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दसवाँ

A2 adjective #4,500 最常用 9分钟阅读

दसवाँ

前4,500

开始练习例句笔记与提示 दसवाँ 30秒了解

解析 दसवाँ in your Level:

At the A1 level, you are just starting to learn numbers. You likely know 'das' (10). 'Dasvām̃' is your first step into 'ordinal' numbers—the ones that show order. Think of it like this: 'Das' is for counting apples, 'Dasvām̃' is for saying which apple you want to eat in a row. At this stage, focus on the most basic masculine form: 'Dasvām̃'. You will use it for simple things like 'the tenth day' or 'the tenth boy'. You don't need to worry too much about complex grammar yet, just remember that the '-vām̃' sound at the end makes it 'tenth' instead of 'ten'. You might hear it in school settings or when people are counting items in a line. It's a very useful word for simple descriptions and following basic instructions. Try to practice it by counting objects and then pointing to the 'dasvām̃' one. Remember the nasal sound at the end; it's like saying 'am' through your nose. This level is all about recognition and simple usage in short sentences like 'This is the tenth book.'

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At the A2 level, you should begin to notice that 'dasvām̃' changes its ending. This is the most important part for you! If you are talking about a girl, a class (kaksha), or a time (baar), 'dasvām̃' becomes 'dasvīm̃'. For example, 'dasvīm̃ kaksha' (10th grade). This is a very common phrase in India. You will also start using it in slightly longer sentences, like 'I am in the tenth grade' or 'This is the tenth time I've called you.' You should also be aware of 'dasvēm̃'. This form is used when you have a word like 'in' (mein) or 'on' (par) after the noun. So, 'in the tenth room' becomes 'dasvēm̃ kamre mein'. At A2, you are building the habit of checking the noun's gender before you speak. You are also learning to use it in the context of dates and simple schedules. You might hear it in weather reports or simple news stories. It's about moving from just knowing the word to using it correctly in different common situations.

At the B1 level, you are expected to use 'dasvām̃', 'dasvīm̃', and 'dasvēm̃' with much more confidence and fewer errors. You will encounter this word in more varied contexts, such as sports commentary (the tenth over), business reports (the tenth anniversary), and storytelling. You should be comfortable using the oblique form 'dasvēm̃' naturally in conversation. At this stage, you might also start to see the word in more formal writing where it might be replaced by 'dasham' in very specific literary contexts. You will use 'dasvām̃' to describe sequences in a narrative, such as 'The tenth person to enter the room was the king.' You should also be able to understand it when it's used as part of a fraction, like 'dasvām̃ hissa' (the tenth part). Your goal at B1 is fluidity—using the correct gender and case ending without having to stop and think about the rule every time. You are also beginning to understand the cultural significance of the 'tenth' in Indian society, such as school board exams.

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At the B2 level, you are moving towards a more nuanced understanding. You can use 'dasvām̃' in abstract discussions. For example, you might talk about 'the tenth decile' in statistics or 'the tenth rank' in a national competition. You understand the subtle difference between 'dasvām̃' and its synonyms like 'dasham'. You can handle complex sentence structures where 'dasvām̃' might be separated from its noun or used in a relative clause. You are also aware of idiomatic or culturally specific uses, such as the 'Dasvi' funeral rites or the significance of 'Vijayadashami'. At this level, you should be able to write essays or reports where you use ordinal numbers to structure your arguments (e.g., 'The tenth point I want to make is...'). Your pronunciation should be near-native, correctly handling the nasalization. You are also able to correct yourself if you accidentally use the wrong gender ending. You can understand fast-paced speech in movies or news where 'dasvām̃' might be part of a rapidly spoken list of facts or figures.

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At the C1 level, you possess a sophisticated command of 'dasvām̃'. You can appreciate its use in classical Hindi literature and poetry, where it might be used metaphorically. You understand the etymological roots of the word and how it relates to other Sanskrit-derived words in the 'ten' family (like dashak, dashamlav, dashanan). You can use the word in highly formal, academic, or professional settings with perfect grammatical accuracy. You are sensitive to the 'register' of the word—knowing when to use the standard 'dasvām̃' and when the more formal 'dasham' might be appropriate for stylistic effect. You can engage in deep cultural discussions where the 'tenth' has symbolic meaning, such as in Yoga philosophy (the tenth door/gate of the body). Your listening skills are sharp enough to catch the word even in noisy environments or when spoken with regional accents. You use the word not just for counting, but as a tool for precise and elegant communication.

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At the C2 level, your mastery of 'dasvām̃' is indistinguishable from that of an educated native speaker. You can use the word in all its forms across any domain—be it legal, medical, philosophical, or colloquial. You can play with the word in puns, jokes, or creative writing. You have a deep historical perspective on how the word and its ancestors have been used in Indo-Aryan languages for millennia. You can effortlessly switch between the common 'dasvām̃' and the highly specialized 'dasham' or 'dashami' depending on the audience and purpose. You can interpret and translate complex texts involving ordinal sequences with total accuracy, capturing both the literal meaning and the stylistic nuances. For you, 'dasvām̃' is not just a vocabulary item but a flexible part of a vast linguistic system that you navigate with intuition and grace. You can even discuss the linguistic evolution of the '-vām̃' suffix and its variations in different Prakrits and Apabhramshas that led to modern Hindi.

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开始练习例句笔记与提示

दसवाँ 30秒了解

Dasvām̃ means 'tenth' in Hindi.
It is an ordinal adjective that changes based on gender.
Use 'dasvīm̃' for feminine nouns like class or time.
Use 'dasvēm̃' for plural or oblique masculine nouns.

The Hindi word दसवाँ (dasvām̃) is an ordinal adjective that translates directly to the English word 'tenth'. In linguistic terms, it is used to denote the position of an object or person in a sequential order following the ninth. Unlike cardinal numbers which represent quantity (like 'ten'), ordinal numbers like dasvām̃ represent rank, position, or a specific point in a series. This word is foundational for anyone learning Hindi as it appears in daily conversations ranging from giving directions to discussing dates, school grades, and sports rankings.

Grammatical Gender: The word दसवाँ is masculine. It changes to दसवीं (dasvīm̃) for feminine nouns and दसवें (dasvēm̃) for masculine plural or oblique cases. This inflection is crucial for fluency.

आज मेरी शादी की दसवीं सालगिरह है। (Today is my tenth wedding anniversary.)

In the Indian context, the 'tenth' holds significant weight, particularly in the education system. The '10th Board Exams' are a major milestone in a student's life. When someone says they are in the 'tenth class', they use the feminine form dasvīm̃ because 'kaksha' (class) is a feminine noun. Beyond school, it is used in religious contexts, such as the 'Dashami' (tenth day of a lunar fortnight), which is linguistically related to the root word for ten.

Ordinal Suffixes: In Hindi, most ordinal numbers from five onwards are formed by adding the suffix '-vām̃' to the cardinal number. Hence, das (ten) becomes dasvām̃.

यह किताब का दसवाँ अध्याय है। (This is the tenth chapter of the book.)

Culturally, the tenth position is often seen as a completion of a cycle. In ancient Indian philosophy, there is the concept of the 'Dasam Granth' or the 'Dasam Dwar' (the tenth door). While these are specific proper nouns, the underlying numerical concept remains the same. In modern usage, you will hear it in news reports (e.g., the tenth anniversary of an event), in sports (the tenth over of a cricket match), and in general lists. Understanding its usage helps in transitioning from basic counting to describing complex sequences.

Nasalization: Note the 'chandrabindu' (ँ) at the end. It indicates a nasalized vowel. Pronouncing it as 'dasva' instead of 'dasvām̃' is a common beginner mistake that can sound slightly off to native speakers.

लाइन में दसवाँ व्यक्ति मेरा भाई है। (The tenth person in the line is my brother.)

Using दसवाँ (dasvām̃) correctly requires an understanding of Hindi's adjective-noun agreement rules. Since it is an adjective, it must match the gender, number, and case of the noun it modifies. This section explores the various transformations the word undergoes in practical sentence construction.

Masculine Singular: Used with masculine nouns like 'din' (day), 'ghanta' (hour), or 'bacha' (boy). Example: Dasvām̃ din (Tenth day).

आज इस प्रोजेक्ट का दसवाँ दिन है। (Today is the tenth day of this project.)

When the noun is feminine, the ending changes from -vām̃ to -vīm̃. This is a very common transformation. Feminine nouns include 'kaksha' (class), 'baar' (time/occurrence), and 'manzil' (floor/destination).

Feminine Singular/Plural: Example: Dasvīm̃ baar (Tenth time). Even if the noun is plural feminine, the adjective remains dasvīm̃.

मैं दसवीं बार यह फिल्म देख रहा हूँ। (I am watching this movie for the tenth time.)

The third form is दसवें (dasvēm̃). This is used in two specific scenarios: when the noun is masculine plural, or when the masculine singular noun is in the oblique case (followed by a postposition like ko, se, mein, ka).

The Oblique Case: If you say 'On the tenth day', 'day' (din) is masculine. Because of 'on' (par), dasvām̃ becomes dasvēm̃.

दसवें डिब्बे में सामान रखा है। (The luggage is kept in the tenth box.)

To use it effectively, always identify the noun first. If you are ranking something, like 'the tenth student', and the student is male, use dasvām̃ chhatra. If female, dasvīm̃ chhatra. In a list of items (masculine), use dasvām̃ number. This pattern of agreement is consistent across all Hindi ordinal numbers except for the first four (pehla, dusra, tisra, chautha).

In everyday Indian life, दसवाँ (dasvām̃) and its variations are ubiquitous. You will hear it in schools, on public transport, in the news, and during religious ceremonies. Understanding these contexts will help you recognize the word even when spoken at a fast native pace.

Education and Schools: The most common place to hear this is in the context of school grades. 'Dasvīm̃ kaksha' (10th grade) is a pivot point for Indian students. People often ask, 'Aapka beta kaunsi kaksha mein hai?' (Which class is your son in?), and the answer is often 'Dasvīm̃' (The 10th).

उसने दसवीं की परीक्षा में टॉप किया। (He topped the tenth-grade exams.)

In public transport, especially in cities like Delhi or Mumbai with extensive metro or train networks, you will hear announcements regarding the tenth station or the tenth coach. 'Dasvēm̃ coach mein mahilayen hain' (There are women in the tenth coach). Note the use of dasvēm̃ here because of the preposition 'mein'.

Sports Commentary: During a cricket match, the commentator will frequently say, 'Dasvām̃ over chal raha hai' (The tenth over is going on). Since 'over' is treated as masculine in Hindi, dasvām̃ is used.

भारत का दसवाँ विकेट गिर गया है। (India's tenth wicket has fallen.)

In the news and business, you'll hear it regarding anniversaries or rankings. 'Bharat duniya ki dasvīm̃ sabse badi arthvyavastha thi' (India was the tenth largest economy in the world). Here, 'arthvyavastha' (economy) is feminine, so dasvīm̃ is used.

यह हमारी कंपनी का दसवाँ स्थापना दिवस है। (This is our company's tenth foundation day.)

Finally, in shopping or markets, when referring to the tenth item in a row or a stack: 'Dasvām̃ suit dikhaiye' (Show me the tenth suit). Because 'suit' is masculine, the speaker uses the masculine form. Being alert to these contexts will make your comprehension much more robust.

Even though 'dasvām̃' seems straightforward, English speakers often stumble on specific Hindi grammatical nuances. The most frequent errors involve gender agreement, the oblique case, and pronunciation. Let's break these down to ensure you sound more like a native speaker.

Mistake 1: Ignoring Gender Agreement: Many learners use 'dasvām̃' for everything. They might say 'dasvām̃ kaksha' instead of the correct 'dasvīm̃ kaksha'. Remember: Hindi adjectives are like chameleons; they must change color to match the noun.

Wrong: दसवाँ बार (Dasvām̃ baar)
Right: दसवीं बार (Dasvīm̃ baar)

The second most common error is the failure to use the oblique form dasvēm̃. In English, 'tenth' stays 'tenth' whether you say 'the tenth house' or 'in the tenth house'. In Hindi, the presence of 'in' (mein) forces the adjective to change from dasvām̃ to dasvēm̃.

Mistake 2: Missing the Oblique Case: Learners often say 'dasvām̃ kamre mein' (in the tenth room). The correct form is 'dasvēm̃ kamre mein'. This is a subtle but vital distinction for A2-B1 level learners.

Wrong: दसवाँ साल में...
Right: दसवें साल में... (In the tenth year...)

Pronunciation is the third hurdle. The 'v' in Hindi is often a cross between English 'v' and 'w'. Also, the nasalization at the end (indicated by the dot or chandrabindu) is often ignored. If you say 'dasva' with a hard 'a', it sounds incomplete. It should be a soft, nasalized 'ām̃'.

Lastly, learners sometimes confuse 'Dasvīm̃' (10th) with 'Dashami' (10th day of the lunar month). While related, 'Dashami' is a specific noun used in the Hindu calendar, whereas 'Dasvīm̃' is a general adjective. Using 'Dashami' to mean 'tenth grade' would be incorrect and confusing.

Mistake 3: Confusing Cardinal and Ordinal: Saying 'Mere paas dasvām̃ rupaye hain' implies 'I have the tenth rupee' (a specific coin). To say 'I have ten rupees', use 'Mere paas das rupaye hain'.

While दसवाँ (dasvām̃) is the standard word for 'tenth', there are several related terms and synonyms that you might encounter depending on the context—whether it's formal, religious, or mathematical.

दस (Das) vs दसवाँ (Dasvām̃): Das is the cardinal number '10'. Dasvām̃ is the ordinal '10th'. Use 'das' for quantity and 'dasvām̃' for order.
दशम (Dasham): This is the Sanskrit-derived (Tatsam) version of 'tenth'. You will find this in very formal Hindi, literature, or religious texts (e.g., 'Dasham Granth'). It is rarely used in daily conversation.
दशमी (Dashami): A feminine noun referring specifically to the tenth day of the lunar fortnight in the Hindu calendar. For example, 'Vijayadashami' (Dussehra).

तुलना:
1. यह दसवाँ हिस्सा है। (This is the tenth part/portion.)
2. यह दशम अध्याय है। (This is the tenth chapter - Formal/Sanskritized.)

In a mathematical or fractional context, if you want to say 'one-tenth', you can say 'dasvām̃ hissa'. However, in decimal systems, you might hear 'dashamlav' (decimal), which comes from the same root. Understanding these connections helps build a mental map of the language.

दहाई (Dahai): This means a 'decade' or 'tens place' in mathematics. While not a direct synonym for 'tenth', it belongs to the same word family and is used when talking about groups of ten.

When comparing dasvām̃ with antim (last), it's important to note that 'dasvām̃' is specific, whereas 'antim' is relative. If there are only ten items, the dasvām̃ is also the antim. In lists, you will often see dasvām̃ paired with nauvām̃ (ninth) and gyarahvām̃ (eleventh).

How Formal Is It?

趣味小知识

Almost all Hindi ordinal numbers from five onwards end in '-vām̃', making it one of the most consistent patterns in Hindi grammar compared to the irregular first four numbers.

发音指南

UK /d̪əs.ʋãː/

US /dəs.vɑ̃ː/

Stress is balanced, but the second syllable 'vām̃' is elongated due to the long vowel and nasalization.

押韵词

पाँचवाँ (Pānchvām̃) सातवाँ (Sātvām̃) आठवाँ (Āthvām̃) नौवाँ (Nauvām̃) ग्यारहवाँ (Gyārahvām̃) बारहवाँ (Bārahvām̃) गाँव (Gām̃v) पाँव (Pām̃v)

常见错误

Pronouncing it as 'Das-va' without the nasalization.
Using a hard English 'd' (alveolar) instead of the Hindi dental 'd'.
Making the 'v' sound too much like an English 'w' or a hard 'v'.
Shortening the final vowel.
Confusing it with 'Das-vaan' (with a hard 'n' sound).

难度评级

阅读 2/5

Easy to read if you know the number 'das' and the '-vām̃' suffix.

写作 3/5

Requires correct placement of the chandrabindu (nasalization).

口语 3/5

Nasalization and gender agreement can be tricky for beginners.

听力 2/5

Distinguishable, but can be confused with cardinal 'das' in fast speech.

接下来学什么

前置知识

दस (Ten) एक (One) पहला (First) लड़का (Boy) कक्षा (Class)

接下来学习

ग्यारहवाँ (Eleventh) बीसवाँ (Twentieth) आधा (Half) चौथाई (Quarter)

高级

दशमलव (Decimal) दशक (Decade) दशम (Sanskrit Tenth) दहाई (Tens place)

需要掌握的语法

Ordinal formation

Add '-vām̃' to numbers from 5 onwards.

Gender agreement

दसवाँ (M), दसवीं (F).

Number agreement

दसवाँ (S), दसवें (P).

Oblique case transformation

दसवाँ becomes दसवें before postpositions.

Nasalization rule

The final vowel in '-vām̃' must be nasalized.

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按水平分级的例句

यह दसवाँ लड़का है।

This is the tenth boy.

Masculine singular usage.

दसवाँ दिन बहुत ठंडा था।

The tenth day was very cold.

Ordinal adjective modifying 'din' (day).

वह दसवाँ घर है।

That is the tenth house.

Simple demonstrative sentence.

दसवाँ नंबर मेरा है।

The tenth number is mine.

'Number' is masculine in Hindi.

यहाँ दसवाँ पेड़ है।

The tenth tree is here.

Locative sentence structure.

दसवाँ संतरा छोटा है।

The tenth orange is small.

Adjective-noun agreement.

यह मेरा दसवाँ साल है।

This is my tenth year.

'Saal' (year) is masculine.

दसवाँ आदमी कौन है?

Who is the tenth man?

Interrogative sentence.

मैं दसवीं कक्षा में हूँ।

I am in the tenth grade.

Feminine form 'dasvīm̃' for 'kaksha'.

दसवीं बार मत पूछो।

Don't ask for the tenth time.

Feminine form 'dasvīm̃' for 'baar'.

वह दसवें कमरे में रहता है।

He lives in the tenth room.

Oblique masculine form 'dasvēm̃' due to 'mein'.

दसवीं तारीख को आना।

Come on the tenth date.

Feminine form for 'taarikh'.

यह मेरी दसवीं किताब है।

This is my tenth book.

Feminine form for 'kitab'.

दसवें डिब्बे में क्या है?

What is in the tenth box?

Oblique masculine form.

वह दसवीं मंजिल पर है।

It is on the tenth floor.

Feminine form for 'manzil'.

दसवें ओवर में छक्का लगा।

A six was hit in the tenth over.

Oblique masculine form for 'over'.

हमने अपनी दसवीं सालगिरह मनाई।

We celebrated our tenth anniversary.

Feminine form for 'saalgirah'.

दसवें दिन बारिश रुक गई।

On the tenth day, the rain stopped.

Oblique masculine form.

यह इस श्रृंखला का दसवाँ भाग है।

This is the tenth part of this series.

Masculine form for 'bhag'.

दसवीं कक्षा के छात्र यहाँ आएँ।

Students of the tenth grade, come here.

Genitive construction.

वह अपने परिवार का दसवाँ सदस्य है।

He is the tenth member of his family.

Masculine form for 'sadasya'.

दसवें स्थान पर कौन आया?

Who came in the tenth place?

Oblique masculine form for 'sthaan'.

दसवीं सदी में यह मंदिर बना था।

This temple was built in the tenth century.

Feminine form for 'sadi'.

दुकान का दसवाँ ग्राहक लकी था।

The shop's tenth customer was lucky.

Masculine form for 'graahak'.

भारत दुनिया की दसवीं सबसे बड़ी अर्थव्यवस्था है।

India is the tenth largest economy in the world.

Feminine form for 'arthvyavastha'.

दसवें अध्याय के अंत में एक सारांश है।

There is a summary at the end of the tenth chapter.

Oblique masculine form for 'adhyaay'.

उसने दसवीं बार कोशिश की और सफल हुआ।

He tried for the tenth time and succeeded.

Feminine form used adverbially.

दसवें साल के बाद कंपनी को मुनाफा हुआ।

After the tenth year, the company made a profit.

Oblique masculine form.

यह इस लेखक का दसवाँ उपन्यास है।

This is the author's tenth novel.

Masculine form for 'upanyas'.

दसवीं रिपोर्ट में सारा विवरण दिया गया है।

All details are given in the tenth report.

Feminine form for 'report'.

गाड़ी दसवें किलोमीटर पर खराब हो गई।

The car broke down at the tenth kilometer.

Oblique masculine form for 'kilometer'.

यह हमारी दसवीं मुलाकात है।

This is our tenth meeting.

Feminine form for 'mulaqat'.

लेखक ने अपनी आत्मकथा के दसवें खंड में इस घटना का उल्लेख किया है।

The author mentioned this incident in the tenth volume of his autobiography.

Complex oblique usage.

दसवीं पंचवर्षीय योजना का मुख्य उद्देश्य विकास था।

The main objective of the tenth five-year plan was development.

Formal administrative Hindi.

योग शास्त्र में दसवें द्वार का विशेष महत्व है।

The tenth door has special significance in Yoga philosophy.

Philosophical context.

दशम ग्रंथ में गुरु गोबिंद सिंह जी की रचनाएँ हैं।

The Dasam Granth contains the compositions of Guru Gobind Singh Ji.

Use of the Sanskritized 'Dasham'.

दसवें दशक के दौरान तकनीक में भारी बदलाव आए।

During the tenth decade, there were massive changes in technology.

Abstract temporal reference.

उसकी आवाज़ दसवें घर तक सुनाई दे रही थी।

His voice could be heard as far as the tenth house.

Hyperbolic/Spatial usage.

दसवीं पुण्यतिथि पर एक भव्य समारोह आयोजित किया गया।

A grand ceremony was organized on the tenth death anniversary.

Formal feminine usage.

दसवें पायदान पर पहुँचने के लिए बहुत मेहनत चाहिए।

Great effort is needed to reach the tenth step/level.

Metaphorical usage.

दशमेश पिता के रूप में गुरु गोबिंद सिंह का स्मरण किया जाता है।

Guru Gobind Singh is remembered as the 'Tenth Father'.

Compound word 'Dashmesh' (Dasham + Ish).

ब्रह्मांड के दसवें आयाम की परिकल्पना जटिल है।

The hypothesis of the tenth dimension of the universe is complex.

Scientific/Theoretical context.

दसवीं सदी के शिलालेखों से इतिहास का पता चलता है।

History is revealed from tenth-century inscriptions.

Historical academic Hindi.

उसने अपने तर्क के दसवें बिंदु को बड़ी चतुराई से प्रस्तुत किया।

He cleverly presented the tenth point of his argument.

Rhetorical usage.

दार्शनिक रूप से, दसवाँ चरण पूर्णता का प्रतीक है।

Philosophically, the tenth step is a symbol of perfection.

Abstract philosophical usage.

दसवें वित्त आयोग की सिफारिशें महत्वपूर्ण थीं।

The recommendations of the tenth Finance Commission were important.

High-level political/economic Hindi.

कविता की दसवीं पंक्ति में एक गहरा रूपक है।

There is a deep metaphor in the tenth line of the poem.

Literary analysis.

दसवें द्वार का खुलना आध्यात्मिक जागृति माना जाता है।

The opening of the tenth door is considered spiritual awakening.

Esoteric terminology.

常见搭配

दसवीं कक्षा

दसवीं सालगिरह

दसवाँ हिस्सा

दसवाँ अध्याय

दसवीं बार

दसवाँ ओवर

दसवीं मंजिल

दसवीं तारीख

दसवाँ स्थान

दसवाँ दिन

常用短语

दसवीं पास

— Someone who has cleared the 10th-grade exams.

वह दसवीं पास है।

दसवें दिन का काम

— Work scheduled for the tenth day.

यह दसवें दिन का काम है।

दसवीं की परीक्षा

— The 10th board examinations.

दसवीं की परीक्षा कठिन होती है।

दसवाँ नंबर

— The tenth item in a list.

मेरा दसवाँ नंबर है।

दसवीं सदी

— The tenth century.

दसवीं सदी का इतिहास।

दसवीं रिपोर्ट

— The tenth report in a sequence.

दसवीं रिपोर्ट पेश करो।

दसवें पायदान पर

— At the tenth level or rank.

वह दसवें पायदान पर है।

दसवाँ बच्चा

— The tenth child.

वह परिवार का दसवाँ बच्चा है।

दसवीं मंजिल

— The tenth floor.

लिफ्ट दसवीं मंजिल पर है।

दसवीं बार कोशिश

— Trying for the tenth time.

यह उसकी दसवीं बार कोशिश थी।

容易混淆的词

दसवाँ vs दस (Das)

Das is '10' (quantity); Dasvām̃ is '10th' (order).

दसवाँ vs दशमी (Dashami)

Dashami is a specific noun for the 10th lunar day, not a general adjective.

दसवाँ vs दहाई (Dahai)

Dahai refers to the concept of 'tens' or a 'decade', not the 10th item.

习语与表达

"दसवाँ द्वार"

— The 'tenth gate' in spiritual practice, referring to the crown chakra.

योग में दसवें द्वार का खुलना मोक्ष है।

Spiritual

"दसवीं का चाँद"

— Something rare or specific to a time (often used poetically).

वह दसवीं के चाँद की तरह चमक रहा है।

Poetic

"दसवीं पार करना"

— To overcome a major initial hurdle in life (referencing school).

एक बार दसवीं पार कर लो, फिर मज़ा है।

Informal

"दसवें आसमान पर"

— Extremely high or proud (similar to 'seventh heaven' but used for pride).

जीत के बाद वह दसवें आसमान पर है।

Informal

"दसवाँ हिस्सा भी नहीं"

— Not even a tenth part; very little compared to something else.

यह तो उसका दसवाँ हिस्सा भी नहीं है।

Neutral

"दसवीं के बोर्ड"

— Refers to the stress and importance of the 10th grade exams.

अभी तो दसवीं के बोर्ड का डर है।

Colloquial

"दसवें दिन की शुद्धि"

— Ritual purification on the tenth day.

दसवें दिन की शुद्धि हो गई।

Religious

"दसवाँ अवतार"

— The final or tenth incarnation (Kalki in Hinduism).

लोग दसवें अवतार का इंतज़ार कर रहे हैं।

Religious

"दसवीं की मार्कशीट"

— Symbol of basic qualification.

नौकरी के लिए दसवीं की मार्कशीट चाहिए।

General

"दसवीं बार समझाना"

— Explaining repeatedly without success.

मैं तुम्हें दसवीं बार समझा रहा हूँ।

Neutral

容易混淆

दसवाँ vs दिस (Dis)

Phonetically similar to the first syllable.

Dis is not a Hindi word; Das is 10.

दस (10) vs दिस (N/A)

दसवाँ vs दसवीं (Dasvīm̃)

Gender variation.

Use for feminine nouns like 'kaksha'.

दसवीं कक्षा

दसवाँ vs दसवें (Dasvēm̃)

Case/Plural variation.

Use for masculine plural or before postpositions.

दसवें दिन

दसवाँ vs दशम (Dasham)

Synonym.

Sanskritized/Formal version.

दशम अध्याय

दसवाँ vs दासा (Dasa)

Phonetically similar.

Dasa can mean 'servant' (though usually 'daas').

वह दास है।

句型

यह [Noun] दसवाँ है।

यह कमरा दसवाँ है।

मैं [F-Noun] दसवीं बार [Verb] रहा हूँ।

मैं दसवीं बार पढ़ रहा हूँ।

वह [M-Noun + Postposition] दसवें [Noun] में है।

वह दसवें डिब्बे में है।

आज मेरी [F-Noun] दसवीं [Noun] है।

आज मेरी दसवीं सालगिरह है।

क्रम में [Noun] दसवाँ है।

लाइन में वह दसवाँ है।

[Noun] का दसवाँ हिस्सा [Verb] है।

ज़मीन का दसवाँ हिस्सा खाली है।

[Noun] की दसवीं [Noun] पर [Verb] हुआ।

लेखक की दसवीं पुण्यतिथि पर कार्यक्रम हुआ।

दशम [Noun] का [Noun] [Verb] है।

दशम ग्रंथ का पाठ हो रहा है।

词族

名词

दस (Ten)

दहाई (Decade/Ten)

दशमी (10th lunar day)

दशम (Tenth - noun form in Sanskrit)

动词

दगुना करना (To decuple - though rare, related to roots)

形容词

दसवाँ (Tenth)

दसवीं (Tenth - Fem)

दसवें (Tenth - Plural/Oblique)

दशम (Tenth - Formal)

如何使用

frequency

Very high, especially in educational and temporal contexts.

常见错误

दसवाँ कक्षा → दसवीं कक्षा
Class (kaksha) is feminine, so the adjective must be 'dasvīm̃'.
दसवाँ दिन में → दसवें दिन में
The postposition 'mein' requires the oblique form 'dasvēm̃'.
दस किताब → दसवीं किताब
If you mean 'the 10th book' (order), use 'dasvīm̃'. 'Das kitab' means '10 books' (quantity).
दसवाँ तारीख → दसवीं तारीख
Date (taarikh) is feminine in Hindi.
दसवाँ बार → दसवीं बार
'Baar' (time/occurrence) is feminine.

小贴士

Check the Noun

Always look at the noun following 'dasvām̃'. If it's feminine like 'mulaqat' or 'kitab', switch to 'dasvīm̃' immediately.

Nasalize It

The 'chandrabindu' is not just for decoration. Ensure you nasalize the final vowel to sound authentic.

School Talk

If you are in India and someone mentions 'Dasvīm̃', they are almost certainly talking about the 10th-grade board exams.

Suffix Pattern

Learn the '-vām̃' suffix. It works for 5th (pānchvām̃), 6th (chhaṭhvām̃), 7th (sātvām̃), etc.

Watch for Postpositions

If you see 'ko', 'se', or 'mein', change 'dasvām̃' to 'dasvēm̃' for masculine nouns.

Religious Dates

Recognize 'Dashami' as the 10th day of the lunar cycle. It's linguistically related to 'dasvām̃'.

Spelling

The spelling is द (da) + स (sa) + वाँ (vām̃). Don't forget the dot!

Confidence

Ordinal numbers are key for giving directions. 'Dasvēm̃ mod se mudna' (Turn at the tenth turn).

Sports

Listen to cricket commentary to hear 'dasvām̃ over' or 'dasvām̃ wicket' frequently.

Association

Associate 'Dasvām̃' with a 'Van' (the vehicle) to remember the suffix.

记住它

记忆技巧

Think of 'Das' (10) and add 'Vaan' (like a van carrying the 10th person). Das-Vaan = Tenth.

视觉联想

Visualize a line of 10 people. The 10th person is wearing a giant 'V' (for Vām̃) on their shirt.

Word Web

दस दसवीं दसवें दशम दशमी दहाई दशक दशमलव

挑战

Try to find 10 objects in your room. Point to each and count, but when you reach the last one, say 'Yeh दसवाँ [object name] hai' using the correct gender.

词源

Derived from the Sanskrit word 'Dashama' (दशम), meaning tenth. The Hindi suffix '-vām̃' evolved from the Middle Indo-Aryan '-ama' and '-vama' suffixes used to form ordinals.

原始含义： Coming after the ninth position in a decimal system.

Indo-Aryan -> Sanskrit -> Prakrit -> Apabhramsha -> Old Hindi -> Modern Hindi.

文化背景

Be careful when using 'Dasvi' in the context of mourning; ensure the context is appropriate as it refers to funeral rites.

In English, 'tenth' is simple. In Hindi, the cultural weight of '10th grade' (Dasvīm̃) is much higher than '10th grade' in the US or UK.

Dasvi (2022 film starring Abhishek Bachchan about a politician giving 10th exams) Dasham Granth (Sacred text of Sikhism) Vijayadashami (Festival of Dussehra)

在生活中练习

真实语境

In School

दसवीं कक्षा
दसवीं के बोर्ड
दसवीं का रिजल्ट
दसवीं की मार्कशीट

In a Building

दसवीं मंजिल
दसवाँ कमरा
दसवीं सीढ़ी
दसवाँ फ्लैट

Temporal/Dates

दसवाँ दिन
दसवीं तारीख
दसवीं सालगिरह
दसवीं सदी

In a Queue

दसवाँ व्यक्ति
दसवाँ नंबर
दसवीं गाड़ी
दसवीं टिकट

Sports

दसवाँ ओवर
दसवाँ गोल
दसवाँ विकेट
दसवाँ स्थान

对话开场白

"क्या आप दसवीं कक्षा के छात्र हैं?"

"आपकी शादी की दसवीं सालगिरह कब है?"

"क्या आप इस इमारत की दसवीं मंजिल पर रहते हैं?"

"क्या यह दसवीं बार है जब आप भारत आए हैं?"

"दसवें अध्याय में सबसे महत्वपूर्ण बात क्या है?"

日记主题

अपने जीवन के दसवें साल की कोई याद लिखें।

अगर आपको दसवें स्थान पर आने का इनाम मिले, तो आपको कैसा लगेगा?

दसवीं कक्षा की बोर्ड परीक्षा का अनुभव कैसा था या कैसा होगा?

दसवीं सालगिरह मनाने के लिए एक योजना लिखें।

किताब के दसवें अध्याय का सारांश लिखें।

常见问题

10 个问题

'Das' is the number 10, used for counting quantity (e.g., 10 apples). 'Dasvām̃' is the ordinal number '10th', used for showing position (e.g., the 10th apple in a row).

Use 'Dasvīm̃' when the noun it describes is feminine. Common examples include 'kaksha' (class), 'baar' (time), 'manzil' (floor), and 'taarikh' (date).

It changes to 'Dasvēm̃' in two cases: when the noun is masculine plural, or when the masculine singular noun is followed by a postposition like 'mein' (in), 'se' (from), or 'ko' (to).

The 'ām̃' at the end is a nasalized long vowel. It sounds like you are saying 'ah' while letting some air escape through your nose. Do not pronounce a hard 'n' at the end.

Yes, 'Dasham' is a Sanskritized synonym for 'tenth'. It is used in formal literature and religious texts, while 'Dasvām̃' is used in everyday conversation.

It is a common Indian phrase meaning someone has successfully graduated from the 10th grade (secondary school).

Yes, but since 'taarikh' (date) is feminine, you would usually say 'dasvīm̃ taarikh' (the 10th date).

You can say 'dasvām̃ hissa', which literally means 'the tenth part'.

It is a major Hindu festival (Dussehra) celebrated on the 'Dashami' (10th day) of the month of Ashvin.

Yes, 'dasvām̃ aadmi' means the tenth man. If it's a woman, use 'dasvīm̃ aurat'.

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