adolescente 30秒了解
- Adolescente refers to a female teenager, typically between the ages of 12 and 18, marking the transition from childhood to adulthood.
- It is a feminine noun requiring agreement of articles and adjectives, and the final 't' is pronounced in French.
- The word is standard and formal, while 'ado' is the common informal shortcut used in everyday spoken French.
- It encompasses biological changes, psychological development, and social shifts during the secondary school years.
The term adolescente is a foundational noun in the French language used to describe a female individual who is in the transitional stage of life between childhood and adulthood. This period, known as adolescence, typically spans from the onset of puberty (around age 12) to the legal age of majority (18 in France). Understanding this word requires more than just a simple translation; it involves recognizing the biological, psychological, and social transformations that the term implies within a Francophone context.
- Grammatical Gender
- Feminine noun (une adolescente). The masculine form is 'un adolescent'.
- Age Range
- Generally refers to girls aged 12 to 17 years old.
- Social Status
- Refers to a minor (mineure) who is still under the legal responsibility of parents or guardians.
In French culture, the 'adolescente' is often associated with the 'crise d'adolescence' (teenage identity crisis), a period marked by a quest for independence, the formation of a distinct personality, and often, a degree of rebellion against parental authority. This word is not merely a label for age but a descriptor of a specific developmental state. It evokes images of secondary school (collège and lycée), evolving friendships, and the first steps into the complexities of adult society.
Ma fille n'est plus une enfant, c'est maintenant une adolescente épanouie qui affirme ses goûts.
The word is derived from the Latin 'adolescere', meaning 'to grow up'. This etymological root highlights the dynamic nature of the term; an adolescente is someone in the process of 'becoming'. Unlike the word 'fille' (girl), which can be used for any age from birth to young adulthood, 'adolescente' specifically targets this middle ground. It is a more formal and precise term than the colloquial 'ado', which is ubiquitous in daily conversation.
Le roman raconte l'histoire d'une adolescente vivant dans le Paris des années 60.
Les magazines pour adolescentes traitent souvent de mode et de musique.
Il est parfois difficile de comprendre les émotions d'une adolescente en pleine croissance.
Cette adolescente a remporté le premier prix du concours de poésie.
- Synonymy
- Often interchangeable with 'jeune fille' in literary contexts, though 'adolescente' is more clinical/biological.
- Plural Form
- Des adolescentes (feminine plural).
Using the word adolescente correctly involves mastering agreement and register. As a feminine noun, it must always be accompanied by feminine articles (une, la, cette, ma) and adjectives must agree in gender and number. For example, 'une adolescente intelligente' (a smart female teenager). If you were describing a boy, you would say 'un adolescent intelligent'. The pronunciation difference is vital: the final 't' is heard in the feminine form /a.dɔ.lɛ.sɑ̃t/.
In terms of register, 'adolescente' is the standard, neutral term. It is appropriate for school essays, news reports, medical contexts, and formal writing. However, in casual speech, French speakers almost always shorten it to ado. While 'une ado' is perfectly acceptable in a friendly conversation, you should stick to 'une adolescente' in professional or academic settings. For example, a teacher would write 'L'adolescente a fait des progrès' in a report, but might say 'C'est une ado sympa' to a colleague.
- Adjective Agreement
- Always use the feminine form: 'une adolescente rêveuse', 'une adolescente sportive'.
- Determiners
- Use 'l'' before the vowel: 'l'adolescente'. Use 'cette' for 'this': 'cette adolescente'.
- Collective Usage
- To talk about the group of girls: 'la population adolescente'.
Contextually, 'adolescente' is often used to describe someone who is no longer a 'fillette' (little girl) but not yet a 'femme' (woman). It carries connotations of being in school (collégienne or lycéenne). When using the word, consider the nuance: are you emphasizing her age, her developmental stage, or her social role? In literature, the 'adolescente' is a common figure representing purity, angst, or the threshold of discovery.
When writing, remember that 'adolescente' can also function as an adjective in some contexts, though it is less common than the noun. For example, 'la littérature adolescente' (teen literature). However, 'littérature pour adolescents' (literature for teenagers) is more standard. The word is versatile but requires strict adherence to feminine grammatical markers to avoid confusion with the masculine counterpart.
You will encounter the word adolescente in a variety of settings across the Francophone world. One of the most common places is in the media, particularly in news segments discussing education, social trends, or health. Journalists might report on 'le comportement des adolescentes sur les réseaux sociaux' (the behavior of female teenagers on social media) or 'la santé mentale des adolescentes'. In these contexts, the word is used to provide a precise demographic category.
In the educational system, teachers, school counselors (CPE), and administrators use 'adolescente' to refer to their students. During a 'conseil de classe' (class council meeting), a teacher might remark on the academic performance of a specific 'adolescente'. It is a respectful and professional way to identify a student. Similarly, in medical or psychological settings, a doctor might discuss the physical development of an 'adolescente' with her parents.
- Literature & Cinema
- Many French 'romans d'apprentissage' (coming-of-age novels) feature an 'adolescente' as the protagonist.
- Marketing
- Brands targeting young girls will use the term in their market research, though their ads might use 'toi' or 'les filles'.
- Legal Contexts
- In legal discussions regarding minors, 'adolescente' specifies the gender of the minor involved.
Pop culture is another major source. While songs and movies might use 'ado' or 'meuf' (slang), the official titles or descriptions often use 'adolescente'. For instance, a movie synopsis might begin with: 'L'histoire d'une adolescente qui découvre un secret de famille.' Hearing the word in these contexts helps learners understand its role as a standard descriptor of a life stage. It is also frequently heard in podcasts or radio shows dedicated to parenting, where experts give advice on how to communicate with an 'adolescente'.
One of the most frequent errors for English speakers learning French is the omission of the final 'e'. In English, 'adolescent' is gender-neutral. In French, you must distinguish between 'un adolescent' and 'une adolescente'. Forgetting the 'e' not only changes the gender but also the pronunciation. Without the 'e', the 't' is silent; with the 'e', the 't' is clearly articulated. This is a common pitfall in both writing and speaking.
Another mistake is the incorrect agreement of adjectives. Learners often say 'une adolescente intelligent' instead of 'une adolescente intelligente'. Because 'adolescente' is a long word, learners sometimes lose track of the gender by the time they reach the adjective. Always double-check that every word modifying 'adolescente' is in its feminine form. This includes articles (la/une), possessives (ma/ta/sa), and descriptive adjectives.
- Confusing with 'Adulte'
- Some learners use 'adolescente' to mean any young person, but it strictly stops at 18. A 19-year-old is a 'jeune femme'.
- Overusing the formal term
- Using 'adolescente' in a very casual text message to a friend might sound too stiff. Use 'ado' instead.
- Pluralization
- Remember that 'des adolescentes' is only for a group of girls. If there is even one boy in the group, use 'des adolescents'.
Misusing the word 'fille' is also common. While every 'adolescente' is a 'fille', not every 'fille' is an 'adolescente'. If you call a 15-year-old a 'petite fille' (little girl), it might be perceived as patronizing or infantilizing. Conversely, calling a 5-year-old an 'adolescente' is factually incorrect. Precision in age-related vocabulary is important in French social dynamics.
To truly master the vocabulary surrounding youth, it is helpful to compare adolescente with its synonyms and related terms. The most common synonym is jeune fille. While 'adolescente' sounds more biological or sociological, 'jeune fille' is more traditional and often used in literature or formal social settings. It carries a sense of grace or politeness. For example, 'Une jeune fille bien élevée' (a well-bred young lady).
Then there is the informal ado. This is the go-to word for daily life. It is gender-neutral in its shortened form ('une ado' vs 'un ado'), making it very convenient. Another related term is mineure, which is a legal term. Every adolescente is a mineure, meaning she has not yet reached the age of legal responsibility. In slang, you might hear gamine, though this often implies someone younger or someone acting childishly.
- Lycéenne
- Specifically refers to a girl in high school (lycée). Most lycéennes are adolescentes.
- Pubère
- A technical/medical term for someone who has reached puberty.
- Jeune femme
- Used for someone in their late teens or early twenties. It marks the end of adolescence.
In very informal youth slang (verlan), you might hear meuf, but this is a general term for 'woman' or 'girl' and doesn't specifically denote the teenage years. Understanding these nuances allows you to choose the right word for the right situation. If you are writing a medical report, use 'adolescente'. If you are talking to a friend about your sister, 'ado' is best. If you are writing a poetic story, 'jeune fille' might be the most evocative choice.
How Formal Is It?
难度评级
需要掌握的语法
Feminine noun endings
Adjective agreement
Elision (l'adolescente)
Pluralization of nouns
Possessive adjectives
按水平分级的例句
C'est une adolescente.
It is a female teenager.
Uses 'une' for feminine.
L'adolescente est ici.
The teenager is here.
L' used before a vowel.
Ma sœur est une adolescente.
My sister is a teenager.
Possessive 'ma' agrees with 'sœur'.
Elle est une adolescente heureuse.
She is a happy teenager.
Adjective 'heureuse' is feminine.
Une adolescente mange une pomme.
A teenager is eating an apple.
Simple subject-verb-object.
Voici une adolescente française.
Here is a French teenager.
Adjective 'française' is feminine.
L'adolescente a un vélo.
The teenager has a bike.
Verb 'avoir' in present tense.
Est-elle une adolescente ?
Is she a teenager?
Inversion for question.
Cette adolescente aime beaucoup lire.
This teenager likes to read a lot.
Demonstrative 'cette'.
Les adolescentes jouent au football.
The teenagers are playing football.
Plural 'adolescentes'.
C'est une adolescente de quinze ans.
She is a fifteen-year-old teenager.
Age construction with 'de'.
L'adolescente parle avec son amie.
The teenager is talking with her friend.
Feminine 'amie'.
Je connais cette adolescente blonde.
I know this blonde teenager.
Adjective 'blonde' agrees.
L'adolescente va au collège chaque matin.
The teenager goes to middle school every morning.
Preposition 'au'.
Elle est une adolescente très intelligente.
She is a very intelligent teenager.
Adverb 'très' modifies adjective.
L'adolescente achète des vêtements.
The teenager is buying clothes.
Plural 'vêtements'.
En tant qu'adolescente, elle cherche son indépendance.
As a teenager, she is seeking her independence.
Expression 'en tant que'.
Cette adolescente s'intéresse à la politique.
This teenager is interested in politics.
Pronominal verb 's'intéresser à'.
Il est difficile d'être une adolescente aujourd'hui.
It is difficult to be a teenager today.
Impersonal 'il est'.
L'adolescente a décidé de devenir médecin.
The teenager decided to become a doctor.
Passé composé.
Beaucoup d'adolescentes utilisent les réseaux sociaux.
Many teenagers use social media.
Quantifier 'beaucoup de'.
Cette adolescente exprime ses sentiments par le dessin.
This teenager expresses her feelings through drawing.
Possessive 'ses'.
L'adolescente rêve de voyager autour du monde.
The teenager dreams of traveling around the world.
Verb 'rêver de'.
Elle n'est plus une enfant, mais une adolescente.
She is no longer a child, but a teenager.
Negation 'ne... plus'.
L'adolescente traverse une phase de rébellion.
The teenager is going through a phase of rebellion.
Vocabulary: 'phase de rébellion'.
Le psychologue aide l'adolescente à mieux se comprendre.
The psychologist helps the teenager understand herself better.
Verb 'aider à'.
Cette adolescente fait preuve d'une maturité surprenante.
This teenager shows surprising maturity.
Expression 'faire preuve de'.
Le film dépeint la vie quotidienne d'une adolescente.
The film depicts the daily life of a teenager.
Verb 'dépeindre'.
L'adolescente s'est inscrite à un cours de théâtre.
The teenager signed up for a theater class.
Reflexive 's'est inscrite'.
Il faut encourager l'autonomie de l'adolescente.
We must encourage the teenager's autonomy.
Subjunctive potential context.
L'adolescente est confrontée à des choix difficiles.
The teenager is faced with difficult choices.
Passive voice 'est confrontée'.
Cette adolescente milite pour la protection de l'environnement.
This teenager campaigns for environmental protection.
Verb 'militer'.
L'adolescente moderne est souvent hyperconnectée.
The modern teenager is often hyper-connected.
Adjective 'hyperconnectée'.
On analyse l'impact des médias sur l'adolescente.
We analyze the impact of media on the teenager.
Noun 'impact'.
L'adolescente se construit à travers ses interactions sociales.
The teenager builds herself through her social interactions.
Reflexive 'se construit'.
Cette œuvre littéraire explore l'intériorité d'une adolescente.
This literary work explores the inner life of a teenager.
Noun 'intériorité'.
L'adolescente revendique son droit à la vie privée.
The teenager claims her right to privacy.
Verb 'revendiquer'.
La transition de l'enfance à l'adolescente est complexe.
The transition from childhood to the teenager (stage) is complex.
Noun phrase.
L'adolescente cherche à s'affranchir du regard des autres.
The teenager seeks to free herself from the gaze of others.
Verb 's'affranchir'.
L'étude porte sur le sommeil de l'adolescente.
The study focuses on the teenager's sleep.
Expression 'porter sur'.
L'adolescente incarne la quintessence de la métamorphose humaine.
The teenager embodies the quintessence of human metamorphosis.
High-level vocabulary.
La psyché de l'adolescente demeure un terrain d'exploration vaste.
The teenager's psyche remains a vast field of exploration.
Formal 'demeure'.
Cette adolescente déjoue les stéréotypes de genre avec brio.
This teenager brilliantly thwarts gender stereotypes.
Verb 'déjouer'.
L'aliénation peut parfois guetter l'adolescente en quête de sens.
Alienation can sometimes lurk for the teenager in search of meaning.
Abstract nouns.
L'adolescente est le miroir des contradictions de notre époque.
The teenager is the mirror of the contradictions of our time.
Metaphorical usage.
On ne saurait réduire l'adolescente à sa simple condition biologique.
One cannot reduce the teenager to her simple biological condition.
Formal 'ne saurait'.
L'adolescente navigue entre conformisme et singularité.
The teenager navigates between conformity and singularity.
Nuanced contrast.
L'éveil intellectuel de l'adolescente est un processus fascinant.
The intellectual awakening of the teenager is a fascinating process.
Noun 'éveil'.
常见搭配
常用短语
容易混淆的词
习语与表达
容易混淆
Informal version.
More polite/literary.
Legal term.
Specifically school-related.
Informal/sometimes negative.
句型
如何使用
Less formal than 'jeune fille', more formal than 'ado'.
If a group has one boy, use 'adolescents'.
- Writing 'adolescent' when referring to a girl.
- Pronouncing 'adolescente' without the final 't' sound.
- Using 'un' instead of 'une' for a female teenager.
- Forgetting to make adjectives feminine (e.g., 'une adolescente intelligent').
- Using 'adolescente' for a woman who is 20 or older.
小贴士
Check the 'e'
Always add the 'e' when referring to a girl. It changes the gender and the sound. This is the most important rule for this word. Without the 'e', it's a boy.
Sound the 't'
Make sure to pronounce the final 't'. It's the key difference between the male and female versions. Practice saying 'adolescent' (silent t) vs 'adolescente' (audible t). This helps listeners understand you immediately.
Use 'ado' for friends
If you are speaking casually, use 'une ado'. It sounds more natural and less like a textbook. Most French people use the short version in daily life. Save 'adolescente' for writing or formal talks.
Understand the 'Bac'
For an adolescente in France, the 'Bac' (baccalauréat) is a huge deal. It's the exam at the end of high school. Mentioning it shows you understand their life. It's a major source of stress and pride.
Adjective Agreement
Ensure all adjectives match 'adolescente'. For example, 'une adolescente fatiguée'. The feminine agreement is essential for correct French. Always look back at the noun when writing the adjective.
Listen for 'une'
The article 'une' or 'la' is your first clue. If you hear 'une', you know it's a girl. This helps you prepare for the 't' sound at the end. Articles are great predictors in French.
Don't say 'petite'
Avoid 'petite adolescente'. It's redundant because the word already implies youth. Use 'jeune' if you must, but 'adolescente' is usually enough. Keep your sentences concise and precise.
The 'sc' combo
Remember the 'sc' in the middle. It's a common spelling mistake to forget the 'c'. Think of the word 'science' to help you remember the 'sc' pattern. Correct spelling is important for formal writing.
Group rules
If you talk about a group of girls, use 'adolescentes'. If there's one boy, it becomes 'adolescents'. This is the 'masculine overrides' rule in French. It's important for plural descriptions.
Synonym choice
Choose 'jeune fille' for a more elegant tone. Choose 'adolescente' for a more factual or descriptive tone. Your choice of word changes the 'flavor' of your sentence. Experiment with both to see the difference.
记住它
词源
Latin
文化背景
They often use 'verlan' (backwards slang) like 'meuf' or 'relou'.
Most adolescentes spend their time in Collège (11-15) or Lycée (15-18).
The age of 18 is a major milestone for an adolescente to become an adult.
在生活中练习
真实语境
对话开场白
"Étais-tu une adolescente calme ou rebelle ?"
"Quels sont les défis d'une adolescente aujourd'hui ?"
"As-tu une adolescente dans ta famille ?"
"Quels livres les adolescentes aiment-elles lire ?"
"Comment la vie d'une adolescente a-t-elle changé ?"
日记主题
Décrivez votre vie quand vous étiez une adolescente.
Imaginez la journée type d'une adolescente à Paris.
Quels conseils donneriez-vous à une adolescente ?
Pourquoi l'adolescence est-elle une période importante ?
Écrivez une lettre à l'adolescente que vous étiez.
常见问题
10 个问题Adolescent is masculine (boy), and adolescente is feminine (girl). In the feminine form, you pronounce the 't' at the end. In the masculine form, the 't' is silent. The spelling also changes by adding an 'e' at the end for the feminine. This is a common pattern in French nouns and adjectives.
In France, you are generally considered an adolescente until the age of 18. At 18, you reach the 'majorité' and become a 'jeune femme' or an 'adulte'. However, socially, the term might be used until someone finishes high school. It is a transition period. After 18, the legal status changes significantly.
The word 'ado' is a shortening of both 'adolescent' and 'adolescente'. While the word itself doesn't change, the article does. You say 'un ado' for a boy and 'une ado' for a girl. It is the most common way to refer to teenagers in spoken French. It is much more frequent than the full word in daily life.
Usually, no. A 10-year-old is still considered an 'enfant' or a 'pré-adolescente'. Adolescence typically starts with puberty, around 12 years old. Using 'adolescente' for a 10-year-old might be slightly premature. It's better to use 'enfant' or 'jeune fille' for that age.
They are very similar, but 'jeune fille' is more traditional and polite. 'Adolescente' is more neutral and often used in psychological or educational contexts. 'Jeune fille' can also refer to someone slightly older, like a woman in her early 20s. 'Adolescente' is strictly for the teenage years.
The 'sc' in 'adolescente' is pronounced like a simple 's' sound. You do not pronounce the 'c' separately. It sounds like 'ah-doh-leh-sahnt'. The focus should be on the nasal 'en' and the final 't'. Don't let the 'sc' confuse your pronunciation.
It refers to the 'teenage crisis' or 'rebellious phase' that many teenagers go through. It is a very common expression in France to describe the mood swings and conflicts with parents. Parents might say 'Elle fait sa crise d'adolescence' to explain difficult behavior. It is seen as a normal part of growing up.
Yes, it can be used as an adjective, but it is less common than the noun. For example, 'une population adolescente'. Usually, French speakers prefer to use 'pour adolescents' or other constructions. As an adjective, it follows the same agreement rules as the noun.
Like many teenagers, they enjoy social media, music, and hanging out with friends. In France, many are also involved in sports clubs or 'conservatoires' for music and dance. Shopping and going to the cinema are also popular activities. The 'lycée' life is very central to their social world.
The most formal and precise way is 'une adolescente'. If you want to be very polite or literary, you can use 'une jeune fille'. In a legal or medical document, 'une mineure' might also be used depending on the context. 'Adolescente' remains the standard professional term.
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Summary
The word 'adolescente' is the precise feminine term for a teenager in French. It requires careful grammatical agreement and clear pronunciation of the final 't', distinguishing it from the masculine 'adolescent'.
- Adolescente refers to a female teenager, typically between the ages of 12 and 18, marking the transition from childhood to adulthood.
- It is a feminine noun requiring agreement of articles and adjectives, and the final 't' is pronounced in French.
- The word is standard and formal, while 'ado' is the common informal shortcut used in everyday spoken French.
- It encompasses biological changes, psychological development, and social shifts during the secondary school years.
Check the 'e'
Always add the 'e' when referring to a girl. It changes the gender and the sound. This is the most important rule for this word. Without the 'e', it's a boy.
Sound the 't'
Make sure to pronounce the final 't'. It's the key difference between the male and female versions. Practice saying 'adolescent' (silent t) vs 'adolescente' (audible t). This helps listeners understand you immediately.
Use 'ado' for friends
If you are speaking casually, use 'une ado'. It sounds more natural and less like a textbook. Most French people use the short version in daily life. Save 'adolescente' for writing or formal talks.
Understand the 'Bac'
For an adolescente in France, the 'Bac' (baccalauréat) is a huge deal. It's the exam at the end of high school. Mentioning it shows you understand their life. It's a major source of stress and pride.
例句
L'adolescente lisait un roman dans sa chambre.
相关内容
这个词在其他语言中
更多family词汇
à charge
B2受抚养人；指经济上由他人供养的家庭成员。
à deux
A2两人一起；作为一对或搭档。
à domicile
A2在家
à jamais
A2Forever, for all time.
à la charge de
B2Dependent on; at the expense of.
à la mémoire de
B2为了纪念；用于纪念已故者的正式表达方式。
à la place de
B21. 我喝了咖啡，而不是我通常的茶。2. 老师给了我一个额外的练习，而不是考试。
à l'amiable
B2Amicably, by mutual agreement.
à l'égard de
A2With regard to; concerning.
à l'image de
B2效法；像……一样。
