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波斯语
词汇
تفاهم داشتن

B1 verb 11分钟阅读

تفاهم داشتن

开始练习例句笔记与提示 تفاهم داشتن 30秒了解

解析 تفاهم داشتن in your Level:

At the A1 level, you are just starting to learn how to describe people and relationships. 'Tafāhom dāshtan' might seem a bit long, but you can think of it as a way to say 'we are friends' or 'we get along.' Focus on the simple present form: 'Mā tafāhom dārīm.' You can use it to talk about your best friend or your brother. It is a positive word that shows you are happy with someone. At this stage, don't worry about the complex Arabic roots. Just remember that 'tafāhom' means 'understanding' and 'dāshtan' means 'to have.' If you use this word, Persian speakers will be very impressed with your vocabulary because it sounds more advanced than just saying 'we are good.' Try to use it with the word 'bā' (with). For example, 'Man bā mādaram tafāhom dāram' (I have understanding with my mother). This shows a very basic but important connection between people.

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At the A2 level, you can begin to use 'tafāhom dāshtan' to describe family dynamics and simple work relationships. You should be able to conjugate the verb 'dāshtan' in both the present and simple past. For example, 'Mā dar gozashte tafāhom dāshtīm' (We had understanding in the past). You are also learning how to negate verbs, so 'tafāhom nadārīm' (we don't have understanding) becomes a useful phrase to explain why two people might be arguing. You can start to add simple reasons: 'Mā tafāhom nadārīm chon u xeyli harf mizanad' (We don't have understanding because he talks a lot). This level is about connecting the state of 'tafāhom' to everyday activities and personality traits. It is also a good time to learn the question form: 'Āyā shomā bā ham tafāhom dārīd?' This is a common way to ask if two people are compatible.

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At the B1 level, you are expected to handle more complex social situations. 'Tafāhom dāshtan' is a key verb for discussing compatibility in friendships and romantic relationships. You should understand the nuance between this word and 'tavāfogh' (agreement). You can now use adverbs to qualify the understanding, such as 'tafāhom-e nesbi' (relative understanding) or 'tafāhom-e kāmel' (complete understanding). You might use it in a job interview to describe your teamwork skills: 'Man hamishe say mikonam bā hamkārānam tafāhom dāshte bāsham' (I always try to have understanding with my colleagues). At this stage, you should also be familiar with the noun form 'adam-e tafāhom' (lack of understanding) and be able to use it in sentences describing problems or conflicts. This level marks the transition from using the word as a simple label to using it as a tool for detailed social description.

At the B2 level, you can use 'tafāhom dāshtan' in more abstract and professional contexts. You should be comfortable using it to discuss social issues, political negotiations, or literary themes. You can explain the importance of 'tafāhom' in a functioning democracy or a healthy corporate culture. Your grammar should be precise, including the use of the subjunctive mood: 'Mohem ast ke har do taraf tafāhom dāshte bāshand' (It is important that both sides have understanding). You can also start to recognize the word in formal documents like 'tafāhom-nāmeh' (Memorandum of Understanding). At this level, you understand that 'tafāhom' is not just a feeling but a process of communication. You can engage in debates about whether 'tafāhom' is necessary for a relationship to survive or if 'sāzesh' (compromise) is more practical.

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At the C1 level, you have a deep understanding of the cultural and philosophical implications of 'tafāhom dāshtan.' You can discuss the etymology of the word and how the reciprocal 'tafa'ul' pattern in Arabic-Persian grammar reinforces the idea of mutuality. You can use the word in academic essays or formal speeches. You might analyze a film or a book by focusing on the 'adam-e tafāhom' between characters as a central conflict. You are also aware of more poetic or archaic synonyms and can choose the most appropriate one for a specific register. Your usage of the word is indistinguishable from a native speaker, including the correct use of prepositions, complex tenses, and idiomatic expressions. You can discuss 'tafāhom' as a conceptual framework for conflict resolution and peace-building.

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At the C2 level, you master the full spectrum of 'tafāhom dāshtan,' from its most colloquial uses to its most technical applications in law and diplomacy. You can appreciate the subtle irony or sarcasm when the word is used in a cynical way. You can write sophisticated critiques of social structures that prevent 'tafāhom' between different classes or ethnicities. You understand the historical evolution of the term in Persian discourse and its relationship to other concepts like 'erfān' (mysticism) or 'manteg' (logic). You can use the term to facilitate high-level discussions, acting as a mediator who can identify where 'tafāhom' exists and where it is lacking. Your command of the word reflects a profound integration into the Persian-speaking world's intellectual and emotional life.

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开始练习例句笔记与提示

تفاهم داشتن 30秒了解

A compound verb meaning 'to have mutual understanding' or 'to be in harmony' with others.
Commonly used in personal, professional, and diplomatic contexts to describe compatibility and consensus.
Requires the preposition 'bā' (with) and uses the auxiliary verb 'dāshtan' for conjugation.
A culturally significant term in Iran, especially when evaluating the health of marriages and partnerships.

The Persian compound verb تفاهم داشتن (tafāhom dāshtan) is a sophisticated and essential term used to describe the state of mutual understanding, harmony, and agreement between two or more parties. It is not merely about agreeing on a specific fact; rather, it refers to a deeper alignment of perspectives, values, and temperaments. In the social fabric of Iran, having tafāhom is considered the bedrock of any successful relationship, whether it be a marriage, a business partnership, or a long-lasting friendship. The word tafāhom itself comes from the Arabic root 'f-h-m' (understanding), placed into a grammatical pattern that implies reciprocity. Therefore, the verb literally translates to 'to have mutual understanding.'

Social Context: It is most frequently used when discussing the compatibility of couples or the success of diplomatic negotiations.

خوشبختانه من و همسرم در زندگی تفاهم داریم.
(Fortunately, my spouse and I have mutual understanding in life.)

Understanding this word requires recognizing the cultural emphasis on 'bā-ham-sāz-būdan' (being in tune with one another). In a collectivist society like Iran, the ability to maintain tafāhom is often prioritized over individual ego. When someone says 'mā tafāhom nadārīm' (we don't have understanding), it is a serious statement often signaling the end of a collaboration or a significant conflict in a relationship. It suggests that the very foundation of communication has broken down.

Formal Usage: In legal or official documents, you might see 'yāddāsht-e tafāhom' which means a 'Memorandum of Understanding' (MoU).

دو کشور برای همکاری‌های اقتصادی تفاهم داشتند.
(The two countries had a mutual understanding for economic cooperation.)

Psychologically, tafāhom involves empathy. It is the ability to see the world through another's eyes and accept their logic even if you don't fully adopt it as your own. This is why the word is so prevalent in psychological and self-help literature in Persian. It represents a goal of emotional intelligence.

Negative Form: The phrase 'عدم تفاهم' (lack of understanding) is a common noun phrase used in divorce courts and corporate disputes.

علت جدایی آن‌ها عدم تفاهم بود.
(The reason for their separation was a lack of mutual understanding.)

آیا شما با همکارانتان تفاهم دارید؟
(Do you have a mutual understanding with your colleagues?)

In summary, tafāhom dāshtan is a bridge between two minds. It indicates a level of maturity where differences are managed through a shared framework of respect and comprehension. For a learner, mastering this word opens up the ability to discuss complex human dynamics in a way that sounds natural and culturally aware.

Using tafāhom dāshtan correctly involves understanding its structure as a compound verb. It consists of the noun tafāhom (mutual understanding) and the auxiliary verb dāshtan (to have). Because dāshtan is an irregular verb in the present tense (stem: dār-), you must be careful with conjugations. The most common sentence structure is: [Subject] + [Prepositional Phrase with 'bā'] + [tafāhom] + [conjugated form of dāshtan]. For example, 'Man bā u tafāhom dāram' (I have understanding with him/her).

Present Tense: Used to describe a current state of harmony. 'Mā bā ham tafāhom dārīm' (We have understanding with each other).

آن‌ها در مورد مسائل مالی تفاهم دارند.
(They have mutual understanding regarding financial issues.)

In the past tense, the stem of dāshtan is dāsht-. You would use this to describe a relationship that was harmonious in the past. 'Mā ghablan tafāhom dāshtīm' (We used to have understanding). This is often used when reflecting on why things changed. It is also important to note that the word 'tafāhom' remains static; only 'dāshtan' changes its form to indicate person, number, and tense.

Future Tense: Using 'khāhad' + short infinitive: 'Mā tafāhom khāhīm dāsht' (We will have understanding).

امیدوارم در آینده با هم تفاهم داشته باشیم.
(I hope we have mutual understanding in the future.)

When asking questions, you can simply change your intonation or use the particle 'āyā'. For example: 'Āyā shomā bā xānevāde-ye ham-sar-etān tafāhom dārīd?' (Do you have mutual understanding with your spouse's family?). This is a common question in social contexts where family dynamics are discussed. The response usually involves a degree of 'tafāhom'.

Subjunctive Mood: Used after verbs of wanting or necessity: 'Lāzem ast ke bā ham tafāhom dāshte bāshīd' (It is necessary that you have understanding with each other).

برای موفقیت در پروژه، باید با تیم تفاهم داشته باشیم.
(To succeed in the project, we must have understanding with the team.)

Finally, the verb can be used with adverbs like 'kāmel' (complete) or 'nesbi' (relative) to quantify the level of understanding. 'Mā tafāhom-e kāmel dārīm' (We have complete understanding). This adds nuance to your descriptions of relationships and allows for more precise communication in both personal and professional settings.

The word tafāhom dāshtan is ubiquitous in Iranian life, appearing in settings ranging from intimate family gatherings to high-stakes political broadcasts. If you are watching a Persian soap opera (serial), you will almost certainly hear it during scenes where a couple is discussing their future or a conflict. It is the 'go-to' word for describing the health of a romantic relationship. Iranians place high value on 'tafāhom' as a prerequisite for marriage, often more so than 'love' (eshgh) in the initial stages of matchmaking.

In Media: News anchors use it when reporting on international treaties or the outcome of diplomatic summits.

طرفین در مورد بندهای قرارداد تفاهم داشتند.
(The parties had a mutual understanding regarding the clauses of the contract.)

In professional environments, during performance reviews or team meetings, a manager might ask if there is tafāhom between team members. It signifies a lack of friction and a smooth workflow. If you are working in an Iranian company, hearing this word is a sign that the social dynamics are being analyzed. It is also common in educational settings, where a teacher might seek tafāhom with students regarding the curriculum or exam dates.

In Literature: Modern Persian literature often explores the tragedy of 'adam-e tafāhom' (lack of understanding) between generations.

نسل جدید و قدیم با هم تفاهم ندارند.
(The new and old generations do not have mutual understanding.)

You will also encounter it in the title of documents. A 'Tafāhom-nāmeh' is a formal written agreement or a memorandum of understanding. If you are involved in business in Iran, you might be asked to sign one before a formal contract is drawn up. This highlights the word's transition from a personal feeling to a professional instrument. Even in sports, a coach might comment on the 'tafāhom' (chemistry) between players on the field.

Daily Life: When friends are deciding on a movie or a restaurant, one might say 'khob, pas tafāhom dārīm' (okay, so we have an agreement/understanding).

ما بالاخره سر ساعت ملاقات تفاهم داشتیم.
(We finally had an understanding about the meeting time.)

In essence, tafāhom dāshtan is the linguistic glue of Iranian social interaction. Whether you are browsing a Persian bookstore, listening to a podcast on mental health, or negotiating a deal in the bazaar, this word serves as a vital indicator of the quality of human connection and consensus.

One of the most frequent mistakes English speakers make when using tafāhom dāshtan is confusing it with the simple verb 'fahmīdan' (to understand). While fahmīdan is a cognitive process of grasping a fact (e.g., 'I understand this math problem'), tafāhom dāshtan is a relational state (e.g., 'We understand each other's needs'). You cannot use tafāhom dāshtan to say you understand a sentence or a lecture. It is strictly for mutual agreement or interpersonal harmony.

Preposition Error: Using 'be' (to) instead of 'bā' (with). Correct: 'Bā u tafāhom dāram'. Incorrect: 'Be u tafāhom dāram'.

اشتباه: من او را تفاهم دارم.
(Incorrect: I understand him [using tafāhom dāshtan incorrectly as a direct object verb].)

Another common error is the word order. Because it is a compound verb, the noun 'tafāhom' must stay close to 'dāshtan'. Learners sometimes try to insert other words between them, which can sound unnatural. For instance, putting the adverb before 'tafāhom' is generally better than putting it between 'tafāhom' and 'dāshtan'. Say 'kāmelan tafāhom dārīm' rather than 'tafāhom kāmelan dārīm'.

Conjugation of Dāshtan: Mistaking the present stem 'dār-' for the past stem 'dāsht-'. 'Mā tafāhom dāshtīm' means we *had* it, not we *have* it.

درست: ما با هم تفاهم داریم.
(Correct: We have mutual understanding with each other.)

A subtle mistake is using 'tafāhom dāshtan' for simple one-way understanding. If you want to say 'I understand your point,' use 'motevajjeh misham' or 'mifahmam.' Using 'tafāhom dāshtan' implies that the other person also understands you and you are both on the same page. It is a two-way street. Using it for a one-way realization sounds slightly odd to native ears.

Number Agreement: Ensure the verb 'dāshtan' matches the subject. 'Man tafāhom dāram' vs 'Mā tafāhom dārīm'.

اشتباه: آن‌ها تفاهم دارد.
(Incorrect: They has understanding [wrong plural agreement].)

Lastly, be careful with the word 'mote-fāhem' (understanding - adjective). While related, 'tafāhom dāshtan' is the standard way to express the verb. Some learners try to say 'man mote-fāhem hastam' which is grammatically possible but much less common than the compound verb form. Stick to 'tafāhom dāshtan' to sound more like a native speaker.

Persian is rich with words describing agreement and social harmony. While tafāhom dāshtan is the most balanced and common term, several alternatives exist depending on the level of formality and the specific type of agreement being described. Understanding these nuances will help you choose the right word for the right situation.

توافق داشتن (Tavāfogh Dāshtan): This means 'to have agreement.' It is more transactional and specific than tafāhom. You have tavāfogh on a price or a contract, while you have tafāhom with a person's soul or mind.

ما روی قیمت خانه توافق داشتیم.
(We had an agreement on the house price.)

Another similar phrase is ham-fekr būdan (to be like-minded). This is slightly more informal and focuses on having the same thoughts or opinions. It is a great alternative when talking to friends about shared interests or political views. Sāzegārī (compatibility) is another noun often used in the context of marriage, focusing on how well two personalities fit together over the long term.

درک متقابل (Dark-e Motaghābel): Literally 'mutual perception/understanding.' This is a more formal, almost academic way to say tafāhom. It is often used in psychology or high-level social analysis.

جامعه نیازمند درک متقابل است.
(Society is in need of mutual understanding.)

In a more negative or reluctant sense, you might hear sāzesh kardan (to compromise). While tafāhom implies a natural harmony, sāzesh suggests that both parties had to give something up to reach a middle ground. It is important to distinguish between 'we understand each other' (tafāhom) and 'we compromised' (sāzesh).

هم‌دلی (Ham-deli): This means 'empathy' or 'sharing the same heart.' It is more emotional and less intellectual than tafāhom. You might have ham-deli with someone who is suffering.

او با من هم‌دلی کرد.
(He empathized with me.)

By knowing these alternatives, you can navigate Persian social life with greater precision. Tafāhom dāshtan remains your best all-purpose verb for harmony, but terms like tavāfogh (agreement) and ham-fekri (like-mindedness) add essential color to your vocabulary.

How Formal Is It?

正式

"طرفین متعاهد بر سر مفاد قرارداد تفاهم کامل داشتند."

中性

"من و همسرم در زندگی تفاهم داریم."

非正式

"ما خیلی با هم تفاهم داریم، مگه نه؟"

Child friendly

"بچه‌ها باید با هم تفاهم داشته باشن و دعوا نکنن."

俚语

"ما تفاهممون بدجور بالاست!"

趣味小知识

The 'Tafā'ul' pattern is very common in Persian for words describing mutual actions, like 'tashābok' (similarity) or 'tazād' (contradiction). It always implies that more than one person is involved.

发音指南

UK /tæfæhʊm dɒːstæn/

US /tæfæhʊm dɑːstæn/

The stress in 'tafāhom' is on the last syllable '-hom'. In 'dāshtan', it is on the first syllable 'dāsh-'.

押韵词

تداوم (tadāvom) تراکم (tarākom) تبسم (tabassom) تلاطم (talātom) تکلم (takallom) ترنم (tarannom) تجسم (tajassom) تفاخر (tafākhor - near rhyme)

常见错误

Pronouncing 'fā' like 'fa' in 'fat'. It should be long like 'fa' in 'father'.
Stress on the first syllable of 'tafāhom'.
Ignoring the 'h' in 'tafāhom'. It should be audible.
Merging 'tafāhom' and 'dāshtan' into one word without a pause.
Mispronouncing the 'kh' sound if they confuse it with other verbs (though 'dāshtan' has no 'kh').

难度评级

阅读 3/5

The word 'tafāhom' is easy to recognize once you know the Arabic pattern, but compound verbs require attention.

写作 4/5

Correct spelling of 'tafāhom' (with 'h' and 'm') and conjugation of 'dāshtan' can be tricky for beginners.

口语 3/5

Pronunciation is rhythmic and satisfying, but remember the 'bā' preposition.

听力 2/5

It is a distinct-sounding word that stands out in conversation.

接下来学什么

前置知识

داشتن فهمیدن با هم دوست

接下来学习

توافق کردن سازگاری درک کردن همدلی اختلاف

高级

وفاق ملی مفاهمه تقابل پارادایم مشترک intersubjectivity

需要掌握的语法

Compound Verbs with 'Dāshtan'

تفاهم داشتن، دوست داشتن، اطلاع داشتن

The Preposition 'bā' for Reciprocity

من با او تفاهم دارم.

Subjunctive Mood with 'Bāyad'

ما باید تفاهم داشته باشیم.

Negation of 'Dāshtan'

تفاهم ندارم (Not ناتفاهم دارم).

Arabic Patterns in Persian (Tafā'ul)

تفاهم، تضاد، تفاوت

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按水平分级的例句

من و دوستم تفاهم داریم.

My friend and I have understanding.

Simple present tense with 'mā' (implied).

آیا شما با برادرتان تفاهم دارید؟

Do you have understanding with your brother?

Question form using 'āyā'.

ما در بازی تفاهم داریم.

We have understanding in the game.

Using a prepositional phrase 'dar bāzi'.

آن‌ها با هم تفاهم ندارند.

They do not have understanding with each other.

Negative form 'nadārand'.

من با گربه‌ام تفاهم دارم!

I have understanding with my cat!

Informal usage.

پدر و مادرم تفاهم دارند.

My father and mother have understanding.

Third person plural.

ما همیشه تفاهم داریم.

We always have understanding.

Using the adverb 'hamishe'.

تفاهم داشتن خوب است.

Having understanding is good.

Infinitive phrase as a subject.

ما دیروز با هم تفاهم داشتیم.

We had understanding with each other yesterday.

Simple past tense.

چرا با هم تفاهم ندارید؟

Why don't you have understanding with each other?

Using the question word 'cherā'.

من فکر می‌کنم ما تفاهم داریم.

I think we have understanding.

Using the verb 'fekr kardan'.

آن‌ها برای خرید خانه تفاهم داشتند.

They had understanding for buying a house.

Past tense with a purpose.

ما در انتخاب رنگ تفاهم نداریم.

We don't have understanding in choosing the color.

Specific context 'dar entexāb-e rang'.

آیا در مدرسه با معلمان تفاهم دارید؟

Do you have understanding with teachers at school?

Formal social context.

ما سعی می‌کنیم تفاهم داشته باشیم.

We try to have understanding.

Using 'say kardan' with subjunctive.

تفاهم داشتن در خانواده مهم است.

Having understanding in the family is important.

General statement.

برای یک ازدواج موفق، تفاهم داشتن ضروری است.

For a successful marriage, having understanding is essential.

Using 'zarūrī' (essential).

مدیر و کارمندان باید با هم تفاهم داشته باشند.

The manager and employees must have understanding with each other.

Using 'bāyad' (must) with subjunctive.

ما در اکثر مسائل با هم تفاهم داریم.

We have understanding with each other on most issues.

Using 'dar aksar-e masā'el'.

عدم تفاهم باعث مشکلات زیادی می‌شود.

Lack of understanding causes many problems.

Noun phrase 'adam-e tafāhom'.

امیدوارم بتوانیم به یک تفاهم مشترک برسیم.

I hope we can reach a common understanding.

Using 'residan' (to reach).

آن‌ها علی‌رغم تفاوت‌ها، با هم تفاهم دارند.

Despite the differences, they have understanding with each other.

Using 'ali-raghm-e' (despite).

آیا شما در مورد تربیت فرزندان تفاهم دارید؟

Do you have understanding regarding raising children?

Complex social topic.

ما بعد از ساعت‌ها بحث، تفاهم پیدا کردیم.

After hours of discussion, we found understanding.

Using 'peydā kardan' as a variant.

تفاهم داشتن بین احزاب سیاسی برای ثبات کشور لازم است.

Having understanding between political parties is necessary for the country's stability.

Political context.

این تفاهم‌نامه نشان‌دهنده تفاهم داشتن دو شرکت است.

This MoU indicates the mutual understanding of the two companies.

Professional/Legal context.

بدون تفاهم داشتن، هیچ پروژه‌ای به نتیجه نمی‌رسد.

Without having understanding, no project reaches a result.

Conditional sense with 'bedūn-e'.

ما باید بر سر جزئیات قرارداد تفاهم داشته باشیم.

We must have understanding over the details of the contract.

Using 'bar sar-e' (over/on).

تفاهم داشتن به معنای چشم‌پوشی از عقاید خود نیست.

Having understanding does not mean ignoring one's own beliefs.

Philosophical definition.

آن‌ها در مورد نحوه اجرای طرح تفاهم کامل داشتند.

They had complete understanding regarding the method of implementing the plan.

Using 'kāmel' as an adjective.

آیا دولت و ملت با هم تفاهم دارند؟

Do the government and the nation have understanding with each other?

Sociopolitical question.

تفاهم داشتن مهارتی است که باید آموخت.

Having understanding is a skill that must be learned.

Abstract concept.

فقدان تفاهم در جوامع مدرن منجر به انزوا می‌شود.

The lack of understanding in modern societies leads to isolation.

High-level vocabulary 'faghdān' (lack).

تفاهم داشتن مستلزم گوش دادن فعال و همدلی است.

Having understanding requires active listening and empathy.

Using 'mostalzem' (requires).

نویسنده در این کتاب به بررسی عدم تفاهم میان نسل‌ها می‌پردازد.

In this book, the author examines the lack of understanding between generations.

Literary analysis.

رسیدن به تفاهم در مسائل اعتقادی بسیار دشوار است.

Reaching understanding in ideological issues is very difficult.

Abstract ideological context.

تفاهم داشتن فراتر از یک توافق ساده است؛ این یک پیوند روحی است.

Having understanding is beyond a simple agreement; it is a spiritual bond.

Philosophical nuance.

دیپلماسی ابزاری برای ایجاد تفاهم بین ملت‌هاست.

Diplomacy is a tool for creating understanding between nations.

Formal definition.

ما باید بستری برای تفاهم بیشتر فراهم کنیم.

We must provide a platform for greater understanding.

Using 'bastar' (platform/context).

تفاهم داشتن در گرو شناخت عمیق از طرف مقابل است.

Having understanding depends on a deep knowledge of the other party.

Using 'dar gerow-e' (depends on).

تفاهم داشتن پارادایمی است که روابط انسانی را بازتعریف می‌کند.

Having understanding is a paradigm that redefines human relationships.

Academic/Philosophical register.

تجلی تفاهم در هنر، پلی میان فرهنگ‌های بیگانه می‌سازد.

The manifestation of understanding in art builds a bridge between alien cultures.

Poetic/Formal vocabulary.

عدم تفاهم ساختاری می‌تواند به فروپاشی سازمان‌ها بینجامد.

Structural lack of understanding can lead to the collapse of organizations.

Organizational theory.

تفاهم داشتن در ساحت اندیشه نیازمند سعه صدر است.

Having understanding in the realm of thought requires broad-mindedness.

Using 'sa'at-e sadr' (broad-mindedness).

گفتمان غالب باید بر پایه تفاهم و مدارا بنا شود.

The dominant discourse must be built on the basis of understanding and tolerance.

Sociological terminology.

تفاهم داشتن، غایتِ نهایی هر فرآیند ارتباطی است.

Having understanding is the ultimate goal of any communication process.

Using 'ghāyat' (ultimate goal).

پیچیدگی‌های زبانی گاه مانعی بر سر راه تفاهم هستند.

Linguistic complexities are sometimes an obstacle in the way of understanding.

Linguistic analysis.

تفاهم داشتن یعنی پذیرش کثرت در عین وحدت.

Having understanding means accepting plurality while maintaining unity.

Paradoxical philosophical statement.

常见搭配

تفاهم کامل

تفاهم نسبی

تفاهم اخلاقی

تفاهم فکری

رسیدن به تفاهم

ایجاد تفاهم

تفاهم دوجانبه

فقدان تفاهم

تفاهم فرهنگی

تفاهم‌نامه امضا کردن

常用短语

با هم تفاهم داشتن

— To have understanding with each other. The most standard form.

ما با هم تفاهم داریم.

تفاهم نداشتن

— To not have understanding. Used to describe conflict.

متأسفانه ما تفاهم نداریم.

به تفاهم رسیدن

— To reach an understanding after negotiation.

پس از بحث طولانی، به تفاهم رسیدیم.

تفاهم فکری داشتن

— To be intellectually compatible.

آن‌ها تفاهم فکری زیادی دارند.

تفاهم اخلاقی داشتن

— To have similar moral values and character.

تفاهم اخلاقی اساس زندگی است.

تفاهم متقابل

— Mutual understanding. Often used as a noun phrase.

تفاهم متقابل برای صلح لازم است.

تفاهم‌نامه

— Memorandum of Understanding (MoU).

تفاهم‌نامه همکاری امضا شد.

ایجاد فضای تفاهم

— Creating an atmosphere of understanding.

باید فضای تفاهم ایجاد کنیم.

بر سر چیزی تفاهم داشتن

— To have understanding about a specific thing.

ما بر سر زمان جلسه تفاهم داریم.

تفاهم قلبی

— Heartfelt or deep emotional understanding.

آن‌ها تفاهم قلبی دارند.

容易混淆的词

تفاهم داشتن vs فهمیدن (fahmīdan)

Fahmīdan is to grasp a fact; tafāhom dāshtan is to be in harmony with someone.

تفاهم داشتن vs توافق کردن (tavāfogh kardan)

Tavāfogh is more about a specific deal or compromise; tafāhom is about general understanding.

تفاهم داشتن vs سوءتفاهم (su-e-tafāhom)

This means 'misunderstanding'. It is the opposite state, but a different noun.

习语与表达

"حرف هم را فهمیدن"

— To understand each other's words/logic deeply. Similar to 'being on the same wavelength.'

ما خوب حرف هم را می‌فهمیم.

Informal

"با هم جفت و جور بودن"

— To be perfectly matched or compatible.

این دو نفر با هم خیلی جفت و جور هستند.

Slang/Informal

"هم‌ساز بودن"

— To be in tune with one another like musical instruments.

روح آن‌ها با هم هم‌ساز است.

Literary

"یک روح در دو بدن"

— One soul in two bodies. Extreme version of tafāhom.

آن‌ها مثل یک روح در دو بدن هستند.

Poetic

"آبشان در یک جوی نمی‌رود"

— Their water doesn't flow in the same stream (they don't get along/have no tafāhom).

آب من و او در یک جوی نمی‌رود.

Idiomatic

"هم‌پیاله بودن"

— To be close companions (literally: sharing the same cup).

آن‌ها سال‌هاست که هم‌پیاله هستند.

Informal

"زبان هم را بلد بودن"

— To know each other's language (metaphorically).

ما زبان هم را بلدیم.

Neutral

"روی یک دنده بودن"

— To be stubborn/on the same gear (can be positive if both are aligned).

هر دو روی یک دنده هستند و تفاهم دارند.

Informal

"دل به دل راه داشتن"

— Heart finds a way to heart (mutual feeling/understanding).

می‌دانم مرا می‌بخشی، چون دل به دل راه دارد.

Poetic/Common

"هم‌سفره بودن"

— To share the same table/life. Implies a deep bond of understanding.

ما سال‌هاست هم‌سفره هستیم.

Neutral

容易混淆

تفاهم داشتن vs فهم

Root word.

'Fahm' is the noun for intellect; 'tafāhom' is mutual understanding.

او فهم زیادی دارد.

تفاهم داشتن vs تفاوت

Sounds similar.

'Tafāvot' means difference; 'tafāhom' means understanding.

ما با هم تفاوت داریم.

تفاهم داشتن vs تفاخر

Arabic pattern.

'Tafākhor' means boasting; 'tafāhom' means understanding.

او اهل تفاخر است.

تفاهم داشتن vs تفاهم‌نامه

Related noun.

The document itself, not the act of having understanding.

تفاهم‌نامه را امضا کردیم.

تفاهم داشتن vs متوجه شدن

Synonym for understand.

To realize or notice something suddenly.

متوجه شدم که دیر شده است.

句型

[Subject] bā [Person] tafāhom dārad.

سارا با علی تفاهم دارد.

Āyā [Subject] bā [Person] tafāhom dārīd?

آیا شما با هم تفاهم دارید؟

[Subject] bāyad bā [Person] tafāhom dāshte bāshad.

تیم باید با هم تفاهم داشته باشد.

[Subject] bar sar-e [Issue] tafāhom dārand.

آن‌ها بر سر قیمت تفاهم دارند.

Adam-e tafāhom bā'es-e [Consequence] shod.

عدم تفاهم باعث جدایی شد.

Tafāhom dāshtan dar saht-e [Abstract]...

تفاهم داشتن در ساحت اندیشه ضروری است.

Mā tafāhom-e [Adjective] dārīm.

ما تفاهم اخلاقی داریم.

Be tafāhom residan dar [Context].

رسیدن به تفاهم در مذاکرات.

词族

名词

动词

形容词

如何使用

frequency

Very high in both spoken and written Persian.

常见错误

من او را تفاهم دارم. → من با او تفاهم دارم.
You must use the preposition 'bā' (with), not the direct object marker 'rā'.
ما تفاهم هستیم. → ما تفاهم داریم.
You 'have' understanding, you are not 'being' understanding in this specific verb structure.
تفاهم کردن → تفاهم داشتن
'Tafāhom kardan' is sometimes used but 'dāshtan' is much more common for the state of understanding.
من تفاهم فهمیدم. → من متوجه شدم / فهمیدم.
Don't mix 'tafāhom' (noun) with 'fahmīdan' (verb) for simple understanding of facts.
تفاهم با قیمت → توافق بر سر قیمت
Use 'tavāfogh' for prices/deals, not 'tafāhom'.

小贴士

Preposition 'bā'

Always remember 'bā' (with). 'Man bā u tafāhom dāram.' Using 'be' or 'rā' is a common mistake.

Relationship Health

In Iran, 'tafāhom' is the keyword for a healthy marriage. Use it when discussing compatibility.

Compound Verb

Treat it as one unit. The noun 'tafāhom' doesn't change; only 'dāshtan' conjugates.

Long 'ā'

Make sure the 'ā' in 'tafāhom' is long and clear, like in 'father'.

MoU

Learn 'tafāhom-nāmeh' for business contexts. It's a vital term in Iranian commerce.

Negation

Negate it by adding 'na' to 'dāshtan': 'tafāhom nadārīm'.

Context Clues

If you hear 'tafāhom' in a movie, pay attention to the emotional tone; it's often about relationships.

Tafāhom vs. Tavāfogh

Use 'tafāhom' for people/feelings and 'tavāfogh' for deals/prices.

Politeness

Using 'tafāhom' sounds more educated than just saying 'we are good friends'.

Root F-H-M

Connect it to 'fahmīdan' to remember the meaning involves 'understanding'.

记住它

记忆技巧

Think of 'Tafāhom' as 'Tough-Home'. If you don't have understanding at home, life is tough! So, 'tafāhom dāshtan' keeps the home from being tough.

视觉联想

Imagine two people with a bridge connecting their foreheads. The bridge is labeled 'Tafāhom'. They are 'holding' (dāshtan) the bridge together.

Word Web

Relationship Agreement Marriage MoU Diplomacy Empathy Harmony Communication

挑战

Try to use 'tafāhom dāshtan' in a sentence about your favorite coworker today. Then, try to use its negative form 'tafāhom nadāshtan' to describe a movie character conflict.

词源

The word 'tafāhom' is an Arabic loanword from the root F-H-M (ف-ه-م), which relates to understanding and intellect. In Arabic, it is the 'Tafā'ul' (تفاعل) pattern, which signifies a reciprocal action between two parties.

原始含义： Mutual understanding or the act of coming to understand each other.

Afroasiatic (Arabic root) integrated into Indo-European (Persian) verbal system.

文化背景

It is a very safe and polite word. However, saying 'mā tafāhom nadārīm' to someone's face can be quite blunt and hurtful, as it suggests a fundamental disconnect.

In English, we say 'we get along' or 'we are on the same page.' 'Tafāhom dāshtan' is slightly more formal and profound than 'getting along.'

Used frequently in Iranian cinema (e.g., Asghar Farhadi films) to describe marital breakdown. Common in Persian self-help books like those by Dr. Anousheh. Found in official news reports regarding the JCPOA (Nuclear Deal) negotiations.

在生活中练习

真实语境

Marriage/Relationships

تفاهم اخلاقی
عدم تفاهم
تفاهم در زندگی
مشاوره تفاهم

Business/Work

تفاهم‌نامه
تفاهم کاری
تفاهم بر سر قرارداد
تفاهم تیمی

Politics/Diplomacy

تفاهم بین‌المللی
رسیدن به تفاهم
تفاهم سیاسی
بیانیه تفاهم

Education

تفاهم با دانش‌آموز
تفاهم علمی
درک و تفاهم
تفاهم آموزشی

Friendship

تفاهم صمیمانه
تفاهم قدیمی
با هم تفاهم داشتن
تفاهم فکری

对话开场白

"به نظر شما مهم‌ترین چیز برای تفاهم داشتن در ازدواج چیست؟"

"آیا شما با همکارانتان در محیط کار تفاهم دارید؟"

"چگونه می‌توانیم با کسانی که با ما متفاوت هستند تفاهم داشته باشیم؟"

"آیا تا به حال با کسی تفاهم کامل داشته‌اید؟"

"وقتی با کسی تفاهم ندارید، چه کار می‌کنید؟"

日记主题

امروز در مورد رابطه‌ای بنویسید که در آن تفاهم زیادی دارید. چه چیزی باعث این تفاهم شده است؟

یک موقعیت را توصیف کنید که در آن با کسی تفاهم نداشتید. چگونه آن را حل کردید؟

آیا فکر می‌کنید تفاهم داشتن به معنای همیشه موافق بودن است؟ چرا؟

نقش تفاهم در موفقیت یک پروژه تیمی را از دیدگاه خود بنویسید.

اگر می‌توانستید با یک شخصیت تاریخی تفاهم داشته باشید، آن شخص چه کسی بود؟

常见问题

10 个问题

Usually yes, it describes interpersonal or inter-group relations. You wouldn't say you have 'tafāhom' with a book, but you might with an author's ideas.

No, that is incorrect. You must say 'man tafāhom dāram' (I have understanding).

'Tavāfogh' is often a signed agreement or a specific consensus on a topic. 'Tafāhom' is a broader, more emotional and intellectual harmony.

It is neutral to formal. In very casual slang, people might use 'ham-fekr' or 'paye'.

You say 'mā be tafāhom rasīdīm'.

No, for that use 'su-e-tafāhom' (misunderstanding).

Yes, if you mention the other party, 'bā' (with) is necessary.

Yes, very frequently, especially in the form of 'tafāhom-nāmeh' (MoU).

It means 'lack of mutual understanding' and is a common reason for divorce or breakups.

Yes, to describe the chemistry or coordination between players.

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