about social issues will significantly boost your score by demonstrating a high-level vocabulary.

토론자들은 각자의 논리를 견지하며 팽팽하게 맞섰습니다. (The debaters stood their ground firmly, each maintaining their own logic.)

You might also encounter this word in business settings, specifically in annual reports or CEO speeches. When a company wants to reassure shareholders that they are sticking to their core values despite a market downturn, they will use 견지하다. It sounds much more reliable and professional than saying 'we are just doing what we always do.' It implies a strategic choice. For instance, '혁신을 향한 우리의 자세를 견지하겠습니다' (We will maintain our posture toward innovation) sounds like a solemn promise.

Common Context: Corporate Vision: Used in mission statements to describe a commitment to ethics or quality standards.

그는 어떠한 유혹에도 흔들리지 않고 정직한 태도를 견지했습니다. (He maintained an honest attitude without being shaken by any temptation.)

The most common mistake learners make with 견지하다 is using it for physical objects or mundane situations. Because 'maintain' is a common translation, a learner might say "차를 견지하다" (maintain a car) or "건강을 견지하다" (maintain health). These are incorrect. For physical maintenance, use 유지하다 (maintain/keep) or 관리하다 (manage/care for). 견지하다 is strictly for 'abstract stances' and 'mental attitudes.'

Mistake 1: Physical Objects: Incorrect: 몸무게를 견지하다 (Maintain body weight).
Correct: 몸무게를 유지하다.

Another mistake is confusing 견지하다 with 고수하다 (adhere to/stick to). While they are similar, 고수하다 (固守--) often has a slightly more stubborn or defensive nuance. '고수하다' is like 'defending a fort' (the 'su' means protect). 견지하다 is more about the 'consistency of the viewpoint' itself. If you say someone '고수하다' their opinion, it might imply they are being a bit inflexible or refusing to listen. 견지하다 is more neutral and often positive, suggesting a principled consistency.

틀린 표현: 옛날 방식을 견지하다 (Use this only if it's a philosophical stance).
더 자연스러운 표현: 옛날 방식을 고수하다 (Sticking to old ways despite changes).

A third mistake is using it in casual speech. If you say "나는 매일 일찍 일어나는 태도를 견지해" (I maintain an attitude of waking up early every day) to your friends, it sounds unnaturally stiff. In casual conversation, simply say 지키다 (keep) or 유지하다. Reserve 견지하다 for writing, public speaking, or serious discussions about values and policies. Using high-level vocabulary in the wrong register can make you sound like a textbook rather than a person.

Mistake 2: Register Mismatch: Avoid using this word when talking about daily habits or small preferences. It is a word for 'big' ideas.

전문가들은 시장의 변동성에도 불구하고 낙관적인 전망을 견지하고 있습니다. (Experts are maintaining an optimistic outlook despite market volatility.)

To truly master 견지하다, you must see how it sits alongside its synonyms. Each has a slightly different shade of meaning. Choosing the right one depends on whether you want to emphasize 'keeping,' 'protecting,' or 'continuing.'

견지하다 vs. 유지하다 (Maintain): 유지하다 is the general-purpose word for 'keep as is.' It applies to temperature, weight, relationships, and systems. 견지하다 is specific to viewpoints and attitudes. You can '유지' a friendly relationship, but you '견지' a friendly attitude within that relationship.
견지하다 vs. 고수하다 (Adhere/Stick to): 고수하다 implies a sense of resistance. You '고수' something when there is pressure to change it. It often feels more 'stubborn.' 견지하다 is more about the internal consistency and the calm holding of a position.
견지하다 vs. 지키다 (Keep/Protect): 지키다 is a native Korean word. It is much more versatile and less formal. You can '지키다' a promise, a secret, or a house. 견지하다 is the intellectual, formal version used for principles and stances.

In some contexts, you might use 지속하다 (continue) if the focus is on the duration of the action, or 간직하다 (cherish/keep in heart) if the stance is more emotional or personal. However, if you are writing a formal report or an editorial, 견지하다 is often the most professional choice to describe a steady, unwavering viewpoint.

우리는 환경 보호라는 대원칙을 견지하며 사업을 확장할 것입니다. (We will expand our business while maintaining the grand principle of environmental protection.)

When should you use an alternative? If the situation is casual, use '지키다'. If you are talking about something physical, use '유지하다'. If you want to emphasize that you won't change your mind even if people hate you for it, use '고수하다'. If you want to sound like a balanced, principled professional, use 견지하다.

양측은 협상 과정에서 냉정한 태도를 견지하려고 노력했습니다. (Both sides tried to maintain a cool-headed attitude during the negotiation process.)

How Formal Is It?

Curiosidade

The character '堅' (Gyeon) depicts a hand holding something over soil, implying something that has become hardened and firm over time.

Guia de pronúncia

UK /ɡjʌn.dʑi.ɦa.da/

US /ɡjʌn.dʒi.hɑː.dɑː/

Stress is generally even across syllables, but a slight emphasis on the second syllable 'ji' is common.

Rima com

인지하다 (recognize) 유지하다 (maintain) 정지하다 (stop) 방지하다 (prevent) 검지하다 (detect) 공지하다 (announce) 통지하다 (notify) 전지하다 (prune)

Erros comuns

Pronouncing 'Gyeon' as 'Geon' (missing the 'y' sound).
Confusing 'ji' with 'chi'.
Making the 'h' in 'ha' too silent; it should be audible.
Pronouncing it as 'Gyeon-chi-ha-da'.
Over-aspirating the 'g' so it sounds like 'k'.

Nível de dificuldade

Leitura 4/5

Requires understanding of Hanja-based academic vocabulary.

Escrita 4/5

Useful for advanced essays but requires correct collocation knowledge.

Expressão oral 5/5

Rarely used in casual speech; hard to use naturally for learners.

Audição 3/5

Frequent in news and documentaries.

O que aprender depois

Pré-requisitos

유지하다 태도 입장 원칙 지키다

Aprenda a seguir

고수하다 표명하다 지향하다 관철하다 수렴하다

Avançado

견지 (Noun form) 견결하다 (Firm and resolute) 지조 (Integrity/Principles) 정조 (Chastity/Loyalty) 항심 (Constant mind)

Gramática essencial

Transitive Verb Construction (~을/를)

그는 자신의 신념을 견지했다.

Present Progressive (~고 있다)

정부는 강경한 입장을 견지하고 있다.

Modifying Nouns (~는)

원칙을 견지하는 자세가 필요하다.

Reason/Cause (~함에 따라)

일관된 원칙을 견지함에 따라 신뢰를 얻었다.

Intention/Plan (~할 방침이다)

앞으로도 이 노선을 견지할 방침이다.

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Exemplos por nível

나는 항상 착한 마음을 견지해요.

I always maintain a kind heart.

A1-level simplification of a complex concept.

우리는 친구를 사랑하는 태도를 견지해야 해요.

We must maintain an attitude of loving our friends.

Using '태도' (attitude) with '견지하다'.

선생님은 웃는 얼굴을 견지하세요.

The teacher maintains a smiling face.

Using '견지하다' to describe a consistent expression.

정직한 마음을 견지하는 것은 중요해요.

Maintaining an honest mind is important.

Using the nominalized form '~하는 것'.

그녀는 공부할 때 진지한 태도를 견지해요.

She maintains a serious attitude when studying.

Adding a time clause '공부할 때'.

우리는 약속을 지키는 자세를 견지해요.

We maintain a posture of keeping promises.

Using '자세' (posture/attitude) as an object.

항상 감사하는 마음을 견지하세요.

Please always maintain a thankful heart.

Imperative form '~하세요'.

그 아이는 용기 있는 태도를 견지했어요.

That child maintained a courageous attitude.

Past tense '견지했어요'.

그는 어려운 상황에서도 긍정적인 태도를 견지했다.

He maintained a positive attitude even in difficult situations.

Using '긍정적인' (positive) as a modifier.

우리는 서로를 존중하는 입장을 견지해야 합니다.

We must maintain a position of respecting each other.

Formal ending '~해야 합니다'.

그 회사는 품질 우선의 원칙을 견지하고 있다.

The company is maintaining the principle of quality first.

Present progressive '견지하고 있다'.

작가는 작품 속에서 중립적인 시각을 견지했다.

The writer maintained a neutral perspective in the work.

Using '시각' (perspective) as an object.

어떤 일이 있어도 침착함을 견지하는 것이 필요하다.

It is necessary to maintain calmness no matter what happens.

Using '침착함' (calmness) as a noun object.

정부는 평화 유지의 자세를 견지하기로 했다.

The government decided to maintain a posture of keeping peace.

Decided to: '~하기로 했다'.

부모님은 항상 공정한 태도를 견지하려고 노력하신다.

My parents try to maintain a fair attitude always.

Honorific form '노력하신다'.

우리는 환경 보호의 관점을 견지하며 생활해야 한다.

We must live while maintaining a viewpoint of environmental protection.

While doing: '~하며'.

그 학자는 자신의 이론을 일관되게 견지해 왔다.

That scholar has consistently maintained his theory.

Has been doing: '~해 왔다'.

정치인들은 국민의 이익을 최우선으로 견지해야 한다.

Politicians must maintain the interests of the people as their top priority.

Using '최우선으로' (as top priority) as an adverbial phrase.

그는 비판적인 안목을 견지하며 기사를 읽었다.

He read the article while maintaining a critical eye.

Using '안목' (eye/discernment) as an object.

회사는 혁신적인 경영 방침을 견지하기 위해 노력하고 있다.

The company is striving to maintain an innovative management policy.

In order to: '~하기 위해'.

우리는 민주주의의 가치를 견지하는 사회를 만들어야 한다.

We must create a society that maintains the values of democracy.

Relative clause '가치를 견지하는'.

그 선수는 경기 내내 자신감 있는 자세를 견지했다.

The athlete maintained a confident posture throughout the game.

Throughout: '~ 내내'.

양국은 대화를 통해 문제를 해결하려는 입장을 견지하고 있다.

Both countries are maintaining a position of trying to solve the problem through dialogue.

Trying to: '~하려는'.

어떤 유혹에도 흔들리지 않고 원칙을 견지하기란 쉽지 않다.

It is not easy to maintain principles without being shaken by any temptation.

To do something (as a subject): '~하기란'.

정부는 시장 경제의 기본 원칙을 확고히 견지할 방침이다.

The government plans to firmly maintain the basic principles of a market economy.

Plan to: '~할 방침이다'.

연구자는 실험 결과에 대해 객관적인 태도를 견지해야 한다.

The researcher must maintain an objective attitude toward the experimental results.

Regarding: '~에 대해'.

우리는 글로벌 시대에 걸맞은 열린 시각을 견지할 필요가 있다.

We need to maintain an open perspective suitable for the global era.

Suitable for: '~에 걸맞은'.

그 기업은 윤리 경영의 자세를 견지함으로써 소비자들의 신뢰를 얻었다.

The company gained consumers' trust by maintaining an ethical management posture.

By doing: '~함으로써'.

비판을 수용하면서도 자신의 중심을 견지하는 것이 중요하다.

It is important to maintain one's center while accepting criticism.

While doing (contrast): '~하면서도'.

그는 평생 동안 검소한 생활 태도를 견지하며 이웃을 도왔다.

He helped his neighbors while maintaining a frugal lifestyle throughout his life.

Throughout life: '평생 동안'.

언론은 권력에 대한 감시자로서의 본분을 견지해야 한다.

The media must maintain its duty as a watchdog over power.

As a: '~로서의'.

변화하는 환경 속에서도 핵심 가치를 견지하는 기업만이 살아남는다.

Only companies that maintain core values even in a changing environment survive.

Only: '~만이'.

본 논문은 구조주의적 관점을 견지하며 사회 현상을 분석하고자 한다.

This paper intends to analyze social phenomena while maintaining a structuralist perspective.

Intend to: '~하고자 한다'.

외교적 마찰에도 불구하고 정부는 기존의 강경한 입장을 견지했다.

Despite diplomatic friction, the government maintained its existing firm stance.

Despite: '~에도 불구하고'.

예술가는 대중의 기호에 영합하지 않고 독창적인 세계관을 견지했다.

The artist maintained an original worldview without pandering to public taste.

Without doing: '~하지 않고'.

법원은 법과 원칙에 따른 엄정한 태도를 견지하여 판결을 내렸다.

The court reached a verdict by maintaining a strict attitude according to the law and principles.

According to: '~에 따른'.

다양한 의견이 존재하지만, 우리는 보편적 인권의 가치를 견지해야 한다.

Various opinions exist, but we must maintain the value of universal human rights.

Universal: '보편적'.

그 철학자는 현대 사회의 물신주의를 비판하는 입장을 견지하고 있다.

The philosopher maintains a position of criticizing the materialism of modern society.

Materialism: '물신주의'.

역사적 진실을 규명하기 위해서는 객관적인 사관을 견지하는 것이 필수적이다.

Maintaining an objective historical perspective is essential to clarify historical truths.

Historical perspective: '사관'.

그 지도자는 위기 상황에서 평정심을 견지함으로써 조직을 안정시켰다.

The leader stabilized the organization by maintaining composure in a crisis situation.

Composure: '평정심'.

정부는 국가 안보와 직결된 사안에 대해 초당적인 협력 태도를 견지하기로 합의했다.

The government agreed to maintain a bipartisan cooperative attitude on matters directly related to national security.

Bipartisan: '초당적'.

이러한 거시적 담론 속에서도 미시적 분석의 예리함을 견지하는 것이 본 연구의 특징이다.

The characteristic of this study is maintaining the sharpness of microscopic analysis even within such macroscopic discourse.

Discourse: '담론'.

그는 평생을 바쳐 민주화 운동의 대의를 견지하며 불의에 항거했다.

He devoted his whole life to maintaining the great cause of the democratization movement and resisting injustice.

Great cause: '대의'.

급변하는 국제 정세 속에서 실리 중심의 외교 노선을 견지하는 것은 매우 까다로운 과제이다.

Maintaining a pragmatic diplomatic line centered on practical interests amidst a rapidly changing international situation is a very tricky task.

Pragmatic: '실리 중심'.

문학 비평가는 텍스트의 다의성을 인정하면서도 해석의 일관성을 견지해야 한다.

A literary critic must maintain consistency in interpretation while acknowledging the polysemy of the text.

Polysemy: '다의성'.

그 기업가는 이윤 추구보다 사회적 책임을 견지하는 경영 철학으로 존경을 받았다.

The entrepreneur was respected for a management philosophy that maintained social responsibility over profit-seeking.

Social responsibility: '사회적 책임'.

어떠한 정치적 압력에도 굴하지 않고 사법권의 독립성을 견지하는 것이 민주주의의 보루이다.

Maintaining the independence of the judiciary without yielding to any political pressure is the bulwark of democracy.

Bulwark: '보루'.

지식인은 시대의 아픔에 공감하면서도 냉철한 지적 거리를 견지할 수 있어야 한다.

An intellectual must be able to maintain a cool intellectual distance while empathizing with the pain of the times.

Intellectual distance: '지적 거리'.

Sinônimos

유지하다 고수하다 지키다 지탱하다

Antônimos

포기하다 번복하다 바꾸다

Colocações comuns

태도를 견지하다

입장을 견지하다

원칙을 견지하다

관점을 견지하다

자세를 견지하다

시각을 견지하다

노선을 견지하다

정체성을 견지하다

품위를 견지하다

평정심을 견지하다

Frases Comuns

중립을 견지하다

— To maintain neutrality. Often used in international relations or legal disputes.

스위스는 오랜 기간 중립을 견지해 왔다.

침묵을 견지하다

— To maintain silence. Used when someone refuses to speak on a sensitive issue.

그는 검찰의 질문에 침묵을 견지했다.

일관성을 견지하다

— To maintain consistency. Used in logic, policy, or personal behavior.

정책의 일관성을 견지하는 것이 신뢰의 핵심이다.

거리를 견지하다

— To maintain a distance. Often used figuratively for emotional or intellectual distance.

비평가는 대상과 일정한 거리를 견지해야 한다.

평화를 견지하다

— To maintain peace. Used in political or social stability contexts.

정부는 한반도의 평화를 견지하기 위해 최선을 다하고 있다.

냉정함을 견지하다

— To maintain one's cool. Used in stressful or high-pressure situations.

협상가는 끝까지 냉정함을 견지했다.

강경책을 견지하다

— To maintain a hard-line policy. Used when a government refuses to compromise.

정부는 불법 시위에 대해 강경책을 견지할 예정이다.

본질을 견지하다

— To maintain the essence. Used in design, philosophy, or branding.

브랜드의 본질을 견지하면서 트렌드를 따라가야 한다.

품격을 견지하다

— To maintain dignity or class. Used for personal conduct.

그녀는 힘든 상황에서도 품격을 견지했다.

우위를 견지하다

— To maintain a superior position. Used in competition or war.

우리 팀은 경기 초반부터 우위를 견지했다.

Frequentemente confundido com

견지하다 vs 유지하다

General maintenance (physical/state) vs. 견지하다 (mental/stance).

견지하다 vs 고수하다

Sticking to something defensively vs. 견지하다 (consistent holding of a view).

견지하다 vs 간직하다

Keeping a feeling/memory in the heart vs. 견지하다 (formal stance).

Expressões idiomáticas

"초지일관의 태도를 견지하다"

— To maintain the same attitude from the very beginning to the end.

그는 초지일관의 태도를 견지하여 마침내 성공했다.

Formal/Literary

"부동의 자세를 견지하다"

— To maintain an unshakeable posture; to be firm and immovable.

정부는 개혁에 대해 부동의 자세를 견지하고 있다.

Formal

"철두철미한 원칙을 견지하다"

— To maintain thorough and meticulous principles.

그는 철두철미한 원칙을 견지하는 사람으로 유명하다.

Formal

"불굴의 의지를 견지하다"

— To maintain an indomitable will.

그는 불굴의 의지를 견지하며 난관을 극복했다.

Literary

"좌고우면하지 않고 입장을 견지하다"

— To maintain a position without looking left and right (without hesitation).

그는 좌고우면하지 않고 자신의 신념을 견지했다.

Formal/Idiomatic

"일각의 흐트러짐도 없이 태도를 견지하다"

— To maintain an attitude without a single moment of disorder.

그는 재판 내내 일각의 흐트러짐도 없이 침착한 태도를 견지했다.

Formal

"한결같은 마음을 견지하다"

— To maintain a heart that is always the same (consistent).

십 년이 지나도 그는 한결같은 마음을 견지하고 있다.

Neutral

"독야청청의 기개를 견지하다"

— To maintain a spirit of standing alone and green (staying true to oneself while others change).

그는 어지러운 세상 속에서도 독야청청의 기개를 견지했다.

Literary/Archaic

"명경지수의 마음을 견지하다"

— To maintain a mind like a clear mirror and still water (perfectly calm).

그는 명경지수의 마음을 견지하며 명상에 잠겼다.

Literary

"정공법을 견지하다"

— To maintain a frontal attack approach (dealing with things honestly and directly).

그는 꼼수를 쓰지 않고 정공법을 견지했다.

Neutral/Business

Fácil de confundir

견지하다 vs 견제하다

Similar pronunciation.

견제하다 means to check/keep in check or restrain someone. 견지하다 means to maintain a stance.

야당은 정부를 견제해야 한다. (The opposition party should check the government.)

견지하다 vs 인지하다

Both end in '지하다'.

인지하다 means to recognize or perceive. 견지하다 means to maintain.

위험을 인지하고 대피했다. (Recognized danger and evacuated.)

견지하다 vs 정지하다

Rhyming ending.

정지하다 means to stop or come to a halt.

차가 갑자기 정지했다. (The car stopped suddenly.)

견지하다 vs 견지 (Noun)

Same characters.

As a noun, 견지 means 'viewpoint' or 'standpoint' (e.g., ~의 견지에서). As a verb, it is the action of maintaining that viewpoint.

교육적 견지에서 본다면... (From an educational standpoint...)

견지하다 vs 관철하다

Both involve 'sticking to something'.

관철하다 means to carry through or achieve one's goal despite obstacles. 견지하다 is just the act of maintaining the state of the stance.

끝내 자신의 주장을 관철했다. (Finally carried through his argument.)

Padrões de frases

[Noun]을/를 견지하다

원칙을 견지하다.

[Adjective]한 태도를 견지하다

냉정한 태도를 견지하다.

[Noun]라는 입장을 견지하다

무죄라는 입장을 견지하다.

[Noun]적 관점을 견지하며 [Action]

비판적 관점을 견지하며 분석하다.

[Noun]에 대해 [Adjective]한 자세를 견지하다

정치에 대해 중립적인 자세를 견지하다.

[Noun]을/를 견지하기 위해 노력하다

평정심을 견지하기 위해 노력하다.

[Noun]을/를 견지함에 있어 [Noun]이 중요하다

일관성을 견지함에 있어 소통이 중요하다.

어떠한 [Noun]에도 불구하고 [Noun]을/를 견지하다

어떠한 압력에도 불구하고 소신을 견지하다.

Família de palavras

Substantivos

견지 (viewpoint/prospect)

견지인 (person who maintains a stance - rare)

Verbos

견지시키다 (to make someone maintain a stance)

Adjetivos

견지되는 (being maintained)

Relacionado

견고하다 (firm/solid)

지속하다 (continue)

파지하다 (to hold/grasp)

견실하다 (reliable/solid)

견인하다 (to lead/tow)

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Como usar

frequency

High in written media, low in daily conversation.

Erros comuns

사용하는 차를 견지하다. → 사용하는 차를 관리하다.
You cannot '견지' a physical object like a car. Use '관리하다' (manage) or '유지하다' (maintain condition).
오늘 날씨가 따뜻함을 견지하고 있다. → 오늘 날씨가 따뜻함을 유지하고 있다.
Weather or temperature states use '유지하다'. '견지하다' is for mental or strategic stances.
친구와 좋은 관계를 견지하다. → 친구와 좋은 관계를 유지하다.
Relationships are '유지' (maintained). '견지' is for your internal attitude within that relationship.
돈을 많이 견지하고 싶다. → 돈을 많이 가지고 싶다 / 유지하고 싶다.
'견지하다' is not for possession of money. It's for principles.
그는 나쁜 버릇을 견지했다. → 그는 나쁜 버릇을 고수했다 / 버리지 못했다.
'견지하다' usually implies a conscious, often principled choice. A bad habit is better described with '고수하다' (stubbornly sticking) or '버리지 못하다' (cannot throw away).

Dicas

Pair with Abstract Nouns

Always remember that '견지하다' loves abstract nouns like '태도', '입장', and '원칙'. If you can't touch it, you can probably '견지' it.

Keep it Formal

Use this word in essays, speeches, and interviews. It will make you sound professional and educated.

Don't Overuse

While it's a great word, don't use it every time you mean 'maintain.' Mix it up with '유지하다' or '고수하다' to show a wider vocabulary range.

Watch the Particles

Always use the object particle '~을/를' with the noun you are maintaining.

Clear 'Ji'

Ensure the 'ji' sound is clear and not slurred into the 'ha' that follows. Gyeon-ji-ha-da.

TOPIK Level Up

In the TOPIK writing task 54, using '견지하다' to describe a social stance will impress the graders.

News Context

When you hear '정부는...' (The government...), get ready to hear '견지하다' at the end of the sentence.

Remember the 'Firm' Hand

Think of the Hanja 'Gyeon' (firm) to remind yourself that this isn't just maintaining; it's holding firmly.

Collocation King

Memorize '태도를 견지하다' as a single block. It's the most common way to use the word.

Neutral Tone

Use this word when you want to describe someone's consistency without judging whether they are right or wrong.

Memorize

Mnemônico

Think of 'Gyeon' as 'Gyeon-go' (solid) and 'Ji' as 'Ji-gi' (keeping). You are 'solidly keeping' your thoughts.

Associação visual

Imagine a person standing in a storm, holding a large flagpole (their stance) that doesn't move an inch.

Word Web

원칙 (Principle) 태도 (Attitude) 입장 (Stance) 관점 (Viewpoint) 유지 (Maintenance) 고수 (Adherence) 일관성 (Consistency) 신념 (Belief)

Desafio

Try to write a sentence about your own life using '견지하다'. For example, '나는 매일 아침 일찍 일어나는 태도를 견지하려고 노력한다.'

Origem da palavra

Derived from the Hanja word 堅持 (견지).

Significado original: To hold (持) firmly (堅). Originally referred to physical grip but evolved to mean mental or ideological steadfastness.

Sino-Korean (Hanja-eo).

Contexto cultural

This word is neutral but implies a high level of education. Using it incorrectly (e.g., for simple things) can make one look like they are 'trying too hard' to sound smart.

The closest English equivalents are 'to maintain a stance' or 'to uphold a principle.' It is more formal than 'to keep.'

Often used in Korean presidential speeches during the New Year. Commonly found in editorials of 'The Chosun Ilbo' or 'The Hankyoreh' newspapers. A frequent word in the 'Myeong-sim-bo-gam' (Precious Mirror of the Pure Mind) classical texts.

Pratique na vida real

Contextos reais

Diplomacy

중립적 태도를 견지하다
기존 입장을 견지하다
비핵화 원칙을 견지하다
평화적 해결 노선을 견지하다

Academic Research

객관적 관점을 견지하다
학문적 엄밀함을 견지하다
비판적 시각을 견지하다
일관된 논리를 견지하다

Business

고객 중심의 자세를 견지하다
품질 최우선 원칙을 견지하다
윤리 경영의 입장을 견지하다
혁신적 마인드를 견지하다

Personal Growth

초심을 견지하다
겸손한 태도를 견지하다
긍정적인 마인드를 견지하다
평정심을 견지하다

Law/Judiciary

엄정한 태도를 견지하다
법과 원칙을 견지하다
증거 중심의 시각을 견지하다
중립성을 견지하다

Iniciadores de conversa

"토론할 때 가장 중요하게 견지해야 할 태도는 무엇이라고 생각하세요?"

"힘든 상황에서도 평정심을 견지하는 비결이 있나요?"

"정부가 외교 정책에서 중립을 견지하는 것에 대해 어떻게 생각하세요?"

"자신만의 삶의 원칙을 견지하며 사는 것이 왜 중요할까요?"

"학자로서 비판적인 시각을 견지하는 것은 어떤 의미가 있을까요?"

Temas para diário

내가 살면서 끝까지 견지하고 싶은 가치 세 가지는 무엇인가?

최근에 어려운 일이 있었을 때, 나는 어떤 태도를 견지했는가?

사회적 갈등 속에서 중립적인 입장을 견지하는 것이 가능한가?

나의 직업적 전문성을 위해 견지해야 할 원칙은 무엇인가?

과거에 나의 입장을 견지하지 못해 후회했던 경험이 있는가?

Perguntas frequentes

10 perguntas

No, that would be incorrect. '견지하다' is used for abstract things like thoughts, attitudes, and policies. For physical things like weight or temperature, you should use '유지하다'. For example, '몸무게를 유지하다' is correct.

Mostly, yes. It implies a sense of principle and consistency. However, in a critical context, someone might be criticized for '견지하다'-ing an outdated or stubborn stance, though '고수하다' is more common for negative stubbornness.

The most common objects are '태도' (attitude) and '입장' (position). You will see '태도를 견지하다' or '입장을 견지하다' in almost every news report regarding a government's decision.

You say '중립적인 입장을 견지하다'. This is a very common phrase in news and law.

It's not recommended unless you are joking or having a very serious, high-level debate. It sounds like a politician speaking. Use '지키다' or '생각을 안 바꾸다' instead.

'견지하다' is about consistency and the calm holding of a view. '고수하다' implies defending that view against others who want you to change. '고수하다' feels more active and sometimes more stubborn.

Yes, it is 堅持. 堅 (Gyeon) means 'firm' and 持 (Ji) means 'to hold'.

Yes, '견지되다' is used, though less common. For example, '그의 원칙은 평생 동안 견지되었다' (His principles were maintained throughout his life).

Yes, very frequently. It is a 'must-know' word for level 5 and 6 (Advanced) students, particularly for the writing and reading sections.

No. For car maintenance, use '관리하다' (manage/care for) or '정비하다' (service/repair).

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