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지양하다

B2 verb #4,500 最常用 7分钟阅读

지양하다

jiyanghada 前4,500

开始练习例句笔记与提示 지양하다 30秒了解

解析 지양하다 in your Level:

At the A1 level, '지양하다' is too advanced. It is a formal word used in news or writing. For now, think of it as a very polite way to say 'Please don't do this' or 'Avoid this'. If you see it on a sign, it usually means the place wants you to be quiet or not use something. You don't need to use this word in your daily life yet. Instead, use '하지 마세요' (Please don't do) or '피하세요' (Avoid). Focus on basic verbs first, but if you see it in a reading passage, remember it means 'stopping a bad habit'.

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At the A2 level, you might start seeing '지양하다' in short public announcements or simple news clips. It is a formal verb that means 'to refrain from'. It is different from '피하다' because '피하다' is for physical things like avoiding a car, while '지양하다' is for behaviors. For example, '일회용품 사용을 지양해요' means 'Let's refrain from using disposables'. It sounds more professional than '쓰지 마세요'. You can start recognizing it in formal contexts, but you don't need to use it in casual conversation with friends.

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At the B1 level, you should understand that '지양하다' is used to discuss social issues or public rules. It means 'to move away from a certain direction' because it's not good. It is often used in the pattern 'A를 지양하고 B를 지향하다' (Avoid A and aim for B). This contrast is very common in Korean exams and news. You should be able to identify the object of the verb (the thing being avoided) and understand that the speaker is making a moral or logical argument for why that behavior should stop. It's a key word for understanding 'how things should be' in Korean society.

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At the B2 level, you should be able to use '지양하다' in your formal writing and presentations. This word is essential for discussing abstract concepts like 'excessive competition', 'lookism', or 'inefficient systems'. You should understand the nuance: it's not just 'avoiding', it's 'sublating'—rejecting a negative aspect to reach a higher level of development. You must be careful not to confuse it with '지향하다' (to aim for), as this is a common trap in the TOPIK II exam. Using this word correctly will significantly improve the 'sophistication' score of your Korean essays.

At the C1 level, you should have a deep grasp of '지양하다' including its philosophical roots in dialectics. You should be able to use it fluently in academic debates, policy analysis, and complex literary discussions. You'll recognize its use in criticizing structural problems in society. You should also be aware of the stylistic choice of using this word to sound more authoritative and objective. You can use it to critique ideologies or long-standing cultural practices. At this level, you should also be able to explain the difference between '지양하다', '삼가다', and '배제하다' to others.

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At the C2 level, '지양하다' is a tool for precise conceptual engineering. You understand how it functions in the 'Aufheben' sense in Hegelian philosophy and how that translates into the modern Korean socio-political landscape. You can use it to navigate delicate diplomatic or corporate communications where 'stopping' an action needs to be framed as a 'strategic evolution'. You are sensitive to how the word can sometimes be used as a euphemism in official statements. Your mastery includes knowing exactly when its use is necessary for professional gravitas and when it might sound too academic for a specific audience.

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开始练习例句笔记与提示

지양하다 30秒了解

A formal verb meaning to refrain from negative behaviors or social trends.
Crucial for academic writing and professional Korean communication.
Often confused with '지향하다' (to aim for), but means the opposite.
Used to suggest a better path by rejecting an old or bad one.

The Korean verb 지양하다 (止揚하다) is a sophisticated term that carries significant weight in both academic and professional discourse. At its core, it refers to the act of refraining from a certain behavior, avoiding a specific direction, or rejecting a negative practice in favor of a more constructive path. Unlike simple words for 'avoid' like 피하다, 지양하다 implies a conscious, often ethical or logical decision to move away from something that is perceived as detrimental to progress or social harmony. It is deeply rooted in the concept of dialectic progression, where one 'sublates' or moves beyond a lower state of being by discarding its negative elements.

Philosophical Origin: The term is the Korean translation of the Hegelian concept 'Aufheben'. In a philosophical sense, it means to abolish something while simultaneously preserving its essence in a higher form. However, in modern everyday Korean, the 'abolish' or 'refrain' aspect is much more dominant.
Social Context: You will frequently encounter this word in news editorials, corporate manifestos, and public service announcements. It is used when an authority or a collective group suggests that certain habits—like excessive plastic use, discriminatory language, or cutthroat competition—should be discouraged for the greater good.

우리 사회는 무분별한 개발을 지양하고 환경 보호에 앞장서야 합니다.
— Translation: Our society should refrain from reckless development and take the lead in environmental protection.

In business meetings, a manager might say, "비효율적인 회의 방식은 지양합시다" (Let's refrain from inefficient meeting methods). Here, the word elevates the tone from a simple command to a professional suggestion for systemic improvement. It suggests that the speaker has evaluated the current state and determined that a change in direction is necessary for growth. This is why it is a staple of B2-level Korean proficiency; it shows an ability to discuss abstract concepts and organizational values.

개인 정보 유출의 위험이 있으니 공공 와이파이 사용을 지양해 주시기 바랍니다.
— Translation: Please refrain from using public Wi-Fi as there is a risk of personal information leakage.

The 'Why' Behind the Word: We use this word because it implies a 'higher purpose'. You aren't just stopping an action; you are stopping it to achieve something better. Refraining from 'excessive consumption' (과소비) leads to 'sustainable living'. Refraining from 'prejudice' (편견) leads to 'equality'.

외모지상주의를 지양하는 문화가 확산되고 있다.
— Translation: A culture that discourages lookism is spreading.

Using 지양하다 correctly requires understanding its grammatical structure and its typical objects. It is a transitive verb, meaning it always takes an object—the thing or behavior that should be avoided. The standard pattern is [Noun] + 을/를 지양하다. Because it is a formal word, it is most often found in the ~ㅂ니다/습니다 or ~아/어/여요 endings, or in written forms like ~ㄴ다.

Common Objects: The objects are almost always negative traits or habits. Common examples include: 차별 (discrimination), 낭비 (waste), 폭력 (violence), 편견 (prejudice), and 경쟁 (competition - when used in a negative sense).

기업들은 단기적인 이익만을 추구하는 태도를 지양해야 합니다.
— Translation: Corporations must refrain from the attitude of pursuing only short-term profits.

One of the most critical aspects of using this word is the 지향 vs 지양 distinction. While 지향하다 (指向/志向) means to aim for or move toward a positive goal, 지양하다 means to move away from a negative one. In a single sentence, you can use both to show a clear shift in direction: "우리는 양적 성장을 지양하고 질적 성장을 지향합니다" (We refrain from quantitative growth and aim for qualitative growth).

지나친 간섭은 창의성을 해치므로 지양하는 것이 좋습니다.
— Translation: It is better to refrain from excessive interference as it hurts creativity.

Combining with Adverbs: You can strengthen the verb with adverbs like 철저히 (thoroughly) or 반드시 (necessarily/certainly). For example: "부정부패는 철저히 지양해야 할 구습입니다" (Corruption is an old habit that must be thoroughly avoided).

형식적인 절차보다는 실질적인 소통을 위해 불필요한 서류 작업을 지양합시다.
— Translation: Let's refrain from unnecessary paperwork for practical communication rather than formal procedures.

In South Korea, 지양하다 is a word of 'public morality' and 'intellectual discussion'. You are unlikely to hear it at a lively barbecue dinner with friends, but you will hear it the moment the television is turned to a news debate or a documentary about social issues. It is the language of the 'public square'.

In the News: News anchors often use it when reporting on government policy. For instance, "정부는 시장의 혼란을 막기 위해 급격한 금리 인상을 지양하기로 했습니다" (The government decided to refrain from rapid interest rate hikes to prevent market confusion). It conveys a sense of careful consideration and strategic avoidance.
In Education: Teachers and educational experts use it to discuss pedagogical shifts. You might hear: "주입식 교육을 지양하고 토론식 수업을 권장해야 합니다" (We should refrain from rote-learning and encourage discussion-based classes). It frames the 'old way' as something to be consciously left behind.

환경을 위해 일회용 컵 사용을 지양해 주세요.
— Translation: Please refrain from using disposable cups for the sake of the environment.

Another common place is in 'Announcements' (공지사항). If you are at a library, a sign might read: "과도한 소음 발생을 지양해 주십시오" (Please refrain from making excessive noise). Using 지양하다 instead of 하지 마세요 (Don't do it) makes the request sound more respectful and academic, appealing to the listener's sense of civic duty rather than just giving a blunt command.

방송에서 비속어 사용을 지양해야 한다는 목소리가 높다.
— Translation: There are many voices saying that the use of slang on broadcasts should be discouraged.

In Workplace Reviews: During performance reviews or strategy sessions, employees might suggest: "부서 간의 이기주의를 지양하고 협력을 강화합시다" (Let's refrain from inter-departmental selfishness and strengthen cooperation). It's a professional way to address internal friction.

자극적인 기사 제목을 지양하는 언론의 태도가 필요합니다.
— Translation: A media attitude that refrains from sensationalist headlines is needed.

The most common mistake—and it's one that even native Korean speakers make frequently—is confusing 지양하다 (refrain/avoid) with 지향하다 (aim/pursue). Because they sound almost identical and both deal with 'direction' and 'intent', they are often swapped accidentally, leading to sentences that mean the exact opposite of what was intended.

Confusion with '지향하다': If you say "행복을 지양합니다", you are saying "I refrain from happiness" (which sounds very sad!). You should say "행복을 지향합니다" (I aim for happiness). Conversely, saying "범죄를 지향합니다" means "I aim for crime," which is certainly not what you want to say.

[Wrong]: 평화를 지양합시다.
[Right]: 평화를 지향합시다.
— Note: Peace is a positive goal, so use '지향' (aim).

Another mistake is using 지양하다 for simple physical avoidance. You wouldn't use it to say "I'm avoiding the rain" or "I'm avoiding my ex-boyfriend". For those physical or personal situations, 피하다 is the correct choice. 지양하다 is reserved for abstract concepts, habits, or societal behaviors.

[Wrong]: 비를 지양하려고 우산을 썼어요.
[Right]: 비를 피하려고 우산을 썼어요.
— Note: Rain is a physical object/event, not a social practice.

Overusing Formality: Using this word in a casual text message to a friend about not eating junk food can come off as sarcastic or unnaturally formal. Stick to 안 하다 or 줄이다 (reduce) in casual conversation.

[Natural]: 야, 우리 탄산음료 좀 줄이자.
[Too Formal]: 우리 탄산음료 섭취를 지양하자.

While 지양하다 is unique in its philosophical depth, several other words share its semantic space depending on the level of formality and the specific context of 'avoidance'.

지양하다 vs. 피하다: 피하다 (Avoid) is the general, everyday word. It can be used for physical objects (avoiding a ball), people (avoiding a debt collector), or situations. 지양하다 is specifically for abstract behaviors or social trends that one chooses to reject for a higher purpose.
지양하다 vs. 삼가다: 삼가다 (Abstain/Refrain) is very close to 지양하다 but focuses more on self-restraint or caution in a specific moment. For example, "흡연을 삼가 주세요" (Please refrain from smoking). 지양하다 is broader and more strategic, often referring to a policy or a way of thinking.
지양하다 vs. 배제하다: 배제하다 (Exclude) means to actively remove or leave something out. While 지양하다 is about a general direction of avoidance, 배제하다 is more about a definitive 'cutting out' of a specific element from a list or a plan.

감정적인 대응은 삼가고 냉정하게 상황을 판단합시다.
— Note: Here '삼가다' is used for immediate emotional restraint.

In academic writing, you might also see 기피하다 (to avoid/shun), which often has a stronger negative connotation of avoiding a duty or responsibility, such as 병역 기피 (draft dodging). 지양하다, by contrast, is almost always seen as a positive, proactive choice to improve a situation by letting go of something negative.

우리는 편의주의를 지양하고 원칙을 준수해야 합니다.
— Translation: We must refrain from expedientism and adhere to principles.

How Formal Is It?

趣味小知识

This word was originally a technical philosophical term used to translate the German word 'Aufheben' from Hegel's dialectics. Over time, it entered common Korean usage to simply mean 'avoiding something bad'.

发音指南

UK t͡ɕi.jaŋ.ɦa.da

US t͡ɕi.jɑŋ.hɑ.dɑ

In Korean, stress is generally even across syllables, but a slight emphasis can be placed on the first syllable '지' for clarity.

押韵词

지향하다 지양하다 기여하다 기용하다 지양하다 다양하다 사양하다 함양하다

常见错误

Pronouncing it as 'Jihyanghada' (adding an 'h' sound), which changes the meaning to 'aim for'.
Over-emphasizing the 'h' in 'hada' - it should be light.
Making the 'ya' sound like 'ye' (Jiyenghada).
Confusing the 'ng' sound with a hard 'n' (Jiyanhada).
Speaking too fast so it sounds like 'Jiyada'.

难度评级

阅读 4/5

Common in newspapers and essays, but requires knowing the Hanja nuance.

写作 5/5

High-level word that adds sophistication to TOPIK essays.

口语 3/5

Used in presentations, but rare in daily street talk.

听力 4/5

Easily confused with '지향하다' in fast speech.

接下来学什么

前置知识

피하다 하지 마라 삼가다 목표 방향

接下来学习

지향하다 부합하다 함양하다 고취하다 탈피하다

高级

변증법 정반합 매몰되다 고착화되다 일소하다

需要掌握的语法

Noun + 을/를 지양하다

폭력을 지양하다.

Verb-기/는 것을 지양하다

담배 피우는 것을 지양하다.

지양해야 한다 (Must refrain)

낭비를 지양해야 한다.

지양합시다 (Let's refrain)

편견을 지양합시다.

지양해 주시기 바랍니다 (Please refrain)

소란을 지양해 주시기 바랍니다.

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按水平分级的例句

쓰레기 버리기를 지양해요.

Refrain from littering.

A1 learners should just see the 'refrain' meaning.

큰 소리를 지양합시다.

Let's refrain from making loud noises.

Formal suggestion form ~ㅂ시다.

싸움을 지양하세요.

Please refrain from fighting.

Imperative ~세요.

낭비를 지양해요.

Refrain from waste.

Simple present tense.

거짓말을 지양합시다.

Let's refrain from lying.

Object marker ~을.

장난을 지양해요.

Refrain from playing pranks.

Formal polite ending.

과식을 지양하세요.

Please refrain from overeating.

Noun + 을/를.

지각을 지양합시다.

Let's refrain from being late.

Social rule context.

일회용품 사용을 지양해야 합니다.

We must refrain from using disposables.

Must form ~해야 합니다.

편견을 지양하는 태도가 필요해요.

An attitude of refraining from prejudice is needed.

Adjective form ~는.

불필요한 소비를 지양합시다.

Let's refrain from unnecessary consumption.

Object marker ~를.

지나친 장난은 지양해 주세요.

Please refrain from excessive pranks.

Please do for me ~해 주세요.

폭력을 지양하고 평화를 지향해요.

Refrain from violence and aim for peace.

Contrastive ~고.

욕설 사용을 지양합시다.

Let's refrain from using swear words.

Noun derivation ~함/음.

차별을 지양하는 사회가 좋아요.

A society that refrains from discrimination is good.

Modifier ~는.

과속 운전을 지양해야 해요.

We must refrain from speeding.

Safe behavior context.

외모로 사람을 판단하는 것을 지양합시다.

Let's refrain from judging people by their looks.

Gerund ~는 것.

환경 보호를 위해 플라스틱 사용을 지양하고 있습니다.

We are refraining from using plastic for environmental protection.

Progressive ~고 있다.

이기적인 행동은 공동체에서 지양해야 할 덕목입니다.

Selfish behavior is a quality that should be avoided in a community.

Future modifier ~ㄹ.

과도한 경쟁을 지양하고 상생의 길을 찾읍시다.

Let's refrain from excessive competition and find a way to coexist.

Formal proposal ~읍시다.

학벌 위주의 사회 분위기를 지양해야 합니다.

We must refrain from a social atmosphere centered on academic background.

Social critique.

무분별한 소문을 퍼뜨리는 행위를 지양하십시오.

Please refrain from the act of spreading reckless rumors.

Very formal imperative ~십시오.

형식적인 회의보다는 실질적인 토론을 지양해야 할까요?

Should we refrain from formal meetings rather than practical discussions? (Wait, this is a trick question!)

Question form ~ㄹ까요.

권위주의적인 태도를 지양하는 리더가 환영받습니다.

Leaders who refrain from authoritarian attitudes are welcomed.

Leadership context.

물질만능주의를 지양하고 정신적 가치를 소중히 여깁시다.

Let's refrain from materialism and value spiritual values.

Abstract noun usage.

성급한 일반화의 오류를 지양하는 논리적 사고가 필요하다.

Logical thinking that refrains from the fallacy of hasty generalization is needed.

Academic terminology.

기업은 단기적 성과에 급급한 경영을 지양해야 한다.

Corporations should refrain from management that is obsessed with short-term results.

Business context.

인권 침해의 소지가 있는 법안은 지양되어야 마땅하다.

Bills that have the potential for human rights violations should rightfully be avoided.

Passive form ~되어야 마땅하다.

자극적이고 선정적인 보도를 지양하는 언론 윤리가 요구된다.

Media ethics that refrain from sensationalist and provocative reporting are required.

Media ethics context.

개인주의가 이기주의로 변질되는 것을 지양해야 합니다.

We must refrain from individualism degenerating into selfishness.

Complex clause.

기존의 관습에 얽매인 사고방식을 지양하고 혁신을 추구합시다.

Let's refrain from a mindset tied to existing customs and pursue innovation.

Innovation context.

정치적 편향성을 지양하고 객관적인 입장을 유지해야 한다.

One must refrain from political bias and maintain an objective stance.

Political discourse.

학문적 탐구에 있어 선입견에 사로잡힌 해석을 지양해야 함은 자명하다.

It is self-evident that one must refrain from interpretations captivated by prejudice in academic inquiry.

Nominalized clause ~함은 자명하다.

맹목적인 서구화 지양과 전통의 현대적 계승이 시급한 과제이다.

Refraining from blind Westernization and the modern succession of tradition is an urgent task.

Noun phrase construction.

기술 만능주의에 빠져 인간 소외 현상을 초래하는 것을 지양해야 한다.

We must refrain from falling into technological omnipotence and causing human alienation.

Sociological critique.

포퓰리즘에 영합하여 국가의 미래를 그르치는 정치를 지양해야 한다.

We must refrain from politics that cater to populism and ruin the nation's future.

Political science context.

문화적 다양성을 훼손하는 자국 중심주의적 태도를 철저히 지양해야 한다.

We must thoroughly refrain from ethnocentric attitudes that damage cultural diversity.

Global citizenship context.

본 논문은 기존 연구의 한계점을 지양하고 새로운 대안을 제시하고자 한다.

This paper intends to move beyond the limitations of existing research and propose a new alternative.

Academic purpose statement.

감상주의에 치우친 비평을 지양하고 분석적인 접근을 시도해야 한다.

We should refrain from criticism biased toward sentimentalism and attempt an analytical approach.

Literary criticism.

관료주의적 타성에 젖어 변화를 거부하는 행태를 지양합시다.

Let's refrain from the behavior of rejecting change while being soaked in bureaucratic inertia.

Organizational reform.

변증법적 지양을 통해 모순을 극복하고 고차원적인 통합을 이뤄내야 한다.

We must overcome contradictions and achieve a high-level integration through dialectical sublation.

Philosophical usage (Aufheben).

근대성의 폐해를 지양하려는 포스트모더니즘의 시도는 다각도로 분석될 필요가 있다.

Postmodernism's attempts to sublate the evils of modernity need to be analyzed from various angles.

Historical/Philosophical context.

언어의 도구화를 지양하고 존재의 본질을 드러내는 시적 언어의 회복이 절실하다.

The recovery of poetic language that refrains from the instrumentalization of language and reveals the essence of existence is urgent.

Existentialist context.

국가 이기주의를 지양하고 지구촌 공동의 번영을 위한 새로운 질서를 구축해야 한다.

We must refrain from national egoism and build a new order for the common prosperity of the global village.

International relations.

단순한 이분법적 사고를 지양함으로써 복잡한 사회 현상을 보다 심층적으로 이해할 수 있다.

By refraining from simple binary thinking, we can understand complex social phenomena more deeply.

Cognitive science context.

자본의 논리에 매몰되어 인간의 존엄성을 경시하는 풍조를 지양해야 함은 두말할 나위가 없다.

It goes without saying that we must refrain from the trend of neglecting human dignity by being buried in the logic of capital.

Ethical imperative.

역사적 허무주의를 지양하고 과거의 교훈을 토대로 미래를 설계해야 한다.

We must refrain from historical nihilism and design the future based on the lessons of the past.

Historiography.

인간 중심주의적 자연관을 지양하고 생태 중심적 패러다임으로의 전환이 요구되는 시점이다.

It is a time when a transition to an ecocentric paradigm is required, refraining from an anthropocentric view of nature.

Ecological philosophy.

近义词

피하다 삼가다 멀리하다 억제하다

反义词

지향하다 추구하다

常见搭配

사용을 지양하다

경쟁을 지양하다

태도를 지양하다

소비를 지양하다

차별을 지양하다

편견을 지양하다

폭력을 지양하다

언행을 지양하다

방식을 지양하다

사고를 지양하다

常用短语

무분별한 ~을 지양하다

— To refrain from reckless or thoughtless actions. Used to criticize lack of planning.

무분별한 개발을 지양해야 합니다.

형식적인 ~을 지양하다

— To refrain from doing something just for show. Focuses on substance over form.

형식적인 절차를 지양합시다.

지나친 ~을 지양하다

— To refrain from excessive amounts of something. Focuses on moderation.

지나친 걱정은 지양하는 것이 좋습니다.

일방적인 ~을 지양하다

— To refrain from one-sided actions. Used in communication contexts.

일방적인 지시를 지양하고 소통합시다.

감정적인 ~을 지양하다

— To refrain from emotional responses. Promotes rationality.

감정적인 대응을 지양해야 합니다.

소모적인 ~을 지양하다

— To refrain from wasteful or exhausting activities. Used for debates or meetings.

소모적인 논쟁은 이제 지양합시다.

권위주의를 지양하다

— To refrain from authoritarianism. Common in modern leadership talk.

우리 회사는 권위주의를 지양합니다.

물질주의를 지양하다

— To refrain from materialism. Common in ethical or religious contexts.

현대 사회는 물질주의를 지양해야 한다.

선입견을 지양하다

— To refrain from having or acting on prejudices.

선입견을 지양하고 사람을 대합시다.

차별 대우를 지양하다

— To refrain from giving discriminatory treatment.

비정규직에 대한 차별 대우를 지양해야 한다.

容易混淆的词

지양하다 vs 지향하다

Means 'to aim for'. It's the most common confusion.

지양하다 vs 사양하다

Means 'to decline' (like an offer of food). '지양하다' is for behaviors.

지양하다 vs 피하다

Means 'to avoid'. '피하다' is general/physical, '지양하다' is conceptual/ethical.

习语与表达

"흑백논리를 지양하다"

— To refrain from black-and-white thinking. It means avoiding seeing things as only good or bad.

우리는 흑백논리를 지양하고 다양성을 인정해야 한다.

Academic/Formal

"외모지상주의를 지양하다"

— To refrain from lookism. It means not valuing people solely based on their appearance.

사회가 외모지상주의를 지양하는 방향으로 가야 한다.

Social/News

"결과지상주의를 지양하다"

— To refrain from 'results-only' thinking. It means valuing the process, not just the outcome.

과정보다 결과를 중시하는 결과지상주의를 지양합시다.

Business/Education

"탁상공론을 지양하다"

— To refrain from 'desk-table discussion'. It means avoiding impractical, theoretical talk that ignores reality.

현장을 무시한 탁상공론은 지양해야 마땅합니다.

Politics/Business

"보여주기식 행정을 지양하다"

— To refrain from 'show-off administration'. It means avoiding policies done only to look good to the public.

시장님은 보여주기식 행정을 지양하겠다고 약속했다.

Politics

"안일한 태도를 지양하다"

— To refrain from a complacent or easy-going attitude when seriousness is needed.

사고 예방을 위해 안일한 태도를 지양합시다.

Workplace

"주입식 교육을 지양하다"

— To refrain from rote-learning or 'cramming' education. A very common phrase in Korean school reform.

창의력을 위해 주입식 교육을 지양해야 한다.

Education

"성급한 일반화를 지양하다"

— To refrain from hasty generalization. Used in logical arguments.

한두 번의 사례로 성급한 일반화를 지양합시다.

Academic

"편의주의를 지양하다"

— To refrain from expedientism. Avoiding doing things just because they are easy.

안전 문제에 있어서는 편의주의를 지양해야 한다.

Professional

"이기주의를 지양하다"

— To refrain from egoism or selfishness in a group context.

집단 이기주의를 지양하고 상생을 도모합시다.

Social

容易混淆

지양하다 vs 지향하다

Similar sound (Jihyang vs Jiyang).

Jihyang is positive (aim for), Jiyang is negative (refrain from).

성공을 지향하다 (Aim for success) vs. 실패를 지양하다 (Refrain from failure).

지양하다 vs 삼가다

Both mean 'refrain'.

Samgada is for immediate actions (smoking, noise). Jiyanghada is for broad trends/concepts.

흡연 삼가 (No smoking) vs. 물질주의 지양 (Refrain from materialism).

지양하다 vs 기피하다

Both mean 'avoid'.

Gipihada is often for avoiding duties (military service, taxes). Jiyanghada is a moral/strategic choice.

병역 기피 (Draft dodging) vs. 과소비 지양 (Refrain from overspending).

지양하다 vs 배제하다

Both involve 'not doing/having'.

Baejehada means to exclude a specific item from a set. Jiyanghada is about changing a general direction.

명단에서 배제하다 (Exclude from list) vs. 편견을 지양하다 (Refrain from prejudice).

지양하다 vs 사양하다

Similar sound.

Sayanghada is to politely decline a gift or offer.

선물을 사양하다 (Decline a gift) vs. 폭력을 지양하다 (Refrain from violence).

句型

[Bad Thing]을/를 지양해요.

낭비를 지양해요.

[Bad Thing]을/를 지양하고 [Good Thing]을/를 지향합시다.

차별을 지양하고 평등을 지향합시다.

[Concept]은/는 지양해야 할 구습입니다.

권위주의는 지양해야 할 구습입니다.

[Behavior]을/를 지양함으로써 [Goal]을/를 달성할 수 있다.

편의주의를 지양함으로써 안전을 달성할 수 있다.

[Philosophical Idea]의 지양을 통해 [Synthesis]에 도달한다.

모순의 지양을 통해 통합에 도달한다.

~는 태도를 지양해 주시기 바랍니다.

이기적인 태도를 지양해 주시기 바랍니다.

무분별한 ~은 지양하는 것이 좋습니다.

무분별한 소비는 지양하는 것이 좋습니다.

[Bad Trend]를 지양하는 사회적 분위기가 형성되고 있다.

lookism을 지양하는 사회적 분위기가 형성되고 있다.

词族

名词

지양 (止揚) - The act of refraining/sublating

动词

지양되다 (止揚되다) - To be refrained from / to be sublated (passive)

如何使用

frequency

Medium-High in written media; Medium in professional speech.

常见错误

지향하다 instead of 지양하다 → 지양하다
Using 'aim' (지향) when you mean 'refrain' (지양) makes the sentence mean the opposite.
비를 지양하다 → 비를 피하다
You cannot '지양' physical things like rain. It must be an abstract behavior or concept.
지양당하다 → 지양되다
The passive suffix for this word is -되다, not -당하다.
Using it with friends casually → 안 하다 / 그만하다
It sounds unnaturally formal and stiff in casual daily conversations.
지양하다 + positive object → 지향하다 + positive object
You shouldn't 'refrain' from positive things like 'peace' or 'happiness'.

小贴士

Confusing Jihyang and Jiyang

This is the #1 error. Always double-check if the thing you are talking about is good (use 지향) or bad (use 지양).

Use in Essays

Using '지양하다' in a TOPIK essay about social problems will instantly make your writing look more advanced and professional.

Social Harmony

Understand that this word is often used to promote 'we' over 'me'. It's about what the group should avoid for the common good.

Object Marker

Always remember that 지양하다 is a transitive verb. You need an object with 을 or 를.

The 'H' Sound

If you accidentally add an 'h' sound to the second syllable, you've changed the word to its opposite. Practice saying 'Ji-Yang' clearly.

Level Up

If you usually say '안 해요', try replacing it with '지양해요' in a professional email to see the difference in tone.

Business Context

Use it when suggesting ways to improve work efficiency by stopping wasteful processes.

News Keywords

When you hear this on the news, the anchor is likely talking about a government policy to discourage a certain behavior.

The 'Stop' Hanja

Remember the Hanja 止 (Ji) means stop. Just like a stop sign. Stop the behavior.

Academic Tone

It is perfect for academic papers when you are explaining why a previous theory or method is being rejected.

记住它

记忆技巧

Ji (Stop) + Yang (Raise). Stop the bad and raise the good. Think: 'Ji-Stop' the 'Yang-Bad behavior'.

视觉联想

Imagine a person standing at a fork in the road, putting up a hand to stop (Ji) a path labeled 'Waste' and pointing up (Yang) toward a better path.

Word Web

Social Issues Formal Writing Refrain Avoid Hegel TOPIK Exam Ethics Policy

挑战

Try to write three sentences about things you want to '지양' (refrain from) this year to improve your life.

词源

From the Hanja 止 (Ji - stop/desist) and 揚 (Yang - lift/raise).

原始含义： To stop a lower-level action and raise it to a higher conceptual level.

Sino-Korean (Hanja-based)

文化背景

Because it's formal, using it to tell someone directly to stop doing something can feel like a public lecture. Use it for general trends or polite public signs.

English speakers often use 'refrain from' or 'discourage', but '지양하다' is slightly more academic, similar to 'sublate' or 'eschew' in specific contexts.

Commonly found in the 'Charter of National Education' in Korea. Frequently used by Korean presidents in New Year's addresses. A staple word in TOPIK (Test of Proficiency in Korean) Level 5 and 6 reading passages.

在生活中练习

真实语境

Environmental Protection

플라스틱 사용 지양
일회용품 지양
무분별한 개발 지양
자원 낭비 지양

Business/Management

단기 실적 지양
비효율적 회의 지양
권위주의 지양
이기주의 지양

Education

주입식 교육 지양
과도한 경쟁 지양
학벌 중심 지양
차별 대우 지양

Social Ethics

편견 지양
고정관념 지양
혐오 표현 지양
외모지상주의 지양

Personal Growth

스마트폰 중독 지양
과소비 지양
부정적 생각 지양
나태함 지양

对话开场白

"요즘 우리 사회에서 가장 지양해야 할 문화는 무엇이라고 생각하세요?"

"회사에서 업무 효율을 위해 지양해야 할 습관이 있을까요?"

"환경 보호를 위해 우리가 지양해야 할 행동에는 어떤 것들이 있을까요?"

"아이들 교육에서 주입식 교육을 지양하려면 어떻게 해야 할까요?"

"대인 관계에서 오해를 줄이기 위해 지양해야 할 태도는 무엇일까요?"

日记主题

내가 올해 꼭 지양하고 싶은 나쁜 습관 세 가지를 적고 그 이유를 설명해 보세요.

우리 회사의 문화 중에서 지양해야 할 점과 지향해야 할 점을 비교해 보세요.

인터넷 커뮤니티에서 지양해야 할 언어 습관에 대해 자신의 의견을 서술해 보세요.

성공적인 삶을 위해 물질만능주의를 지양해야 하는 이유에 대해 써 보세요.

친구와의 갈등을 해결하기 위해 내가 지양해야 했던 행동은 무엇이었나요?

常见问题

10 个问题

It's usually too formal. If you use it with friends, you might sound like you're giving a speech. Use '하지 마' or '그만해' instead.

You should use '지양' for things like plastic use (플라스틱 사용 지양) and '지향' for things like eco-friendly habits (친환경 습관 지향).

It means both, but specifically with the intention of improving or moving to a higher state. It's 'avoiding for a good reason'.

Yes, it comes from 止 (Stop) and 揚 (Lift). This is why it has a nuance of 'stopping something to lift the quality of life'.

Think of the 'h' (ㅎ) in 지향 (Jihyang) as 'High' - aiming high. Think of the 'y' (ㅇ) in 지양 (Jiyang) as 'Yield' - yielding/stopping a bad habit.

No. You can't '지양' a person or a falling rock. Use '피하다' for those.

Extremely common. It's a favorite word for the listening and reading sections to test if you know the difference from '지향'.

No, the passive form is '지양되다'. '지양당하다' is grammatically incorrect.

Yes, it is also used in North Korea with a similar meaning, often in political ideological contexts.

The most common is '사용을 지양하다' (refrain from using), especially regarding disposables or plastic.

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