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A2 noun #1,500 最常用 6分钟阅读

بَيْع

bay' 前1,500

At the A1 level, the word 'Bay' (بَيْع) is introduced as a basic noun related to shopping. Learners should recognize it on signs like 'للبيع' (For Sale) and understand it as the opposite of buying. The focus is on simple survival phrases: 'How much is this sale?' or 'Is this for sale?'. It's a concrete concept tied to physical objects like cars, books, or food in a market setting. Vocabulary is limited to the most direct applications.

At the A2 level, learners begin to use 'Bay' in simple sentences and understand its role as a verbal noun (Masdar). They can describe the act of selling as a process: 'The sale of the house was fast.' They also learn common collocations like 'Bay' al-tajzi'a' (retail) and 'Bay' al-jumla' (wholesale). At this stage, the learner can participate in basic transactions and understand the terms of a simple sale, such as price and basic conditions.

At the B1 level, 'Bay' is used in more complex social and professional contexts. Learners can discuss the 'process of sale' (amaliyyat al-bay') and express opinions about market trends. They start to encounter the word in news headlines and can distinguish between 'Bay' (the act) and 'Mabi'at' (the total sales/revenue). They can also handle more detailed commercial interactions, such as discussing a 'contract of sale' (aqd al-bay') in a general sense.

At the B2 level, the word 'Bay' is integrated into discussions about economics, law, and society. Learners understand the legal implications of a sale and can use the word in formal reports. They are familiar with various types of sales in Islamic finance and modern commerce. They can debate the ethics of certain types of sales (e.g., selling harmful products) and use the word metaphorically in sophisticated arguments about 'selling out' or 'selling ideas'.

At the C1 level, the user masters the nuances of 'Bay' in specialized fields like law (contracts, property law) and high-level economics. They can analyze the linguistic roots and historical development of the term. They understand the difference between 'Bay' and 'Mubaya'a' in political history. Their usage is precise, employing the word in complex academic or professional writing with perfect grammatical accuracy in all types of 'Idafa' and prepositional structures.

At the C2 level, the word 'Bay' is a tool for philosophical and literary expression. The user can appreciate and use the word in classical poetry, complex legal theory, and abstract philosophical discourse. They understand the deepest cultural connotations of the word, including its role in the 'Bay'a' (pledge of allegiance) and its metaphorical use in describing the human condition or cosmic exchanges. Their command is indistinguishable from a highly educated native speaker.

开始练习例句笔记与提示

بَيْع 30秒了解

Bay' (بَيْع) is the Arabic noun for 'selling' or 'sale', derived from the root B-Y-A, which relates to commercial exchange and handshakes.
It is most commonly encountered in the phrase 'للبيع' (lil-bay'), meaning 'for sale', seen on cars, homes, and various consumer goods.
Grammatically, it is a verbal noun (Masdar) that can function as a subject, object, or part of a possessive construction in formal and informal Arabic.
In a legal and economic context, it refers to the formal contract and process of transferring ownership, distinct from 'tijara' (general trade).

The term بَيْع (Bay') is a foundational noun in the Arabic language, primarily signifying the act of selling or the transfer of ownership of property in exchange for a price. Derived from the root (ب - ي - ع), it encompasses the entire transaction process from the perspective of the seller. In a broader linguistic sense, it represents the commercial exchange that underpins markets, economies, and legal contracts. Understanding this word requires looking beyond a simple dictionary definition; it is a concept that bridges the gap between daily survival and complex international trade.

Etymological Root: The root Ba-Ya-A historically relates to the stretching out of the arm (al-ba'u) to strike a bargain or to shake hands, symbolizing the sealing of a deal.

تَمَّتْ عَمَلِيَّةُ الـبَيْع بِنَجَاحٍ فِي السُّوقِ اليَوْمَ.

Translation: The sale process was completed successfully in the market today.

In Islamic jurisprudence (Fiqh), the concept of Bay' is highly developed, distinguishing between various types of sales such as cash sales, credit sales, and forward sales. This word is not just about getting rid of an item; it is about the legal and ethical transfer of rights. When you use this word, you are often referring to the formal side of commerce, whereas 'tijara' (trade) refers to the ongoing business activity.

Semantic Range: It covers everything from a street vendor selling fruit to a multi-billion dollar real estate transaction.

هَذَا المَنْزِلُ مَعْرُوضٌ لِلـبَيْع مُنْذُ شَهْرَيْنِ.

Translation: This house has been offered for sale for two months.

Furthermore, the word carries a weight of finality. Once a Bay' is concluded, the relationship between the seller and the object changes permanently. In modern Arabic, you will see this word on signs ('For Sale' - للبيع), in financial news, and in legal documents. It is a high-frequency word that every learner must master to navigate any commercial environment in the Arab world.

Legal Context: In contracts, 'aqd al-bay' (contract of sale) is the most common legal instrument used to define the obligations of both parties.

عَقْدُ الـبَيْع يَحْمِي حُقُوقَ الطَّرَفَيْنِ.

Using بَيْع correctly involves understanding its grammatical role as a Masdar (verbal noun). It functions as a noun and can be the subject, object, or part of an Idafa (possessive) construction. Most commonly, you will see it following prepositions like 'li' (for) to indicate availability, or as the head of a phrase describing a specific type of sale.

The 'For Sale' Construction: The phrase 'للبيع' (lil-bay') is the standard way to say 'For Sale'. You will see this on cars, houses, and shop windows.

السَّيَّارَةُ لِلـبَيْع بِسِعْرٍ مُغْرٍ.

Translation: The car is for sale at an attractive price.

When describing the act of selling a specific item, use the Idafa construction: 'Bay' + [Item]. For example, 'Bay' al-kutub' (selling of books). This structure is formal and precise. In everyday conversation, people might use the verb more often, but in writing, the noun is preferred for titles, categories, and formal statements.

Prepositional Usage: Often used with 'fi' (in) to describe the context: 'fi amaliyyat al-bay' (in the sale process).

يَجِبُ التَّأَكُّدُ مِنْ شُرُوطِ الـبَيْع.

Translation: One must verify the terms of sale.

In business Arabic, you will encounter terms like 'Bay' al-tajzi'a' (retail sale) and 'Bay' al-jumla' (wholesale). These are fixed expressions that define the scale of commerce. Note that the word is masculine, so any adjectives modifying it must also be masculine (e.g., Bay'un sari'un - a quick sale).

Abstract Usage: It can be used metaphorically, such as 'selling one's soul' or 'selling out', though these are less common in standard A2 contexts.

تَمَّ مَنْعُ بَيْع السَّجَائِرِ لِلْقَاصِرِينَ.

The word بَيْع is ubiquitous in the Arab world, appearing in both physical and digital spaces. If you walk through a traditional Souq in Cairo, Marrakesh, or Dubai, you will hear vendors discussing the 'Bay' wa Shira' (buying and selling) of goods. It is the heartbeat of the marketplace. On television, financial news segments frequently report on the 'harakat al-bay' (selling movement) in the stock market or the real estate sector.

Real Estate Signs: The most common place to see the word is on large banners hanging from balconies or on land plots: 'أرض للبيع' (Land for sale).

رَأَيْتُ لَافِتَةً تَقُولُ: شِقَّةٌ لِلـبَيْع.

Translation: I saw a sign saying: Apartment for sale.

In the digital age, e-commerce platforms like Amazon.ae or Noon use this terminology extensively. You will find sections labeled 'Points of Sale' (نقاط البيع) or 'Terms of Sale' (شروط البيع). In a legal or governmental context, such as a notary public's office, 'Bay' is used to formalize the transfer of car titles or property deeds.

News & Media: Economic reports often discuss 'ziyadat amaliyyat al-bay' (increase in selling operations) during market downturns.

ارْتَفَعَتْ نِسْبَةُ الـبَيْع فِي المَوْسِمِ الحَالِي.

One of the most frequent errors for learners is confusing بَيْع (selling) with its opposite, شِرَاء (buying). Because they often occur together in the phrase 'البيع والشراء', students sometimes swap their meanings. Remember: Bay' starts with 'B', just like 'Business' (which involves selling), while Shira' is the purchase.

Noun vs. Verb Confusion: Learners often use the noun 'Bay' when they should use the verb 'Ba'a'. For example, saying 'Ana bay' al-kitab' instead of 'Ana bi'tu al-kitab' (I sold the book).

Mistake: أُرِيدُ بَيْعَ هَذِهِ السَّيَّارَةِ (Correct, but often mispronounced as 'biya')

Another mistake is the incorrect use of prepositions. You sell something *to* someone (li-shakhs) or *for* a price (bi-thaman). Using 'ila' (to) is common but 'li' is often more natural in many contexts. Also, be careful with the word 'Mabi'at' (sales/revenue). If you want to say 'Our sales increased', use 'Mabi'atuna', not 'Buyu'una'.

Pronunciation Error: The 'Ya' in 'Bay' is a diphthong (ay), not a long 'ee' sound. It should sound like 'bye' but with a softer 'y'.

While بَيْع is the standard word for selling, several other terms occupy the same semantic space. Understanding the nuances between them will elevate your Arabic from basic to proficient. The most common related word is Tijara (تجارة), which refers to the profession of trading or commerce as a whole, rather than a single act of selling.

Bay' vs. Tijara: 'Bay' is the transaction; 'Tijara' is the business. You can have a 'Bay' without being in 'Tijara' (like selling your old phone).

الـبَيْع جُزْءٌ مِنَ التِّجَارَةِ.

Translation: Selling is a part of trade.

Another related term is Taswiq (تسويق), which means marketing. While 'Bay' is the final exchange, 'Taswiq' is the effort to make that exchange happen. In modern business, you might also hear Tarwij (ترويج), which means promotion. If you are looking for the word for 'deal' or 'bargain', you might use Safqa (صفقة).

Bay' vs. Tasdir: 'Tasdir' (تصدير) specifically means exporting, which is a specialized form of 'Bay' to foreign countries.

How Formal Is It?

正式

非正式

难度评级

需要掌握的语法

按水平分级的例句

هَذِهِ السَّيَّارَةُ لِلْبَيْعِ.

This car is for sale.

Simple prepositional phrase 'lil-bay'.

أَيْنَ مَكَانُ الْبَيْعِ؟

Where is the place of sale?

Idafa construction.

الْبَيْعُ هُنَا.

The selling is here.

Subject-predicate sentence.

هَلِ الْبَيْتُ لِلْبَيْعِ؟

Is the house for sale?

Interrogative sentence.

أُرِيدُ بَيْعَ كِتَابِي.

I want to sell my book.

Masdar as an object.

بَيْعُ الْفَوَاكِهِ جَيِّدٌ.

Selling fruit is good.

Masdar as a subject.

هَذَا بَيْعٌ سَرِيعٌ.

This is a quick sale.

Noun-adjective pair.

لَا يُوجَدُ بَيْعٌ اليَوْمَ.

There is no selling today.

Negation with 'la'.

تَمَّ بَيْعُ المَنْزِلِ بِسِعْرٍ جَيِّدٍ.

The house was sold for a good price.

Passive-like construction with 'tamma'.

نَحْنُ نَعْمَلُ فِي بَيْعِ المَلَابِسِ.

We work in selling clothes.

Prepositional phrase with Idafa.

شُرُوطُ البَيْعِ سَهْلَةٌ جِدًّا.

The terms of sale are very easy.

Plural subject with Idafa.

هَلْ عِنْدَكَ إِذْنُ بَيْعٍ؟

Do you have a selling permit?

Noun-noun relationship.

بَيْعُ الجُمْلَةِ أَرْخَصُ مِنَ التَّجْزِئَةِ.

Wholesale is cheaper than retail.

Comparative sentence.

تَوَقَّفَ البَيْعُ بِسَبَبِ المَطَرِ.

Selling stopped because of the rain.

Verb-subject structure.

قِسْمُ البَيْعِ فِي الطَّابِقِ الثَّانِي.

The sales department is on the second floor.

Locative sentence.

أُحِبُّ بَيْعَ الأَشْيَاءِ القَدِيمَةِ.

I like selling old things.

Masdar with an adjective.

انْخَفَضَتْ عَمَلِيَّاتُ البَيْعِ هَذَا الشَّهْرَ.

Selling operations decreased this month.

Complex subject phrase.

يَجِبُ تَوْثِيقُ عَقْدِ البَيْعِ عِنْدَ المُحَامِي.

The sale contract must be documented at the lawyer.

Passive necessity.

البَيْعُ بِالتَّقْسِيطِ مُتَاحٌ لِلْجَمِيعِ.

Selling in installments is available for everyone.

Prepositional phrase 'bi-taqsit'.

زَادَتْ نِسْبَةُ البَيْعِ عَبْرَ الإِنْتَرْنِت.

The percentage of online selling increased.

Modern compound phrase.

تَمَّ مَنْعُ بَيْعِ هَذِهِ المَوَادِ الكِيمِيَائِيَّةِ.

The sale of these chemicals was banned.

Formal prohibition.

البَيْعُ النِّهَائِيُّ لَا يُرَدُّ وَلَا يُسْتَبْدَلُ.

Final sale items are non-refundable and non-exchangeable.

Commercial terminology.

نَحْتَاجُ إِلَى خُبَرَاءَ فِي مَجَالِ البَيْعِ.

We need experts in the field of selling.

Professional context.

البَيْعُ لَيْسَ مُجَرَّدَ تَبَادُلِ مَالٍ.

Selling is not just an exchange of money.

Philosophical negation.

تُؤَثِّرُ سِيَاسَةُ البَيْعِ عَلَى أَرْبَاحِ الشَّرِكَةِ.

The selling policy affects the company's profits.

Abstract noun usage.

يُعْتَبَرُ البَيْعُ بِالخَسَارَةِ اسْتِرَاتِيجِيَّةً خَطِيرَةً.

Selling at a loss is considered a dangerous strategy.

Passive verb 'yu'tabar'.

يَنْظِمُ القَانُونُ عَمَلِيَّاتِ البَيْعِ وَالشِّرَاءِ.

The law regulates buying and selling operations.

Legal terminology.

البَيْعُ المَشْرُوطُ يَتَطَلَّبُ مُوَافَقَةً خَاصَّةً.

Conditional sale requires special approval.

Adjectival phrase.

ارْتَفَعَ ضَغْطُ البَيْعِ فِي البُورْصَةِ اليَوْمَ.

Selling pressure rose in the stock market today.

Financial metaphor.

هَلْ تَمَّ تَحْدِيدُ سِعْرِ البَيْعِ النِّهَائِيِّ؟

Has the final selling price been determined?

Interrogative with 'tamma'.

البَيْعُ المُبَاشِرُ يُقَلِّلُ مِنَ التَّكَالِيفِ.

Direct selling reduces costs.

Economic concept.

يَجِبُ الالتِزَامُ بِأَخْلَاقِيَّاتِ البَيْعِ.

One must adhere to the ethics of selling.

Moral context.

تَتَضَمَّنُ مَجَلَّةُ الأَحْكَامِ العَدْلِيَّةِ نُصُوصاً حَوْلَ البَيْعِ.

The Mejelle contains texts regarding sale.

Historical legal context.

يُشْتَرَطُ فِي البَيْعِ التَّرَاضِي بَيْنَ الطَّرَفَيْنِ.

Mutual consent between both parties is a condition in a sale.

Jurisprudential rule.

أَدَّى الإِفْرَاطُ فِي البَيْعِ إِلَى انْهِيَارِ السُّوقِ.

Excessive selling led to the market collapse.

Causal relationship.

البَيْعُ الصُّورِيُّ يُسْتَخْدَمُ أَحْيَانًا لِلتَّهَرُّبِ الضَّرِيبِيِّ.

Fictitious sale is sometimes used for tax evasion.

Legal/Financial term.

تَخْتَلِفُ أَحْكَامُ البَيْعِ بِاخْتِلَافِ المَبِيعِ.

The rulings of sale differ according to the object sold.

Advanced Idafa.

يُعَدُّ البَيْعُ العِينِيُّ مِنْ أَنْوَاعِ البُيُوعِ القَدِيمَةِ.

In-kind sale is considered one of the old types of sales.

Historical economic term.

إِنَّ حُرِّيَّةَ البَيْعِ مَكْفُولَةٌ بِمُوجِبِ الدُّسْتُورِ.

The freedom of sale is guaranteed under the constitution.

Political/Legal right.

تَجَلَّتْ بَرَاعَتُهُ فِي بَيْعِ الأَوْهَامِ لِلنَّاسِ.

His skill manifested in selling illusions to people.

Literary metaphor.

البَيْعُ فِي المَنْظُورِ الفَلْسَفِيِّ هُوَ تَنَازُلٌ عَنِ المِلْكِيَّةِ.

Sale in the philosophical perspective is a renunciation of ownership.

Abstract definition.

لَا يَجُوزُ بَيْعُ مَا لَا يَمْلِكُهُ الإِنْسَانُ.

It is not permissible to sell what a person does not own.

Complex negative clause.

اسْتَفَاضَ الفُقَهَاءُ فِي شَرْحِ عُيُوبِ البَيْعِ الخَفِيَّةِ.

Jurists elaborated on explaining the hidden defects of sale.

Classical Arabic style.

هَلِ البَيْعُ عَقْدٌ مُلْزِمٌ بِطَبِيعَتِهِ؟

Is sale a binding contract by its nature?

Inherent property question.

تَجَاوَزَ مَفْهُومُ البَيْعِ حُدُودَ المَادَّةِ إِلَى الفِكْرِ.

The concept of sale transcended the boundaries of matter to thought.

Metaphorical transcendence.

يُشَكِّلُ البَيْعُ العَصَبَ الرَّئِيسِيَّ لِلدَّوْرَةِ الاقْتِصَادِيَّةِ.

Selling constitutes the main nerve of the economic cycle.

Advanced metaphor.

إِنَّ بَيْعَ المَرْءِ لِمَبَادِئِهِ هُوَ أَكْبَرُ خَسَارَةٍ.

A person selling their principles is the greatest loss.

Moral maxim.

تَتَشَابَكُ خُيُوطُ البَيْعِ فِي ظِلِّ العَوْلَمَةِ.

The threads of selling intertwine under globalization.

Contemporary academic style.

常见搭配

عَقْدُ بَيْع (Sale contract)

سِعْرُ البَيْع (Selling price)

نُقْطَةُ بَيْع (Point of sale)

بَيْعُ الجُمْلَة (Wholesale)

بَيْعُ التَّجْزِئَة (Retail)

أَمْرُ بَيْع (Sell order)

عَمَلِيَّةُ بَيْع (Sale operation)

شُرُوطُ البَيْع (Terms of sale)

مَوْسِمُ البَيْع (Selling season)

إِيصَالُ بَيْع (Sales receipt)

常用短语

لِلْبَيْع (For sale)

الْبَيْعُ وَالشِّرَاء (Buying and selling)

تَمَّ الْبَيْع (Sold / Sale completed)

بَيْعٌ نِهَائِيّ (Final sale)

بَيْعٌ بِالتَّقْسِيط (Sale by installments)

بَيْعٌ مُبَاشِر (Direct sale)

بَيْعٌ بِالْمَزَاد (Sale by auction)

حَقُّ الْبَيْع (Right to sell)

بَيْعٌ مَشْرُوط (Conditional sale)

بَيْعُ الأَمَانَة (Trust sale)

容易混淆的词

بَيْع vs شِرَاء (Buying)

بَيْع vs بَيْعَة (Allegiance)

بَيْع vs بِيئَة (Environment)

习语与表达

容易混淆

بَيْع vs

句型

如何使用

modern

Frequently used in digital apps for 'Sell' buttons.

regional

Pronunciation of the 'ay' may vary slightly but the meaning is universal.

常见错误

Confusing 'Bay' (selling) with 'Shira' (buying).
Adding a 'ta-marbuta' (Bay'a) which changes the meaning to 'allegiance'.
Using the noun 'Bay' when the verb 'Ba'a' is needed.
Mispronouncing the 'ay' as a long 'ee' (saying 'Bee' instead of 'Bay').
Using 'ila' (to) instead of 'li' (for) in 'For Sale' signs.

小贴士

Using the Idafa

When you want to say 'selling of [something]', put 'Bay' first and then the item. The item should have 'al-' and end with a kasra. For example: 'Bay'u al-kutubi' (Selling of the books).

Opposites Attract

Always learn 'Bay' (selling) and 'Shira' (buying) together. They are the two halves of any transaction. This helps you remember both more effectively.

Bargaining

In many Arab markets, the 'Bay' process isn't finished until some bargaining happens. Don't be afraid to discuss the price when you see 'lil-bay'.

Wholesale vs Retail

If you are doing business, remember 'Jumla' (wholesale) and 'Tajzi'a' (retail). These are essential collocations for the word 'Bay'.

Spotting the Word

Look for 'للبيع' on cars. It's the best way to see the word in the real world. It usually appears with a phone number underneath.

The Contract

If you ever buy property, you will sign an 'Aqd Bay'. Make sure you see the word 'Bay' in the title of the document.

The Ayn Sound

The 'Ayn' at the end of 'Bay' is important. It's a squeeze in the throat. Practice saying 'Bay' and then tightening your throat at the end.

Apps and Websites

Switch your Amazon or eBay settings to Arabic. You will see 'Bay' used everywhere in the selling interface.

Verbal Nouns

Remember that 'Bay' is a Masdar. This means it can act like a noun but carries the action of the verb 'to sell'.

The B-S Rule

B for Bay (Selling) and S for Shira (Buying). Selling comes first in the alphabet, just like the seller starts the offer.

记住它

词源

Semitic root B-Y-A.

文化背景

Islamic law emphasizes 'Sidq' (honesty) in the 'Bay' process, forbidding the hiding of defects.

Even during a sale, hospitality (offering tea) is common in traditional shops.

在生活中练习

真实语境

对话开场白

"هَلْ هَذِهِ الشِّقَّةُ لِلْبَيْعِ؟ (Is this apartment for sale?)"

"كَيْفَ كَانَتْ حَرَكَةُ البَيْعِ اليَوْمَ؟ (How was the selling activity today?)"

"مَا هِيَ شُرُوطُ البَيْعِ عِنْدَكُمْ؟ (What are your terms of sale?)"

"أَيْنَ أَجِدُ نُقْطَةَ البَيْعِ؟ (Where can I find the point of sale?)"

"هَلْ سِعْرُ البَيْعِ قَابِلٌ لِلتَّفَاوُضِ؟ (Is the selling price negotiable?)"

日记主题

Write about a time you sold something you loved.

Describe the process of selling a car in your country.

Discuss the ethics of selling products that might be harmful.

Imagine you have a shop; what would you be selling?

Write a short story about a mysterious 'For Sale' sign.

常见问题

10 个问题

Bay' (بَيْع) means selling, while Shira' (شِرَاء) means buying. They are opposites but often used together to describe trade (البيع والشراء). In a transaction, the seller performs the Bay' and the buyer performs the Shira'.

The most common way is to say 'للبيع' (lil-bay'). You will see this on signs, cars, and advertisements. It literally means 'for the selling'.

It is a noun, specifically a verbal noun (Masdar). The verb 'to sell' is 'Ba'a' (باع). You use 'Bay' when you want to talk about the concept or the act of selling as a thing.

It means 'wholesale selling'. 'Jumla' refers to a whole or a group, so selling in large quantities. The opposite is 'Bay' al-tajzi'a', which is retail selling.

While 'Bay' is primarily used for physical goods, it can be used for services in a commercial context, though 'Taqdim khidma' (providing a service) is sometimes more common.

It is called 'نقطة بيع' (Nuqtat bay'). You will see this term in malls and on credit card machines (POS terminals).

It is used in both. It is the standard word in formal law and business, but it is also used every day in the market.

The plural is 'بُيُوع' (Buyu'). It is mostly used in legal or religious texts to refer to different types of commercial transactions.

Yes, the word 'Bay' is understood across all Arabic dialects as selling, although local verbs for 'to sell' might vary (like 'yibi' in some dialects).

You can say 'البيت للبيع' (The house is for sale) or 'تم بيع البيت' (The house was sold).