ख़ाली 30秒了解
- Khālī means empty or vacant in physical contexts.
- It also means 'free' or 'available' when referring to time.
- Commonly used in phrases like 'khālī pet' (empty stomach) and 'khālī hath' (empty-handed).
- It is an invariant adjective, meaning it doesn't change form for gender or number.
The word ख़ाली (khālī) is one of the most fundamental adjectives in the Hindi language, essential for daily communication. At its most basic level, it describes a physical state of emptiness. Imagine a glass that has no water, a box with no toys, or a house where no one lives—all these are described as 'khālī'. However, the beauty of this word lies in its multi-layered applications across various contexts of Indian life.
- Physical Emptiness
- Refers to containers or spaces devoid of matter. For example, a 'khālī botal' (empty bottle).
- Availability
- Refers to seats, rooms, or positions that are vacant. 'Kya yeh kursi khālī hai?' (Is this seat vacant?).
यह कमरा बिल्कुल ख़ाली है। (This room is completely empty.)
Beyond the physical, it extends to time. If someone asks if you are 'khālī', they aren't asking if you are hollow; they are asking if you are free or have no work at the moment. In a more abstract sense, it can describe a feeling of loneliness or a lack of meaning, though Hindi often uses 'soona' for emotional loneliness. Interestingly, 'khālī' is also used in the context of 'khālī hath' (empty-handed), which can mean coming back without success or visiting someone without a gift.
क्या आप शाम को ख़ाली हैं? (Are you free in the evening?)
In the realm of employment, a 'khālī pad' refers to a job vacancy. In mathematics or logic, it might refer to a null set. The word is so ubiquitous that you will hear it in marketplaces, offices, and homes alike. Understanding 'khālī' is a gateway to understanding how Hindi speakers perceive space and availability.
Using ख़ाली correctly requires understanding its position in a sentence and the nuances of the nouns it modifies. It typically precedes the noun it describes or follows a linking verb. For instance, 'khālī ghar' (empty house) or 'ghar khālī hai' (the house is empty).
- Temporal Usage
- When referring to time, it means 'free'. 'Khālī samay' means free time or leisure time.
मैं अपने ख़ाली समय में किताबें पढ़ता हूँ। (I read books in my free time.)
One common idiomatic use is 'khālī baithna', which means to sit idle or be unemployed. In Indian culture, sitting 'khālī' is often discouraged, leading to the proverb 'Khālī dimaag shaitaan ka ghar' (An empty mind is the devil's workshop). This highlights how the word carries weight beyond just physical volume.
वह आजकल ख़ाली बैठा है। (He is sitting idle/unemployed these days.)
Another specific use is in 'khālī pet' (empty stomach). Doctors often advise taking certain medicines 'khālī pet'. This is a vital phrase for anyone navigating health or daily routines in a Hindi-speaking environment. You might also encounter 'khālī jagah' which means 'blank space' or 'gap', often used in fill-in-the-blank exercises.
The word ख़ाली is ubiquitous in the bustling streets of India. One of the most common places you'll hear it is while commuting. If you are looking for an auto-rickshaw or a taxi, the driver might shout 'Khālī!' to indicate they are available for hire. Similarly, on a crowded bus or train, you might ask a fellow passenger, 'Kya yeh seat khālī hai?'
- In the Market
- Shopkeepers use it to describe stock. 'Dabba khālī ho gaya' (The box has become empty).
ऑटो वाला चिल्लाया, "ख़ाली! कहाँ जाना है?" (The auto driver shouted, "Empty! Where do you want to go?")
In a domestic setting, you'll hear it regarding food and chores. A mother might say, 'Bartan khālī karo' (Empty the utensils/dishes). In professional settings, it refers to vacancies. 'Hamaare daftar mein ek post khālī hai' (There is a post vacant in our office). It's also used in the context of 'khālī hath' when someone returns from an errand without the intended item.
स्टेडियम ख़ाली पड़ा था। (The stadium was lying empty.)
Furthermore, in the digital age, you might see 'khālī' on your phone screen indicating 'Storage Empty' or 'Inbox Empty'. It's a word that bridges the gap between traditional street talk and modern technical terminology.
While ख़ाली is relatively straightforward, learners often confuse it with other words that mean 'empty' or 'lonely'. The most common confusion is with 'soona' (सूना). While both can translate to 'empty', 'soona' implies a sense of desolation, loneliness, or lack of life/vibrancy, whereas 'khālī' is more about the physical absence of contents.
- Khali vs. Soona
- Use 'khālī' for a glass; use 'soona' for a house that feels lonely after someone leaves.
गलत: गिलास सूना है। सही: गिलास ख़ाली है।
Another mistake is using 'khālī' when you mean 'only' (sirf). In some dialects, 'khālī' is used to mean 'merely' or 'only' (e.g., 'Khali baatein mat karo' - Don't just talk), but for beginners, it's safer to use 'sirf' to avoid confusion. Additionally, learners sometimes try to change the ending to 'khālā' for masculine nouns, but 'khālī' is the correct form for all genders.
वह ख़ाली हाथ लौट आया। (He returned empty-handed.)
Finally, don't confuse 'khālī' with 'shunya' (zero). While a 'khālī' set is a null set, 'shunya' is the number zero itself. Using 'khālī' for the number zero is incorrect in mathematical contexts.
Hindi has several words that touch upon the concept of emptiness, each with its own flavor. Understanding these helps in choosing the right word for the right situation. The most formal synonym for ख़ाली is 'rikta' (रिक्त), which you will see in official documents or high-level literature.
- Rikta (रिक्त)
- Formal/Sanskritized. Used for 'vacancies' (rikta sthaan) in exams or job ads.
- Soona (सूना)
- Emotional emptiness. Used for a lonely road or a deserted heart.
यहाँ बहुत सूनापन है। (There is a lot of loneliness/emptiness here.)
Another related term is 'vihin' (विहीन), which means 'devoid of' or 'without'. It is usually used as a suffix, like 'shakti-vihin' (powerless/without power). While 'khālī' says the container is empty, 'vihin' specifies what exactly is missing. Then there is 'thotha' (थोथा), which describes something that is hollow or shallow, often used for 'empty words' or 'hollow promises'.
कृपया रिक्त स्थान भरें। (Please fill in the blanks.)
Lastly, 'be-kaar' (बेकार) can sometimes overlap when referring to someone who is 'khālī' (idle/unemployed), but 'be-kaar' usually carries a negative connotation of being 'useless' or 'out of work' in a more permanent or frustrating sense.
How Formal Is It?
难度评级
需要掌握的语法
Adjective-Noun agreement
Use of 'ke paas' for possession
Imperative verbs with adjectives
Compound verbs (khali karna)
Oblique case with adjectives
按水平分级的例句
यह गिलास ख़ाली है।
This glass is empty.
Subject + Adjective + Verb
क्या यह कुर्सी ख़ाली है?
Is this chair vacant?
Interrogative sentence
डब्बा ख़ाली है।
The box is empty.
Simple descriptive sentence
मेरे पास ख़ाली बोतल है।
I have an empty bottle.
Possession with 'ke paas'
कमरा ख़ाली करो।
Empty the room.
Imperative sentence
थैला ख़ाली नहीं है।
The bag is not empty.
Negative sentence
वह ख़ाली हाथ आया।
He came empty-handed.
Adverbial use of adjective
टोकरी ख़ाली है।
The basket is empty.
Simple feminine noun agreement (though 'khali' is invariant)
मैं आज ख़ाली हूँ।
I am free today.
Refers to time/availability
क्या आप कल ख़ाली हैं?
Are you free tomorrow?
Asking about availability
मेरे पास ख़ाली समय है।
I have free time.
Noun phrase 'khali samay'
वह ख़ाली बैठा रहता है।
He keeps sitting idle.
Idiomatic use for idleness
ख़ाली पेट दवा मत लो।
Don't take medicine on an empty stomach.
Medical context
यहाँ कोई ख़ाली जगह है?
Is there any empty space here?
Refers to space
स्कूल की बस ख़ाली थी।
The school bus was empty.
Past tense
ख़ाली डिब्बे में क्या है?
What is in the empty box?
Adjective modifying a noun in oblique case
इस कंपनी में कई पद ख़ाली हैं।
Many positions are vacant in this company.
Professional context
ख़ाली दिमाग शैतान का घर होता है।
An empty mind is the devil's workshop.
Proverbial use
उसने ख़ाली वादा किया था।
He made an empty promise.
Abstract usage
हमें ख़ाली जगहों को भरना होगा।
We will have to fill in the blanks.
Educational/Formal context
वह ख़ाली हाथ घर नहीं जाना चाहता।
He doesn't want to go home empty-handed.
Cultural nuance
शहर की सड़कें रात में ख़ाली हो जाती हैं।
The city streets become empty at night.
Descriptive/Atmospheric
क्या आपके पास कोई ख़ाली कमरा है?
Do you have any vacant rooms?
Travel/Service context
ख़ाली बातों से कुछ नहीं होगा।
Nothing will happen with empty talk.
Metaphorical usage
उसकी आँखें ख़ाली लग रही थीं।
His eyes were looking empty.
Emotional/Abstract
यह सीट वरिष्ठ नागरिकों के लिए ख़ाली रखी गई है।
This seat has been kept vacant for senior citizens.
Passive construction
उसने अपना ख़ाली समय समाज सेवा में लगाया।
He spent his free time in social service.
Complex sentence
बिना तैयारी के जाना ख़ाली हाथ लौटने जैसा है।
Going without preparation is like returning empty-handed.
Comparative idiom
उसका जीवन अब ख़ाली महसूस होता है।
His life feels empty now.
Existential usage
ख़ाली बोतलों को रीसायकल करना चाहिए।
Empty bottles should be recycled.
Environmental context
क्या आप इस रविवार को ख़ाली रह सकते हैं?
Can you remain free this Sunday?
Requesting time
वह ख़ाली पेट काम नहीं कर सकता।
He cannot work on an empty stomach.
Physical condition
सत्ता का गलियारा कभी ख़ाली नहीं रहता।
The corridor of power never remains vacant.
Political metaphor
उसकी बातों में एक ख़ालीपन था जो डराता था।
There was an emptiness in his words that was frightening.
Noun form derived from adjective
क्या यह ब्रह्मांड वास्तव में ख़ाली है?
Is this universe truly empty?
Scientific/Philosophical
उसने अपनी संपत्ति का ख़ाली हिस्सा दान कर दिया।
He donated the unused/vacant portion of his property.
Legal/Formal
कविता में 'ख़ाली' शब्द का प्रयोग विरह को दर्शाता है।
The use of the word 'khali' in the poem indicates separation.
Literary analysis
वह अपनी ज़िम्मेदारी से ख़ाली नहीं हो सकता।
He cannot be free/absolved from his responsibility.
Abstract/Formal
ख़ाली बर्तनों की आवाज़ ज़्यादा होती है।
Empty vessels make the most noise.
Idiomatic proverb
उसका तर्क बिल्कुल ख़ाली और बेबुनियाद था।
His argument was completely empty and baseless.
Rhetorical usage
शून्यता और ख़ालीपन के बीच का अंतर सूक्ष्म है।
The difference between nothingness and emptiness is subtle.
Philosophical nuance
उसकी आवाज़ गूँजते हुए ख़ाली हॉल में खो गई।
His voice got lost in the echoing empty hall.
Descriptive/Literary
क्या मानव चेतना कभी पूरी तरह ख़ाली हो सकती है?
Can human consciousness ever be completely empty?
Metaphysical inquiry
इतिहास के पन्ने कभी ख़ाली नहीं छोड़े जाते।
The pages of history are never left blank.
Historical metaphor
उसने ख़ालीपन को अपनी कला का आधार बनाया।
He made emptiness the basis of his art.
Artistic context
ख़ाली हाथ आए थे, ख़ाली हाथ जाएंगे।
Empty-handed we came, empty-handed we will go.
Spiritual/Existential proverb
उसका व्यक्तित्व एक ख़ाली कैनवास की तरह है।
His personality is like a blank canvas.
Metaphorical simile
प्रशासन ने ख़ाली पड़ी ज़मीन का अधिग्रहण कर लिया।
The administration acquired the vacant land.
Legal/Administrative
常见搭配
常用短语
容易混淆的词
习语与表达
容易混淆
Emotional/desolate vs. physical emptiness.
Formal/Sanskrit vs. common/Arabic.
Useless/unemployed vs. just being free/empty.
Light (weight) vs. empty (content).
Clean vs. empty.
句型
如何使用
'Khālī' is neutral, while 'rikta' is formal and 'soona' is poetic/emotional.
'Khālī-peelī' is common in Mumbai but might sound too informal in Delhi or formal settings.
小贴士
Use for availability
Always use 'khālī' when asking for a seat in a bus or restaurant.
Invariable Adjective
Don't try to change the ending of 'khālī' to match the noun's gender.
Learn the idiom
Memorize 'khālī dimaag shaitaan ka ghar' to impress native speakers.
The Nuqta
Pay attention to the dot under 'kh'; it changes the sound from 'k' to 'kh'.
Gifts
Remember the phrase 'khālī hath' when visiting someone; it's better to bring something!
Medicine
Listen for 'khālī pet' when a doctor gives you instructions.
Taxis
Look for the 'khālī' sign on taxis or autos to know they are available.
Blanks
In exams, 'khālī sthaan' is the standard term for 'fill in the blanks'.
Asking friends
'Kya tum khālī ho?' is a great way to start a plan with a friend.
Abstract
Use 'khālī' for 'empty promises' (khālī vaade) to describe someone unreliable.
记住它
记忆技巧
Think of 'Khali' the wrestler. When he enters the ring, everyone else leaves, making the ring 'Khali' (empty)!
词源
Arabic
文化背景
'Khālī-peelī' is a very common Mumbai slang term meaning 'for no reason'.
Never go to a relative's house 'khālī hath'.
The concept of 'Shunyata' (emptiness) in Buddhism is related but more philosophical.
在生活中练习
真实语境
对话开场白
"क्या आप आज शाम को ख़ाली हैं?"
"क्या यह सीट ख़ाली है?"
"आप अपने ख़ाली समय में क्या करते हैं?"
"क्या आपके पास कोई ख़ाली बोतल है?"
"यह कमरा ख़ाली क्यों है?"
日记主题
आज मैंने अपने ख़ाली समय में क्या किया?
जब मैं ख़ाली हाथ घर लौटता हूँ, तो मुझे कैसा लगता है?
मेरे जीवन में कौन सी जगह ख़ाली है?
क्या ख़ाली दिमाग सच में शैतान का घर है?
एक ख़ाली कमरे को देखकर आपके मन में क्या विचार आते हैं?
常见问题
10 个问题No, in standard modern Hindi, 'khālī' is an invariant adjective and stays the same for all genders and numbers.
In some informal dialects, yes (e.g., 'khālī baatein'), but it is better to use 'sirf' or 'keval' for 'only' to be clear.
'Khālī' is the common everyday word, while 'rikta' is very formal and often used in official documents or exams.
You can say 'Main khālī hoon' (मैं ख़ाली हूँ).
It means 'empty stomach', usually used when talking about taking medicine or fasting.
Yes, it means the person is free or has no work at the moment.
It is a slang term meaning 'for no reason' or 'unnecessarily'.
It's a raspy sound from the back of the throat, like the 'ch' in 'Bach' or 'Loch'.
Yes, 'khālī jagah' means a blank space or a gap.
It has Arabic roots and is used in both Hindi and Urdu.
自我测试 180 个问题
Write a sentence using 'Khali' to describe a bottle.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Ask a friend if they are free tomorrow in Hindi.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Translate: 'I read books in my free time.'
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Use 'Khali Pet' in a sentence about health.
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Write the Hindi proverb about an empty mind.
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Translate: 'The room was completely empty.'
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Describe a vacant seat in a bus.
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Translate: 'He returned empty-handed.'
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Use 'Khali' to describe a job vacancy.
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Translate: 'Empty vessels make more noise.'
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Write a sentence using 'Khali' as 'blank space'.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Translate: 'Are you free this evening?'
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Use 'Khali' to describe a box.
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Translate: 'Don't sit idle.'
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Describe an empty street at night.
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Translate: 'I have no free time today.'
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Use 'Khali' in a spiritual context.
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Translate: 'Is there any vacancy in your company?'
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Write a sentence with 'Khali-Peeli'.
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Translate: 'The glass is half empty.'
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Pronounce: ख़ाली (Khali)
Read this aloud:
你说的：
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Say: 'The glass is empty' in Hindi.
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你说的：
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Ask: 'Are you free?' in Hindi.
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你说的：
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Say: 'I have free time' in Hindi.
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你说的：
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Say: 'Empty stomach' in Hindi.
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你说的：
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Say: 'Empty-handed' in Hindi.
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你说的：
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Ask for a vacant seat in a taxi.
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你说的：
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Say the proverb about the empty mind.
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Say: 'Empty the room' in Hindi.
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Say: 'Fill in the blanks' in Hindi.
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你说的：
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Say: 'Don't sit idle' in Hindi.
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你说的：
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Say: 'The bottle is empty' in Hindi.
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Ask: 'Is this chair vacant?' in Hindi.
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Say: 'I am free today' in Hindi.
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你说的：
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Say: 'Empty pockets' in Hindi.
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你说的：
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Say: 'Empty promises' in Hindi.
Read this aloud:
你说的：
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Say: 'Empty vessels' in Hindi.
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你说的：
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Say: 'Vacant post' in Hindi.
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Say: 'Blank paper' in Hindi.
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Say: 'Empty-handed return' in Hindi.
Read this aloud:
你说的：
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Identify the word: 'ख़ाली'
What is being described? 'गिलास में पानी नहीं है, वह _______ है।'
What does the speaker want? 'कमरा ख़ाली करो!'
Is the person busy? 'मैं आज बिल्कुल ख़ाली हूँ।'
When to take medicine? 'दवा ख़ाली पेट लें।'
What is the auto driver saying? 'ख़ाली! कहाँ जाना है?'
What is in the box? 'डब्बा ख़ाली है।'
What is the proverb? 'ख़ाली दिमाग शैतान का घर।'
How did he return? 'वह ख़ाली हाथ लौटा।'
What to fill? 'ख़ाली स्थान भरें।'
Is there a job? 'यहाँ एक पद ख़ाली है।'
Is the bus full? 'बस ख़ाली थी।'
What is 'Khali-Peeli'? 'ख़ाली-पीली मत लड़ो।'
Is the seat taken? 'यह कुर्सी ख़ाली है।'
What is the feeling? 'मुझे ख़ालीपन महसूस हो रहा है।'
Describe your weekend using 'Khali Samay'.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
/ 180 correct
Perfect score!
Summary
The word 'ख़ाली' is a versatile Hindi adjective meaning 'empty' or 'vacant'. Whether you're describing an empty glass (ख़ाली गिलास), a vacant seat (ख़ाली कुर्सी), or your own free time (ख़ाली समय), this word is essential for everyday Hindi communication.
- Khālī means empty or vacant in physical contexts.
- It also means 'free' or 'available' when referring to time.
- Commonly used in phrases like 'khālī pet' (empty stomach) and 'khālī hath' (empty-handed).
- It is an invariant adjective, meaning it doesn't change form for gender or number.
Use for availability
Always use 'khālī' when asking for a seat in a bus or restaurant.
Invariable Adjective
Don't try to change the ending of 'khālī' to match the noun's gender.
Learn the idiom
Memorize 'khālī dimaag shaitaan ka ghar' to impress native speakers.
The Nuqta
Pay attention to the dot under 'kh'; it changes the sound from 'k' to 'kh'.
例句
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相关内容
更多general词汇
आभार व्यक्त करना
B1正式表达感激之情。'我谨向所有提供帮助的人表示感谢。'
आचरण करना
C1行为；表现；（尤指按道德规范）处事。 '他应当举止端庄。'
आगे
A1Forward; ahead.
आगे बढ़ना
A2向前移动或取得进展。
आगामी
B1即将到来的，下一次的。用于描述近期将要发生的预定事件。
आह्वान करना
B1To call, to summon, to request someone's presence.
आज रात
A2今晚；今天的夜晚。
आजमाना
A2尝试或测试某物以了解其工作原理或会发生什么。
आक्रमण करना
B2对某个国家或团体发动军事行动。
आखिरी
A2最后, 最终。 '最后一班公共汽车' 是 'Aakhiri bus'。 '最后一次' 是 'Aakhiri baar'。
