A2 · Elementar Capítulo 29

Conjunctions and Connectors

1 Regras totais
10 exemplos
1 min
Regras neste capítulo Prática rápida

Chapter in 30 Seconds

Unlock the power of conjunctions to make your Russian sentences sound natural and fluent.

  • Distinguish between the Russian words for 'and' and 'but'.
  • Connect related thoughts into complex sentences.
  • Identify the subtle emotional difference between contrastive conjunctions.
Connect your thoughts with ease.

O que você vai aprender

Using coordinating and subordinating conjunctions. Making speech flow naturally.

Learning Objectives

By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:

  1. 1
    By the end you will be able to: correctly choose between 'и', 'а', and 'но' in diverse conversational contexts.

Exemplos-chave (2)

1

Я пью чай и ем печенье.

I am drinking tea and eating a cookie.

Conjunções russas: E & Mas (и, а, но)
2

Он любит футбол, а она любит теннис.

He loves football, while she loves tennis.

Conjunções russas: E & Mas (и, а, но)

Dicas e truques (1)

🎯

The 'Not X, but Y' Rule

Whenever you have a sentence starting with 'Not...', the 'but' that follows is almost always 'а'. Example: 'Это не чай, а кофе.'
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Conjunções russas: E & Mas (и, а, но)

Vocabulário-chave (6)

и and (addition) а and/but (contrast of alternatives) но but (unexpected result/opposition) погода weather холодный cold вкусный tasty

Real-World Preview

coffee

Ordering at a Cafe

Review Summary

  • Clause 1 + [и/а/но] + Clause 2

Erros comuns

Use 'а' when contrasting two different subjects doing different actions. 'Но' is reserved for when the second part contradicts the expectation of the first.

Wrong: Я люблю чай но мой друг любит кофе.
Correto: Я люблю чай, а мой друг любит кофе.

The second clause is a negative expectation based on the first, so 'но' is required.

Wrong: Он умный и он не говорит по-русски.
Correto: Он умный, но он не говорит по-русски.

Since these are two actions by the same person happening in sequence, use 'и'.

Wrong: Я иду в магазин а покупаю хлеб.
Correto: Я иду в магазин и покупаю хлеб.

Next Steps

Congratulations on completing Level A2! You have worked hard to build a strong foundation in Russian. Keep practicing, and your fluency will only grow!

Write a diary entry about your day using conjunctions.

Continue to: Advanced Case Usage

Prática rápida (3)

Find and fix the mistake

Find and fix the mistake:

Мама купила хлеб а молоко.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Мама купила хлеб и молоко.
When simply adding items to a list, use 'и' without a comma.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Conjunções russas: E & Mas (и, а, но)

Fill in the blank with и, а, or но.

Я люблю пиццу, ___ не люблю суши.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: но
Use 'но' because there is a contradiction/negative preference regarding sushi.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Conjunções russas: E & Mas (и, а, но)

Which sentence is correct?

Choose the grammatically correct sentence:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Я учусь, а брат работает.
This is a comparison between two people, so 'а' is the best fit, and it requires a comma.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Conjunções russas: E & Mas (и, а, но)

Score: /3

Perguntas comuns (2)

Yes, you can. If the two sentences have different subjects, you must put a comma before 'и'. For example: 'Я пою, и она танцует.'
It means 'and' when you are comparing two different facts. 'I like cats, and you like dogs' uses 'а' because cats and dogs are different.
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