شنا 30秒了解
- شنا (shena) means swimming.
- It's a noun for the activity or sport.
- Commonly used with 'کردن' as 'شنا کردن' (to swim).
- Found in contexts like pools, beaches, and sports.
Understanding 'شنا' (Shena)
The Persian word 'شنا' (pronounced 'she-na') is a noun that directly translates to 'swimming'. It refers to the activity or sport of propelling oneself through water. In Persian culture, like in many others, swimming is a popular recreational activity, a competitive sport, and a vital life skill. You'll hear this word used in various contexts, from discussing leisure activities to talking about health benefits or even safety precautions around water bodies.
- Leisure
- People often talk about going for a swim to relax or cool down, especially during hot weather. 'رفتن به استخر برای شنا' (raftan be estakhr barāye shena) means 'going to the pool for swimming'.
- Sport
- As a sport, 'شنا' is practiced competitively in various styles like freestyle, backstroke, and breaststroke. 'مسابقات شنا' (mosābeqāt-e shena) refers to swimming competitions.
- Health and Fitness
- Swimming is highly recommended for its health benefits, as it's a low-impact exercise that works many muscle groups. 'شنا برای سلامتی مفید است' (shena barāye salāmati mofid ast) means 'swimming is beneficial for health'.
- Safety
- Learning to swim is considered essential for water safety. 'یادگیری شنا' (yādgiri-ye shena) means 'learning to swim'.
من عاشق شنا در دریا هستم.
The word 'شنا' is fundamental for anyone wanting to discuss water-related activities in Persian. It's a versatile word that appears in everyday conversations, news reports about sports events, and health advice. Understanding its nuances will greatly enhance your ability to communicate in Persian.
کودکان در حال شنا در استخر هستند.
Whether you are planning a vacation to a beach destination like the Caspian Sea or the Persian Gulf, or simply want to talk about a local swimming pool, 'شنا' will be a word you'll frequently encounter and use. It's a simple yet powerful word that opens up a world of aquatic discussions.
Constructing Sentences with 'شنا'
Using 'شنا' correctly in sentences is straightforward, especially at the A1 level. It functions as a noun, referring to the act of swimming. You'll typically see it used with verbs like 'رفتن' (raftan - to go), 'کردن' (kardan - to do/make, often used in verb phrases), 'یاد گرفتن' (yādgereftan - to learn), or as the subject or object of a sentence describing an activity.
- Simple Subject/Object
- When 'شنا' is the main activity, it can act as the subject or object. For example, 'شنا سالم است' (shena sālem ast) means 'Swimming is healthy'. Here, 'شنا' is the subject.
- With Verbs of Action
- 'شنا کردن' (shena kardan) is a very common verb phrase meaning 'to swim'. This is formed by the noun 'شنا' and the verb 'کردن'. For instance, 'من هر روز شنا میکنم' (man har ruz shena mikonam) means 'I swim every day'.
- Expressing Desire or Ability
- You can express a desire to swim or the ability to swim. 'من میخواهم شنا کنم' (man mikhāham shena konam) means 'I want to swim'. 'او میتواند شنا کند' (u mitavānad shena konad) means 'He/She can swim'.
- Talking about Learning
- When referring to the process of learning, you'll use 'یادگیری شنا' (yādgiri-ye shena - learning to swim). For example, 'کلاس یادگیری شنا' (kelās-e yādgiri-ye shena) means 'swimming lesson'.
آنها به استخر رفتند تا شنا کنند.
The structure 'شنا کردن' is extremely common and will be your go-to phrase for expressing the action of swimming. Remember to conjugate the verb 'کردن' (kardan) according to the subject and tense. For A1 learners, focus on present tense conjugations.
من شنا را دوست دارم.
Real-World Usage of 'شنا'
You will encounter the word 'شنا' (shena) in a multitude of everyday situations in Persian-speaking communities. Its prevalence stems from the universal appeal and necessity of swimming.
- At Swimming Pools and Beaches
- This is the most obvious place. Signs might read 'منطقه شنا' (mantaqe-ye shena - swimming area), or people might say, 'وقت شنا است!' (vaqt-e shena ast! - It's time to swim!). Conversations about enjoying the water, especially during summer holidays, will inevitably involve this word.
- In Sports News and Discussions
- When major swimming competitions like the Olympics are on, or when discussing local swimming clubs, 'شنا' will be frequently mentioned. You might hear, 'تیم ملی شنا' (tim-e melli-ye shena - national swimming team) or 'رکورد شنا' (record-e shena - swimming record).
- Health and Wellness Centers
- Physiotherapists, doctors, and fitness instructors often recommend swimming for rehabilitation or general fitness. They might say, 'شنا یک ورزش عالی برای مفاصل است' (shena yek varzesh-e āli barāye mafāsel ast - swimming is a great exercise for the joints).
- In Educational Settings
- Schools and community centers offer swimming lessons. You'll hear about 'کلاسهای آموزش شنا' (kelās-hā-ye āmuzeš-e shena - swimming training classes) for children and adults.
- In Safety Announcements
- Near lakes, rivers, or the sea, safety warnings might be issued. 'از شنا در این منطقه خودداری کنید' (az shena dar in mantaqe khoḍdāri konid - refrain from swimming in this area) is a common cautionary phrase.
بچهها خیلی دوست دارند شنا کنند.
Essentially, any discussion involving water bodies, physical activity, or recreation is a potential place to hear or use 'شنا'. It's a word deeply embedded in the fabric of daily life for many.
چه زمانی برای شنا مناسب است؟
Avoiding Pitfalls with 'شنا'
While 'شنا' (shena) is a straightforward word, learners might make a few common mistakes, particularly concerning its usage with verbs and in specific grammatical structures. Understanding these can help you sound more natural.
- Confusing 'شنا' with 'شنا کردن'
- 'شنا' is a noun meaning 'swimming'. 'شنا کردن' is the verb phrase meaning 'to swim'. While in English we might say 'Swimming is fun', in Persian, it's more natural to say 'شنا کردن لذتبخش است' (shena kardan lezzat-bakhš ast - to swim is enjoyable) or 'شنا لذتبخش است' (shena lezzat-bakhš ast - swimming is enjoyable). Using 'شنا' alone as a verb is incorrect.
- Incorrect Verb Conjugation with 'کردن'
- When using the common phrase 'شنا کردن', remember to conjugate the verb 'کردن' (kardan) correctly. For example, saying 'من شنا کردم' (man shena kardam) for 'I swam' is correct, but saying 'من شنا کرد' (man shena kard) is incomplete for the first person. Ensure the pronoun agreement is maintained.
- Misplacing 'شنا' in Compound Nouns
- While 'شنا' can be part of compound nouns like 'شناگر' (šenāgar - swimmer), be careful not to arbitrarily place it. For instance, 'شنا مسابقه' (shena mosābeqe) is incorrect; it should be 'مسابقه شنا' (mosābeqe-ye shena - swimming competition), where 'شنا' modifies 'مسابقه'.
- Overuse of 'شنا' as a General Term for Water Activities
- 'شنا' specifically means swimming. If you're talking about other water activities like boating ('قایقرانی' - qāyeq-rāni) or diving ('غواصی' - qavvāsi), do not use 'شنا'. Stick to the specific term for the activity.
اشتباه: من در دریا شنا.
The most crucial point is to remember that 'شنا' is the noun, and 'شنا کردن' is the verb phrase. Mastering this distinction will prevent most common errors for beginners. Pay attention to how native speakers use it in context.
صحیح: من در دریا شنا میکنم.
Exploring Words Related to 'شنا'
While 'شنا' (shena) is the primary word for 'swimming', understanding related terms and alternatives can enrich your Persian vocabulary and help you express yourself more precisely.
- شناگر (šenāgar) - Swimmer
- This is the noun for a person who swims. It's derived directly from 'شنا'. Example: 'او یک شناگر ماهر است' (u yek šenāgar-e māher ast) - He is a skilled swimmer.
- استخر (estakhr) - Swimming Pool
- This is the place where most people swim in urban areas. It's often used in conjunction with 'شنا'. Example: 'میخواهم به استخر بروم و شنا کنم' (mikhāham be estakhr beravam va shena konam) - I want to go to the pool and swim.
- آبتنی (āb-tani) - Bathing/Splashing in Water
- This word refers more generally to bathing or playing in water, which might include some swimming but isn't exclusively about the sport. It's often used for children or casual splashing. Example: 'بچهها در رودخانه آبتنی میکنند' (bačče-hā dar rudkhāne āb-tani mikonand) - The children are bathing/splashing in the river.
- غواصی (qavvāsi) - Diving/Scuba Diving
- This is a distinct activity involving going underwater, often with equipment. It's not swimming, though it takes place in water. Example: 'او عاشق غواصی است' (u āšegh-e qavvāsi ast) - He loves diving.
- ورزشهای آبی (varzesh-hā-ye ābi) - Water Sports
- This is a general term that encompasses swimming along with other activities like water polo, surfing, etc. Example: 'شنا یکی از ورزشهای آبی محبوب است' (shena yeki az varzesh-hā-ye ābi-ye ma'bub ast) - Swimming is one of the popular water sports.
هر روز شنا میکنم.
While 'شنا' is the most direct translation for swimming, understanding these related terms allows for a richer description of activities involving water. 'آبتنی' is a good alternative for casual play in water, while 'غواصی' and 'ورزشهای آبی' refer to different categories of aquatic activities.
او یک شناگر حرفهای است.
How Formal Is It?
趣味小知识
Interestingly, the root of 'شنا' is related to the same root that gives us words like 'دانستن' (dānestan - to know) in Persian and 'gnosis' in Greek. This suggests an ancient connection between the concept of knowing and the skillful act of swimming.
发音指南
- Pronouncing the 'e' sound as a long 'ee' (shee-na).
- Pronouncing the final 'a' as a short 'uh' sound (she-nuh).
- Adding an extra syllable or misplacing the stress.
- Confusing the 'sh' sound with 's'.
- Making the vowel sounds too short or too long.
难度评级
At the A1 level, recognizing 'شنا' in simple texts is straightforward. Texts will likely use basic vocabulary and sentence structures, making it easy to grasp the context of swimming. The word itself is short and common.
Using 'شنا' in simple sentences is easy for A1 learners. They can form basic phrases like 'من شنا دوست دارم' (I like swimming) or 'بیا شنا کنیم' (Let's swim). The main challenge is remembering the noun form and potentially the verb phrase 'شنا کردن'.
Pronouncing 'شنا' and using it in basic greetings or statements like 'من شنا میکنم' (I swim) is achievable for A1 learners. The word is phonetically simple and directly relates to a common activity.
Recognizing the word 'شنا' when spoken in simple, clear sentences is easy for A1 learners, especially in contexts like pools or discussions about summer activities. The pronunciation is not overly complex.
接下来学什么
前置知识
接下来学习
高级
需要掌握的语法
Using the verb phrase 'شنا کردن' (shena kardan - to swim) by combining the noun 'شنا' with the verb 'کردن'.
من شنا میکنم. (man shena mikonam - I swim.)
Forming compound nouns using 'شنا' as the first element, often indicating the type or context of swimming (e.g., 'شنای تفریحی' - recreational swimming).
او شنای تفریحی را ترجیح میدهد. (u shena-ye tafrihi rā tarjih midahad - He prefers recreational swimming.)
Using 'تا' (tā - in order to) to express the purpose of going somewhere for swimming.
ما به استخر رفتیم تا شنا کنیم. (mā be estakhr raftim tā shena konim - We went to the pool to swim.)
Using the verb 'بلد بودن' (balad budan - to know how to) with 'شنا' to express the ability to swim.
فرزندم شنا بلد است. (farzandam shena balad ast - My child knows how to swim.)
Using prepositions like 'در' (dar - in/at) with 'شنا' to specify the location of swimming.
شنا در دریا لذتبخش است. (shena dar daryā lazzat-bakhš ast - Swimming in the sea is enjoyable.)
按水平分级的例句
من شنا را دوست دارم.
I like swimming.
'دوست دارم' (dust dāram) means 'I like'.
بیا برویم شنا.
Let's go swimming.
'بیا برویم' (biyā beravim) means 'Let's go'.
این استخر برای شنا خوب است.
This pool is good for swimming.
'خوب است' (khub ast) means 'is good'.
کودکان در آب شنا میکنند.
The children are swimming in the water.
'شنا میکنند' (shena mikonand) is the present tense verb 'they swim'.
من شنا بلد نیستم.
I don't know how to swim.
'بلد نیستم' (balad nistam) means 'I don't know how to'.
هوای گرم است، وقت شنا است.
The weather is hot, it's time to swim.
'وقت ... است' (vaqt-e ... ast) means 'it's time for...'
او شنا را یاد میگیرد.
He/She is learning to swim.
'یاد میگیرد' (yād migirad) means 'is learning'.
شنا برای سلامتی مفید است.
Swimming is beneficial for health.
'مفید است' (mofid ast) means 'is beneficial'.
من هر هفته به استخر میروم تا شنا کنم.
I go to the pool every week to swim.
'تا ... کنم' (tā ... konam) expresses purpose: 'in order to...'
دیروز در دریا شنا کردیم.
Yesterday we swam in the sea.
Past tense of 'شنا کردن': 'شنا کردیم' (shena kardim) - we swam.
آیا شما شنا بلد هستید؟
Do you know how to swim?
'بلد هستید' (balad hastid) is the polite form of 'do you know how to'.
مسابقه شنا فردا برگزار میشود.
The swimming competition will be held tomorrow.
'برگزار میشود' (bargozār mišavad) is the passive voice for 'will be held'.
شنا کردن یک ورزش عالی است.
Swimming is an excellent sport.
Using the verb phrase 'شنا کردن' as the subject.
لطفاً قبل از شنا دوش بگیرید.
Please take a shower before swimming.
'قبل از' (qabl az) means 'before'.
او یک شناگر بسیار خوب است.
He is a very good swimmer.
'شناگر' (šenāgar) is the noun for 'swimmer'.
در تابستان، خیلیها به کنار دریا میروند تا شنا کنند.
In summer, many people go to the seaside to swim.
Using 'تا' to express purpose in a more complex sentence.
یادگیری شنا در دوران کودکی اهمیت زیادی دارد.
Learning to swim in childhood has great importance.
'اهمیت زیادی دارد' (ahammiyat-e ziyādi dārad) means 'has great importance'.
اگر هوا خوب باشد، امروز عصر شنا خواهیم رفت.
If the weather is good, we will go swimming this afternoon.
Conditional sentence structure using 'اگر' (agar - if) and future tense.
فواید شنا برای سلامت روان نیز اثبات شده است.
The benefits of swimming for mental health have also been proven.
'سلامت روان' (salāmat-e ravān) means 'mental health'.
متأسفانه، او در شنا کردن مهارت کافی ندارد.
Unfortunately, he does not have enough skill in swimming.
'مهارت کافی ندارد' (mahārat-e kāfi nadārad) means 'does not have enough skill'.
شنا در آبهای آزاد نیازمند آمادگی بدنی بالایی است.
Swimming in open waters requires high physical fitness.
'آبهای آزاد' (ābhā-ye āzād) means 'open waters'.
باشگاه ما کلاسهای آموزش شنا برای تمام سنین برگزار میکند.
Our club offers swimming training classes for all ages.
'تمام سنین' (tamām-e senīn) means 'all ages'.
او پس از آسیبدیدگی، شنا را به عنوان بخشی از توانبخشی خود انتخاب کرد.
After the injury, he chose swimming as part of his rehabilitation.
'توانبخشی' (tavānbakhši) means 'rehabilitation'.
برای مسابقات شنای المپیک، ورزشکاران ماهها تمرین میکنند.
For the Olympic swimming competitions, athletes train for months.
'المپیک' (olimpik) is 'Olympic'.
تکنیکهای مختلف شنا، مانند کرال سینه و پروانه، نیازمند قدرت و هماهنگی عضلانی متفاوتی هستند.
Different swimming techniques, such as breaststroke and butterfly, require different muscle strength and coordination.
Introduces specific swimming strokes and more complex vocabulary.
تحقیقات نشان دادهاند که شنا میتواند به بهبود عملکرد ریه و کاهش استرس کمک کند.
Research has shown that swimming can help improve lung function and reduce stress.
Discussing physiological benefits with terms like 'عملکرد ریه' (amalkard-e riye - lung function).
برگزاری رویدادهای شنا در مقیاس بزرگ، چالشهای لجستیکی و امنیتی قابل توجهی را به همراه دارد.
Organizing large-scale swimming events presents significant logistical and security challenges.
Using more formal vocabulary like 'رویدادها' (ruydādhā - events) and 'لجستیکی' (lojistikī - logistical).
تفاوت بین شنای تفریحی و شنای حرفهای در شدت تمرین و اهداف تعیین شده است.
The difference between recreational swimming and professional swimming lies in the intensity of training and the set goals.
Comparing different types of swimming with comparative language.
شنا در آبهای سرد میتواند فواید درمانی داشته باشد، اما خطرات ناشی از هیپوترمی نیز وجود دارد.
Swimming in cold waters can have therapeutic benefits, but there are also risks of hypothermia.
Discussing potential risks and benefits with specialized terms like 'هیپوترمی' (hypothermia).
توسعه زیرساختهای شنا در مناطق محروم، دسترسی به ورزش و تفریح سالم را برای همه فراهم میکند.
Developing swimming infrastructure in deprived areas provides access to healthy sport and recreation for everyone.
Discussing social impact and infrastructure development.
استفاده از تجهیزات مدرن در آموزش شنا، فرآیند یادگیری را برای مبتدیان تسهیل کرده است.
The use of modern equipment in swimming instruction has facilitated the learning process for beginners.
Focusing on pedagogical aspects and modern tools.
منتقدان بر این باورند که جنبه تجاریسازی ورزش شنا، آن را از روح اصلی خود دور کرده است.
Critics believe that the commercialization of the sport of swimming has taken it away from its original spirit.
Expressing critical opinions and discussing commercialization.
انطباق با محیطهای آبی نامتعارف، مانند اقیانوسهای وسیع، نیازمند درک عمیق از هیدرودینامیک و آمادگی روانی است که در شنای استخری یافت نمیشود.
Adapting to unconventional aquatic environments, such as vast oceans, requires a deep understanding of hydrodynamics and psychological preparedness not found in pool swimming.
Uses advanced terminology like 'هیدرودینامیک' (hydrodynamics) and discusses psychological aspects.
تأثیرات بلندمدت شنا بر سلامت اسکلتی-عضلانی، فراتر از تقویت عضلات سطحی، شامل بهبود انعطافپذیری ستون فقرات و کاهش فشارهای وارده به مفاصل است.
The long-term effects of swimming on musculoskeletal health, beyond superficial muscle strengthening, include improved spinal flexibility and reduced joint stress.
Detailed discussion of physiological benefits using specific anatomical and medical terms.
رشد فزاینده ورزشهای آبی افراطی، مانند شنا در یخ یا مسافتهای طولانی در آبهای بسیار سرد، پرسشهای اخلاقی و ایمنی جدیدی را برای جامعه ورزشی مطرح کرده است.
The increasing rise of extreme water sports, such as ice swimming or long-distance swims in very cold waters, has raised new ethical and safety questions for the sporting community.
Addresses ethical considerations and extreme forms of swimming.
شنای همگام، به عنوان نمایشی از هماهنگی بینقص و قدرت بدنی، اغلب به عنوان یکی از زیباترین و هنریترین رشتههای ورزشی در نظر گرفته میشود.
Synchronized swimming, as a display of flawless coordination and physical prowess, is often regarded as one of the most beautiful and artistic sports disciplines.
Describes synchronized swimming with aesthetic and artistic terms.
درک روانشناسی شناگران نخبه، به ویژه در مواجهه با فشار رقابتهای جهانی، میتواند بینشهای ارزشمندی را در مورد تابآوری و تمرکز ارائه دهد.
Understanding the psychology of elite swimmers, especially when facing the pressure of global competitions, can offer valuable insights into resilience and focus.
Explores the psychological aspects of elite performance.
تکنولوژیهای پوشیدنی جدید، امکان پایش دقیق پارامترهای بیومکانیکی در حین شنا را فراهم آوردهاند و به بهینهسازی عملکرد کمک میکنند.
New wearable technologies have enabled precise monitoring of biomechanical parameters during swimming, contributing to performance optimization.
Discusses technological advancements in sports performance analysis.
تأثیرات تغییرات اقلیمی بر اکوسیستمهای آبی، به طور بالقوه میتواند بر امکان و کیفیت شنا در بسیاری از مناطق جهان تأثیر بگذارد.
The impacts of climate change on aquatic ecosystems can potentially affect the feasibility and quality of swimming in many regions of the world.
Connects swimming to broader environmental issues like climate change.
نقد اجتماعی پدیدههای مرتبط با شنا، از جمله کلیشههای جنسیتی در ورزشهای آبی، نیازمند تحلیلهای جامعهشناختی عمیق است.
Social critique of phenomena related to swimming, including gender stereotypes in water sports, requires deep sociological analysis.
Addresses social commentary and gender stereotypes within the context of swimming.
تحلیل تطبیقی استراتژیهای شنا در رشتههای مختلف ورزشی، از جمله شنای مسافت طولانی و شنای استخری، نشاندهنده ضرورت درک عمیق از بیومکانیک و فیزیولوژی ورزشی است.
A comparative analysis of swimming strategies across different sports disciplines, including long-distance swimming and pool swimming, indicates the necessity of a profound understanding of biomechanics and exercise physiology.
Highly specialized vocabulary, comparative analysis, and synthesis of multiple disciplines.
تأثیرات نوروساینتیفیک شنا بر عملکرد شناختی، به ویژه در حوزههایی مانند حافظه و توجه، موضوع تحقیقات پیشرفتهای است که پتانسیلهای درمانی جدیدی را آشکار میسازد.
The neuroscientific effects of swimming on cognitive function, particularly in areas such as memory and attention, are the subject of advanced research that reveals new therapeutic potentials.
Integrates neuroscience and therapeutic applications of swimming.
پدیدارشناسی تجربه شنا در محیطهای طبیعی، فراتر از صرف فعالیت بدنی، به کاوش در ارتباط انسان با طبیعت و حس غوطهوری در آن میپردازد.
The phenomenology of the swimming experience in natural environments, beyond mere physical activity, explores the human connection with nature and the sense of immersion within it.
Philosophical exploration of the subjective experience of swimming.
رشته شنای ماراتن، با چالشهای منحصر به فرد خود در زمینه استقامت، استراتژی تغذیه و مدیریت شرایط محیطی، نیازمند سطحی از آمادگی ذهنی و جسمی است که تنها از طریق تمرینات طاقتفرسا حاصل میشود.
The marathon swimming discipline, with its unique challenges in terms of endurance, nutritional strategy, and management of environmental conditions, requires a level of mental and physical preparedness achievable only through strenuous training.
Detailed analysis of extreme endurance sports and preparation.
تحلیل تطبیقی چارچوبهای قانونگذاری حاکم بر ایمنی استخرها و سواحل در کشورهای مختلف، نشاندهنده تفاوتهای قابل توجه در رویکردها به پیشگیری از حوادث مرتبط با شنا است.
A comparative analysis of regulatory frameworks governing pool and beach safety in different countries reveals significant differences in approaches to preventing swimming-related accidents.
Examines legal and regulatory aspects across different jurisdictions.
نظریههای یادگیری حرکتی، به ویژه در زمینه توسعه مهارتهای شنا، بر نقش بازخورد حسی، تکرار و انطباقپذیری شناختی تأکید دارند.
Motor learning theories, particularly in the context of developing swimming skills, emphasize the role of sensory feedback, repetition, and cognitive adaptability.
Applies learning theories to the acquisition of swimming skills.
پویاییهای اجتماعی و فرهنگی پیرامون شنا، از جمله نقش آن در آیینها و تفریحات عمومی، در طول تاریخ دچار تحولات چشمگیری شده است.
The social and cultural dynamics surrounding swimming, including its role in rituals and public recreation, have undergone significant transformations throughout history.
Historical and anthropological perspective on swimming.
مطالعات میانرشتهای در مورد تأثیر شنا بر سلامت روان، ارتباط بین فعالیت بدنی منظم در آب و کاهش علائم افسردگی و اضطراب را برجسته میکنند.
Interdisciplinary studies on the impact of swimming on mental health highlight the correlation between regular physical activity in water and the reduction of depression and anxiety symptoms.
Interdisciplinary approach, focusing on mental health benefits.
常见搭配
常用短语
— Learning to swim. Refers to the process of acquiring swimming skills.
کلاس یادگیری شنا در تابستان برگزار میشود.
— Swimming competition. An organized event where people race in swimming.
او در مسابقه شنای مدرسه شرکت کرد.
— Swimming in the sea. Specifies the location.
شنا در دریا در فصل تابستان بسیار محبوب است.
— Good swimmer. Describes someone proficient at swimming.
او یک شناگر خوب است و میتواند مسافتهای طولانی را شنا کند.
— Swimming time. Refers to the time allocated or suitable for swimming.
وقت شنا در استخر عمومی از ساعت ۹ صبح شروع میشود.
— Recreational swimming. Swimming for leisure and enjoyment.
بعد از کار، فقط کمی شنای تفریحی میکنم.
— Swimming instruction/training. Refers to lessons or coaching.
آموزش شنا به کودکان از سنین پایین شروع میشود.
容易混淆的词
'آبتنی' refers to bathing or splashing in water, often for fun or cooling down, especially by children. 'شنا' specifically means swimming, the act of propelling oneself through water. While related, 'شنا' implies more deliberate movement and skill.
'غواصی' means diving or scuba diving, which involves going underwater, often with equipment. 'شنا' is about moving on or through the surface of the water. They are distinct activities performed in water.
'شیرجه' means diving, usually from a height into water. It's a specific action distinct from the continuous movement of swimming ('شنا').
习语与表达
— Literally 'water has passed over his head.' This idiom means someone is beyond help or has gone too far, often used in a negative context. While not directly about swimming, it uses water imagery. Example: 'دیگر فایده ندارد، آب از سرش گذشته است.' (It's no use anymore, he's beyond help.)
This idiom implies a situation is so bad that it's like drowning, beyond rescue.
Informal— Literally 'to be a skilled swimmer.' Can be used metaphorically to describe someone who is very adept at navigating difficult situations or complex social dynamics. Example: 'او در سیاست یک شناگر ماهر است.' (He is a skilled swimmer in politics.)
Metaphorically, it means someone who skillfully navigates challenges.
Figurative— Literally 'to drown in water (by swimming).' This isn't a standard idiom but could be used to describe someone who overestimates their abilities and gets into trouble, perhaps by trying to swim too far or too fast. Example: 'فکر میکرد خیلی خوب شنا میکند، اما در آب غرق شد.' (He thought he swam very well, but he drowned in the water.)
Implies overconfidence leading to disaster.
Figurative/Cautionary— Literally 'water becoming water.' This idiom means to change one's location, often implying a move to a different city or region, sometimes for a change of scenery or to escape something. Example: 'برای مدتی آب به آب شدیم.' (We moved for a while.)
While it involves water, it signifies movement and change, not the act of swimming itself.
Informal— Literally 'not letting water fall from his hands and face.' This idiom describes someone who is extremely stingy or miserly. It doesn't directly relate to swimming but uses water imagery to describe a personality trait. Example: 'آنقدر خسیس است که آب از دست و رویش نمیریزد.' (He is so stingy that not a drop of water falls from him.)
Describes extreme parsimony, contrasting with the fluid nature of water.
Figurative— Literally 'to become hotter than the soup pot.' This idiom describes someone who tries too hard to please or is more enthusiastic than necessary, often to the point of being annoying. While not directly related to swimming, the imagery of heat and liquid could be loosely associated with water temperatures.
He's trying too hard to impress, becoming hotter than the soup pot.
Informal— Literally 'to eat on the water.' This idiom refers to something that is temporary, superficial, or lacks a solid foundation; it won't last. Example: 'تمام وعدههایش روی آب بود.' (All his promises were on the water.)
Highlights the ephemeral nature, like something floating on water.
Figurative— Literally 'to be someone's water in hand.' This idiom means to be very helpful or indispensable to someone. Example: 'او در این پروژه آب دست رئیس است.' (He is the boss's water in hand for this project.)
Implies being essential, like providing water, but not about the act of swimming.
Figurative— Literally 'to pound water in a mortar.' This idiom means to do something futile or pointless, a waste of effort. Example: 'تلاشهای او برای متقاعد کردن من، آب در هاون کوبیدن بود.' (His efforts to convince me were like pounding water in a mortar.)
Describes a useless effort, like trying to 'swim' in a mortar.
Figurative— Literally 'a skilled swimmer in the sea of problems.' This is a descriptive phrase, not a fixed idiom, used to praise someone's ability to handle difficult situations effectively. Example: 'او در دریای مشکلات یک شناگر ماهر است.' (He is a skilled swimmer in the sea of problems.)
A vivid metaphor for navigating adversity.
Metaphorical容易混淆
Both involve being in water and enjoying it.
'شنا' (shena) specifically refers to the act of swimming, requiring propulsion through water. 'آبتنی' (āb-tani) is a more general term for bathing, splashing, or playing in water, often without the structured movement of swimming. You can do 'آبتنی' without actually swimming, but 'شنا' is always a form of moving through water.
بچهها در استخر آبتنی میکنند (Children are splashing in the pool) vs. او در استخر شنا میکند (He swims in the pool).
Both are activities performed in water.
'شنا' (shena) is about moving through water, typically on or near the surface. 'غواصی' (qavvāsi) is about descending and moving underwater, often using specialized equipment. While a swimmer might briefly submerge, a diver's primary activity is underwater exploration or activity.
من دوست دارم شنا کنم (I like to swim) vs. او عاشق غواصی در دریای سرخ است (He loves diving in the Red Sea).
Both involve entering water.
'شنا' (shena) is the act of swimming, a continuous movement. 'شیرجه' (širje) is the act of diving, typically from a height or platform into water. It's a single, often athletic, entry into the water, not sustained movement within it.
او در مسابقه شنا اول شد (He came first in the swimming competition) vs. او یک شیرجه عالی زد (He made a great dive).
Directly related to 'شنا'.
'شنا' (shena) is the activity or sport of swimming. 'شناگر' (šenāgar) is the person who performs the activity – the swimmer. One is the action, the other is the actor.
من شنا را دوست دارم (I like swimming) vs. او یک شناگر حرفهای است (He is a professional swimmer).
Strongly associated with swimming.
'شنا' (shena) is the activity. 'استخر' (estakhr) is the place where swimming often occurs – a swimming pool. You go to the 'استخر' to do 'شنا'.
ما برای شنا به استخر رفتیم (We went to the pool for swimming).
句型
من + شنا + را + دوست دارم.
من شنا را دوست دارم.
بیا + شنا + کنیم.
بیا شنا کنیم.
این + [مکان] + برای + شنا + خوب + است.
این استخر برای شنا خوب است.
کودکان + در + [مکان] + شنا + میکنند.
کودکان در آب شنا میکنند.
من + هر + [مدت زمان] + شنا + میکنم.
من هر روز شنا میکنم.
دیروز + ما + در + [مکان] + شنا + کردیم.
دیروز ما در دریا شنا کردیم.
اگر + [شرط] + ، + من + شنا + خواهم + رفت.
اگر هوا خوب باشد، من شنا خواهم رفت.
یادگیری + شنا + اهمیت + دارد.
یادگیری شنا اهمیت زیادی دارد.
词族
名词
动词
相关
如何使用
Very High
-
Using 'شنا' as a verb.
→
Using the phrase 'شنا کردن' (shena kardan) as the verb.
Learners sometimes mistakenly use 'شنا' as a verb, similar to how 'swim' can be a verb in English. However, in Persian, 'شنا' is a noun. The correct verb phrase is 'شنا کردن', where 'کردن' is the verb.
-
Incorrect conjugation of 'کردن' in 'شنا کردن'.
→
Conjugating 'کردن' according to the subject and tense.
Forgetting to conjugate the verb 'کردن' correctly leads to grammatical errors. For example, saying 'من شنا کرد' instead of 'من شنا کردم' (I swam) is incorrect for the first person.
-
Confusing 'شنا' with 'آبتنی' or 'غواصی'.
→
Using 'شنا' for swimming, 'آبتنی' for bathing/splashing, and 'غواصی' for diving.
'شنا' is specifically about moving through water. 'آبتنی' is more about playing in water, and 'غواصی' is about going underwater. These are distinct activities.
-
Incorrect use of compound nouns (e.g., 'شنا مسابقه' instead of 'مسابقه شنا').
→
Using the correct order for compound nouns, where 'شنا' often modifies the preceding noun.
In Persian, the modifier usually comes after the modified noun, often connected by '-e' (ezafe). So, 'مسابقه شنا' (swimming competition) is correct, not 'شنا مسابقه'.
-
Overgeneralizing the use of 'شنا' to all water activities.
→
Using specific terms for different water activities like 'قایقرانی' (boating) or 'شیرجه' (diving).
'شنا' exclusively means swimming. Using it for activities like boating or diving would be incorrect. Precision in vocabulary is key at higher levels.
小贴士
Mastering 'شنا'
Pay attention to the pronunciation of 'شنا' (she-NA). The stress is on the second syllable. Ensure the 'sh' sound is clear, and the final 'a' is a long 'ah' sound, like in 'father'.
Noun vs. Verb Phrase
Remember that 'شنا' is a noun. To express the action of swimming, use the verb phrase 'شنا کردن' (shena kardan). For example, say 'من شنا میکنم' (I swim), not 'من شنا میکنم'.
Related Terms
Expand your vocabulary by learning related words like 'شناگر' (swimmer), 'استخر' (swimming pool), and 'آب' (water). This will help you build more complex sentences.
Common Scenarios
You'll hear 'شنا' used in discussions about summer, holidays, sports, and health. Try to use it in these contexts to practice.
Mnemonic Device
Create a mental image or story. Imagine someone named 'Shenna' who loves to swim. This connection can help you remember the word 'shena' for swimming.
Verb Conjugation
When using 'شنا کردن', always conjugate the verb 'کردن' (kardan) correctly based on the subject and tense. For example, 'من شنا میکنم' (I swim), 'او شنا کرد' (He/She swam).
Active Recall
Try to actively recall the word 'شنا' when you see water or think about sports. Test yourself by trying to form sentences with it.
Cultural Significance
Understand that swimming is a widely enjoyed activity in Persian-speaking cultures, associated with fun, health, and social gatherings.
Distinguishing Similar Words
Be aware of the difference between 'شنا' (swimming), 'آبتنی' (bathing/splashing), and 'غواصی' (diving) to use the correct term for each activity.
Use it in Sentences
Don't just learn the word; use it! Try to create your own sentences about swimming, even simple ones, to reinforce your learning.
记住它
记忆技巧
Imagine a person named 'Shenna' who is an amazing swimmer. When you think of 'Shenna', think of her swimming gracefully. So, 'Shenna' sounds like 'shena', and she swims!
视觉联想
Picture a person with the name 'Shenna' wearing swimming goggles and doing a perfect dive into a sparkling blue swimming pool. The name 'Shenna' helps you remember 'shena' for swimming.
Word Web
挑战
Try to describe your favorite swimming experience using the word 'شنا' and related terms. If you can't swim, describe why you want to learn and what you imagine 'شنا' would be like.
词源
The word 'شنا' (shena) originates from Middle Persian (Pahlavi) 'šnā'. This, in turn, likely derives from Proto-Iranian roots related to 'knowing' or 'awareness'. The connection might imply an awareness or understanding of the water and how to navigate it, or perhaps a skill that is learned and known.
原始含义： Related to 'knowing' or 'awareness'.
Indo-European > Indo-Iranian > Iranian > Western Iranian > Persian文化背景
Swimming attire can be a point of cultural consideration in some parts of Iran, with public pools often having separate times or facilities for men and women, and modest swimwear being preferred or required in certain contexts. However, the act of swimming itself is widely accepted and enjoyed.
In English-speaking cultures, swimming is also a very popular recreational activity and sport, with similar contexts of pools, beaches, and competitive events. The concept and usage of 'swimming' are highly analogous to 'شنا' in Persian.
在生活中练习
真实语境
Discussing leisure activities in summer.
- هوا گرم است، بیا برویم شنا.
- من عاشق شنا در دریا هستم.
- آخر هفتهها معمولاً شنا میکنیم.
Talking about health and fitness.
- شنا برای سلامتی خیلی خوب است.
- پزشک توصیه کرده که شنا کنم.
- ورزش شنا عضلات را قوی میکند.
At a swimming pool.
- بلیت استخر را از کجا بخرم؟
- آیا این استخر برای شنا مناسب است؟
- وقت شنا شروع شد.
Learning a new skill.
- من میخواهم شنا یاد بگیرم.
- کلاس آموزش شنا از کی شروع میشود؟
- شنا بلد بودن یک مهارت مهم است.
Sports discussions.
- او یک شناگر حرفهای است.
- مسابقات شنای المپیک دیدنی بود.
- تیم ملی شنا آماده مسابقه است.
对话开场白
"آیا شما شنا کردن را دوست دارید؟"
"آخرین باری که شنا کردید کی بود؟"
"بهترین مکان برای شنا از نظر شما کجاست؟"
"چه سبک شنایی را بیشتر دوست دارید؟"
"چرا فکر میکنید شنا برای سلامتی مفید است؟"
日记主题
امروز درباره تجربهتان از شنا بنویسید. اگر تا به حال شنا نکردهاید، چرا دوست دارید یاد بگیرید؟
چگونه شنا میتواند به کاهش استرس و بهبود سلامت روان کمک کند؟ ایدههای خود را شرح دهید.
تصور کنید یک مسابقه شنا برگزار میکنید. چه قوانینی خواهید داشت و چگونه آن را جذابتر میکنید؟
چه ارتباطی بین شنا و طبیعت میبینید؟ درباره حس غوطهور شدن در آب بنویسید.
اگر بتوانید یک سبک شنای جدید اختراع کنید، چگونه خواهد بود و چه نامی برای آن انتخاب میکنید؟
常见问题
10 个问题The most common and natural way to say 'to swim' in Persian is using the verb phrase 'شنا کردن' (shena kardan). 'شنا' (shena) is the noun for swimming, and 'کردن' (kardan) means 'to do' or 'to make'. So, 'شنا کردن' literally means 'to do swimming'. For example, 'من شنا میکنم' (man shena mikonam) means 'I swim'.
In Persian, nouns do not have grammatical gender in the way they do in some other languages. Therefore, 'شنا' is neither masculine nor feminine. The verbs and adjectives used with it will agree with the subject performing the action, not with the noun 'شنا' itself.
The word for 'swimming pool' in Persian is 'استخر شنا' (estakhr-e shena). 'استخر' (estakhr) on its own can refer to a pool or reservoir, but 'استخر شنا' specifically denotes a swimming pool. Sometimes, in context, just 'استخر' might be understood as a swimming pool if the conversation is clearly about swimming.
No, 'شنا' is a noun meaning 'swimming'. You cannot use it directly as a verb. To express the action of swimming, you must use the verb phrase 'شنا کردن' (shena kardan). For example, you say 'من شنا میکنم' (I swim), not 'من شنا میکنم'.
You will hear 'شنا' frequently in contexts related to: 1. Leisure and recreation (e.g., 'Let's go swimming'). 2. Sports (e.g., 'swimming competition'). 3. Health and fitness (e.g., 'Swimming is good for your health'). 4. Water safety (e.g., 'Learning to swim is important'). 5. Locations like swimming pools ('استخر شنا') or beaches.
'شنا' (shena) specifically means swimming, the act of moving through water using your body. 'آبتنی' (āb-tani) is a more general term that means bathing, splashing, or playing in water, often for cooling down or fun, especially by children. You can do 'آبتنی' without necessarily swimming, but swimming is a deliberate form of moving through water.
The word for 'swimmer' in Persian is 'شناگر' (šenāgar). It is derived from the noun 'شنا' (shena) by adding the suffix '-گر' (-gar), which denotes the doer of an action.
Yes, swimming is a very popular activity in Iran for recreation, fitness, and sports, especially during the hot summer months. Indoor swimming pools are common and used year-round. Learning to swim is considered an essential life skill.
Some common phrases include: 'شنا کردن' (to swim), 'استخر شنا' (swimming pool), 'یادگیری شنا' (learning to swim), 'شنا بلد بودن' (to know how to swim), and 'مسابقه شنا' (swimming competition).
A simple sentence is: 'من شنا را دوست دارم.' (Man shena rā dust dāram.) This means 'I like swimming.'
自我测试 10 个问题
/ 10 correct
Perfect score!
Summary
شنا (shena) is the Persian word for swimming. It's a noun referring to the activity, often used in the verb phrase 'شنا کردن' (to swim). You'll hear it when people discuss leisure, sports, or water safety.
- شنا (shena) means swimming.
- It's a noun for the activity or sport.
- Commonly used with 'کردن' as 'شنا کردن' (to swim).
- Found in contexts like pools, beaches, and sports.
Mastering 'شنا'
Pay attention to the pronunciation of 'شنا' (she-NA). The stress is on the second syllable. Ensure the 'sh' sound is clear, and the final 'a' is a long 'ah' sound, like in 'father'.
Noun vs. Verb Phrase
Remember that 'شنا' is a noun. To express the action of swimming, use the verb phrase 'شنا کردن' (shena kardan). For example, say 'من شنا میکنم' (I swim), not 'من شنا میکنم'.
Related Terms
Expand your vocabulary by learning related words like 'شناگر' (swimmer), 'استخر' (swimming pool), and 'آب' (water). This will help you build more complex sentences.
Common Scenarios
You'll hear 'شنا' used in discussions about summer, holidays, sports, and health. Try to use it in these contexts to practice.
相关内容
更多sports词汇
آب تنی کردن
B1游泳或沐浴；在水中玩耍。这是一个用于娱乐性水上活动的常用短语。
آبتنی کردن
A2戏水，洗澡。
المپیک
A2奥林匹克运动会是每四年举行一次的世界性综合体育赛事。
امتیاز
A2比赛或考试中的分数或点数。
اسکی
A2滑雪是使用滑雪板在雪地上滑行的运动。
استخر
A1Swimming pool; an artificial basin of water for swimming.
باخت
A1在游戏、比赛或情况中的损失或失败。
باختن
A2输掉比赛或竞赛。
باشگاه
A2人们去锻炼或进行体育运动的地方。它也可以指像足球俱乐部这样的职业运动队。
بازنده
A1失败者，输掉比赛或竞争的人或团队。
