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B1 noun #2,000 最常用 9分钟阅读

行事

gyoji 前2,000

At the A1 level, you should know that 'gyōji' means 'event.' You will mostly hear it in the context of school. For example, 'gakkō no gyōji' (school event). It is a noun. You can use it to talk about simple things like a sports day or a holiday. At this stage, just remember that it's a word for a special day at school or in your town. You might see it on a calendar. It is different from a 'party' because it is usually organized by a school or a city. When you see this word, think of a 'special scheduled day.' You don't need to worry about complex grammar yet; just know that 'gyōji' is a thing you go to. Example: 'Ashita wa gyōji ga arimasu' (There is an event tomorrow).

At the A2 level, you start to understand that 'gyōji' refers to organized activities. You can distinguish between 'ibento' (casual/commercial events) and 'gyōji' (formal/traditional events). You should be able to use verbs like 'sanka suru' (to participate) with it. For example, 'Chiiki no gyōji ni sanka shimasu' (I will participate in a community event). You also learn about 'nenjū gyōji' (annual events), which are important in Japanese culture. You can talk about your favorite school events or local festivals using this word. It's helpful to know that 'gyōji' are usually planned well in advance. You might see a 'gyōji yoteihyō' (event schedule) on a notice board. This word helps you describe the rhythm of life in Japan.

At the B1 level, you should use 'gyōji' to discuss cultural traditions and social structures. You understand that 'gyōji' are not just fun activities but are often tied to Japanese identity and the four seasons. You can use more formal verbs like 'okonau' (to conduct/hold) instead of just 'aru.' You can explain why certain 'gyōji' are important, such as 'dentō-teki na gyōji' (traditional events). You also recognize the word in professional contexts, like 'shanaigyōji' (internal company events). You are beginning to see the difference between 'gyōji' and 'gishiki' (ritual), where 'gyōji' is the broader event. You can write short paragraphs about Japanese seasonal customs using this term accurately.

At the B2 level, you can use 'gyōji' to discuss the sociological aspects of Japanese society. You can talk about how 'gyōji' foster community spirit or how they have changed in modern times. You understand the nuance of 'kōshiki gyōji' (official functions) and can use the word in formal reports or presentations. You are comfortable with compounds like 'kōteki gyōji' (public events) and can discuss the logistical aspects, such as 'gyōji no un'ei' (management of an event). You can also use the word to compare Japanese customs with those of your own country, noting the level of formality and the specific procedures involved. Your vocabulary allows you to describe the atmosphere of a 'gyōji' using diverse adjectives.

At the C1 level, you have a deep understanding of the historical and cultural connotations of 'gyōji.' You can analyze the role of 'nenjū gyōji' in maintaining social order and cultural continuity. You use the word fluently in academic or professional discussions about Japanese culture, history, or sociology. You can distinguish between the subtle nuances of 'gyōji,' 'saiten,' and 'moyōshi' in complex texts. You are capable of discussing the impact of globalization on traditional 'gyōji' and can use the term in high-level writing, such as essays or business proposals. You understand the specific terminology used in different types of 'gyōji,' such as those related to the Imperial Family or specific religious sects.

At the C2 level, you possess a native-like grasp of 'gyōji' and its place in the Japanese linguistic landscape. You can interpret the philosophical underpinnings of rituals within a 'gyōji' and discuss them with nuance. You are familiar with archaic or highly specialized forms of 'gyōji' mentioned in classical literature or historical documents. You can use the word in any context, from casual conversation to the most formal legal or diplomatic settings, always selecting the appropriate register. You can critically evaluate the evolution of 'gyōji' throughout Japanese history and articulate complex ideas about the intersection of tradition and modernity. Your usage is indistinguishable from that of an educated native speaker.

开始练习例句笔记与提示

行事 30秒了解

Gyōji means a planned, formal, or traditional event, often occurring annually in schools, communities, or organizations.
It differs from 'ibento' (commercial/casual) and 'dekigoto' (unplanned incident) by its structured and institutional nature.
Commonly used in compounds like 'nenjū gyōji' (annual events) and 'gakkō gyōji' (school events).
Essential for describing the rhythmic, ritualized aspects of Japanese social and cultural life.

The Japanese word 行事 (ぎょうじ - gyōji) is a fundamental noun that translates to 'event,' 'function,' or 'ceremony.' However, its nuance is more specific than the English word 'event.' It primarily refers to scheduled, organized, and often traditional or formal activities that take place within a community, school, or organization. Unlike a random occurrence or a spontaneous party, a gyōji usually follows a set procedure and occurs at a predetermined time, often annually.

Etymology: The first kanji 行 (gyō) means 'to go,' 'to conduct,' or 'to carry out.' The second kanji 事 (ji) means 'thing,' 'matter,' or 'incident.' Together, they signify 'matters that are carried out' or 'conducted affairs.'

日本の学校には、一年を通してたくさんの行事があります。
(Japanese schools have many events throughout the year.)

In Japanese society, 行事 are the backbone of social cohesion. They mark the passage of time and the changing of seasons. For example, nenju gyōji (年中行事) refers to annual events like New Year's celebrations (Oshōgatsu) or the Star Festival (Tanabata). These are not just 'parties'; they are ritualized events that connect the present to the past. In a school context, gakkō gyōji (学校行事) includes the entrance ceremony, sports day, and graduation. These are essential parts of the curriculum, teaching students cooperation and discipline.

Scope: It covers religious rites, school festivals, corporate ceremonies, and national holidays.

伝統的な行事を守ることは大切です。
(It is important to preserve traditional events.)

When you use this word, you are implying a level of formality and planning. If a friend invites you to a casual movie night, you wouldn't call it a gyōji. However, if the local shrine hosts its annual summer festival, that is definitely a gyōji. It carries a weight of communal participation. In modern Japanese, while 'event' (イベント - ibento) is used for commercial or entertainment-focused gatherings, gyōji remains the preferred term for cultural, educational, and official functions.

今週末、地域交流の行事が行われます。
(A community exchange event will be held this weekend.)

Grammar Note: Commonly paired with the verb 'okonau' (行う - to hold/conduct) or 'sanka suru' (参加する - to participate).

明日の行事は雨天決行です。
(Tomorrow's event will proceed rain or shine.)

季節の行事を楽しみましょう。
(Let's enjoy the seasonal events.)

Using 行事 correctly requires understanding the context of the 'event.' It is most frequently used in formal or semi-formal settings. In schools, businesses, and local governments, it is the standard term for scheduled activities. To use it naturally, you should pair it with verbs that indicate execution or participation.

Verb Pairings: 1. 行事を行う (Gyōji o okonau) - To hold an event.
2. 行事に参加する (Gyōji ni sanka suru) - To participate in an event.
3. 行事を中止する (Gyōji o chūshi suru) - To cancel an event.

来月の行事の予定を確認してください。
(Please check the schedule for next month's events.)

When describing the nature of the event, you often use a noun or adjective before gyōji. For example, dentō-teki na gyōji (traditional events) or kōshiki na gyōji (official events). In a professional context, you might hear about shanaigyōji (社内行事), which are internal company events like anniversary ceremonies or training retreats. Using gyōji in these cases emphasizes that the event is a formal part of the organization's calendar.

Common Compounds: - 年中行事 (Nenjū gyōji): Annual events.
- 学校行事 (Gakkō gyōji): School events.
- 公式行事 (Kōshiki gyōji): Official functions.

卒業式は、学校にとって最も重要な行事の一つです。
(Graduation is one of the most important events for a school.)

In writing, gyōji is often used in invitations, announcements, and reports. It conveys a sense of structure and importance. For instance, a neighborhood association might send out a flyer titled 'Autumn Community Event' using the word gyōji to signal that this is a recognized activity for all residents. It implies that there will be a program, a start and end time, and likely some form of traditional or communal significance.

その行事には、多くの市民が参加しました。
(Many citizens participated in that event.)

Sentence Patterns: [Place] + の + [Type] + 行事 + に + 出席する (To attend a [Type] event at [Place]).

皇室の行事は、厳かに行われます。
(Imperial family ceremonies are conducted solemnly.)

この行事は、古くからこの地域に伝わっています。
(This event has been passed down in this region since ancient times.)

You will encounter the word 行事 in various spheres of Japanese life, from the classroom to the boardroom. Its presence is ubiquitous because Japanese culture is highly ritualized and values the collective experience of time. Understanding where you'll hear it helps you grasp its social weight.

Educational Settings: Teachers and students use it daily. 'Next week is a school event (gakkō gyōji), so there are no regular classes.' This includes sports festivals (undōkai), cultural festivals (bunkasai), and field trips (ensoku).

明日は学校の行事でお弁当が必要です。
(Tomorrow is a school event, so a lunch box is required.)

In the news and media, gyōji is used to report on national traditions. During the New Year period, news anchors will discuss 'New Year events' (shinnen no gyōji) across the country. It is also the standard term used when discussing the activities of the Imperial Family. When the Emperor performs a ritual, it is always referred to as a gyōji, never an 'ibento.' This highlights the word's association with dignity and tradition.

Community & Government: Local city halls use it in their newsletters (kōhō) to announce town festivals, disaster drills, or health check-up days. It implies a service or activity provided for the public good.

地域の行事に積極的に参加しましょう。
(Let's actively participate in community events.)

In the workplace, gyōji appears in the company calendar. While a meeting is just a 'kaigi,' a company-wide foundation day ceremony or a formal year-end party (bōnenkai) might be categorized under 'company events.' It suggests that the activity is part of the corporate culture and identity. If you are working in Japan, paying attention to the gyōji schedule is crucial for understanding the rhythm of the organization.

今月は社内行事が多くて忙しいです。
(This month is busy with many internal company events.)

Religious Contexts: Shrines and temples use 'gyōji' to describe their rituals, such as 'Setsubun' (bean-throwing) or 'Higan' (equinox services).

寺院の伝統的な行事を見学した。
(I observed a traditional temple ceremony.)

季節ごとの行事を大切にする文化。
(A culture that values seasonal events.)

While 行事 is a versatile word, learners often misuse it by applying it to the wrong types of 'events' or confusing it with similar-sounding words. The most common mistake is using it for casual, unplanned, or purely commercial activities.

Gyōji vs. Ibento (イベント): 'Ibento' is used for marketing events, concerts, or sales. 'Gyōji' is for social, traditional, or institutional events. Calling a rock concert a 'gyōji' would sound very strange.

❌ 週末、友達と映画に行く行事があります。
✅ 週末、友達と映画に行く予定があります。
(Going to a movie with a friend is a 'plan' (yotei), not a 'gyōji'.)

Another mistake is confusing gyōji with dekigoto (出来事). Dekigoto refers to an incident, occurrence, or happening—often something unplanned or accidental. For example, 'a strange incident happened' would use dekigoto. Gyōji, by definition, is planned and conducted by people. You cannot have an 'accidental gyōji.'

Confusing with 'Gishiki' (儀式): 'Gishiki' means 'ritual' or 'ceremony' in a very strict, solemn sense (like a religious rite). While many 'gyōji' contain 'gishiki,' they are not always the same. A sports day is a 'gyōji' but not a 'gishiki.'

❌ 昨日の火事は大きな行事でした。
✅ 昨日の火事は大きな出来事でした。
(A fire is a 'dekigoto' (incident), not a 'gyōji'.)

Learners also sometimes forget the appropriate verbs. Using 'suru' (to do) with gyōji is grammatically possible but often sounds less natural than 'okonau' (to conduct) or 'sanka suru' (to participate). In formal writing, always prefer 'okonau.' Also, be careful with the particle: it's 'gyōji ni sanka suru' (participate in an event), not 'o sanka suru.'

❌ 行事を参加します。
✅ 行事に参加します。
(Use 'ni' for participation.)

Overuse: Don't call every meeting or gathering a 'gyōji.' If it's just a meeting, use 'kaigi.' If it's a party, use 'pātī.'

❌ 今日のランチ行事はどうでしたか？
✅ 今日のランチはどうでしたか？
(Lunch is not a 'gyōji' unless it's a formal state banquet.)

その行事は毎年恒例です。
(That event is an annual tradition.)

Japanese has several words for 'event' or 'ceremony,' each with a distinct nuance. Choosing the right one is key to sounding natural. Let's compare 行事 with its closest synonyms.

行事 (Gyōji) vs. イベント (Ibento): Gyōji: Formal, traditional, community-based, or institutional (e.g., school sports day).
Ibento: Modern, commercial, entertainment-focused, or one-off (e.g., a smartphone launch event).

伝統的な行事 (Traditional event) vs. 販促イベント (Sales promotion event).

行事 (Gyōji) vs. 催し (Moyōshi): Gyōji: Focuses on the 'conducted matter' and its place in a schedule.
Moyōshi: Focuses on the 'gathering' or 'hosting' aspect. Often used for exhibitions, performances, or social gatherings held by an organization.

デパートの催し物 (Department store event/exhibition).

行事 (Gyōji) vs. 儀式 (Gishiki): Gyōji: A broader term for the whole event.
Gishiki: The specific ritual or formal procedure within an event. A wedding is a gyōji, but the exchange of rings is a gishiki.

行事 (Gyōji) vs. 祭典 (Saiten): Saiten: A grand festival or celebration (e.g., the Olympics is a 'sport no saiten'). It sounds much more grand and celebratory than a standard gyōji.

文化の祭典 (A festival of culture).

Finally, consider dekigoto (出来事), which we discussed in the 'Common Mistakes' section. Remember that gyōji is always human-led and planned, while dekigoto is just something that happens. In summary, use gyōji for things on a calendar, ibento for things in a commercial flyer, gishiki for the solemn parts of a ceremony, and moyōshi for exhibitions or social gatherings hosted by an entity.

様々な行事を通じて、日本の文化を学びましょう。
(Let's learn Japanese culture through various events.)

恒例の行事が今年も開催されます。
(The customary event will be held again this year.)

How Formal Is It?

正式

难度评级

需要掌握的语法

按水平分级的例句

学校の行事があります。

There is a school event.

Subject + no + Noun

明日は行事の日です。

Tomorrow is the day of the event.

Noun + no + Noun

この行事は楽しいです。

This event is fun.

Adjective + Noun

行事に行きますか？

Are you going to the event?

Question form

行事は10時からです。

The event starts from 10 o'clock.

Time + kara

おもしろい行事ですね。

It's an interesting event, isn't it?

Sentence ending particle 'ne'

行事で写真を撮りました。

I took photos at the event.

Location particle 'de'

行事の予定は何ですか？

What is the schedule for the event?

Noun + no + Noun

地域の行事に参加します。

I will participate in a community event.

Ni + sanka suru

日本の年中行事を知っていますか？

Do you know about Japanese annual events?

Compound noun

昨日の行事はとても賑やかでした。

Yesterday's event was very lively.

Past tense adjective

雨で行事が中止になりました。

The event was cancelled due to rain.

Reason + de

伝統的な行事を守りたいです。

I want to preserve traditional events.

Tai form (desire)

行事の準備を手伝ってください。

Please help with the event preparations.

Te-form + kudasai

この行事は毎年行われます。

This event is held every year.

Passive form (okonawareru)

行事にはたくさんの人が来ました。

Many people came to the event.

Particle 'ni wa' for emphasis

学校行事を通じて、生徒たちは協力することを学びます。

Through school events, students learn to cooperate.

O tsūjite (through)

この行事は、江戸時代から続いています。

This event has continued since the Edo period.

Te-iru (continuation)

社内行事の企画を担当することになった。

I have been put in charge of planning internal company events.

Koto ni naru (it has been decided)

季節の行事を大切にするのが日本の文化です。

Valuing seasonal events is Japanese culture.

No ga (nominalization)

行事の成功のために、みんなで努力しました。

We all worked hard for the success of the event.

No tame ni (for the sake of)

どのような行事が行われるのか、教えてください。

Please tell me what kind of events are held.

Indirect question

行事の規模は、年々大きくなっています。

The scale of the event is growing year by year.

Nen-nen (year by year)

伝統行事には、特別な料理が欠かせません。

Special food is indispensable for traditional events.

Kakasenai (indispensable)

行事の運営には、多額の費用がかかります。

Managing the event requires a large amount of money.

Noun + ni wa (for the purpose of)

その行事は、地域の活性化を目的としています。

The event aims to revitalize the local community.

O mokuteki to shite iru

公式な行事では、礼儀正しい振る舞いが求められます。

In official functions, polite behavior is required.

Passive voice (motomerareru)

行事の内容が一部変更される可能性があります。

There is a possibility that part of the event content will be changed.

Kanōsei ga aru

彼は、様々な行事の司会を務めてきた。

He has served as the master of ceremonies for various events.

Te-kita (past to present)

行事の歴史を紐解くと、興味深い事実がわかります。

Unraveling the history of the event reveals interesting facts.

To (conditional)

この行事は、宗教的な意味合いが強い。

This event has strong religious connotations.

Noun + ga tsuyoi

行事への参加を呼びかけるポスターを作った。

I made a poster calling for participation in the event.

E no (towards)

年中行事は、日本人の生活リズムを規定する重要な要素である。

Annual events are an important element that defines the rhythm of Japanese life.

Formal copula 'dearu'

伝統行事の継承が、過疎化によって危ぶまれている。

The succession of traditional events is being threatened by depopulation.

Passive voice (ayabumarete iru)

皇室行事の厳かな雰囲気は、見る者を圧倒する。

The solemn atmosphere of Imperial events overwhelms the viewer.

Miru mono (those who see)

行事の形式化が進む一方で、その本質が失われつつある。

While the formalization of events progresses, their essence is being lost.

Tsutsu aru (in the process of)

地域の行事は、住民同士の絆を深める役割を担っている。

Community events play a role in deepening the bonds between residents.

Yakuwari o ninau

行事の開催にあたって、安全対策を徹底する必要がある。

In holding the event, it is necessary to ensure thorough safety measures.

Ni atatte (upon/at the time of)

その行事は、単なる娯楽を超えた精神的な意義を持っている。

The event has a spiritual significance that goes beyond mere entertainment.

O koeta (exceeding)

行事の変遷を調査することで、社会の変化が見えてくる。

By investigating the transition of events, social changes become visible.

Koto de (by means of)

行事の根底に流れる通奏低音としての信仰心を考察する。

Examine the religious faith that flows as a basso continuo at the base of the event.

Metaphorical usage

国家的な行事は、政治的な意図を孕んでいる場合が少なくない。

National events are often fraught with political intentions.

Harande iru (pregnant with/fraught with)

行事の儀礼的側面が、社会秩序の再生産に寄与している。

The ritualistic aspects of events contribute to the reproduction of social order.

Academic terminology

伝統行事の現代的変容は、文化人類学的な視点からも興味深い。

The modern transformation of traditional events is interesting from a cultural anthropological perspective.

Compound academic terms

行事における象徴的行為の意味を、多角的に分析する必要がある。

It is necessary to analyze the meaning of symbolic acts in events from multiple perspectives.

Takaku-teki ni (multidimensionally)

行事の消滅は、地域コミュニティのアイデンティティの喪失に直結する。

The disappearance of events directly leads to the loss of identity of local communities.

Chokketsu suru (directly linked)

行事の執行に関わる権力構造を解明することが、本研究の目的である。

The purpose of this research is to clarify the power structure involved in the execution of events.

Formal research language

行事は、時間という抽象的な概念を可視化する装置として機能する。

Events function as a device to visualize the abstract concept of time.

Sōchi to shite kinō suru

常见搭配

行事を行う (Hold an event)

行事に参加する (Participate in an event)

行事を中止する (Cancel an event)

行事を企画する (Plan an event)

行事を楽しむ (Enjoy an event)

行事が重なる (Events overlap)

行事を守る (Preserve an event/tradition)

行事に出席する (Attend an event)

行事を運営する (Manage an event)

行事を盛り上げる (Liven up an event)

常用短语

年中行事 (Annual events)

学校行事 (School events)

社内行事 (Internal company events)

伝統行事 (Traditional events)

公式行事 (Official functions)

季節の行事 (Seasonal events)

地域の行事 (Community events)

皇室行事 (Imperial events)

宗教行事 (Religious events)

記念行事 (Commemorative events)

容易混淆的词

行事 vs イベント (Ibento)

Ibento is more modern/commercial; Gyōji is more traditional/formal.

行事 vs 出来事 (Dekigoto)

Dekigoto is an unplanned incident; Gyōji is a planned event.

行事 vs 儀式 (Gishiki)

Gishiki is a specific ritual; Gyōji is the whole event.

习语与表达

容易混淆

行事 vs

句型

[Organization] + の + 行事

学校の行事 (School event)

行事 + に + 参加する

行事に参加する (Participate in an event)

行事 + を + 行う

行事を行う (Hold an event)

伝統的な + 行事

伝統的な行事 (Traditional event)

季節の + 行事

季節の行事 (Seasonal event)

行事 + の + 予定

行事の予定 (Event schedule)

行事 + が + 中止になる

行事が中止になる (Event is cancelled)

年中 + 行事

年中行事 (Annual event)

如何使用

Nuance

Gyōji implies a collective, shared experience with a historical or institutional background.

Frequency

Very high in educational and community-related Japanese.

常见错误

小贴士

Seasonal Connection

Many 'gyōji' are tied to the seasons. When you learn a new 'gyōji,' try to remember which season it belongs to. This will help you understand Japanese culture better.

Calendar Check

Look at a Japanese calendar. The words written in small print next to certain dates are often 'nenjū gyōji.' This is a great way to see the word in action.

Verb Choice

Use 'okonau' for a formal 'held' and 'sanka suru' for 'participate.' This makes your Japanese sound much more natural and professional.

Compound Words

Learn 'nenjū gyōji' and 'gakkō gyōji' as single units. These are the most common ways you will encounter the word.

Gyōji vs. Ibento

If it's free and organized by the city, it's probably a 'gyōji.' If you have to buy a ticket for a concert, it's an 'ibento.'

Pitch Accent

The accent is on the first syllable (GYŌ-ji). Practicing this will help you avoid being misunderstood as saying 'gyōgi' (manners).

Kanji Practice

The kanji for 'gyō' (行) is very common. The kanji for 'ji' (事) is also used in 'shigoto.' Learning them together helps reinforce your kanji knowledge.

News Keywords

When you hear 'gyōji' on the news, it's usually followed by a description of a tradition. Use it as a cue to listen for cultural details.

Community Involvement

In Japan, being asked to help with a 'chiiki no gyōji' (community event) is a sign that you are being accepted into the neighborhood.

Contextual Learning

Instead of just 'event,' translate 'gyōji' as 'organized function' in your head to keep the nuance clear.

记住它

词源

Sino-Japanese (Kango)

文化背景

The Japanese school curriculum officially includes 'special activities' (tokubetsu katsudō), which are essentially gakkō gyōji.

Gyōji often require specific etiquette, such as wearing a suit to a graduation or a yukata to a summer festival.

Almost all traditional gyōji are tied to the lunar or solar calendar.

在生活中练习

真实语境

对话开场白

"一番好きな学校行事は何ですか？ (What is your favorite school event?)"

"今週末、何か地域の行事はありますか？ (Are there any community events this weekend?)"

"日本の年中行事について教えてください。 (Please tell me about Japanese annual events.)"

"社内行事にはいつも参加していますか？ (Do you always participate in company events?)"

"子供の頃、どんな行事が楽しみでしたか？ (What kind of events did you look forward to as a child?)"

日记主题

今日参加した行事について書いてください。 (Write about an event you participated in today.)

あなたの国の伝統的な行事を紹介してください。 (Introduce a traditional event from your country.)

行事は社会にとってなぜ重要だと思いますか？ (Why do you think events are important for society?)

印象に残っている学校行事は何ですか？ (What is a school event that left an impression on you?)

新しい行事を作るとしたら、どんなものにしますか？ (If you were to create a new event, what would it be?)

常见问题

10 个问题

Usually no. A birthday party is a private celebration, so 'pātī' or 'tanjōbi-kai' is better. However, if it's a formal state celebration of a King's birthday, it could be called a 'gyōji'.

'Matsuri' specifically means a festival, often with a religious or celebratory tone. 'Gyōji' is a broader term that includes festivals, but also entrance ceremonies, sports days, and official functions.

Yes, for formal company-wide events like the 'nyūshashiki' (entrance ceremony for new employees) or 'sōryo kinen gyōji' (anniversary events). Casual office drinks are not 'gyōji'.

The most common term is 'nenjū gyōji' (年中行事). It refers to things like New Year's, Obon, and Christmas that happen every year.

It is a standard word, but it carries a sense of formality because it refers to organized activities. It is the appropriate word for official contexts.

Only if it's an organized event like a 'sports day' (undōkai). A random soccer match between friends is not a 'gyōji'.

The most common verbs are 'okonau' (to hold), 'sanka suru' (to participate), and 'aru' (to be/exist).

A wedding is usually called 'kekkonshiki.' While it is technically a type of 'gyōji' (ceremony), people rarely use the word 'gyōji' to refer to a specific wedding unless speaking very broadly about social customs.

Like most Japanese nouns, it can be both. Context tells you if it's one event or many.

It refers to all the non-classroom activities in a school, like field trips, festivals, and ceremonies. They are considered an important part of education in Japan.