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A1 noun 10分钟阅读

kişi

开始练习例句笔记与提示 kişi 30秒了解

解析 kişi in your Level:

At the A1 level, the word 'kişi' is one of the first nouns you will learn. It is essential for basic identification. You will use it to describe people in pictures, your family members, or people you see on the street. At this stage, focus on the singular 'kişi' and the plural 'kişilər'. You should be able to combine it with simple adjectives like 'hündür' (tall), 'balaca' (small/short), or 'yaxşı' (good). For example, 'O kişi yaxşıdır' (That man is good). You will also learn to use it with the verb 'to be' (olmaq) in its suffix form: 'O, kişidir' (He is a man). Understanding that 'kişi' is the opposite of 'qadın' (woman) is the primary goal here. You will also practice the word in the context of public signs, such as identifying which restroom to use. Simple possessives like 'kişinin adı' (the man's name) are also introduced. The pronunciation is straightforward, but pay attention to the soft 'i' sounds, ensuring they don't sound like the English 'ee' in 'see' but are shorter and crisper. This word forms the foundation of your human-related vocabulary in Azerbaijani.

At the A2 level, you begin to use 'kişi' in more complex sentence structures involving the six noun cases. You will learn to say 'Kişini gördüm' (I saw the man - Accusative) or 'Kişiyə kitabı verdim' (I gave the book to the man - Dative). You will also start encountering 'kişi' in compound nouns, such as 'kişi ayaqqabısı' (men's shoes) or 'kişi bərbərxanası' (men's barbershop). At this level, you should understand the difference between 'kişi' and 'oğlan' (boy) and use them correctly based on age. You will also be introduced to the word 'adam' and learn that while 'kişi' is a man, 'adam' is a person. You might start hearing 'kişi' used as a friendly form of address among men, such as 'Salam, kişi!'. Your ability to describe a man's appearance and profession will expand, allowing you to say things like 'O kişi mühəndis işləyir' (That man works as an engineer). You will also learn the basic possessive suffixes for all persons: 'mənim kişim' (my man/husband), 'sənin kişin' (your man), etc., although these are often used in specific social contexts.

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At the B1 level, you move beyond the literal meaning of 'kişi' and start exploring its cultural and idiomatic uses. You will learn phrases like 'kişi kimi' (like a man), which implies acting with honor, bravery, or integrity. You will understand that in Azerbaijani culture, being called a 'kişi' is often a comment on one's character, not just their gender. You will encounter the abstract noun 'kişilik' (manhood/bravery) and see how it is used in literature and daily conversation to discuss moral values. At this level, you should be able to follow a story where 'kişi' is the protagonist and understand the nuances of how he is described. You will also learn to distinguish between 'kişi' and 'ər' (husband) in different registers, knowing that 'ər' is more formal. You will be able to use 'kişi' in complex sentences with subordinate clauses, such as 'Mənim tanıdığım o kişi çox müdrikdir' (That man whom I know is very wise). You will also start to recognize the word in proverbs and common sayings, which are integral to intermediate fluency.

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At the B2 level, you will analyze the use of 'kişi' in various registers and social dialects. You will understand how the word's meaning can shift slightly in rural versus urban settings. In more formal or academic texts, you might see 'kişi' used in sociological discussions about gender roles in Azerbaijan. You will be expected to use the word accurately in debates about social issues, for instance, discussing 'kişi və qadın hüquqları' (men's and women's rights). Your understanding of the word's etymology and its relation to other Turkic languages will deepen, helping you understand why it differs from the Turkish usage. You will also master the use of 'kişi' in professional contexts where gender is specified, such as 'kişi kollektivi' (a male-dominated workforce). At this level, you should be comfortable using the word in creative writing, using it to evoke specific cultural imagery or to build a character's identity based on traditional Azerbaijani values of 'kişilik'. You will also be able to explain the subtle difference between 'kişi', 'bəy', and 'cənab' to others.

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At the C1 level, you will explore the philosophical and literary dimensions of the word 'kişi'. You will read classical Azerbaijani poetry and prose where 'kişi' is used as a symbol of the 'Kamil İnsan' (The Perfect Human) or the 'Mərd' (The Brave/Noble). You will analyze how the concept of 'kişilik' has evolved from the medieval period to the modern era, reflecting changes in Azerbaijani society. You will be able to discuss the word's role in 'Meykhana' and other oral traditions, where it serves as a cornerstone of identity and competition. Your command of the language will allow you to use 'kişi' in highly nuanced ways, perhaps using it ironically or to critique traditional gender norms in a sophisticated manner. You will understand the legal implications of the word in historical documents and how it contrasts with terms like 'fərd' (individual) or 'vətəndaş' (citizen). At this stage, 'kişi' is no longer just a vocabulary word; it is a key to unlocking deeper layers of Azerbaijani culture, ethics, and history.

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At the C2 level, you possess a native-like grasp of the word 'kişi' and all its subtle implications. You can use it with absolute precision in any context, from high-level diplomatic discourse to the most informal street slang. You are aware of the word's archaic forms and its presence in ancient Turkic inscriptions, understanding its linguistic journey over millennia. You can engage in deep literary criticism of Azerbaijani classics, discussing the 'kişi' archetype in the works of Mirza Fatali Akhundov or Jalil Mammadguluzadeh. You understand how 'kişi' interacts with Persian and Arabic loanwords in the Azerbaijani lexicon to create a rich tapestry of meanings related to masculinity, honor, and social hierarchy. You can write persuasive essays or deliver speeches that use the word to resonate with an Azerbaijani audience's core values. For you, 'kişi' is a versatile tool that you can use to navigate the complexities of Azerbaijani identity, expressing everything from profound respect to biting satire with a single word.

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开始练习例句笔记与提示

kişi 30秒了解

The word 'kişi' means 'man' in Azerbaijani and is used for adult males.
Culturally, it signifies honor, bravery, and reliability beyond just biological gender.
Unlike Turkish, where it can mean 'person', in Azerbaijani it is strictly for males.
It is a common A1 level noun used in daily life, signs, and literature.

The Azerbaijani word kişi primarily refers to an adult male human being, translating directly to the English word 'man'. However, its usage goes far beyond a simple biological classification. In the Azerbaijani linguistic landscape, kişi carries heavy connotations of character, integrity, and social standing. When you first encounter this word in an A1 lesson, it is usually paired with its female counterpart, qadın (woman), to identify gender. For example, in a basic classroom setting, you might see a picture of a man and say Bu bir kişidir (This is a man).

Biological Context: Used to distinguish males from females in medical, legal, or descriptive contexts. It refers strictly to adults; for a male child, the word oğlan is used.

Ethical Context: In Azerbaijani culture, calling someone a 'kişi' can be a high compliment regarding their reliability. If a person keeps their promise, people might say kişi adamdır (he is a man of his word).

Həmin kişi çox mehribandır.

O, əsl kişi kimi hərəkət etdi.

Mətbəxdə bir kişi var.

Social Honor: The abstract noun kişilik (manhood) represents a code of honor. It implies bravery, honesty, and protectiveness. It is common to hear 'Kişi ol!' (Be a man!) as an exhortation to show courage or take responsibility.

Küçədəki kişi bizə yol göstərdi.

O, çox qoca bir kişi idi.

Understanding 'kişi' requires recognizing that it is both a noun for identification and a marker of traditional masculine values in the Caucasus region. It is used in literature to describe heroes and in daily life to describe anyone from a shopkeeper to a grandfather. Its plural form is kişilər, following the rule of 'lər' for words with thin vowels (i, i). In possessive forms, it becomes kişinin (the man's), kişiyə (to the man), and so on, following the standard declension patterns of Azerbaijani nouns ending in a vowel-consonant structure.

Using the word kişi in Azerbaijani sentences involves understanding the language's agglutinative nature. Azerbaijani does not use articles like 'a' or 'the' in the same way English does. Therefore, kişi can mean 'a man' or 'the man' depending on the context. If you want to specify 'a certain man', you would use the numeral bir before it: bir kişi.

Subject Position: When the man is the one performing the action. Example: Kişi qəzeti oxuyur (The man is reading the newspaper). Here, 'kişi' is in the nominative case.

Hündürboylu bir kişi qapını döydü.

Possessive Case: To say 'the man's', you add the suffix -nin. Example: Kişinin papağı (The man's hat). Note the vowel harmony where 'i' in 'kişi' dictates the 'i' in the suffix.

Mən o kişini tanımıram.

Adjective Agreement: Adjectives in Azerbaijani always precede the noun and do not change for gender or number. Yaşlı kişi (Old man), Güclü kişi (Strong man). This makes sentence construction relatively straightforward once you learn the vocabulary.

İki kişi parkda oturub söhbət edirdi.

Bu, kişi geyimidir.

When describing a man's role in the family, 'kişi' is sometimes used as a synonym for 'husband' in rural or informal dialects, though the standard word for husband is ər or həyat yoldaşı. However, you will often hear a woman say Mənim kişim to mean 'My man' or 'My husband' in a possessive, affectionate, or protective sense. In the plural, kişilər, it follows the same logic. Kişilər ağlamaz is a common Azerbaijani proverb meaning 'Men don't cry', reflecting traditional views of masculinity. Whether you are identifying someone in a crowd or discussing abstract concepts of manhood, 'kişi' is the foundational noun you will need.

You will hear the word kişi in almost every corner of Azerbaijani life. From the bustling streets of Baku to the quiet villages in the Caucasus mountains, it is a staple of daily communication. In a marketplace (bazar), you might hear a vendor calling out to a potential customer: Buyur, kişi, nə lazımdır? (Go ahead, man, what do you need?). This use of 'kişi' as a form of address is informal but respectful among peers.

In the Media: News reports use 'kişi' for identification. For example, 'Polis 30 yaşlı bir kişini saxladı' (Police detained a 30-year-old man). In movies and TV dramas, characters often use 'kişi' to emphasize their honor or to challenge another's integrity.

Televiziyada çıxış edən kişi məşhur alimdir.

In Folklore and Literature: Azerbaijani epic poems like 'Dede Korkut' and the works of Nizami Ganjavi use 'kişi' (or its older Turkic variations) to describe warriors and wise elders. It represents the 'ideal man' who is brave and just.

Kitabda igid bir kişidən bəhs olunur.

Public Signage: You will see 'Kişilər' on restroom doors, at the entrance of barbershops (Kişi salonu), and on sections of clothing stores. It is the standard term for gender segregation in public facilities.

Restoranın girişində kişilər üçün otaq var.

O kişinin səsi çox dərindir.

In music, specifically in 'Meykhana' (Azerbaijani folk rap/poetry), the word is frequently used to rhyme and to assert dominance or respect. If a performer says Sən kişi deyilsən! (You are not a man!), it is a serious insult to the opponent's character, not their biology. Listening to these nuances helps you understand the social hierarchy and the value placed on masculine integrity in Azerbaijan.

For English speakers and those familiar with Turkish, the word kişi can be a source of confusion. The most common mistake for learners is confusing kişi with adam. While 'adam' can mean man, it is more accurately 'person' or 'human'. If you want to specify gender, you must use 'kişi'.

Turkish vs. Azerbaijani: In Istanbul Turkish, 'kişi' is used for 'person' (e.g., 'üç kişi' means 'three people'). In Azerbaijani, 'üç kişi' means 'three men'. If you want to say 'three people' in Azerbaijani, say üç nəfər. Using 'kişi' as a generic person counter is a major error.

Səhv: Biz beş kişiyik (Turkish style). Düz: Biz beş nəfərik (Azerbaijani style).

Age Confusion: Never call a small boy a 'kişi' unless you are joking or trying to make him feel grown-up. Use oğlan. Similarly, for an elderly man, while 'kişi' is correct, qoca (old man) or ağsaqqal (white-beard/elder) is often more descriptive and respectful.

Kiçik bir kişi (Incorrect for a child). Balaca bir oğlan (Correct).

Overusing 'Kişi' in Formal Address: While 'kişi' is respectful, in a formal business meeting, addressing someone as 'kişi' might be seen as too casual. Use Cənab (Mr.) followed by their surname, or Müəllim (Teacher/Sir) as a general respectful title.

Salam, kişi! (Casual/Friendly). Salam, cənab Əliyev! (Formal).

Bu kişi kimdir? (Who is this man? - Neutral).

Lastly, avoid using 'kişi' when you mean 'husband' in a formal setting. While common in speech, if you are writing a formal letter or document, use həyat yoldaşı. Using 'kişi' in writing to refer to a spouse can appear uneducated or overly colloquial. By keeping these distinctions in mind, you will navigate Azerbaijani social norms much more effectively.

Azerbaijani has a rich vocabulary for describing people, and while kişi is the most common word for man, several alternatives exist depending on the context of respect, age, and relationship.

Adam vs. Kişi: Adam means 'person' or 'human'. You can say 'yaxşı adam' (a good person) for both men and women. Kişi is gender-specific. If you want to emphasize that someone is a 'real man', you say 'kişi adamdır'.

Bəy vs. Kişi: Bəy is a title of respect, similar to 'Sir' or 'Mister'. It is often added after a name (e.g., Anar bəy). 'Kişi' is the noun for the person. You would say 'O kişi bəydir' (That man is a gentleman/sir).

Həsən bəy çox alicənab bir kişidir.

Ər vs. Kişi: Ər is the specific word for 'husband'. While 'kişi' is used colloquially for husband, 'ər' is the formal and grammatically precise term used in legal and traditional contexts.

O, həm yaxşı kişi, həm də qayğıkeş ərdir.

Oğlan vs. Kişi: Oğlan means 'boy' or 'young man'. The transition from 'oğlan' to 'kişi' in speech usually happens around the late teens or early twenties, or upon marriage.

Bu oğlan böyüyəndə igid bir kişi olacaq.

Zalda on kişi var idi.

When choosing between these words, consider the level of respect you wish to convey. 'Kişi' is neutral and descriptive. 'Bəy' is polite. 'Adam' is general. 'Ər' is relational. By mastering these nuances, you will sound more like a native speaker and show respect for the intricate social fabric of Azerbaijan.

How Formal Is It?

趣味小知识

In Azerbaijani and Turkish, the word evolved differently. While Azerbaijani restricted it to 'male', Turkish kept the 'person' meaning but often uses 'erkek' for 'man'.

发音指南

UK /ciˈʃi/

US /kiˈʃi/

Last syllable (ki-Şİ)

押韵词

dişi (tooth/female) işi (his/her work) bişi (a type of fried dough) gəlişi (his/her arrival) gedişi (his/her departure) sevinşi (his/her joy - archaic) tikilişi (its construction) verilişi (the broadcast)

常见错误

Pronouncing the 'k' too far back in the throat (like 'q').
Making the 'i' too long like 'ee' in 'seen'.
Stressing the first syllable.
Confusing the soft 'k' with a hard 'k'.
Failing to differentiate the 'sh' (ş) from a plain 's'.

难度评级

阅读 1/5

Very easy to recognize, follows standard spelling.

写作 1/5

Short word, easy to spell, follows regular declension.

口语 2/5

The soft 'k' and 'i' require some practice for perfect native-like sound.

听力 1/5

Very distinct sound, rarely confused with other common words.

接下来学什么

前置知识

o (he/she/it) bu (this) kim (who) ata (father) ad (name)

接下来学习

qadın (woman) oğlan (boy) qız (girl) insan (human) müəllim (teacher)

高级

ləyaqət (dignity) mərdlik (bravery) alicənablıq (nobility) cəmiyyət (society) cins (gender)

需要掌握的语法

Vowel Harmony (E-type)

kişi + lər = kişilər (not kişilar)

Consonant-Vowel Suffixing

kişi + nin = kişinin (adding 'n' for possession)

Dative Case with 'y'

kişi + y + ə = kişiyə (adding 'y' to prevent vowel clash)

Accusative Case for Specific Objects

Kişini gördüm (I saw THE man)

Plurality with Numbers

Beş kişi (Five men - noun stays singular)

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按水平分级的例句

Bu kişi mənim atamdır.

This man is my father.

The word 'bu' (this) points to 'kişi'. 'Atam' means 'my father' (ata + m).

O kişi haradadır?

Where is that man?

'O' means 'that'. 'Haradadır' is the question word 'where' with the suffix '-dır'.

Kişi çay içir.

The man is drinking tea.

Present continuous tense: 'içir' (is drinking).

Yaxşı bir kişi gəldi.

A good man came.

'Bir' acts as an indefinite article 'a'.

Kişilər burada otururlar.

The men are sitting here.

Plural suffix '-lər' and plural verb ending '-lar'.

Bu kişi kimdir?

Who is this man?

'Kim' means 'who'.

Mənim qardaşım hündürboylu bir kişidir.

My brother is a tall man.

'Hündürboylu' is a compound adjective meaning 'tall'.

Kişi qəzet oxuyur.

The man is reading a newspaper.

Subject-Object-Verb (SOV) order.

Mən o kişini tanıyıram.

I know that man.

Accusative case: 'kişi' + 'ni'.

Kişinin papağı yerə düşdü.

The man's hat fell to the ground.

Genitive case: 'kişi' + 'nin'.

Biz o kişiyə kömək etdik.

We helped that man.

Dative case: 'kişi' + 'yə'.

Kişidə çoxlu kitab var.

The man has many books.

Locative case: 'kişi' + 'də' (at the man).

Mən bu sözü bir kişidən eşitdim.

I heard this word from a man.

Ablative case: 'kişi' + 'dən'.

Maşında iki kişi var idi.

There were two men in the car.

Past tense of 'var' is 'var idi'.

O, yaşlı bir kişidir, ona hörmət et.

He is an old man, respect him.

Imperative: 'hörmət et' (do respect).

Kişilər futbol oynamağı sevirlər.

Men love playing football.

Gerund: 'oynamağı' (the playing of).

Sözünün üstündə duran kişi hər zaman hörmət qazanır.

A man who stands by his word always gains respect.

Relative clause: 'duran' (who stands).

O, hər şeyi kişi kimi həll etdi.

He settled everything like a man (honorably).

Adverbial phrase: 'kişi kimi'.

Kişilik yalnız güc demək deyil.

Manhood doesn't just mean strength.

Abstract noun: 'kişilik'.

Mən bu kişini uşaqlıqdan tanıyıram.

I have known this man since childhood.

Ablative of time: 'uşaqlıqdan'.

Onun atası çox mərd bir kişi idi.

His father was a very brave/noble man.

Adjective 'mərd' is a high praise for a man.

Həmin kişi bizə yolu göstərməyə razı oldu.

That man agreed to show us the way.

Compound verb: 'razı oldu' (became agreed).

Kişilər arasında belə bir söhbət gəzirdi.

There was such a conversation going around among the men.

Postposition: 'arasında' (among).

O kişi səhvini etiraf etməkdən qorxmadı.

That man was not afraid to admit his mistake.

Ablative with 'qorxmaq': 'etiraf etməkdən'.

Müasir cəmiyyətdə kişinin rolu dəyişməkdədir.

The role of the man is changing in modern society.

Continuous aspect: 'dəyişməkdədir'.

O, hər bir hərəkəti ilə əsl kişi olduğunu sübut etdi.

He proved with every action that he is a true man.

Subordinate clause: 'olduğunu' (that he is).

Kişi gərək hər zaman ailəsinin dayağı olsun.

A man should always be the support of his family.

Modal: 'gərək... olsun' (should be).

Bu, kişilər üçün nəzərdə tutulmuş bir məkandır.

This is a place intended for men.

Passive participle: 'nəzərdə tutulmuş'.

Onun kişi xeylağı olması işləri çətinləşdirirdi.

The fact that he was a man made things difficult.

Colloquial term: 'kişi xeylağı' (a male person).

Kişi sözü vermisənsə, gərək ona əməl edəsən.

If you have given a man's word, you must fulfill it.

Conditional: 'vermisənsə'.

O, kişilərin üstünlük təşkil etdiyi bir sahədə çalışır.

He works in a field where men constitute the majority.

Relative clause with 'təşkil etdiyi'.

Bu hadisə həmin kişinin həyatını tamamilə dəyişdi.

This event completely changed that man's life.

Adverb: 'tamamilə'.

Klassik ədəbiyyatda kişi obrazı müxtəlif yönlərdən təhlil edilir.

In classical literature, the image of the man is analyzed from various perspectives.

Passive voice: 'təhlil edilir'.

Kişilik anlayışı zamana görə transformasiyaya uğrayıb.

The concept of manhood has undergone transformation over time.

Dative with 'uğramaq': 'transformasiyaya'.

O, hər kəsin etibar etdiyi, sözü bütöv bir kişidir.

He is a man of integrity whom everyone trusts.

Idiom: 'sözü bütöv' (one whose word is whole/reliable).

Bu əsərdə kişinin daxili iztirabları ustalıqla təsvir olunmuşdur.

The man's internal sufferings are masterfully depicted in this work.

Perfect passive: 'təsvir olunmuşdur'.

Kişi xarakterinin formalaşmasında mühitin rolu danılmazdır.

The role of the environment in the formation of a man's character is undeniable.

Genitive chain: 'Kişi xarakterinin formalaşması'.

Onun kişi kimi davranışı ətrafdakıları heyran etdi.

His manly behavior amazed those around him.

Noun as adjective: 'kişi kimi'.

Cəmiyyətdə kişi hegemonluğuna qarşı müxtəlif fikirlər mövcuddur.

Various opinions exist against male hegemony in society.

Postposition: 'qarşı' (against).

Həmin kişinin müdrikliyi bütün kəndə yayılmışdı.

That man's wisdom had spread throughout the village.

Past perfect: 'yayılmışdı'.

Eposlarımızda kişinin qəhrəmanlıq xüsusiyyətləri mifik bir dillə tərənnüm olunur.

In our epics, the heroic qualities of the man are celebrated with a mythical language.

Formal verb: 'tərənnüm olunur' (is praised/sung).

Kişilik və ləyaqət anlayışları bir-biri ilə sıx vəhdət təşkil edir.

Concepts of manhood and dignity form a tight unity with each other.

Philosophical term: 'vəhdət' (unity).

O, dövrünün ən nüfuzlu kişilərindən biri hesab olunurdu.

He was considered one of the most influential men of his time.

Partitive genitive: 'kişilərindən biri'.

Kişi iradəsinin sarsılmazlığı bir çox əfsanələrin mövzusudur.

The unshakeability of a man's will is the subject of many legends.

Complex noun phrase: 'Kişi iradəsinin sarsılmazlığı'.

Müəllif kişinin təbiətini bütün ziddiyyətləri ilə açmağa çalışıb.

The author tried to reveal the nature of the man with all its contradictions.

Dative infinitive: 'açmağa'.

Kişi dünyagörüşünün formalaşmasında tarixi proseslərin təsiri böyükdür.

The influence of historical processes on the formation of a man's worldview is great.

Scientific register.

Sözügedən kişinin fəaliyyəti ölkə hüdudlarından kənarda da tanınır.

The activities of the man in question are also known beyond the borders of the country.

Formal adjective: 'sözügedən' (aforementioned).

Kişi və mənəviyyat məsələsi hər zaman aktual qalmaqdadır.

The issue of man and morality always remains relevant.

Abstract coordination.

常见搭配

yaşlı kişi

kişi sözü

kişi geyimi

kişi bərbəri

əsl kişi

kişi xeylağı

kişi müəllim

kişi səsi

kişi tualeti

kişi qəlbi

常用短语

Kişi ol!

— Be a man! Used to encourage courage or responsibility.

Qorxma, kişi ol!

Kişi kimi

— Like a man. Refers to acting honorably or bravely.

O, kişi kimi döyüşdü.

Sözü kişi sözüdür

— His word is a man's word. He is very reliable.

Ona inan, onun sözü kişi sözüdür.

Kişilər ağlamaz

— Men don't cry. A traditional saying about masculine stoicism.

Ağlama, axı kişilər ağlamaz.

Nə var, nə yox, kişi?

— What's up, man? A common friendly greeting between men.

Salam, nə var, nə yox, kişi?

Kişi adamdır

— He is a real man. Praising someone's integrity.

O, həqiqətən kişi adamdır.

Kişi gərək...

— A man must... Used to state expectations of male behavior.

Kişi gərək ailəsinə baxsın.

Kişi işi

— Man's work. Refers to tasks traditionally done by men.

Bu, ağır kişi işidir.

Kişi xasiyyəti

— Manly character. Refers to being tough or firm.

Onun sərt kişi xasiyyəti var.

Adı kişi, özü...

— His name is man, but he... Used to criticize someone who doesn't act honorably.

Adı kişidir, amma əməli başqadır.

容易混淆的词

kişi vs adam

Adam means person; kişi means man. Don't use 'kişi' to count people in general.

kişi vs ər

Ər is specifically husband; kişi is man (though used colloquially for husband).

kişi vs oğlan

Oğlan is a boy; kişi is a man. Calling a grown man 'oğlan' can be belittling.

习语与表达

"Kişi sözü vermək"

— To give one's word of honor as a man.

Mən sənə kişi sözü verirəm ki, gələcəyəm.

neutral

"Kişilik etmək"

— To act bravely or generously in a difficult situation.

O, böyük kişilik etdi və günahı üstünə götürdü.

informal

"Kişi çıxmaq"

— To turn out to be a 'real man' or to prove one's worth.

Sən həqiqətən kişi çıxdın.

informal

"Kişi qırığını"

— A slightly derogatory or playful way to refer to a small or weak man.

O kişi qırığı bizə nə edə bilər ki?

slang

"Kişi tək gələr, tək gedər"

— A man comes alone and goes alone. Emphasizes self-reliance.

Həyat çətindir, kişi tək gələr, tək gedər.

literary

"Sözü bir, kişi özü bir"

— A man and his word are one. Emphasizes honesty.

Ona etibar et, sözü bir, kişi özü birdir.

proverbial

"Kişi ağzından söz bir dəfə çıxar"

— A man says a word only once. Meaning he won't change his mind.

Mən dedim, bitdi. Kişi ağzından söz bir dəfə çıxar.

traditional

"Kişi toyuq deyil ki..."

— A man is not a chicken... (to be afraid).

Qorxma, kişi toyuq deyil ki, hər şeydən hürksün.

informal

"Kişilik məktəbi"

— The school of manhood. Usually refers to the army or hard life experiences.

Əsgərlik əsl kişilik məktəbidir.

neutral

"Kişi kimi ölmək"

— To die honorably, usually for a cause.

Vətən uğrunda kişi kimi öldü.

literary

容易混淆

kişi vs dişi

Sounds similar to 'kişi'.

Dişi means female (usually for animals) or tooth. Kişi means man.

Bu maral dişidir (This deer is female).

kişi vs işi

Rhymes and looks similar.

İşi means 'his/her work'. Kişi means 'man'.

Onun işi çoxdur.

kişi vs kiçik

Starts with the same syllable.

Kiçik means small. Kişi means man.

Kiçik bir otaq.

kişi vs keçid

Phonetically similar start.

Keçid means passage or crossing. Kişi means man.

Yeraltı keçid.

kişi vs kiş

Root sound.

Kiş is an interjection used to shoo away birds. Kişi is man.

Kiş, get buradan!

句型

Bu [noun]dir.

Bu kişidir.

[Adjective] kişi.

Yaşlı kişi.

Mən [noun]ni [verb].

Mən kişini görürəm.

[Noun]nin [noun]u.

Kişinin maşını.

[Noun] kimi [verb].

Kişi kimi danış.

[Noun] olduğunu [verb].

Onun kişi olduğunu bildim.

[Noun] anlayışı [verb].

Kişilik anlayışı dəyişir.

[Noun] xüsusiyyətləri [verb].

Kişi xarakterinin xüsusiyyətləri.

词族

名词

kişilik (manhood/honor)

kişicik (little man - often ironic)

kişisizlik (lack of men/manhood)

动词

kişiləşmək (to become manly)

kişiliyinə toxunmaq (to offend someone's manhood)

形容词

kişisayağı (man-style)

kişiyanə (manly/man-like)

kişisiz (without a man)

如何使用

frequency

Extremely high in daily speech.

常见错误

Üç kişi (meaning three people) → Üç nəfər
In Azerbaijani, 'üç kişi' means 'three men'. To count people in general, use 'nəfər'.
Kişilar → Kişilər
Incorrect vowel harmony. 'i' is a thin vowel and must be followed by 'e' or 'i'.
Balaca kişi (for a child) → Balaca oğlan
'Kişi' is for adults. Use 'oğlan' for boys unless you are being intentionally playful.
Kişiya (Dative case) → Kişiyə
Again, vowel harmony error. The suffix must be '-yə' not '-ya'.
Using 'kişi' for a woman → Qadın / Xanım
Unlike Turkish, 'kişi' is never gender-neutral in Azerbaijani.

小贴士

Vowel Harmony Check

Always pair 'kişi' with '-lər', '-nin', '-ni' because of the soft 'i' vowel. This is a fundamental rule for A1 learners.

Honor Matters

Remember that 'kişi' is an ethical label. Calling someone 'kişi' in a serious tone is a sign of deep trust in their character.

Kişi vs Adam

Use 'kişi' when gender is the point. Use 'adam' when you just mean 'person'. 'Beş adam' is generic; 'Beş kişi' specifically means five males.

Soft K

Practice the 'k' in 'kişi' as a soft sound at the front of the mouth. Don't let it sound like the 'k' in 'car'.

Public Signs

Look for 'Kişilər' (plural) on signs. It's the standard way to label male-specific areas.

Kişi Sözü

If you want someone to believe you, say 'Kişi sözü verirrəm'. It's the strongest form of a promise.

Greeting Peers

Among male friends, 'Salam, kişi' is a very warm and common way to say hello.

Spousal Reference

In formal documents, avoid 'kişi' for husband. Use 'həyat yoldaşı' to sound professional.

Suffix Listening

Pay attention to the end of the word. 'Kişini' (object) vs 'Kişinin' (owner) changes the whole sentence meaning.

Turkic Roots

Knowing that 'kişi' meant 'human' originally helps you understand its deep-rooted importance in the language.

记住它

记忆技巧

Think of a 'Key' (ki) and a 'She' (şi) - but remember it's the opposite of 'She'! It's the 'Key' to being a man.

视觉联想

Visualize a man holding a large traditional 'Key' (ki) while standing in a 'Ship' (şi).

Word Web

Man Honor Baku Masculine Father Brave Adult Male

挑战

Try to use 'kişi' in three different cases (nominative, dative, and genitive) in a short paragraph about a fictional hero.

词源

The word 'kişi' originates from the Old Turkic 'kişi', which originally meant 'human being' or 'person' regardless of gender. It is found in the Orkhon inscriptions from the 8th century.

原始含义： Human being / Person

Turkic (Oghuz branch)

文化背景

Be careful when using 'kişi' to refer to a husband in very formal settings; it might sound too colloquial. Also, avoid using it for children.

English speakers often find the 'honor' aspect of 'kişi' similar to the old-fashioned English concept of a 'gentleman' or 'a man of his word'.

The character of 'Koroğlu' is the ultimate 'kişi' in Azerbaijani folklore. Nizami Ganjavi's works often discuss the qualities of a noble 'kişi'. Modern Azerbaijani songs often use 'kişi' to describe heartbreak or resilience.

在生活中练习

真实语境

At a Barbershop

Kişi salonu haradadır?
Kişi bərbəri lazımdır.
Kişi saç düzümü.
Kişilər üçün xidmət.

Describing a Stranger

O hündürboylu kişi.
Eynəkli bir kişi.
Həmin kişi getdi.
Naməlum bir kişi.

Family Discussions

O, yaxşı kişidir.
Kişinin ailəsi.
Evin kişisi.
Kişi gərək baxsın.

In the Market

Buyur, kişi.
Sağ ol, kişi.
Kişi, qiyməti neçədir?
Zəhmət olmasa, kişi.

Legal/Official

Zərərçəkən kişi.
Şahid kişi.
30 yaşlı kişi.
Kişi cinsli vətəndaş.

对话开场白

"O kişini tanıyırsınız?"

"Sizcə, əsl kişi necə olmalıdır?"

"Bu mağazada kişi geyimləri var?"

"Kişilər üçün ən yaxşı hədiyyə nədir?"

"O kişi nə vaxt gələcək?"

日记主题

Tanıdığın ən müdrik kişi haqqında yaz.

Azərbaycan mədəniyyətində 'kişi' olmaq nə deməkdir?

Bir kişinin həyatında ən vacib dəyər nə olmalıdır?

Küçədə gördüyün maraqlı bir kişini təsvir et.

Kişi və qadın rolları haqqında fikirlərini bölüş.

常见问题

10 个问题

No, in Azerbaijani, 'kişi' is strictly male. Unlike Turkish where it can mean 'person', using it for a female would be incorrect and confusing.

You can use 'Bəy' or 'Cənab', but in casual settings, 'Kişi' or 'Qardaş' (Brother) is common. For an older man, 'Dayı' (Uncle) is best.

'Kişi' is 'man' (gender), while 'ər' is 'husband' (relationship). Women often call their husbands 'mənim kişim' informally.

Yes, it is the standard plural. You might also hear 'kişi xeylağı' as a collective term for 'menfolk'.

Socially, this happens in the late teens, upon joining the army, or when starting a career/family. There is no strict age.

Yes, 'kişilik' almost always refers to positive traits like bravery, honesty, and honor.

No, for animals, use 'erkək'. 'Kişi' is reserved for human beings.

Only if used ironically (e.g., 'kişicik') or to mock someone's lack of bravery ('Sən hələ kişi olmamısan').

It is 'kişilər üçün' or simply 'kişi tualeti'.

Frequently. It symbolizes strength, the father figure, and the protector of the homeland.

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