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B1 noun #5,000 最常用 8分钟阅读

소모

开始练习 例句 笔记与提示 소모 30秒了解
解析 소모 in your Level:
A1 level learners are typically just beginning to learn Korean. They are familiar with very basic greetings, simple phrases, and common everyday words. At this level, the concept of '소모' (som-o), which implies depletion and exhaustion of resources, energy, or time, is generally too abstract and complex. A1 learners are focused on understanding and using single words and very simple sentences related to personal information, immediate needs, and familiar objects. Explaining '소모' would involve vocabulary and grammatical structures far beyond their current capabilities. Therefore, introducing '소모' at the A1 level would likely be overwhelming and unproductive. The focus at A1 is on building foundational vocabulary and basic sentence construction, not on nuanced concepts like resource depletion.
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A2 level learners can understand sentences and frequently used expressions related to areas of most immediate relevance, such as very basic personal and family information, shopping, local geography, and employment. They can communicate in simple and routine tasks requiring a simple and direct exchange of information on familiar and routine matters. While they might encounter the word '소모' in very simple contexts, understanding its nuanced meaning of depletion and exhaustion of resources, energy, or time would still be challenging. They might grasp it as 'using up' in a very concrete sense, like using up paper, but the abstract applications (time, mental energy) would be difficult. Explanations would need to be highly simplified, focusing on concrete examples and avoiding complex sentence structures.
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B1 level learners can understand the main points of clear standard input on familiar matters regularly encountered in work, school, leisure, etc. They can deal with most situations likely to arise whilst travelling in an area where the language is spoken. They can produce simple connected text on topics which are familiar or of personal interest. At the B1 level, learners are ready to grasp the concept of '소모' (som-o). They can understand its meaning of using up or exhausting resources, energy, or time, especially when presented with clear examples in familiar contexts like car fuel consumption, battery life, or the effort needed for a task. They can start to use it in sentences describing these situations. The nuance of depletion and the difference from general consumption ('소비') can be introduced and understood. They can also begin to differentiate its usage in various domains like technology, personal finance, or physical exertion.
B2 level learners can understand the main ideas of complex text on both concrete and abstract topics, including technical discussions in their field of specialization. They can interact with a degree of fluency and spontaneity that makes regular interaction with native speakers quite possible without strain for either party. At the B2 level, learners can fully comprehend and utilize '소모' (som-o). They can understand its application in more abstract and technical contexts, such as economic resource depletion, the psychological toll of stress, or the efficiency of complex systems. They can differentiate its usage from similar words like '소비' and '고갈' with precision and use it appropriately in formal and informal writing and speech. They can also analyze the implications of '소모' in various scenarios, such as environmental impact or personal productivity.
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C1 level learners can understand a wide range of demanding, longer texts, and recognize implicit meaning. They can express themselves fluently and spontaneously without much obvious searching for expressions. They can use language flexibly and effectively for social, academic and professional purposes. At the C1 level, learners have a sophisticated understanding of '소모' (som-o). They can appreciate its subtle connotations, its use in idiomatic expressions, and its role in nuanced discourse on topics ranging from economics and environmental science to psychology and philosophy. They can employ it in highly specialized contexts, critically analyze its implications in complex arguments, and use it to convey precise meanings related to exhaustion, depletion, and expenditure in advanced communication.
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C2 level learners can understand with ease virtually everything heard or read. They can summarize information from different spoken and written sources, reconstructing arguments and accounts in a coherent presentation. They can express themselves spontaneously, very fluently and precisely, differentiating finer shades of meaning even in more complex situations. At the C2 level, learners have mastery over '소모' (som-o). They can use it with the utmost precision, understanding and conveying the most subtle shades of meaning related to depletion, exhaustion, and expenditure. They can identify its metaphorical or even poetic uses, critique its application in texts, and integrate it seamlessly into highly complex and sophisticated arguments or creative writing, demonstrating a native-like command of the word and its implications.
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开始练习 例句 笔记与提示

소모 30秒了解

  • 소모 means using up or exhausting resources, energy, or time.
  • It emphasizes the depletion or reduction of something.
  • Commonly used for fuel, battery, time, and mental energy.
  • Distinguished from '소비' (general consumption) by its focus on depletion.
Core Meaning
The Korean word '소모' (som-o) refers to the act of using up, consuming, or exhausting something, particularly resources, energy, or time. It implies a depletion or reduction in the available amount of whatever is being used. Think of it as the process of something diminishing as it is utilized.
Nuance of Depletion
The key idea behind '소모' is that something is being spent or used to the point where its quantity decreases. This can apply to tangible things like fuel or money, or more abstract concepts like energy, effort, or even time. It's not just about using something, but about using it up.
Contexts of Use
You'll encounter '소모' in various contexts. In economics, it's used to discuss the consumption of goods and services. In personal finance, it relates to the spending of money. In discussions about health and fitness, it can refer to the burning of calories or the expenditure of physical energy. It's also used when talking about the depletion of natural resources or the investment of time and effort into a project. The word often carries a sense of inevitability in the process of using things up.
Examples in Everyday Life
Imagine a car running out of fuel; that's '연료 소모' (fuel consumption). When you spend money on groceries, it's '돈의 소모' (spending of money). If a long meeting drains your mental energy, you might say it caused significant '정신적 소모' (mental exhaustion). Even a long journey can be described as a '시간적 소모' (time expenditure).

이 프로젝트는 많은 시간과 자원의 소모를 요구합니다.

This project demands significant expenditure of time and resources.

차량의 연비는 연료 소모에 큰 영향을 미칩니다.

A car's fuel efficiency greatly affects fuel consumption.

과도한 운동은 근육의 소모를 초래할 수 있습니다.

Excessive exercise can lead to muscle depletion.
Basic Structure
'소모' is a noun. It often appears after a noun or adjective that specifies what is being used up, and it is frequently followed by the particle '를/을' (object marker) when it is the direct object of a verb, or by '가/이' (subject marker) when it is the subject. Common verbs that follow '소모' include '하다' (to do, to cause), '시키다' (to make something happen), '되다' (to become), '줄이다' (to reduce), '막다' (to prevent), and '추구하다' (to pursue).
With '하다' (To do/cause)
This is perhaps the most common construction. It means 'to cause consumption' or 'to use up'.

이 장비는 전력 소모가 많습니다.

This equipment has high power consumption.

지나친 걱정은 정신적인 소모를 야기할 수 있다.

Excessive worrying can cause mental exhaustion.
With '가/이' (Subject marker)
When '소모' is the subject, it means 'consumption is...' or 'the use of... is'.

연료 소모를 줄이기 위한 노력이 진행 중입니다.

Efforts are underway to reduce fuel consumption.

그의 시간 소모가 너무 커서 다른 일을 할 수 없었습니다.

The expenditure of his time was so great that he couldn't do other things.
With Compound Nouns
'소모' combines with other nouns to create specific terms for what is being consumed.

이 자동차는 연료 소모가 적어서 경제적입니다.

This car is economical because its fuel consumption is low.

이 운동은 칼로리 소모에 효과적입니다.

This exercise is effective for calorie burning.

장시간의 회의는 참석자들의 에너지 소모가 큽니다.

Long meetings cause great energy expenditure for the attendees.
Economic Discussions
In news reports, economic analyses, and business meetings, '소모' is frequently used to discuss consumption patterns, resource allocation, and the depletion of economic assets. For instance, you might hear about the '소비재 소모' (consumption of consumer goods) or the '자원 소모' (resource consumption) in a country's economy. Analysts might discuss how certain policies affect the '소모' of public funds.
Automotive and Technology
When discussing cars, '연료 소모' (fuel consumption) is a very common phrase. Car reviews and advertisements often highlight a vehicle's fuel efficiency, directly relating to how much fuel it 'consumes'. In technology, '전력 소모' (power consumption) is a critical factor for electronic devices, especially mobile ones. Discussions about battery life, energy efficiency ratings, and the environmental impact of electronics all involve this term.
Health and Fitness
In the context of exercise and diet, '칼로리 소모' (calorie burning) is a ubiquitous phrase. Fitness trackers, workout videos, and health articles often talk about how many calories you 'burn' or 'consume' through physical activity. Similarly, discussions about energy levels and physical exertion might refer to '체력 소모' (physical energy expenditure).
Personal Finance
While '소비' (consumption) is more common for general spending, '소모' can be used when emphasizing the depletion of funds, especially in a more formal or analytical context. For example, a financial advisor might discuss the '자금 소모' (expenditure of funds) for a particular investment or project, highlighting how the capital will be used up.
Environmental Discussions
Environmental science and policy discussions often involve '자원 소모' (resource consumption) and its impact. This can refer to the depletion of natural resources like water, minerals, or fossil fuels. Debates about sustainable development and conservation are deeply intertwined with the concept of managing resource '소모'.
Academic and Technical Writing
In academic papers, technical manuals, and research, '소모' is used precisely to describe the utilization and depletion of materials, energy, or time in experiments, processes, or systems. You might find it in engineering, physics, or even psychology research papers discussing the expenditure of effort or resources.

뉴스에서는 최근 원자재 소모 증가에 대한 분석이 나왔습니다.

The news featured an analysis of the recent increase in raw material consumption.

새로운 스마트폰은 이전 모델보다 전력 소모가 훨씬 적다고 합니다.

They say the new smartphone has much lower power consumption than the previous model.
Confusing '소모' with '소비' (Consumption)
While both '소모' and '소비' relate to using things up, '소비' is more general and refers to the act of consuming goods and services, often with an implication of satisfaction or utility. '소모' specifically emphasizes the depletion or exhaustion of resources, energy, or time, often with a sense of loss or reduction. For example, you '소비' food for sustenance, but a machine might '소모' fuel to operate. Using '소비' when you mean the depletion of energy or time would sound odd.
Overusing '소모' for General Spending
While '소모' can apply to money, it's usually in contexts where the money is being spent in a way that causes depletion of a fund or budget, or on activities that are taxing. For everyday shopping or general expenditure, '소비' or '지출' (expenditure) are more natural. Saying '돈의 소모' is fine for a budget analysis, but for buying a coffee, '커피 소비' or '커피 지출' is better.
Incorrect Verb Collocations
'소모' is most commonly paired with '하다' (to do/cause) or used as a noun subject/object. Using it with verbs that don't fit the nuance of depletion can be incorrect. For instance, you wouldn't typically '만들다' (make) '소모'; you cause it or it happens. Ensure the verb accurately reflects the action of using up or depleting.
Ignoring the Specific Resource
'소모' is often part of a compound noun like '연료 소모', '시간 소모', or '에너지 소모'. Simply saying '소모' without specifying what is being consumed can be vague, unless the context makes it extremely clear. Learners might forget to include the preceding noun, leading to ambiguity.

Mistake: 저는 오늘 많은 음식을 소모했습니다.

(Incorrect) I consumed a lot of food today. (Better: 저는 오늘 많은 음식을 소비했습니다.)

Mistake: 이 프로젝트는 돈을 만듭니다.

(Incorrect) This project makes money. (Better: 이 프로젝트는 돈의 소모가 큽니다. / 이 프로젝트는 많은 돈을 사용합니다.)
소비 (sobi)
Usage: General consumption of goods and services, often for personal satisfaction or utility. It's the most common word for 'consumption' in everyday contexts.
Example: 식료품 소비 (food consumption), 문화 소비 (cultural consumption).
Difference from 소모: '소비' focuses on the act of using and enjoying, while '소모' emphasizes the depletion and reduction of a resource. You '소비' a meal, but a battery '소모's power.
지출 (jichul)
Usage: Expenditure, spending of money. It's a more direct term for financial outflow.
Example: 월별 지출 (monthly expenditure), 생활 지출 (living expenses).
Difference from 소모: '지출' is purely financial. '소모' can involve money but also energy, time, or materials, focusing on the depletion aspect.
낭비 (nangbi)
Usage: Waste, squandering. It implies inefficient or unnecessary use of resources.
Example: 시간 낭비 (waste of time), 에너지 낭비 (waste of energy).
Difference from 소모: '소모' is the neutral act of using up, while '낭비' is a negative judgment that the use was excessive or pointless. Something can be '소모' without being '낭비', but '낭비' always involves '소모'.
고갈 (gogal)
Usage: Depletion, exhaustion (often of natural resources, reserves, or patience). It implies a state of being completely used up or running out.
Example: 천연자원 고갈 (depletion of natural resources), 인내심 고갈 (exhaustion of patience).
Difference from 소모: '소모' is the process of using up, while '고갈' is the resulting state of being used up. '소모' leads to '고갈'.

우리는 더 이상 자원 소모에만 집중해서는 안 된다. 지속 가능한 소비 방안을 모색해야 한다.

We should no longer focus only on resource consumption. We need to seek sustainable consumption methods.

불필요한 지출을 줄여야 자원을 덜 소모할 수 있다.

We must reduce unnecessary expenditure to consume fewer resources.

How Formal Is It?

趣味小知识

The concept of '消' (disappearing) combined with '耗' (consuming) vividly captures the essence of something diminishing as it is used. This etymology explains why '소모' is often associated with a sense of loss or reduction, as opposed to a neutral act of using something.

发音指南

UK /so.mo/
US /so.mo/
First syllable (소)
押韵词
모 (mo) 보 (bo) 도 (do) 로 (ro) 조 (jo) 고 (go) 노 (no) 포 (po)
常见错误
  • Pronouncing the 'o' sounds differently.
  • Adding an extra syllable or sound.
  • Incorrectly stressing the second syllable.

难度评级

阅读 3/5

At the B1 level, learners can understand the main points of clear standard input. '소모' appears in contexts related to daily life (cars, energy) and abstract concepts (time, effort). Understanding requires grasping the nuance of depletion, which is manageable with context.

写作 3/5

B1 learners can produce simple connected text. Using '소모' correctly involves choosing appropriate preceding nouns (fuel, time) and verbs (하다, 줄이다). It requires understanding the concept of depletion.

口语 3/5

B1 learners can deal with most situations. They can describe experiences involving '소모', like talking about a car's fuel efficiency or feeling tired after a long day.

听力 3/5

B1 learners can understand familiar matters. Hearing '소모' in news, advertisements, or conversations about daily life is likely, and its meaning can be inferred from context.

接下来学什么

前置知识

하다 (hada - to do) 많다 (manta - to be many/much) 적다 (jeokda - to be few/little) 시간 (sigan - time) 에너지 (eneoji - energy) 자원 (jawon - resource) 소비 (sobi - consumption)

接下来学习

고갈 (gogal - depletion) 낭비 (nangbi - waste) 지속 가능 (jisok ganeung - sustainable) 효율 (hyoyul - efficiency) 자본 (jabon - capital)

高级

자원 고갈 (jawon gogal - resource depletion) 에너지 효율 (eneoji hyoyul - energy efficiency) 지속 가능한 소비 (jisok ganeung sobi - sustainable consumption) 경제적 소모 (gyeongjejeok somo - economic expenditure/depletion)

需要掌握的语法

Using nouns with '하다' to form verbs.

소모 (noun) + 하다 (verb) -> 소모하다 (to consume/expend). Example: 에너지를 소모합니다. (I consume energy.)

Noun + '가/이' + 많다/적다/크다.

연료 소모가 많습니다. (Fuel consumption is high.)

Noun + '를/을' + Verb (e.g., 줄이다, 막다).

시간 소모를 줄이세요. (Reduce time consumption.)

Describing abstract concepts with adjectives.

상당한 정신적 소모 (significant mental exhaustion).

Using descriptive adjectives with '소모' itself.

과도한 소모 (excessive consumption/depletion).

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按水平分级的例句

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1

This battery has low power consumption.

Translate 'low power consumption' into Korean, using '소모'.

Use the noun form '소모' with the adjective '낮은' (low) or '적은' (small/little).

2

We need to reduce fuel consumption.

Translate 'reduce fuel consumption' into Korean.

Use the verb '줄이다' (to reduce) with '연료 소모' (fuel consumption).

3

This game uses a lot of energy.

Translate 'uses a lot of energy' in the context of a game, implying it drains energy.

Use '에너지 소모' (energy consumption) with a verb like '많다' (to be much/many) or '크다' (to be big).

4

This task takes a lot of time.

Translate 'takes a lot of time' emphasizing the expenditure of time.

Use '시간 소모' (time consumption) with '많다' or '크다'.

5

The car's engine consumes a lot of gas.

Translate 'consumes a lot of gas' for a car engine.

Use '가스 소모' or '기름 소모' with '많다'.

6

My phone battery drains quickly.

Translate 'drains quickly' for a phone battery.

Use '배터리 소모' (battery consumption) and an adverb like '빨리' (quickly).

7

This exercise burns many calories.

Translate 'burns many calories' in the context of exercise.

Use '칼로리 소모' (calorie consumption/burning) with '많다'.

8

The long meeting was tiring.

Translate 'tiring' using the concept of energy depletion from the meeting.

Use '정신적 소모' (mental exhaustion) or '체력 소모' (physical energy depletion) and describe it as '크다' (large).

1

This new electric car has very low energy consumption.

Translate 'very low energy consumption' for an electric car.

'에너지 소모' (energy consumption) is the key phrase here. Use adjectives like '매우 낮은' (very low) or '상당히 적은' (considerably small).

2

The project required a significant expenditure of time and effort.

Translate 'significant expenditure of time and effort' into Korean.

Combine '시간' (time) and '노력' (effort) with '소모'. Use adjectives like '상당한' (significant) or '많은' (much).

3

Excessive use of social media can lead to mental exhaustion.

Translate 'mental exhaustion' caused by social media.

'정신적 소모' (mental exhaustion) is the term. Use verbs like '야기하다' (to cause) or '초래하다' (to bring about).

4

The company is trying to reduce its resource consumption.

Translate 'reduce its resource consumption' for a company.

'자원 소모' (resource consumption) is the phrase. Use '줄이다' (to reduce) or '감축하다' (to cut down).

5

The long journey was a considerable drain on our finances.

Translate 'considerable drain on our finances' for a journey.

Use '재정적 소모' (financial expenditure/drain) or '금전적 소모' (monetary expenditure).

6

His constant complaining caused a lot of emotional drain.

Translate 'emotional drain' caused by complaining.

Use '감정적 소모' (emotional exhaustion/drain).

7

The old machine has high fuel consumption.

Translate 'high fuel consumption' for an old machine.

'연료 소모' (fuel consumption) is the key. Use '높다' (high) or '많다' (much).

8

We need to be mindful of our energy expenditure.

Translate 'energy expenditure' and the need to be mindful.

'에너지 소모' (energy expenditure) is used. Use phrases like '의식하다' (to be conscious of) or '신경 쓰다' (to pay attention to).

1

The government implemented policies to curb excessive consumption of fossil fuels.

Translate 'curb excessive consumption of fossil fuels'.

Use '화석 연료' (fossil fuels) and '과도한 소모' (excessive consumption). '억제하다' (to curb) or '줄이다' (to reduce) can be used.

2

The prolonged negotiation process led to a significant depletion of diplomatic energy.

Translate 'significant depletion of diplomatic energy'.

'외교적 에너지' (diplomatic energy) and '상당한 소모' (significant depletion) or '고갈' (exhaustion) can be used.

3

Understanding the true cost involves analyzing not just the financial outlay but also the resource and time consumption.

Translate 'resource and time consumption'.

'자원 소모' (resource consumption) and '시간 소모' (time consumption) are essential.

4

The constant demand for instant gratification contributes to a pervasive sense of burnout and mental fatigue.

Translate 'mental fatigue' in the context of burnout.

'정신적 소모' (mental exhaustion) or '정신적 피로' (mental fatigue) are appropriate. Consider the nuance of 'burnout'.

5

Optimizing the algorithm aims to minimize computational resource consumption.

Translate 'minimize computational resource consumption'.

'컴퓨터 자원 소모' (computational resource consumption) or simply '자원 소모' (resource consumption) can be used. '최소화하다' (to minimize) is the verb.

6

The economic model predicts a substantial increase in energy consumption due to industrial growth.

Translate 'substantial increase in energy consumption'.

'에너지 소비' (energy consumption) is also common here, but '에너지 소모' emphasizes the depletion aspect. Use '상당한 증가' (substantial increase).

7

The prolonged exposure to high-stress situations resulted in severe depletion of her psychological resilience.

Translate 'severe depletion of her psychological resilience'.

'심리적 회복력' (psychological resilience) and '심각한 소모' (severe depletion) or '고갈' (exhaustion).

8

Manufacturers are striving to reduce the environmental impact by lowering product lifecycles and minimizing material consumption.

Translate 'minimizing material consumption'.

'물질 소모' (material consumption) or '재료 소모' (material consumption) can be used. '최소화하다' (to minimize).

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The geopolitical instability has led to a significant drain on global supply chains, exacerbating resource depletion in vulnerable regions.

Translate 'drain on global supply chains' and 'resource depletion'.

'글로벌 공급망' (global supply chains), '상당한 부담' (significant drain/burden), '자원 고갈' (resource depletion) are key. '소모' can be used for the process leading to depletion.

2

Burnout in the healthcare sector is not merely a matter of individual fatigue but a systemic issue reflecting the unsustainable consumption of emotional and physical capital.

Translate 'unsustainable consumption of emotional and physical capital'.

'정서적, 신체적 자본' (emotional and physical capital) and '지속 불가능한 소모' (unsustainable consumption/expenditure).

3

The relentless pursuit of economic growth often comes at the cost of ecological equilibrium, accelerating the depletion of natural capital.

Translate 'accelerating the depletion of natural capital'.

'생태적 균형' (ecological equilibrium), '경제 성장' (economic growth), '자연 자본' (natural capital), '가속화되는 고갈' (accelerating depletion). '소모' can describe the process leading to this.

4

Digital transformation, while offering efficiency gains, also presents challenges in managing the increasing energy consumption of data centers.

Translate 'increasing energy consumption of data centers'.

'데이터 센터' (data centers), '증가하는 에너지 소모' (increasing energy consumption).

5

The philosophical discourse grappled with the existential implications of human consciousness and its finite capacity for processing information.

Translate 'finite capacity for processing information' in an existential context.

'정보 처리 능력' (information processing capacity), '유한한' (finite), '실존적 함의' (existential implications). '소모' could be implied in the 'capacity'.

6

The prolonged conflict exacted a heavy toll, leading to the exhaustion of national reserves and a profound societal malaise.

Translate 'exhaustion of national reserves' and 'societal malaise'.

'국가 비축분' (national reserves), '심각한 소모' (heavy toll/depletion), '사회적 침체' (societal malaise).

7

The artist's creative process involved an intense expenditure of mental energy, pushing the boundaries of their imagination.

Translate 'intense expenditure of mental energy'.

'강렬한 정신적 에너지 소모' (intense expenditure of mental energy).

8

Sustainable development necessitates a paradigm shift from linear consumption models to circular economies, minimizing the depletion of finite resources.

Translate 'minimizing the depletion of finite resources'.

'지속 가능한 발전' (sustainable development), '선형적 소비 모델' (linear consumption models), '순환 경제' (circular economies), '유한한 자원의 고갈 최소화' (minimizing the depletion of finite resources).

1

The relentless optimization of computational processes, while yielding marginal efficiency gains, inadvertently fuels an exponential escalation in energy consumption, threatening to outstrip renewable supply.

Translate 'exponential escalation in energy consumption' and 'outstrip renewable supply'.

'기하급수적인 에너지 소모 증가' (exponential escalation in energy consumption), '재생 가능 공급량' (renewable supply), '능가하다' (to outstrip).

2

The protracted siege led to the utter depletion of civilian morale and the erosion of societal cohesion, leaving a deep psychic scar on the populace.

Translate 'utter depletion of civilian morale' and 'erosion of societal cohesion'.

'시민 사기' (civilian morale), '완전한 고갈' (utter depletion), '사회적 결속력의 침식' (erosion of societal cohesion), '깊은 정신적 상처' (deep psychic scar).

3

The commodification of human attention in the digital age represents a novel form of cognitive resource depletion, where sustained focus becomes a scarce and valuable commodity.

Translate 'novel form of cognitive resource depletion' and 'sustained focus becomes a scarce and valuable commodity'.

'인지 자원 소모' (cognitive resource depletion), '새로운 형태' (novel form), '지속적인 집중력' (sustained focus), '희소하고 가치 있는 상품' (scarce and valuable commodity).

4

Ecological economists argue that the current trajectory of global economic activity is characterized by an unsustainable rate of natural resource consumption, precipitating an irreversible degradation of planetary life-support systems.

Translate 'unsustainable rate of natural resource consumption' and 'irreversible degradation of planetary life-support systems'.

'자연 자원 소비' (natural resource consumption), '지속 불가능한 속도' (unsustainable rate), '돌이킬 수 없는 악화' (irreversible degradation), '행성의 생명 유지 시스템' (planetary life-support systems).

5

The relentless pursuit of ephemeral digital trends leads to a profound fragmentation of cognitive resources, hindering the capacity for deep, contemplative thought.

Translate 'profound fragmentation of cognitive resources' and 'capacity for deep, contemplative thought'.

'인지 자원의 심각한 분열' (profound fragmentation of cognitive resources), '깊고 사색적인 사고 능력' (capacity for deep, contemplative thought).

6

The erosion of trust in institutions signifies a depletion of social capital, making collective action and societal progress increasingly arduous.

Translate 'depletion of social capital'.

'사회적 자본의 소모' (depletion of social capital), '집단 행동' (collective action), '사회적 진보' (societal progress), '점점 더 힘들어진다' (increasingly arduous).

7

The relentless demand for novelty in media consumption leads to a superficial engagement with content, fostering an environment of constant, low-level cognitive expenditure rather than deep understanding.

Translate 'constant, low-level cognitive expenditure'.

'지속적인 저수준 인지 소모' (constant, low-level cognitive expenditure), '피상적인 참여' (superficial engagement), '콘텐츠' (content).

8

The author masterfully illustrates how the relentless acceleration of information flow contributes to a pervasive sense of intellectual burnout, a form of cognitive resource depletion that compromises critical analysis.

Translate 'intellectual burnout' and 'cognitive resource depletion'.

'지적 번아웃' (intellectual burnout), '인지 자원 소모' (cognitive resource depletion), '비판적 분석' (critical analysis).

近义词

소비 사용 낭비 지출 고갈

反义词

축적 보존 생산

常见搭配

연료 소모 (yeollyo somo)
에너지 소모 (eneoji somo)
시간 소모 (sigan somo)
정신적 소모 (jeongsinjeok somo)
자원 소모 (jawon somo)
체력 소모 (cheryeok somo)
칼로리 소모 (kallori somo)
재정적 소모 (jaejeongjeok somo)
전력 소모 (jeollyeok somo)
감정적 소모 (gamjeongjeok somo)

常用短语

연료 소모가 많다/적다

— To have high/low fuel consumption.

이 차는 연료 소모가 적다. (This car has low fuel consumption.)

시간 소모가 크다

— To be a great expenditure of time.

그 회의는 시간 소모가 컸다. (That meeting was a great expenditure of time.)

에너지 소모를 줄이다

— To reduce energy consumption.

우리는 에너지 소모를 줄이기 위해 노력해야 한다. (We must strive to reduce energy consumption.)

정신적 소모를 느끼다

— To feel mentally exhausted.

하루 종일 일했더니 정신적 소모를 느꼈다. (I felt mentally exhausted after working all day.)

자원 소모를 최소화하다

— To minimize resource consumption.

환경 보호를 위해 자원 소모를 최소화해야 한다. (We must minimize resource consumption for environmental protection.)

칼로리 소모량

— Amount of calories burned/consumed.

이 운동은 칼로리 소모량이 높다. (This exercise has a high calorie burn amount.)

체력 소모가 심하다

— To be severely physically draining.

마라톤 완주는 체력 소모가 심하다. (Completing a marathon is severely physically draining.)

전력 소모량

— Amount of power consumed.

이 가전제품은 전력 소모량이 적습니다. (This home appliance has low power consumption.)

재정적 소모를 감당하다

— To bear the financial expenditure.

우리는 이 사업의 재정적 소모를 감당할 수 있다. (We can bear the financial expenditure of this business.)

소모적인 논쟁

— A consuming/draining debate.

그 논쟁은 매우 소모적이었다. (That debate was very draining.)

容易混淆的词

소모 vs 소비 (sobi)

'소모' emphasizes depletion and exhaustion, while '소비' refers to general consumption for utility or satisfaction. You '소비' food, but a battery '소모's power.

소모 vs 낭비 (nangbi)

'소모' is the neutral act of using up, whereas '낭비' implies wasteful or inefficient use. Something can be '소모' without being '낭비'.

소모 vs 고갈 (gogal)

'소모' is the process of using up, while '고갈' is the state of being used up or depleted. '소모' leads to '고갈'.

习语与表达

"에너지를 소모하다"

— To expend energy; to use up one's energy. This is a literal usage but can sometimes imply becoming tired.

그는 하루 종일 공부하느라 에너지를 소모했다. (He expended energy studying all day.)

Neutral
"시간을 소모하다"

— To spend time, often implying that the time spent was not productive or was wasted.

쓸데없는 일로 시간을 소모하지 마세요. (Don't spend time on useless things.)

Neutral/Slightly negative
"감정을 소모하다"

— To expend emotional energy, often in a negative or draining way, like worrying excessively or arguing.

그 문제에 대해 너무 많이 감정을 소모할 필요는 없어. (There's no need to expend so much emotion on that issue.)

Neutral/Slightly negative
"소모적인 논쟁"

— A debate or argument that is draining, unproductive, and leads nowhere.

우리는 이러한 소모적인 논쟁을 끝내야 한다. (We must end these draining debates.)

Negative
"소모품처럼 취급하다"

— To treat someone or something like a disposable item; to use them up and discard them without regard.

회사는 직원을 소모품처럼 취급했다. (The company treated its employees like disposable items.)

Negative
"기력을 소모하다"

— To exhaust one's physical strength or vitality.

그는 병 때문에 기력을 소모했다. (He exhausted his strength due to illness.)

Neutral/Slightly negative
"정력을 소모하다"

— To expend one's energy or vigor, often in a strenuous activity or endeavor.

새로운 사업을 시작하느라 모든 정력을 소모했다. (Starting a new business expended all my vigor.)

Neutral
"소모적인 관계"

— A relationship that is draining and depleting, taking more than it gives.

나는 더 이상 그 소모적인 관계를 유지하고 싶지 않다. (I don't want to maintain that draining relationship anymore.)

Negative
"피로를 소모하다"

— This phrase is not idiomatic. '피로' (fatigue) is a result of '소모', not something that is 'consumed' itself. It would be more natural to say '피로를 느끼다' (to feel fatigue) or describe the cause of fatigue.

N/A

Incorrect usage
"기회를 소모하다"

— To use up or waste opportunities.

그는 주어진 기회를 소모해 버렸다. (He used up all the opportunities he was given.)

Negative

容易混淆

소모 vs 소비 (sobi)

Both relate to using things up.

'소모' specifically refers to the depletion or exhaustion of resources, energy, or time. It implies a reduction in quantity. '소비' is a broader term for the act of consuming goods and services, often for personal satisfaction or utility. For example, you '소비' a meal for nourishment, but a car '소모's fuel to run.

우리는 식량을 <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>소비</mark>하지만, 배터리는 에너지를 <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>소모</mark>한다. (We consume food, but a battery consumes energy.)

소모 vs 낭비 (nangbi)

Both can involve using resources.

'소모' is a neutral term for using up something. '낭비' carries a negative connotation, meaning to waste or squander resources. You can '소모' time by studying, but you '낭비' time by doing nothing productive. The key is the judgment of wastefulness.

열심히 공부하는 것은 시간 <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>소모</mark>이지만, 게임만 하는 것은 시간 <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>낭비</mark>이다. (Studying hard is time expenditure, but only playing games is a waste of time.)

소모 vs 고갈 (gogal)

Both relate to things running out.

'소모' describes the process of using up or depleting something. '고갈' describes the state of being completely used up or exhausted. '소모' is the action; '고갈' is the result. For instance, continuous '소모' of groundwater can lead to its '고갈'.

지속적인 <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>소모</mark>는 결국 자원의 <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>고갈</mark>을 초래한다. (Continuous consumption eventually leads to the depletion of resources.)

소모 vs 지출 (jichul)

Both can involve money.

'지출' specifically refers to the act of spending money. '소모' is broader and can include money, but also energy, time, or materials, focusing on the aspect of depletion. You make '지출' for purchases, and that spending might lead to the '소모' of your savings or budget.

생활비 <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>지출</mark>이 많으면 저축 <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>소모</mark>가 빨라진다. (If living expenses expenditure is high, the depletion of savings speeds up.)

소모 vs 마모 (mamo)

Both imply a reduction through use.

'소모' is a general term for using up resources, energy, or time. '마모' specifically refers to physical wear and tear on objects due to friction or repeated use. Tires '마모' (wear out), but a battery '소모's power.

자동차 타이어는 <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>마모</mark>되고, 엔진은 연료를 <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>소모</mark>한다. (Car tires wear out, and the engine consumes fuel.)

句型

A2

[Noun] + 소모 + 가 + 많다/적다.

이 기계는 <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>전력 소모가 적다</mark>. (This machine has low power consumption.)

A2

[Noun] + 소모 + 를 + 줄이다.

우리는 <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>연료 소모를 줄여야</mark> 합니다. (We must reduce fuel consumption.)

B1

[Noun] + 소모 + 를 + 하다/야기하다.

이런 활동은 <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>시간 소모를 야기합니다</mark>. (These kinds of activities cause time expenditure.)

B1

[Noun] + 소모 + 가 + 크다/심하다.

장시간 운전은 <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>체력 소모가 심합니다</mark>. (Long-distance driving is severely physically draining.)

B2

[Abstract Noun] + 소모 + 를 + 최소화하다.

정신적 <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>소모를 최소화하기</mark> 위해 휴식을 취했습니다. (I took a rest to minimize mental exhaustion.)

B2

[Noun] + 소모 + 의 + [Noun] + (e.g., 영향, 결과).

이러한 <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>자원 소모의 결과</mark>는 심각합니다. (The result of this resource consumption is severe.)

C1

[Noun] + 소모 + 와 + [Noun] + 소모 + 의 + 비교.

신기술은 기존 기술의 <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>에너지 소모</mark>와 <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>시간 소모</mark>를 모두 줄여준다. (New technology reduces both the energy consumption and time expenditure of existing technology.)

C1

과도한 + [Noun] + 소모 + 는 + [Negative Consequence] + 를 + 초래하다.

과도한 <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>자원 소모는 환경 파괴를 초래합니다</mark>. (Excessive resource consumption leads to environmental destruction.)

词族

名词

소모 (som-o) - consumption, depletion
소모품 (somopum) - consumable goods, expendables

相关

소비 (sobi) - consumption
소모품 (somopum) - consumables
소모하다 (somohada) - to consume, to expend (verb form)
소모량 (somoryang) - amount consumed
고갈 (gogal) - depletion, exhaustion
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如何使用

frequency

High, especially in contexts related to technology, environment, economics, and personal well-being.

常见错误
  • Using '소모' when '소비' is more appropriate for general consumption. → This car has low fuel consumption. (이 차는 연료 <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>소모</mark>가 적다. - Correct. vs. I consumed a lot of food. (나는 음식을 <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>소비</mark>했다. - Correct. Using '소모' for food would sound odd.)

    '소모' emphasizes depletion, while '소비' is general use for satisfaction. For everyday items like food, '소비' is standard.

  • Confusing '소모' (process) with '고갈' (state of being depleted). → Continuous use leads to depletion. (지속적인 <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>소모</mark>는 <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>고갈</mark>을 초래한다. - Correct. vs. The resource is depleted. (자원이 <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>고갈</mark>되었다. - Correct. Using '소모' here would imply the process is still ongoing.)

    '소모' is the action of using up, while '고갈' is the resulting state of being completely used up. They are related but distinct.

  • Using '소모' without specifying what is being consumed. → This project requires significant time expenditure. (이 프로젝트는 상당한 <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>시간 소모</mark>를 요구한다. - Correct. vs. This project requires significant consumption. (이 프로젝트는 상당한 <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>소모</mark>를 요구한다. - Vague unless context is very clear.)

    While '소모' can be used alone if the context is extremely clear, it's usually followed by a noun specifying the resource (time, energy, fuel, etc.) for clarity.

  • Using '소모' to mean 'waste'. → Wasting time is bad. (시간 <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>낭비</mark>는 나쁘다. - Correct. vs. Time expenditure is necessary for learning. (학습에는 시간 <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>소모</mark>가 필요하다. - Correct.)

    '소모' is neutral, indicating use. '낭비' (nangbi) specifically means waste or squandering, implying inefficiency or negativity.

  • Incorrectly forming the verb form. → I consumed a lot of energy. (나는 많은 에너지를 <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>소모했다</mark>. - Correct. vs. I energy consumed. (나는 에너지 <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>소모</mark>했다. - Incorrect structure.)

    The noun '소모' becomes a verb when combined with '하다' (to do), forming '소모하다'. It can also be used with object markers like '를/을' when followed by verbs like '줄이다' (to reduce).

小贴士

Identify What's Being Consumed

The word '소모' itself means to use up. To fully understand its meaning in a sentence, always look at the noun that precedes it. For example, '연료 소모' specifies fuel consumption, while '시간 소모' specifies time expenditure. This preceding noun is crucial for context.

소모 vs. 소비

Remember that '소모' emphasizes depletion and exhaustion, implying a reduction. '소비' is more general consumption for utility or satisfaction. Think of '소모' as using up until little is left, and '소비' as using for benefit.

Common Verb Partners

'소모' is often used with verbs like '하다' (to do/cause), '줄이다' (to reduce), '막다' (to prevent), and '크다/많다' (to be large/much). Practicing these combinations will help you use '소모' more naturally in sentences.

Beyond Physical Resources

While '소모' can refer to physical resources like fuel, it's also frequently used for abstract concepts like time ('시간 소모') and mental energy ('정신적 소모'). Don't limit its application to just tangible items.

When '소모' Implies Negativity

While '소모' itself is neutral, contexts like '정신적 소모' (mental exhaustion), '감정적 소모' (emotional drain), or '자원 소모' (resource depletion) often carry negative implications. Be aware of the surrounding words to gauge the sentiment.

Master Common Phrases

Memorize common phrases like '연료 소모', '에너지 소모', and '시간 소모'. These are frequently encountered and will significantly boost your comprehension and fluency when discussing these topics.

Simple Pronunciation

The pronunciation of '소모' (som-o) is relatively straightforward. Focus on the clear 's' sound, the 'o' vowel sound as in 'go', and the 'm' sound. The stress is on the first syllable (소).

Meaning from Hanja

Understanding the Hanja roots (消 'disappear' + 耗 'consume') reveals the core meaning of 'disappearing by consuming'. This etymology reinforces the idea of depletion and reduction.

Understanding Antonyms

Knowing the opposites of '소모', such as '축적' (accumulation) and '생산' (production), helps solidify its meaning by contrast. This provides a broader understanding of resource dynamics.

Use it in Your Own Sentences

The best way to learn is to practice. Try creating your own sentences using '소모' in different contexts. Describe your car's fuel consumption, how much time a task took, or how tired you feel after a long day.

记住它

记忆技巧

Imagine a 'SO'und that 'MO'ves away and disappears. The sound is your energy or resource being used up and fading away. Think of a 'SO'und that 'MO'ves away and disappears. The sound represents your energy or resource being depleted.

视觉联想

Picture a battery icon with a line showing it rapidly draining ('SO'und of draining) and then disappearing ('MO'ving away). Or, visualize a candle flame ('SO'und of flickering) that slowly burns down and disappears ('MO'ves away).

Word Web

Resources Energy Time Depletion Exhaustion Consumption Usage Reduction

挑战

Try to describe three different situations in your daily life where you experience '소모' (e.g., phone battery, studying, spending money). Write a sentence for each, using the word '소모' correctly.

词源

The word '소모' is derived from Hanja (Sino-Korean characters). It is composed of two characters: '消' (so) meaning 'to disappear', 'fade', or 'consume', and '耗' (mo) meaning 'to consume', 'exhaust', or 'wear out'.

原始含义： The combined meaning of '消' and '耗' directly translates to 'to disappear by consuming' or 'to exhaust by consuming'.

Sino-Korean (derived from Chinese characters)

文化背景

The word itself is generally neutral, but the context can make it sensitive. For example, discussing the '소모' of human resources in a demanding job could be seen as critical of labor practices. Similarly, discussing the '소모' of natural resources can be linked to environmental concerns.

In English, concepts similar to '소모' are expressed through words like 'consumption', 'expenditure', 'depletion', 'drain', and 'exhaustion'. The choice depends heavily on the context, whether it's financial, physical, temporal, or environmental.

Discussions on sustainable development in South Korea often use '지속 가능한 자원 소모' (sustainable resource consumption). In economic news, you might hear about '국가 재정의 소모' (consumption/depletion of national finances). Popular science articles might discuss '스마트폰 배터리 소모' (smartphone battery consumption).

在生活中练习

真实语境

Talking about vehicles and their efficiency.

  • 연료 소모가 적다
  • 연비가 좋다
  • 자동차 소모

Discussing electronics and power usage.

  • 전력 소모가 낮다
  • 배터리 소모
  • 에너지 효율

Describing personal effort and fatigue.

  • 정신적 소모
  • 체력 소모
  • 기력을 소모하다

Environmental and economic discussions about resources.

  • 자원 소모
  • 물질 소모
  • 지속 가능한 발전

Analyzing project costs and time investment.

  • 시간 소모
  • 재정적 소모
  • 비용 소모

对话开场白

"What kind of things in your daily life do you feel are '소모' (used up)?"

"How can we reduce the '소모' of energy in our homes?"

"Do you think modern technology leads to more '소모' of time or less?"

"What are some examples of '소모' that are necessary for progress?"

"How do you manage the '소모' of your emotional energy?"

日记主题

Describe a situation where you experienced significant '소모' of your time and what you learned from it.

Reflect on the '소모' of resources in your household. Are there ways to reduce it?

Write about a time you felt mentally or physically drained ('정신적 소모' or '체력 소모'). What caused it?

Consider the '소모' of natural resources globally. What role can individuals play in minimizing it?

How does the concept of '소모' differ from '소비' in your own understanding? Provide examples.

常见问题

10 个问题

'소모' (som-o) emphasizes the depletion or exhaustion of resources, energy, or time. It implies that something is being used up and its quantity is decreasing. '소비' (sobi), on the other hand, is a more general term for consumption, referring to the act of using goods and services, often for personal satisfaction or utility. For example, you '소비' food for sustenance, but a car '소모's fuel to operate. While both involve using things, '소모' highlights the reduction aspect.

Yes, '소모' can be used for money, but it usually implies a specific context where the money is being spent in a way that depletes a fund or budget, or on activities that are particularly taxing. For instance, '재정적 소모' (financial expenditure/drain) or discussing the '소모' of a project budget. For general spending or purchases, '소비' (consumption) or '지출' (expenditure) are often more common and natural.

'소모' commonly refers to: 1. **Physical Resources:** Fuel (연료), electricity (전력), materials (자원, 물질). 2. **Energy:** Physical energy (체력), mental energy (정신적), emotional energy (감정적), calories (칼로리). 3. **Time:** Time spent on tasks or activities (시간). 4. **Financial Resources:** Funds, budget (재정적, 자금).

No, '소모' itself is a neutral term describing the act of using up. However, the context can make it sound negative. For example, '정신적 소모' (mental exhaustion) or '자원 소모' (resource depletion) often imply negative consequences. But in contexts like '칼로리 소모' (calorie burning) for exercise, it can be viewed positively. The key is whether the depletion itself is desirable or undesirable.

'소모' is the neutral process of using up or depleting something. '낭비' (nangbi) means waste or squandering, implying that the use was inefficient, excessive, or unnecessary. For example, studying for an exam involves '시간 소모' (time expenditure), which is necessary. However, playing games excessively instead of studying would be '시간 낭비' (waste of time).

The base word '소모' is a noun. However, it can be used with the verb '하다' to form the verb '소모하다' (somohada), which means 'to consume' or 'to expend'. For example, '에너지를 소모하다' means 'to expend energy'.

Very common collocations include: '연료 소모' (fuel consumption), '에너지 소모' (energy consumption), '시간 소모' (time expenditure), '정신적 소모' (mental exhaustion), '칼로리 소모' (calorie burning), and '자원 소모' (resource consumption).

'소모' refers to the process of using up or depleting something. '고갈' (gogal) refers to the state of being completely used up or exhausted. So, continuous '소모' can lead to '고갈'. For example, the constant '소모' of water resources can lead to their '고갈'.

Yes, '소모' is very commonly used in technical fields such as engineering (e.g., '전력 소모' - power consumption), environmental science (e.g., '자원 소모' - resource consumption), and even psychology (e.g., '정신적 소모' - mental exhaustion).

Opposites of '소모' (depletion) include '축적' (chukjeok - accumulation), '생산' (saengsan - production), '보존' (bojon - preservation), and '비축' (bichuk - stockpiling).

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