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A1 noun 9 min de leitura

buty

Exemplos buty em 30 segundos
Explicação buty in your Level:
At the A1 level, you only need to know that 'buty' means shoes. You should be able to say that you have shoes, what color they are, and whether they are big or small. You should also recognize the basic command 'zdejmij buty' (take off your shoes) as it is very common in Polish homes. Focus on the nominative plural 'buty' and the basic genitive 'butów' for negation (e.g., 'Nie mam butów'). At this stage, don't worry about complex declensions; just focus on identifying the object and its basic properties like color (czarne buty, białe buty).
At the A2 level, you should be able to use 'buty' in a variety of shopping contexts. You should know how to ask for a specific size ('rozmiar') and describe how the shoes feel ('są wygodne' - they are comfortable, 'cisną mnie' - they pinch me). You should also start distinguishing between basic types of shoes, such as 'buty sportowe' (sports shoes) and 'buty zimowe' (winter boots). You will begin to use the instrumental case in phrases like 'idę w nowych butach' (I am going in new shoes). Understanding the difference between 'nosić' (to wear generally) and 'mieć na sobie' (to be wearing now) becomes important.
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At the B1 level, you are expected to handle more complex interactions involving shoes, such as returning a faulty pair to a shop ('reklamacja'). you should be able to describe parts of the shoe, like 'sznurówki' (shoelaces) or 'podeszwa' (sole). You will also encounter common idioms and proverbs, such as 'szewc bez butów chodzi'. Your grammar should be more precise, correctly applying all seven cases of 'buty' and ensuring adjective agreement across different sentence structures. You should also be comfortable using terms like 'obuwie' in semi-formal contexts.
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At the B2 level, you should be familiar with the metaphorical uses of 'buty'. You can discuss fashion trends using terms like 'fason' (cut/style) or 'materiał' (material). You should understand the nuances of synonyms like 'trzewiki' (slightly old-fashioned boots) or 'półbuty' (low-cut shoes). You can express more complex ideas, such as 'wejść w czyjeś buty' (to take over someone's role or empathize with them). You should also be aware of regional variations, such as 'pantofle' being used for slippers in southern Poland.
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At the C1 level, you have a near-native command of the word and its associations. You can use 'buty' in sophisticated literary or professional contexts. You understand the historical connotations of different types of footwear in Polish culture (e.g., 'buty z cholewami'). You can distinguish between subtle shades of meaning in augmentatives like 'buciska' (expressing disdain or humor) and diminutives like 'buciki'. You are also familiar with less common idioms and can use them naturally in conversation to sound more authentic.
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At the C2 level, you understand the word 'buty' in all its linguistic, cultural, and historical depth. You can appreciate puns, wordplay, and complex literary metaphors involving footwear. You are aware of the etymological roots of the word and how it has evolved in the Polish language. You can discuss the socio-economic implications of footwear in history or modern society fluently. For you, 'buty' is not just a noun, but a versatile tool for expression that carries centuries of Polish domestic and social tradition.
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Exemplos

buty em 30 segundos

  • Buty means shoes in Polish. It is the plural form of the word 'but'. It is a masculine noun used for all types of footwear.
  • Culturally, removing your shoes at the entrance of a Polish home is essential. Hosts often provide slippers (kapcie) for guests to wear instead.
  • Grammatically, remember that 'buty' is plural. The negative form is 'butów' (e.g., I don't have shoes = Nie mam butów), which is a common mistake.
  • Common types include buty sportowe (sneakers), kozaki (winter boots), and sandały (sandals). The person who repairs them is called a szewc.

The Polish word buty is the plural form of but, meaning 'shoe.' In everyday Polish, it serves as the universal term for any kind of footwear, encompassing everything from heavy winter boots to light sneakers. When you walk into a Polish home, the first thing you will likely hear or deal with is your buty, as it is a deeply ingrained cultural norm to remove them at the door. This word is one of the most essential nouns for a beginner because it appears in daily routines, shopping scenarios, and social interactions. Whether you are describing what someone is wearing, looking for a lost item, or shopping at a 'sklep obuwniczy' (shoe store), buty is your go-to term.

Grammatical Category
Noun, non-personal masculine plural (męskorzeczowy). While the singular is 'but', Poles almost always discuss them in the plural because we rarely wear just one.
Cultural Significance
In Poland, shoes are more than just protection; they represent a boundary between the 'dirty' outside world and the 'clean' domestic space. Most Polish households provide 'kapcie' (slippers) for guests so they don't have to walk in their 'buty'.
Common Varieties
The term acts as a parent category for 'kozaki' (boots), 'sandały' (sandals), 'trampki' (canvas shoes), and 'szpilki' (high heels).

Muszę kupić nowe buty na zimę, bo moje stare przemakają.

Translation: I must buy new shoes for winter because my old ones are leaking.

The word is also used metaphorically in many Polish expressions. To 'be in someone's shoes' (być w czyichś butach) means the same as in English—to empathize or understand someone's difficult situation. Understanding the nuances of buty involves knowing how to decline it through the seven Polish cases, which changes the ending depending on whether you are talking about having shoes, looking at shoes, or walking with shoes.

Zdejmij buty przed wejściem do salonu.

Translation: Take off your shoes before entering the living room.

In a retail context, you will see 'buty męskie' (men's shoes), 'buty damskie' (women's shoes), and 'buty dziecięce' (children's shoes). The size is called 'rozmiar buta'. If you are in a shop and the shoes are too tight, you say 'te buty mnie cisną' (these shoes are pinching me). If they are too big, you say 'te buty są za duże'.

Twoje buty są bardzo brudne od błota.

Translation: Your shoes are very dirty from mud.
Historical Note
Historically, shoes were a status symbol in Poland. Peasants often went barefoot or wore 'łapcie' (woven shoes), while 'buty z cholewami' (high boots) were reserved for the nobility and wealthy farmers.

Using buty correctly requires understanding how it interacts with verbs of movement and possession. Because 'buty' is almost always used in the plural, you must ensure that your adjectives and verbs agree in number. For example, you wouldn't say 'ten buty' (this shoe), but rather te buty (these shoes).

Gdzie są moje buty? Nie mogę ich znaleźć!

Translation: Where are my shoes? I can't find them!

The most common verbs used with buty are zakładać/założyć (to put on), zdejmować/zdjąć (to take off), and nosić (to wear). Note that 'nosić' implies a regular habit or state, whereas 'mieć na sobie' is used for what you are wearing right at this moment.

The Genitive Case (Butów)
When you negate possession, the word changes to 'butów'. For example: 'Nie mam butów' (I don't have shoes). This is a frequent stumbling block for English speakers who are used to the word remaining the same.
The Instrumental Case (Butami)
Used when describing an action done with shoes. 'Tupać butami' (to stomp with shoes). It also follows the preposition 'między' (between) or 'pod' (under).

Ona kupiła sobie piękne, czerwone buty na wysokim obcasie.

Translation: She bought herself beautiful red high-heeled shoes.

When describing the condition of shoes, Poles use adjectives like wygodne (comfortable), ciasne (tight), znoszone (worn out), or nowe (new). If you want to specify the material, you use 'z' plus the material in the genitive: 'buty ze skóry' (leather shoes) or 'buty z zamszu' (suede shoes).

Pod łóżkiem leżą stare buty mojego dziadka.

Translation: My grandfather's old shoes are lying under the bed.

In formal writing, you might encounter the word obuwie, which is a collective noun for footwear (like 'footwear' vs 'shoes'). However, in conversation, buty is almost always preferred. If you are talking about sports, you might hear adidasy, which is a genericized trademark used for any sneakers, regardless of the brand.

The most common place to encounter the word buty is at the entrance of a home. Poland is a 'no-shoes-indoors' culture. You will hear hosts say, 'Proszę, zdejmij buty' or 'Nie musisz zdejmować butów' (though they usually expect you to anyway). This social ritual makes the word foundational for anyone visiting or living in Poland.

W tym sklepie są bardzo tanie buty sportowe.

Translation: There are very cheap sports shoes in this shop.

Another frequent setting is the shopping mall (galeria handlowa). Signs will point to 'obuwie', but customers will ask, 'Czy te buty są w rozmiarze 42?'. You will also hear it in weather-related contexts. Because Poland has four distinct seasons, the type of buty people wear changes drastically. In winter, everyone talks about buty zimowe; in spring, buty przejściowe (transitional shoes); and in summer, buty letnie.

In Schools and Workplaces
In Polish schools, children are required to have 'buty na zmianę' (change of shoes). This is to keep the classrooms clean. You will hear teachers reminding students: 'Zmień buty!'.
At the Gym
Gyms often have strict rules about 'czyste buty' (clean shoes). You might hear the receptionist say: 'Proszę pamiętać o zmiennych butach'.

Parents often use the word with their children. 'Zawiąż buty' (tie your shoes) is a phrase heard in every park and playground. If a child is walking through a puddle, the parent might yell, 'Zniszczysz buty!' (You'll ruin your shoes!).

Moje buty są całe mokre od deszczu.

Translation: My shoes are completely wet from the rain.

In the media, you might hear about 'buty' in fashion segments or sports commentary. When a football player scores a goal, a commentator might mention their 'złote buty' (golden boots/shoes). In literature or news, you might see the idiom 'wejść w czyjeś buty' (to step into someone's shoes/role).

One of the most frequent mistakes for English speakers is using the wrong case for buty when expressing absence. In English, we say 'I don't have shoes.' In Polish, the negative requires the genitive case, which is butów, not 'buty'. Saying 'Nie mam buty' is a classic beginner error.

Incorrect: Nie mam buty.
Correct: Nie mam butów.

Another mistake involves the word for 'wearing.' Beginners often translate 'I am wearing shoes' literally using the verb 'nosić' as 'Noszę buty'. While grammatically correct, 'nosić' implies a general habit (e.g., 'I wear shoes every day'). If you want to say you have them on right now, it's more natural to say 'Mam na sobie buty'.

Singular vs. Plural
Learners sometimes use 'but' when they mean the pair. Remember, 'but' is one single shoe. If you lost both, you lost 'buty'. If you are missing just the left one, you lost 'but'.
Adjective Agreement
Since 'buty' is masculine plural (non-personal), adjectives must end in '-e' (e.g., 'nowe buty', 'stare buty', 'ładne buty'). A common mistake is using the masculine singular ending '-y' or '-i'.

Confusing 'buty' with 'budy' is another phonetical trap. Buda (plural budy) means a dog kennel or a slang term for school. Ensure you pronounce the 't' clearly to avoid telling someone you like their 'kennels' instead of their 'shoes'.

To są buty mojego brata, a nie moje.

Translation: These are my brother's shoes, not mine.

While buty is the universal term, Polish has a rich vocabulary for specific types of footwear. Knowing these alternatives will make your Polish sound more precise and advanced.

Obuwie vs. Buty
Obuwie: Formal, collective term used in stores, law, and industry.
Buty: Everyday, conversational term used by everyone.
Adidasy vs. Trampki
Adidasy: Any brand of sneakers or athletic shoes.
Trampki: Specifically canvas shoes like Converse or Vans.
Kapcie vs. Pantofle
Kapcie: Soft slippers worn at home.
Pantofle: Can mean slippers (regional, especially in the south) or formal dress shoes (older usage).

For specific styles, you might use kozaki (tall winter boots), botki (ankle boots), szpilki (stiletto heels), or czółenka (pumps). If you are talking about heavy work boots or hiking boots, you might hear trapery.

Zamiast ciężkich butów, załóż dzisiaj lekkie sandały.

Translation: Instead of heavy shoes, put on light sandals today.

In a more derogatory or humorous sense, very large or ugly shoes can be called buciska. If shoes are very old and falling apart, someone might call them kapcie even if they aren't slippers, or ciapy.

Guia de pronúncia

UK /ˈbu.tɨ/
US /ˈbu.tɪ/
The stress is on the first syllable: BU-ty.
Rima com
luty (February) knuty (plots) skuty (shackled) zepsuty (broken) opluty (spat upon) nadpłuty (partially eroded) rozkluty (pierced) zakuty (encased)
Erros comuns
  • Pronouncing 'y' as 'ee' (sounding like 'buti').
  • Confusing the 't' with a 'd' (sounding like 'budy' - kennels).
  • Making the 'u' too short like 'u' in 'but' (English). It should be long 'oo'.
  • Swallowing the final 'y' sound.
  • Incorrectly stressing the second syllable.
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Exemplos por nível

1

To są moje nowe buty.

These are my new shoes.

Nominative plural.

2

Masz bardzo ładne buty.

You have very nice shoes.

Accusative plural (same as nominative for non-personal).

3

Gdzie są twoje buty?

Where are your shoes?

Question with nominative plural.

4

Moje buty są czarne.

My shoes are black.

Adjective agreement (plural masculine).

5

Nie mam butów.

I don't have shoes.

Genitive plural after negation.

6

Zdejmij buty, proszę.

Take off your shoes, please.

Imperative verb + accusative.

7

Te buty są małe.

These shoes are small.

Demonstrative pronoun 'te'.

8

On kupuje buty.

He is buying shoes.

Present tense verb.

1

Szukam butów w rozmiarze 38.

I am looking for shoes in size 38.

Genitive plural after 'szukać'.

2

Te buty są bardzo wygodne do chodzenia.

These shoes are very comfortable for walking.

Adjective 'wygodne'.

3

Muszę wyczyścić moje buty.

I must clean my shoes.

Infinitive + object.

4

Czy te buty są ze skóry?

Are these shoes made of leather?

Preposition 'z' + genitive.

5

Kupiłem te buty na wyprzedaży.

I bought these shoes on sale.

Past tense masculine.

6

Moje buty sportowe są w torbie.

My sports shoes are in the bag.

Locative case for 'torbie'.

7

Nie lubię nosić ciasnych butów.

I don't like wearing tight shoes.

Genitive plural after 'lubić' + negation.

8

Załóż buty, idziemy na spacer.

Put on your shoes, we are going for a walk.

Perfective imperative.

1

Szewc naprawił moje ulubione buty.

The cobbler fixed my favorite shoes.

Subject-Verb-Object.

2

Te buty przemakają na deszczu.

These shoes leak in the rain.

Verb 'przemakać'.

3

Muszę wymienić sznurówki w tych butach.

I need to replace the laces in these shoes.

Locative plural after 'w'.

4

Ona zawsze chodzi w butach na wysokim obcasie.

She always walks in high-heeled shoes.

Instrumental/Locative context.

5

Te buty nie pasują do mojej sukienki.

These shoes don't match my dress.

Verb 'pasować do' + genitive.

6

W szafie mam mnóstwo starych butów.

I have a lot of old shoes in the wardrobe.

Genitive plural after 'mnóstwo'.

7

Zgubiłem jeden but na plaży.

I lost one shoe on the beach.

Singular 'but'.

8

Czy te buty nadają się do biegania?

Are these shoes suitable for running?

Reflexive verb 'nadawać się'.

1

Nie chciałbym być w jego butach w tej sytuacji.

I wouldn't want to be in his shoes in this situation.

Idiomatic usage.

2

Jego buty były tak zniszczone, że nadawały się tylko do wyrzucenia.

His shoes were so worn out that they were only fit to be thrown away.

Result clause.

3

Zawsze wybieram buty z grubą podeszwą na zimę.

I always choose shoes with a thick sole for winter.

Instrumental case 'podeszwą'.

4

Te buty są wykonane z najwyższej jakości zamszu.

These shoes are made of the highest quality suede.

Passive voice construction.

5

Muszę rozchodzić te nowe buty, bo są trochę sztywne.

I need to break in these new shoes because they are a bit stiff.

Verb 'rozchodzić' (to break in).

6

Wyszedł z domu w pośpiechu, zakładając dwa różne buty.

He left the house in a hurry, putting on two different shoes.

Present participle 'zakładając'.

7

Te buty idealnie amortyzują wstrząsy podczas skakania.

These shoes perfectly absorb shocks during jumping.

Technical vocabulary.

8

Wstydził się swoich starych, brudnych butów.

He was ashamed of his old, dirty shoes.

Genitive after 'wstydzić się'.

1

To obuwie robocze posiada atest bezpieczeństwa.

This work footwear has a safety certificate.

Formal term 'obuwie'.

2

Jego argumenty kompletnie mnie z butów wyrwały.

His arguments completely knocked me off my feet (knocked me out of my shoes).

Idiomatic expression.

3

Projektant położył duży nacisk na ergonomię tych butów.

The designer put a lot of emphasis on the ergonomics of these shoes.

Abstract noun usage.

4

Trudno wejść w buty tak wybitnego poprzednika.

It is hard to step into the shoes of such a distinguished predecessor.

Metaphorical usage.

5

Zamszowe buty wymagają specjalnej konserwacji i impregnacji.

Suede shoes require special maintenance and waterproofing.

Specialized terminology.

6

Ceny butów skórzanych drastycznie wzrosły w ostatnim kwartale.

Prices of leather shoes have risen drastically in the last quarter.

Economic context.

7

Mimo upływu lat, te buty zachowały swój pierwotny fason.

Despite the passing years, these shoes have kept their original cut.

Formal structure.

8

Był szewcem, ale sam zawsze chodził w dziurawych butach.

He was a cobbler, but he himself always walked in shoes with holes.

Ironic contrast.

1

Ewolucja butów odzwierciedla zmiany w hierarchii społecznej na przestrzeni wieków.

The evolution of shoes reflects changes in social hierarchy over the centuries.

Academic register.

2

W literaturze buty często symbolizują drogę życiową lub status materialny bohatera.

In literature, shoes often symbolize a life path or a character's material status.

Literary analysis.

3

Zastosowanie nowoczesnych polimerów zrewolucjonizowało produkcję butów wyczynowych.

The use of modern polymers has revolutionized the production of performance shoes.

Scientific/Technical context.

4

Jego bezczelność sprawiła, że niemal wyskoczyłem z butów z oburzenia.

His insolence made me almost jump out of my shoes with indignation.

Emotional idiom.

5

Kwestia utylizacji zużytych butów staje się istotnym problemem ekologicznym.

The issue of disposing of used shoes is becoming a significant ecological problem.

Environmental discourse.

6

Kunszt, z jakim wykonano te buty, świadczy o najwyższej klasie rzemiosła.

The craftsmanship with which these shoes were made testifies to the highest class of artisanship.

Appreciative formal tone.

7

Subtelna gra kolorów na cholewce buta przyciągała wzrok koneserów.

The subtle play of colors on the shoe's upper caught the eye of connoisseurs.

Descriptive aesthetic language.

8

Filozofia 'chodzenia w czyichś butach' jest fundamentem współczesnej empatii.

The philosophy of 'walking in someone else's shoes' is the foundation of modern empathy.

Philosophical context.

Colocações comuns

nowe buty
wygodne buty
buty sportowe
buty zimowe
rozmiar buta
para butów
czyścić buty
wiązać buty
zdejmować buty
buty na obcasie

Frases Comuns

zmienić buty

— To change shoes, often required in Polish schools or gyms.

Pamiętaj, żeby zmienić buty w szkole.

buty mnie cisną

— My shoes are too tight/pinching me.

Nie mogę w nich chodzić, te buty mnie cisną.

buty przemakają

— The shoes are leaking water (not waterproof).

Moje buty przemakają na każdym deszczu.

buty na zmianę

— A spare pair of shoes to change into.

Masz buty na zmianę do przedszkola?

buty do biegania

— Running shoes.

To są najlepsze buty do biegania na rynku.

pastować buty

— To polish shoes with shoe polish.

Mój tata zawsze pastuje buty w sobotę.

rozchodzić buty

— To break in new shoes.

Muszę rozchodzić te buty przed weselem.

buty za duże

— Shoes that are too big.

Te buty są o dwa rozmiary za duże.

buty robocze

— Work boots/safety shoes.

Na budowie musisz nosić buty robocze.

buty wyjściowe

— Dress shoes for going out.

Gdzie są moje czarne buty wyjściowe?

Expressões idiomáticas

"być w czyichś butach"

— To be in someone else's situation, usually a difficult one.

Nie chciałbym być w twoich butach, gdy szef się dowie.

neutral
"szewc bez butów chodzi"

— Someone who is an expert in a field but neglects their own needs in that area.

Mój mąż jest informatykiem, a nasz komputer nie działa – szewc bez butów chodzi.

proverb
"wyskoczyć z butów"

— To be extremely surprised or shocked.

Jak usłyszałem tę wiadomość, to prawie wyskoczyłem z butów.

informal
"wejść w czyjeś buty"

— To take over someone's role or position.

Trudno będzie wejść w buty poprzedniego dyrektora.

neutral
"z lica jak z buta"

— Used to describe someone who looks rough or unattractive (very informal and rude).

On jest z lica jak z buta.

slang
"robić kogoś w buta"

— To trick or deceive someone.

Nie daj się zrobić w buta temu sprzedawcy.

informal
"mieć kogoś w butach"

— To ignore someone or treat them with contempt.

On ma wszystkich w butach.

informal
"buty z cholewami"

— Often used to describe something old-fashioned or traditional high boots.

Ubrał się jak na wesele w buty z cholewami.

literary
"pójść w buty"

— To go to waste or be ruined (less common).

Cała nasza praca poszła w buty.

informal
"wyrwać kogoś z butów"

— To impress someone immensely or shock them.

Ten koncert wyrwał mnie z butów!

slang

Família de palavras

Substantivos

but (singular)
bucik (diminutive)
bucisko (augmentative)
obuwie (collective)
szewc (cobbler)
podeszwa (sole)
cholewka (upper)

Verbos

obuwać (to put shoes on someone)
rozchodzić (to break in)
pastować (to polish)
przemakać (to leak)

Adjetivos

obuwniczy (shoe-related)
butowy (rarely used)
bezbutny (shoeless)

Relacionado

sklep obuwniczy
łyżka do butów
sznurówki
pasta do butów
szczotka do butów
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Origem da palavra

The word 'but' entered Polish in the 15th century. It is likely a borrowing from Middle High German 'bōte' or possibly related to the French 'botte'.

Significado original: Originally referred to a specific type of high leather boot.

Indo-European, Germanic/Romance loanword into Slavic.
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