A2 Verb Tenses 3 min read Fácil

Ações concluídas com `dai`

Use dai after a verb to confirm you successfully completed an action or managed to do it.
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Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds

Use 'dai' (ได้) to express ability ('can') or to indicate that an action has been successfully completed.

  • Ability: Subject + dai + Verb (e.g., 'phom dai pai' - I can go).
  • Completed Action: Verb + dai (e.g., 'kin khao dai' - I have eaten).
  • Negation: Place 'mai' before 'dai' (e.g., 'mai dai pai' - did not go).
Subject + (dai) + Verb OR Verb + (dai)

Overview

Visão geral: O tailandês não conjuga verbos como o português. Usamos dai para enfatizar que uma ação foi concluída com sucesso.

Meanings

A versatile auxiliary verb used to denote ability (can) or the successful completion of an action in the past.

1

Ability

Expressing the capability to perform an action.

“เขาพูดภาษาไทยได้”

“ฉันว่ายน้ำได้”

2

Completed Action

Indicating an action was successfully performed or occurred in the past.

“ฉันทำการบ้านได้แล้ว”

“เขาไปเที่ยวได้สำเร็จ”

3

Permission

Asking or giving permission.

“จอดรถที่นี่ได้”

“เข้าได้ไหม”

Dai Usage Patterns

Type Structure Example Meaning
Ability Subject + dai + Verb Phom dai pai I can go
Completion Subject + Verb + dai Phom pai dai I went / I have gone
Negative Subject + mai dai + Verb Phom mai dai pai I cannot go
Question Subject + Verb + dai + mai Pai dai mai Can you go?
Past Negative Subject + mai dai + Verb Phom mai dai pai I did not go
Permission Verb + dai Jod dai Can park

Reference Table

Reference table for Ações concluídas com `dai`
Structure Thai Meaning
Subject + Verb + dai chan pai dai I went (successfully)
Subject + Verb + dai phom tham dai I did it (managed)
Subject + Verb + dai khao kin dai He ate (it was possible)

Espectro de formalidade

Formal
ข้าพเจ้าสามารถไปได้

ข้าพเจ้าสามารถไปได้ (General)

Neutro
ฉันไปได้

ฉันไปได้ (General)

Informal
ไปได้

ไปได้ (General)

Gíria
ไปดิ

ไปดิ (General)

The Role of Dai

Dai

Usage

  • Success Managed to

Dai vs Laew

Dai
Managed Achieved
Laew
Already Completed

When to use Dai

1

Was it an achievement?

YES
Use dai
NO
Use laew

Common Verbs with Dai

✅

Actions

  • • kin (eat)
  • • pai (go)
  • • tham (do)
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Examples by Level

1

ฉันไปได้

I can go.

2

กินได้ไหม

Can I eat?

3

ทำได้

I can do it.

4

ไปได้ไหม

Can you go?

1

ฉันทำการบ้านได้แล้ว

I have finished my homework.

2

เขาไม่ได้มา

He did not come.

3

คุณซื้อของได้ไหม

Were you able to buy the items?

4

จอดรถที่นี่ได้

You can park here.

1

ถ้าคุณพยายาม คุณทำได้แน่นอน

If you try, you can definitely do it.

2

ฉันไม่ได้ตั้งใจทำ

I didn't do it on purpose.

3

เขาบอกว่าเขาไปไม่ได้

He said he cannot go.

4

เราตกลงกันได้แล้ว

We have reached an agreement.

1

การที่เขามาได้ถือเป็นเรื่องดี

The fact that he could come is a good thing.

2

ไม่ว่าอย่างไร ฉันก็ทำไม่ได้

No matter what, I cannot do it.

3

เขาได้รับการยอมรับ

He was accepted (received acceptance).

4

คุณไม่ควรทำแบบนั้นได้

You shouldn't be able to do that.

1

หากปราศจากความช่วยเหลือ เขาคงทำไม่ได้

Without help, he wouldn't have been able to do it.

2

เขาได้แสดงความเห็นไว้ว่า...

He expressed his opinion that...

3

การตัดสินใจครั้งนี้ทำได้ยาก

This decision was difficult to make.

4

เขาได้บรรลุเป้าหมายแล้ว

He has achieved his goal.

1

หาได้ยากที่จะพบคนเช่นเขา

It is rare to find someone like him.

2

มิอาจทำได้โดยง่าย

It cannot be done easily.

3

เขาได้แต่เฝ้ามอง

He could only watch.

4

สิ่งที่เขาได้ทำไปนั้นมีค่ามาก

What he did was very valuable.

Easily Confused

Completed Action with `dai` vs Dai vs Pen

Both mean 'can'.

Completed Action with `dai` vs Dai vs Laew

Both indicate past.

Completed Action with `dai` vs Dai vs Samret

Both mean success.

Erros comuns

✗

dai kin

✓

kin dai

If you mean 'I ate', it's completion (after).
✗

mai kin dai

✓

mai dai kin

Negation goes before the modal.
✗

dai pai

✓

pai dai

Completion needs post-position.
✗

kin dai mai

✓

kin dai mai

Correct, but ensure context is clear.
✗

dai laew kin

✓

kin dai laew

Laew follows the verb phrase.
✗

mai dai pai laew

✓

mai dai pai

Don't use 'laew' with negative.
✗

dai pai mai

✓

pai dai mai

Question marker at the end.
✗

dai pen

✓

dai

Don't double up modals.
✗

dai samret

✓

samret

Dai is redundant with samret.
✗

dai pai

✓

pai dai

Contextual error.
✗

dai dai

✓

dai

Avoid repetition.
✗

mai dai dai

✓

mai dai

Redundant.
✗

dai laew

✓

dai

Contextual nuance.

Sentence Patterns

ฉัน ___ ได้

คุณ ___ ได้ไหม

เขา ___ ได้แล้ว

ถ้า ___ ได้ ฉันจะไป

Real World Usage

Texting very common

ไปได้ป่ะ?

Food Delivery common

สั่งได้ไหม?

Job Interview common

ผมทำได้ครับ

Travel constant

ไปที่นี่ได้ไหม?

Social Media common

ทำได้จริง!

Business common

ตกลงได้

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💡

Context is King

Don't use dai for simple past tense; it's specifically for achievement.
⚠️

Don't Overuse

Overusing dai makes you sound like you are constantly bragging.
💬

Natural Sound

Listen to Thai speakers; they use dai when talking about overcoming challenges.

Smart Tips

Put 'dai' before the verb.

kin dai (I ate) → dai kin (I can eat)

Put 'dai' after the verb.

dai pai (I can go) → pai dai (I went)

Use 'mai dai' for everything negative.

mai pai → mai dai pai

Always end with 'mai'.

pai dai → pai dai mai?

Pronúncia

dâai

Tone

Dai has a falling tone.

Question

Pai dai mai? ↑

Rising intonation at the end.

Memorize It

Mnemonic

Dai is a 'D' word: Do (completed) and Dare (can/ability).

Visual Association

Imagine a door. If you stand BEFORE the door, you have the potential to open it (Ability). If you stand AFTER the door, you have already walked through it (Completion).

Rhyme

Dai before is 'can', Dai after is 'ran' (completed).

Story

Somchai wanted to climb a mountain. He said 'Phom pai dai' (I can go). He climbed it. Now he says 'Phom pai dai laew' (I have gone/finished).

Word Web

daimai daidai maidai laewpensamret

Desafio

Write 3 sentences about what you can do today and 3 about what you finished yesterday.

Notas culturais

Thais use 'dai' to be polite. Adding 'dai' to a request makes it softer.

Derived from the Tai root meaning 'to obtain' or 'to get'.

Conversation Starters

“

วันนี้คุณไปไหนได้บ้าง?

“

คุณทำการบ้านเสร็จหรือยัง?

“

คุณพูดภาษาไทยได้ไหม?

“

คุณคิดว่าเราทำโครงการนี้ได้สำเร็จไหม?

Journal Prompts

Write about 3 things you can do in Bangkok.
Write about a task you finished yesterday.
Describe a skill you learned and why you can do it now.
Reflect on a challenge you overcame.
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Test Yourself

Fill in the blank with the correct word.

Phom tham ___.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: dai
We use dai to show the action was successfully completed.
Which sentence is correct for 'I managed to go'? Múltipla escolha

Select the correct option:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Chan pai dai
The structure is Subject + Verb + dai.

Score: /2

Exercicios praticos

8 exercises
Fill in the blank.

ฉัน ___ ไป (I can go)

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: dai
Ability goes before the verb.
Choose the correct sentence. Múltipla escolha

Which is correct?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: all of the above
Context determines meaning.
Fix the error. Error Correction

Find and fix the mistake:

dai kin (I ate)

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: kin dai laew
Completion needs 'dai' after verb.
Reorder the words. Sentence Building

dai / phom / pai

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: phom dai pai
Subject + dai + Verb.
Match the meaning. Match Pairs

Match 'dai' position.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Before = Ability
Word order is key.
True or False? True False Rule

'Dai' changes for person.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: False
Thai verbs don't conjugate.
Complete the dialogue. Dialogue Completion

A: ไปได้ไหม? B: ___

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: ไปได้
Affirmative response.
Translate to Thai. Conjugation Drill

I cannot go.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: phom mai dai pai
Negation before modal.

Score: /8

Practice Bank

1 exercises
Find and fix the mistake Error Correction

Phom dai kin.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Phom kin dai.

Score: /1

Perguntas frequentes (8)

No, Thai verbs and auxiliaries do not conjugate for person.

Yes, context usually implies the tense.

Dai is situational; Pen is for learned skills.

It is neutral and used in all registers.

Use 'mai' before it.

Avoid it; it sounds repetitive.

Yes, it is standard in all written Thai.

It is the primary way to express ability and completion.

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In Other Languages

Spanish high

poder

Thai word order changes based on completion.

French high

pouvoir

French conjugates for person.

German high

können

German has complex conjugation.

Japanese moderate

dekiru

Japanese is SOV.

Chinese high

de

Chinese uses it as a complement.

Arabic moderate

istata'a

Arabic is highly inflected.

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