gewissenhaft 30秒了解
- Means very careful and diligent.
- Implies a strong sense of duty and doing what's right.
- Used for people who pay attention to detail.
- A positive trait, often associated with reliability.
The German adjective gewissenhaft describes someone who is very careful, thorough, and diligent in their work or actions, driven by a strong sense of duty and a desire to do things correctly and ethically. It's about having a strong conscience that guides one's actions, ensuring that tasks are performed with precision and integrity. Someone who is gewissenhaft doesn't cut corners; they pay attention to detail and take their responsibilities seriously. This term is often used in professional settings, academic contexts, and everyday situations where reliability and carefulness are valued.
- Core Meaning
- Conscientious, scrupulous, meticulous, thorough, diligent.
- When to Use It
- Use gewissenhaft when you want to praise someone's carefulness, dedication, and ethical approach to their tasks. It implies a high standard of work and a reliable character. For example, a gewissenhafte student always completes their homework thoroughly, and a gewissenhafte employee double-checks their reports before submitting them.
Sie arbeitete gewissenhaft an ihrem Projekt, um sicherzustellen, dass alle Details korrekt waren.
Ein gewissenhafter Buchhalter ist für jedes Unternehmen unerlässlich.
- Nuance
- While gewissenhaft implies thoroughness and care, it doesn't necessarily mean someone is slow. A gewissenhaft person can be efficient while still maintaining high standards. The emphasis is on the quality and integrity of the work, not just the speed.
Der Arzt untersuchte den Patienten gewissenhaft.
Using gewissenhaft correctly involves placing it in contexts where diligence, care, and a strong sense of responsibility are highlighted. It typically modifies nouns referring to people, their actions, or their work. It can appear before a noun (attributive) or after a linking verb like 'sein' (to be) or 'werden' (to become) (predicative).
- Attributive Use (Before a Noun)
- When used attributively, gewissenhaft agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies. For example: 'ein gewissenhafter Mitarbeiter' (a conscientious employee), 'die gewissenhafte Prüfung' (the conscientious examination).
Er ist ein gewissenhafter Arbeiter, der immer pünktlich ist und seine Aufgaben gründlich erledigt.
- Predicative Use (After a Linking Verb)
- In this position, gewissenhaft does not change its ending. It describes the subject of the sentence. For example: 'Der Student ist sehr gewissenhaft.' (The student is very conscientious.)
Die Lehrerin lobte die gewissenhafte Vorbereitung der Schüler auf die Prüfung.
Sie hat eine gewissenhafte Art, die alle Aufgaben sorgfältig erledigt.
- Common Verb Collocations
- Gewissenhaft often pairs with verbs like 'arbeiten' (to work), 'erledigen' (to complete/carry out), 'prüfen' (to check/examine), 'studieren' (to study), and 'planen' (to plan).
Die Forschung wurde gewissenhaft durchgeführt.
You'll frequently encounter the word gewissenhaft in various German-speaking environments, particularly where professionalism, reliability, and high standards are emphasized. It’s a word that reflects positive character traits highly valued in society.
- Professional and Academic Settings
- In job descriptions, performance reviews, and discussions about work ethic, gewissenhaft is common. Employers appreciate gewissenhaft employees because they can be trusted to do their jobs thoroughly and with integrity. In academia, students are praised for gewissenhaft research or study habits.
Die Bewerberin wurde für ihre gewissenhafte Arbeitsweise gelobt.
- Legal and Medical Fields
- These professions demand extreme accuracy and ethical conduct. A gewissenhafter lawyer ensures all legal documents are meticulously checked, and a gewissenhafter doctor pays close attention to every detail of a patient's condition and treatment plan.
Als Richter muss man gewissenhaft urteilen.
- Everyday Conversations
- You might hear it when discussing neighbors who are particularly tidy and organized, or when complimenting someone on their thoroughness in planning an event or managing household affairs. It’s a positive descriptor that implies reliability and care.
Mein Nachbar ist sehr gewissenhaft und kümmert sich immer um den Garten.
- Media and Literature
- Articles about exemplary individuals, reviews of meticulous craftsmanship, or narratives featuring characters known for their integrity and thoroughness will often use gewissenhaft.
Die Dokumentation zeigte die gewissenhafte Arbeit der Forscher.
While gewissenhaft is a straightforward adjective, learners might make a few common errors, often related to its grammatical form or confusion with similar-sounding words. Understanding these pitfalls can help you use it more accurately.
- Incorrect Grammatical Endings
- The most frequent mistake is forgetting to apply the correct adjective endings when gewissenhaft is used attributively (before a noun). For example, saying 'ein gewissenhaft Mitarbeiter' instead of 'ein gewissenhafter Mitarbeiter' (a conscientious employee) in the nominative case. Remember that gewissenhaft, like other adjectives, declines based on the gender, number, and case of the noun it modifies.
Incorrect: Sie ist eine gewissenhaft Studentin.
Correct: Sie ist eine gewissenhafte Studentin.
Correct: She is a conscientious student.
- Confusing with Similar-Sounding Words
- Sometimes learners might mix up gewissenhaft with words that sound similar but have different meanings. For instance, 'gewiss' means 'certain' or 'sure.' While related in root, 'gewissenhaft' specifically refers to the quality of being conscientious, not just certainty.
Incorrect: Er ist sehr gewiss in seiner Arbeit.
Correct: Er ist sehr gewissenhaft in seiner Arbeit.
Correct: He is very conscientious in his work.
- Overuse or Misapplication
- Using gewissenhaft for tasks that are simple or don't require much attention to detail might sound slightly exaggerated. While it's a positive trait, it's best reserved for situations where genuine diligence and care are evident.
Incorrect: Ich habe gewissenhaft meine Schuhe gebunden. (Unless it was a particularly complex knot or a very important occasion!)
Correct: Ich habe sorgfältig meine Schuhe gebunden. (or simply: Ich habe meine Schuhe gebunden.)
Correct: I carefully tied my shoes. (or simply: I tied my shoes.)
While gewissenhaft is a rich term, several other German words can be used to express similar ideas, each with its own subtle differences in meaning and usage. Understanding these alternatives can help you choose the most precise word for your context.
- Sorgfältig (Careful, Meticulous)
- This is a very common synonym for gewissenhaft, focusing more on the detailed and careful execution of a task. It implies paying close attention to prevent mistakes. Gewissenhaft often carries a stronger implication of moral or ethical duty behind the carefulness.
- Comparison: A sorgfältiger report is one that has been checked for errors. A gewissenhafter report is one that has been checked for errors and also reflects a deep sense of responsibility to present accurate information.
Sie legte die Dokumente sorgfältig ab. (She filed the documents carefully.)
- Gründlich (Thorough, Deep)
- This word emphasizes completeness and depth. A gründliche examination goes into great detail, leaving no stone unturned. It's very close to gewissenhaft when referring to the execution of tasks, suggesting that nothing has been overlooked.
- Comparison: A gründliche cleaning means cleaning every corner. A gewissenhafte cleaning might imply cleaning every corner because one feels a deep responsibility to maintain a clean home.
Er führte eine gründliche Analyse durch. (He conducted a thorough analysis.)
- Pflichtbewusst (Conscientious, Dutiful)
- This is perhaps the closest synonym, directly translating to 'duty-conscious.' It strongly emphasizes the sense of obligation and responsibility that drives someone's actions. It's very similar to gewissenhaft but perhaps with an even stronger focus on the 'duty' aspect.
- Comparison: A pflichtbewusster employee always does what is expected of them because they feel it is their duty. A gewissenhafter employee does the same, possibly with an added layer of personal integrity or ethical consideration.
Sie ist eine sehr pflichtbewusste Kollegin. (She is a very dutiful colleague.)
- Akribisch (Meticulous, Pains-taking)
- This word highlights extreme attention to detail, often to the point of being painstaking. It's used for tasks that require very fine, precise work.
- Comparison: An akribische researcher might spend hours verifying a single data point. A gewissenhafte researcher would do the same, driven by the ethical imperative for accuracy.
Der Restaurator arbeitete akribisch an dem Gemälde. (The restorer worked meticulously on the painting.)
How Formal Is It?
趣味小知识
The word 'Gewissen' (conscience) itself stems from the Old High German 'giwizzani', which means 'knowledge' or 'consciousness'. This connection highlights how a strong conscience is often linked to a deep awareness and understanding of one's actions and their moral implications. The evolution from 'knowledge' to 'moral inner voice' shows a fascinating linguistic shift in how inner guidance is perceived. The '-haft' suffix is very productive in German and can be seen in many other adjectives like 'fehlerhaft' (faulty), 'einfach' (simple, though often used as 'einfach-haft' in older contexts), and 'widerwillig' (reluctant). It's a key element in forming descriptive words.
发音指南
- Mispronouncing the 'g' as soft (like 'j').
- Incorrectly stressing the first syllable ('GE-wissenhaft').
- Varying the vowel sounds in 'wissen' or 'haft'.
难度评级
CEFR A2 level. The word is relatively common and its meaning can be inferred from context, especially when paired with words like 'sorgfältig' or 'gründlich'. Understanding its nuances requires slightly more advanced vocabulary and grammatical structures.
Requires understanding of adjective declension and appropriate contexts. Learners might initially confuse it with synonyms or misuse its grammatical forms.
Pronunciation is straightforward, but using it accurately in spontaneous speech requires confidence with its meaning and grammatical variations.
Recognizable due to its common use in professional and formal contexts. Understanding the implied praise or emphasis on thoroughness is key.
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前置知识
接下来学习
高级
需要掌握的语法
Adjective declension in German.
The ending of 'gewissenhaft' changes based on the gender, number, and case of the noun it modifies (e.g., ein gewissenhafter Mann, eine gewissenhafte Frau, ein gewissenhaftes Kind).
Adverbial use of adjectives.
When 'gewissenhaft' describes the manner of an action (verb), it often remains unchanged. Example: Er arbeitet gewissenhaft.
Use of 'sein' with adjectives.
When 'gewissenhaft' follows the verb 'sein' (to be), it acts as a predicate adjective and does not take an ending. Example: Der Schüler ist gewissenhaft.
Comparison of adjectives.
While 'gewissenhaft' is usually used in its base form, comparative structures might involve phrases like 'mehr gewissenhaft' (more conscientious), though this is less common than using synonyms like 'sorgfältiger'.
Word order in German sentences.
The position of 'gewissenhaft' can vary: 'Der gewissenhafte Student lernt.' (Subject-adjective-noun) vs. 'Der Student ist gewissenhaft.' (Subject-verb-predicate adjective).
按水平分级的例句
Der Schüler ist sehr gewissenhaft und macht seine Hausaufgaben immer.
The student is very conscientious and always does his homework.
Predicative use: 'gewissenhaft' does not take an ending after 'ist'.
Sie hat eine gewissenhafte Arbeitsweise.
She has a conscientious way of working.
Attributive use: 'gewissenhafte' agrees with feminine noun 'Arbeitsweise' in nominative case.
Der Arzt hat den Patienten gewissenhaft untersucht.
The doctor examined the patient conscientiously.
Adverbial use modifying 'untersucht'.
Ein gewissenhafter Mensch denkt über seine Taten nach.
A conscientious person thinks about their actions.
Attributive use: 'gewissenhafter' agrees with masculine noun 'Mensch' in nominative case.
Wir brauchen gewissenhafte Mitarbeiter für dieses Projekt.
We need conscientious employees for this project.
Attributive use: 'gewissenhafte' agrees with plural noun 'Mitarbeiter' in accusative case.
Die Lehrerin ist gewissenhaft und erklärt alles gut.
The teacher is conscientious and explains everything well.
Predicative use.
Er hat seine Aufgabe gewissenhaft erledigt.
He completed his task conscientiously.
Adverbial use modifying 'erledigt'.
Sei gewissenhaft bei der Prüfung der Fakten.
Be conscientious when checking the facts.
Imperative mood, predicative use.
Die gewissenhafte Buchhalterin bemerkte den kleinen Fehler in der Bilanz sofort.
The conscientious accountant noticed the small error in the balance sheet immediately.
Attributive use: 'gewissenhafte' agrees with feminine noun 'Buchhalterin' in nominative case.
Er ging gewissenhaft an die Vorbereitung der Präsentation heran.
He approached the preparation of the presentation conscientiously.
Adverbial use modifying 'ging heran'.
Man sollte bei der Entscheidungsfindung stets gewissenhaft sein.
One should always be conscientious when making decisions.
Predicative use.
Die gewissenhafte Pflege der Pflanzen war sichtbar.
The conscientious care of the plants was visible.
Attributive use: 'gewissenhafte' agrees with feminine noun 'Pflege' in nominative case.
Sie hat einen Ruf als gewissenhafte Forscherin.
She has a reputation as a conscientious researcher.
Attributive use: 'gewissenhafte' agrees with feminine noun 'Forscherin' in accusative case.
Der Richter urteilte gewissenhaft und unparteiisch.
The judge ruled conscientiously and impartially.
Adverbial use modifying 'urteilte'.
Nur ein gewissenhafter Handwerker würde so präzise arbeiten.
Only a conscientious craftsman would work so precisely.
Attributive use: 'gewissenhafter' agrees with masculine noun 'Handwerker' in nominative case.
Er war stolz auf seine gewissenhafte Ausführung des Auftrags.
He was proud of his conscientious execution of the order.
Attributive use: 'gewissenhafte' agrees with feminine noun 'Ausführung' in genitive case (implied after 'auf seine').
Die gewissenhafte Überprüfung aller Unterlagen war entscheidend für den Erfolg des Projekts.
The conscientious review of all documents was crucial for the project's success.
Attributive use: 'gewissenhafte' agrees with feminine noun 'Überprüfung' in nominative case.
Er nahm seine Rolle als Mentor gewissenhaft wahr und bot stets Unterstützung.
He conscientiously fulfilled his role as a mentor and always offered support.
Adverbial use modifying 'nahm wahr'.
In Anbetracht der Umstände war es unerlässlich, gewissenhaft vorzugehen.
Given the circumstances, it was essential to proceed conscientiously.
Predicative use.
Die gewissenhafte Dokumentation jedes Schrittes minimierte spätere Missverständnisse.
The conscientious documentation of each step minimized later misunderstandings.
Attributive use: 'gewissenhafte' agrees with feminine noun 'Dokumentation' in nominative case.
Sie schätzte seine gewissenhafte Herangehensweise an komplexe Probleme.
She appreciated his conscientious approach to complex problems.
Attributive use: 'gewissenhafte' agrees with feminine noun 'Herangehensweise' in accusative case.
Der Ermittler ging gewissenhaft allen Spuren nach.
The investigator conscientiously followed up on all leads.
Adverbial use modifying 'ging nach'.
Ein gewissenhafter Archivar sorgt für die langfristige Erhaltung von Kulturgütern.
A conscientious archivist ensures the long-term preservation of cultural assets.
Attributive use: 'gewissenhafter' agrees with masculine noun 'Archivar' in nominative case.
Die Qualität seiner Arbeit zeugte von einer tiefen, gewissenhaften Verpflichtung.
The quality of his work testified to a deep, conscientious commitment.
Attributive use: 'gewissenhaften' agrees with feminine noun 'Verpflichtung' in dative case (after 'von einer tiefen').
Die gewissenhafte Auseinandersetzung mit den ethischen Implikationen des Projekts war von Anfang an ein zentrales Anliegen.
The conscientious engagement with the ethical implications of the project was a central concern from the outset.
Attributive use: 'gewissenhafte' agrees with feminine noun 'Auseinandersetzung' in nominative case.
Er verstand es, seine Expertise gewissenhaft einzusetzen, um die bestmöglichen Ergebnisse zu erzielen.
He knew how to conscientiously apply his expertise to achieve the best possible results.
Adverbial use modifying 'einzusetzen'.
In einer Zeit der Unsicherheit war es von größter Bedeutung, gewissenhaft und prinzipientreu zu handeln.
In a time of uncertainty, it was of utmost importance to act conscientiously and with integrity.
Predicative use.
Die gewissenhafte Evaluation der wissenschaftlichen Daten war die Grundlage für weitere Forschung.
The conscientious evaluation of the scientific data was the basis for further research.
Attributive use: 'gewissenhafte' agrees with feminine noun 'Evaluation' in nominative case.
Sie schätzte seine gewissenhafte Reflexion über die gesellschaftlichen Folgen seiner Erfindungen.
She appreciated his conscientious reflection on the societal consequences of his inventions.
Attributive use: 'gewissenhafte' agrees with feminine noun 'Reflexion' in accusative case.
Der Diplomat agierte gewissenhaft, um die Beziehungen zwischen den Nationen zu stärken.
The diplomat acted conscientiously to strengthen relations between nations.
Adverbial use modifying 'agierte'.
Ein gewissenhafter Journalist deckt nicht nur Fakten auf, sondern hinterfragt auch deren Ursachen und Auswirkungen.
A conscientious journalist not only uncovers facts but also questions their causes and effects.
Attributive use: 'gewissenhafter' agrees with masculine noun 'Journalist' in nominative case.
Die gewissenhafte Anwendung bewährter Methoden war der Schlüssel zur Bewältigung der Krise.
The conscientious application of proven methods was the key to overcoming the crisis.
Attributive use: 'gewissenhafte' agrees with feminine noun 'Anwendung' in nominative case.
Die gewissenhafte Auseinandersetzung mit den kontroversen Aspekten der Geschichte erfordert nicht nur Intellekt, sondern auch moralische Integrität.
The conscientious engagement with the controversial aspects of history requires not only intellect but also moral integrity.
Attributive use: 'gewissenhafte' agrees with feminine noun 'Auseinandersetzung' in nominative case.
Er verstand es, seine tiefgreifende Expertise gewissenhaft und mit Bedacht einzusetzen, um die bestmöglichen und ethisch vertretbaren Ergebnisse zu erzielen.
He knew how to conscientiously and thoughtfully apply his profound expertise to achieve the best possible and ethically justifiable results.
Adverbial use modifying 'einzusetzen'.
In einer Ära des Wandels und der Unsicherheit war es von allergrößter Bedeutung, gewissenhaft, prinzipientreu und vorausschauend zu handeln.
In an era of change and uncertainty, it was of utmost importance to act conscientiously, with integrity, and with foresight.
Predicative use.
Die gewissenhafte Evaluation der komplexen, vielschichtigen wissenschaftlichen Daten war die unabdingbare Grundlage für jegliche weiterführende Forschung.
The conscientious evaluation of the complex, multi-layered scientific data was the indispensable basis for any further research.
Attributive use: 'gewissenhafte' agrees with feminine noun 'Evaluation' in nominative case.
Sie schätzte seine gewissenhafte und tiefgehende Reflexion über die weitreichenden gesellschaftlichen und ökologischen Folgen seiner bahnbrechenden Erfindungen.
She appreciated his conscientious and profound reflection on the far-reaching societal and ecological consequences of his groundbreaking inventions.
Attributive use: 'gewissenhafte' agrees with feminine noun 'Reflexion' in accusative case.
Der erfahrene Diplomat agierte stets gewissenhaft und mit diplomatischem Geschick, um die fragilen Beziehungen zwischen den Nationen nachhaltig zu stärken.
The experienced diplomat always acted conscientiously and with diplomatic skill to sustainably strengthen the fragile relations between the nations.
Adverbial use modifying 'agierte'.
Ein gewissenhafter und kritischer Journalist deckt nicht nur oberflächlich Fakten auf, sondern hinterfragt unablässig deren tiefere Ursachen, Motive und weitreichenden Auswirkungen.
A conscientious and critical journalist not only superficially uncovers facts but also incessantly questions their deeper causes, motives, and far-reaching effects.
Attributive use: 'gewissenhafter' agrees with masculine noun 'Journalist' in nominative case.
Die gewissenhafte und strategische Anwendung bewährter, aber auch innovativer Methoden war der entscheidende Schlüssel zur erfolgreichen Bewältigung der vielschichtigen Krise.
The conscientious and strategic application of proven, but also innovative, methods was the crucial key to successfully overcoming the multi-faceted crisis.
Attributive use: 'gewissenhafte' agrees with feminine noun 'Anwendung' in nominative case.
常见搭配
常用短语
— To be very conscientious, indicating a high level of care and diligence.
Er ist sehr gewissenhaft bei seiner Arbeit.
— A person who is characterized by conscientiousness, reliability, and attention to detail.
Sie ist eine sehr gewissenhafte Person, die nie etwas vergisst.
— With conscientious care; emphasizing both the ethical drive and the meticulousness of the action.
Die Aufgabe wurde mit gewissenhafter Sorgfalt erledigt.
— To adopt a conscientious approach, meaning to deal with something in a thorough, careful, and ethical manner.
Für dieses Projekt müssen wir einen gewissenhaften Ansatz wählen.
— A conscientious judgment, implying fairness, careful consideration of all facts, and ethical reasoning.
Der Richter fällte ein gewissenhaftes Urteil.
— Conscientious and thorough; a common pairing that reinforces the idea of meticulousness and completeness.
Die Überprüfung war gewissenhaft und gründlich.
— Conscientious and honest; highlighting both diligence and integrity.
Er ist ein gewissenhafter und ehrlicher Arbeiter.
— A duty that is performed with great care, responsibility, and integrity.
Die Erziehung der Kinder ist eine gewissenhafte Pflicht.
— With conscientious effort; emphasizing the dedicated and careful work put into something.
Er hat die Aufgabe mit gewissenhaftem Bemühen gelöst.
— A conscientious conscience; referring to a strong moral sense that guides one to do what is right.
Er hat ein gewissenhaftes Gewissen und handelt immer richtig.
容易混淆的词
'Gewiss' means 'certain' or 'sure'. While they share a root, 'gewissenhaft' refers to the quality of being conscientious and careful, whereas 'gewiss' refers to certainty or definiteness. Using 'gewiss' when you mean 'gewissenhaft' would change the meaning significantly.
'Sorgfältig' (careful) is a very close synonym and often interchangeable. However, 'gewissenhaft' can imply a deeper sense of moral or ethical duty behind the carefulness, whereas 'sorgfältig' focuses more on the meticulous execution of the task itself.
'Pedantisch' means meticulous to an excessive or annoying degree. While both imply attention to detail, 'gewissenhaft' is usually a positive term, whereas 'pedantisch' can sometimes carry a negative connotation of being overly fussy or rigid.
容易混淆
Shares the root 'Gewissen' (conscience) and sounds similar.
'Gewiss' means 'certain' or 'sure'. 'Gewissenhaft' means 'conscientious' or 'diligent'. You can be 'gewiss' about something (certain) or act 'gewissenhaft' (conscientiously). Example: 'Ich bin mir <strong>gewiss</strong>, dass er <strong>gewissenhaft</strong> gearbeitet hat.' (I am certain that he worked conscientiously.)
Ich bin mir <strong>gewiss</strong>, dass er <strong>gewissenhaft</strong> gearbeitet hat.
Both describe carefulness and attention to detail.
'Sorgfältig' focuses on the careful execution of a task, preventing mistakes. 'Gewissenhaft' adds a layer of moral or ethical duty and a strong sense of responsibility. You can be 'sorgfältig' without necessarily feeling a deep moral imperative, but 'gewissenhaft' implies both carefulness and a guiding conscience. Example: 'Er hat die Prüfung <strong>sorgfältig</strong> wiederholt, weil er <strong>gewissenhaft</strong> war.' (He repeated the exam carefully because he was conscientious.)
Er hat die Prüfung <strong>sorgfältig</strong> wiederholt, weil er <strong>gewissenhaft</strong> war.
Both imply completeness and thoroughness.
'Gründlich' emphasizes depth and completeness, leaving nothing out. 'Gewissenhaft' emphasizes the diligent and ethical execution driven by a sense of duty. A 'gründliche' investigation might be thorough, but a 'gewissenhafte' investigation also implies an ethical commitment to finding the truth. Example: 'Die <strong>gründliche</strong> Analyse deckte alles auf, aber erst die <strong>gewissenhafte</strong> Auswertung brachte die Lösung.' (The thorough analysis uncovered everything, but only the conscientious evaluation brought the solution.)
Die <strong>gründliche</strong> Analyse deckte alles auf, aber erst die <strong>gewissenhafte</strong> Auswertung brachte die Lösung.
Both relate to extreme attention to detail.
'Pedantisch' often carries a negative connotation of being overly fussy, rigid, or obsessed with minor details, sometimes to the detriment of the overall goal. 'Gewissenhaft' is almost always positive, implying a dedication to quality and doing things correctly out of a sense of duty. Example: 'Sein <strong>gewissenhaftes</strong> Vorgehen war beeindruckend, aber das <strong>pedantische</strong> Festhalten an jedem kleinen Detail war manchmal anstrengend.' (His conscientious approach was impressive, but the pedantic adherence to every small detail was sometimes tiring.)
Sein <strong>gewissenhaftes</strong> Vorgehen war beeindruckend, aber das <strong>pedantische</strong> Festhalten an jedem kleinen Detail war manchmal anstrengend.
Very close in meaning, both relating to duty and conscientiousness.
'Pflichtbewusst' strongly emphasizes the sense of duty and obligation. 'Gewissenhaft' encompasses this but also broader ethical considerations and a general desire to do what is right and thorough. They are often interchangeable. Example: 'Ein <strong>pflichtbewusster</strong> Soldat handelt <strong>gewissenhaft</strong>.' (A dutiful soldier acts conscientiously.)
Ein <strong>pflichtbewusster</strong> Soldat handelt <strong>gewissenhaft</strong>.
句型
Subject + ist + gewissenhaft.
Der Lehrer ist gewissenhaft.
Ein/Eine + gewissenhafte/r + Noun + Verb.
Eine gewissenhafte Studentin lernt viel.
Subject + Verb + gewissenhaft (adverbially).
Sie hat die Aufgabe gewissenhaft erledigt.
Die/Der + gewissenhafte + Noun + Verb.
Die gewissenhafte Buchhalterin fand den Fehler.
Sein + ein + gewissenhafter + Noun + der/die/das + Verb.
Er ist ein gewissenhafter Mensch, der immer hilft.
Mit + gewissenhafter + Noun + Verb.
Mit gewissenhafter Vorbereitung bestand er die Prüfung.
Die + gewissenhafte + Noun + war + Adjective/Participle.
Die gewissenhafte Überprüfung war langwierig.
Subject + Verb + gewissenhaft + und + Adjective/Adverb.
Sie arbeitet gewissenhaft und präzise.
词族
名词
形容词
相关
如何使用
Common, especially in professional, academic, and descriptive contexts.
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Incorrect adjective ending.
→
Sie ist eine <strong>gewissenhafte</strong> Sekretärin.
Forgetting to add the '-e' ending after 'eine' for a feminine noun in the nominative case.
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Confusing 'gewissenhaft' with 'gewiss'.
→
Er ist <strong>gewissenhaft</strong> bei seiner Arbeit.
'Gewiss' means 'certain'. The sentence should describe the manner of work, not certainty about it. The correct word is 'gewissenhaft'.
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Using 'gewissenhaft' as an adverb without change when it should have an ending.
→
Der <strong>gewissenhafte</strong> Student machte keine Fehler.
When 'gewissenhaft' describes a noun ('Student'), it needs an adjective ending. If it were describing a verb, it might not change (e.g., 'Er arbeitet gewissenhaft').
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Overusing 'gewissenhaft' for simple tasks.
→
Er hat seine Schuhe <strong>sorgfältig</strong> gebunden.
Saying someone tied their shoes 'gewissenhaft' might sound overly formal or imply a deep moral significance to tying shoes. 'Sorgfältig' (carefully) is more appropriate for such simple actions.
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Using 'gewissenhaft' predicatively without an ending when it modifies a noun.
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Die <strong>gewissenhafte</strong> Prüfung hat alle Probleme aufgedeckt.
The adjective 'gewissenhaft' needs an ending ('-e') when it directly precedes the noun 'Prüfung' in the nominative case. It's not functioning as a predicate adjective here.
小贴士
Adjective Endings
Remember that 'gewissenhaft' is an adjective and needs correct endings when placed before a noun. For example, 'ein gewissenhafter Lehrer' (nominative, masculine) vs. 'die gewissenhafte Lehrerin' (nominative, feminine).
Stress Pattern
The main stress in 'gewissenhaft' falls on the second syllable: ge-WIS-sen-haft. Practice saying it aloud to get the rhythm correct.
Word Family
Connect 'gewissenhaft' to its root noun 'Gewissen' (conscience). This helps reinforce the meaning of acting according to one's moral compass.
Mnemonic Device
Think of a 'GHOST' that is 'HAFT' to the rules – a conscientious spirit. This can help you remember the word and its meaning.
Gewissenhaft vs. Sorgfältig
'Sorgfältig' focuses on carefulness in execution. 'Gewissenhaft' adds the layer of moral duty and conscience. Both are positive, but 'gewissenhaft' is often a deeper compliment.
Writing Practice
Write sentences describing people you admire for their work ethic. Try to use 'gewissenhaft' to describe their approach or character.
Active Listening
When listening to German, try to identify when 'gewissenhaft' is used and in what context. This will help you understand its natural usage patterns.
Root Connection
The word comes from 'Gewissen' (conscience). This link emphasizes that 'gewissenhaft' means acting with a strong moral sense and awareness of right and wrong.
Exploring Alternatives
When 'gewissenhaft' feels too strong or not quite right, consider synonyms like 'sorgfältig' (careful), 'gründlich' (thorough), or 'pflichtbewusst' (dutiful) to refine your meaning.
记住它
记忆技巧
Imagine a 'GHOST' (Gevissen-haft) who is incredibly 'HAFT' (haft) to the rules of the afterlife, meticulously checking every good and bad deed. This ghost is the ultimate 'conscientious' inspector.
视觉联想
Picture a meticulous librarian carefully cataloging every book, with a halo representing their strong 'conscience' guiding their every move. Or, visualize a surgeon performing a delicate operation with extreme focus and precision, guided by their 'conscientious' commitment to the patient's well-being.
Word Web
挑战
Try to describe a time you or someone you know acted 'gewissenhaft'. Use the word at least three times in your description.
词源
The word 'gewissenhaft' is derived from the German noun 'Gewissen', meaning 'conscience'. The suffix '-haft' is a common German suffix that forms adjectives, often meaning 'having the quality of' or 'characterized by'. Therefore, 'gewissenhaft' literally means 'having the quality of a conscience' or 'characterized by conscience'. This reflects the core meaning of acting according to one's moral principles and sense of right and wrong.
原始含义： Characterized by conscience; guided by one's sense of right and wrong.
Germanic文化背景
The term 'gewissenhaft' is generally positive and respectful. It praises a person's character and work ethic. There are no significant sensitivities associated with its use, unless it is used sarcastically or incorrectly to describe someone who is actually negligent.
In English-speaking cultures, similar concepts are conveyed by words like 'conscientious', 'scrupulous', 'diligent', and 'principled'. The emphasis on thoroughness and ethical conduct aligns well with the meaning of 'gewissenhaft'.
在生活中练习
真实语境
Workplace performance reviews
- Ihre <strong>gewissenhafte</strong> Arbeitsweise wird sehr geschätzt.
- Er zeigte <strong>gewissenhaftes</strong> Engagement.
- Wir suchen Mitarbeiter, die <strong>gewissenhaft</strong> sind.
Academic settings (studying, research)
- Die Studentin war sehr <strong>gewissenhaft</strong> bei ihren Hausaufgaben.
- Eine <strong>gewissenhafte</strong> Recherche ist wichtig.
- Er hat sein Studium <strong>gewissenhaft</strong> abgeschlossen.
Describing personal character traits
- Sie ist eine <strong>gewissenhafte</strong> Person.
- Er ist <strong>gewissenhaft</strong> in allem, was er tut.
- Man sollte <strong>gewissenhaft</strong> handeln.
Professional services (doctors, lawyers, accountants)
- Der Arzt hat den Patienten <strong>gewissenhaft</strong> untersucht.
- Ein <strong>gewissenhafter</strong> Buchhalter ist unerlässlich.
- Der Anwalt ging <strong>gewissenhaft</strong> die Akten durch.
Quality control and precision
- Die <strong>gewissenhafte</strong> Prüfung garantierte die Qualität.
- Die Produktion war <strong>gewissenhaft</strong> und fehlerfrei.
- Eine <strong>gewissenhafte</strong> Kontrolle ist notwendig.
对话开场白
"Wie würdest du jemanden beschreiben, der sehr auf Details achtet und seine Aufgaben immer sorgfältig erledigt?"
"Kannst du ein Beispiel nennen, wo es wichtig ist, gewissenhaft zu sein?"
"Was bedeutet es für dich, gewissenhaft zu arbeiten?"
"Glaubst du, dass gewissenhaftes Arbeiten immer zu Erfolg führt?"
"Wie wichtig ist es im Berufsleben, gewissenhaft zu sein?"
日记主题
Beschreibe eine Situation, in der du dich besonders <strong>gewissenhaft</strong> gefühlt hast. Was hast du getan und warum?
Denke an jemanden, den du als sehr <strong>gewissenhaft</strong> bezeichnen würdest. Welche Eigenschaften machen diese Person aus?
Wenn du ein neues Projekt beginnst, wie gehst du <strong>gewissenhaft</strong> damit um?
Welche Herausforderungen gibt es, wenn man versucht, <strong>gewissenhaft</strong> zu sein, besonders wenn man unter Zeitdruck steht?
Wie kann das Streben nach <strong>gewissenhaftem</strong> Handeln dein Leben oder deine Arbeit verbessern?
常见问题
10 个问题'Sorgfältig' means careful and meticulous, focusing on the precise execution of a task to avoid errors. 'Gewissenhaft' is similar but also implies a deeper sense of moral duty, integrity, and a strong desire to do what is right. Someone who is 'gewissenhaft' is not only careful but also driven by their conscience. For example, a 'sorgfältiger' cook follows a recipe exactly, while a 'gewissenhafter' cook might also consider the health implications of ingredients or the ethical sourcing of produce.
Yes, 'gewissenhaft' is almost always a positive descriptor. It highlights admirable qualities like diligence, responsibility, integrity, and thoroughness. It's a compliment to describe someone as 'gewissenhaft'. It suggests reliability and a strong work ethic.
You can use it as an adjective before a noun (e.g., 'ein gewissenhafter Mitarbeiter' - a conscientious employee) or as a predicate adjective after a linking verb (e.g., 'Der Student ist gewissenhaft' - The student is conscientious). It can also function as an adverb to describe how an action is performed (e.g., 'Er hat die Aufgabe gewissenhaft erledigt' - He completed the task conscientiously).
The noun form is 'Gewissenhaftigkeit', which means 'conscientiousness'. It refers to the quality or state of being conscientious. For example, 'Seine Gewissenhaftigkeit war beeindruckend.' (His conscientiousness was impressive.)
No, 'gewissenhaft' is typically used to describe people or their actions, attitudes, or work. It refers to a quality of character or a way of behaving. You wouldn't say 'a conscientious car' or 'a conscientious table'.
Common mistakes include incorrect adjective endings when used before a noun, confusing it with similar-sounding words like 'gewiss' (certain), or overusing it for tasks that don't require such a high degree of diligence. Always check the grammatical context and the specific nuance you want to convey.
The word is directly derived from 'Gewissen', the German word for conscience. Therefore, 'gewissenhaft' literally means 'having a conscience' or 'acting according to one's conscience'. It implies that a person's actions are guided by a strong sense of morality and what is right.
There isn't a direct verb form like 'to conscientize'. However, the concept is often expressed using verbs like 'gewissenhaft arbeiten' (to work conscientiously) or 'gewissenhaft prüfen' (to check conscientiously).
You would use 'gewissenhaft' when you want to emphasize the ethical or moral drive behind the thoroughness, or when the task involves a significant sense of duty. 'Gründlich' focuses purely on the depth and completeness of the action, regardless of the underlying motivation. For example, a 'gründliche' cleaning might be done just to get it over with, while a 'gewissenhafte' cleaning implies a deeper commitment to order and well-being.
Good synonyms include 'sorgfältig' (careful), 'gründlich' (thorough), 'pflichtbewusst' (dutiful), and 'akribisch' (meticulous). The best choice depends on the specific nuance you wish to convey.
自我测试 10 个问题
/ 10 correct
Perfect score!
Summary
Gewissenhaft describes someone who is extremely careful, thorough, and driven by a strong sense of duty and ethics to do things correctly. It's a highly valued trait in both personal and professional life, indicating reliability and integrity. For example, a <em>gewissenhafter</em> employee will always double-check their work.
- Means very careful and diligent.
- Implies a strong sense of duty and doing what's right.
- Used for people who pay attention to detail.
- A positive trait, often associated with reliability.
Adjective Endings
Remember that 'gewissenhaft' is an adjective and needs correct endings when placed before a noun. For example, 'ein gewissenhafter Lehrer' (nominative, masculine) vs. 'die gewissenhafte Lehrerin' (nominative, feminine).
Context is Key
Use 'gewissenhaft' when describing someone who is not only careful but also driven by a sense of duty or morality. It's a strong positive term, so reserve it for genuinely diligent and responsible individuals.
Stress Pattern
The main stress in 'gewissenhaft' falls on the second syllable: ge-WIS-sen-haft. Practice saying it aloud to get the rhythm correct.
Word Family
Connect 'gewissenhaft' to its root noun 'Gewissen' (conscience). This helps reinforce the meaning of acting according to one's moral compass.
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