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B1 noun #8,000 最常用 6分钟阅读

훼손

前8,000

开始练习例句笔记与提示 훼손 30秒了解

解析 훼손 in your Level:

At the A1 level, '훼손' (hweson) is a difficult word because it is very formal. You might not need to say it yourself, but you should know it means something is 'badly hurt' or 'broken' in a serious way. Think of it like a very strong version of 'broken.' If you see this word on a sign in a park or a museum, it means 'Don't touch or break the things here.' For example, if you see a sign near a flower, it might be telling you not to '훼손' (damage) the plants. Just remember: 훼손 = very bad damage to important things.

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At the A2 level, you can start to understand that '훼손' is different from '고장나다' (to be broken/out of order). While '고장나다' is for machines like a TV or a car, '훼손' is for things like books, nature, or old buildings. You might see it in simple news sentences. For example, '산이 훼손되었어요' (The mountain was damaged). This word is usually used with '하다' (to do) or '되다' (to become). It's a formal way to talk about things being ruined. You should recognize it in warnings and basic news reports about the environment.

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As a B1 learner, you should understand that '훼손' (damage/spoiling) is a noun used for both physical objects and abstract ideas. The most important phrase at this level is '명예훼손' (defamation), which you will hear often in media. You should be able to distinguish between '훼손하다' (active damage) and '훼손되다' (passive damage). You'll use this word when discussing social issues, like protecting the environment or historical sites. It implies that something's original value or beauty has been lost. It is more formal than '망가뜨리다' and is used in newspapers, books, and formal speeches.

At the B2 level, you should master the nuance of '훼손' compared to synonyms like '손상,' '파손,' and '침해.' You should understand that 훼손 is specifically about the degradation of value, integrity, or reputation. You can use it in debates about ethics, law, and conservation. For instance, you might discuss how '무분별한 개발이 자연을 훼손하고 있다' (Indiscriminate development is damaging nature). You should also be comfortable with its usage in legal contexts, such as '명예훼손죄' (the crime of defamation), and understand how intent plays a role in sentences using this word.

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At the C1 level, '훼손' should be part of your active academic and professional vocabulary. You should be able to use it to describe complex scenarios, such as the '훼손된 민주주의' (damaged democracy) or '데이터의 무결성 훼손' (compromise of data integrity). You understand its etymology (毁損) and can use it to express subtle differences in degree and type of harm. You can write formal reports or legal arguments using this term to describe how certain policies might '훼손' the public interest or a company's brand image. You are also aware of its metaphorical uses in literature.

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At the C2 level, you have a native-like grasp of '훼손.' You can appreciate its use in high-level legal discourse, philosophical texts, and classical literature. You understand how it interacts with various prefixes and suffixes in specialized terminology. You can analyze how the word '훼손' functions in societal narratives—for example, how the '훼손' of traditional values is discussed in conservative vs. progressive media. Your usage is precise, choosing '훼손' over '손괴' or '멸실' based on the exact legal or technical requirements of the context. You can use it with perfect naturalness in any formal or literary setting.

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开始练习例句笔记与提示

훼손 30秒了解

훼손 means damaging or spoiling the value, integrity, or reputation of something important.
It is a formal Sino-Korean word often used in news, law, and environmental contexts.
Common pairings include 명예훼손 (defamation), 자연훼손 (environmental damage), and 문화재 훼손 (damage to cultural heritage).
Use 훼손하다 for the action of damaging and 훼손되다 for the state of being damaged.

The Korean noun 훼손 (Hweson) is a sophisticated term primarily used to describe the act of damaging, spoiling, or diminishing the value, integrity, or reputation of an entity. Unlike simpler words for 'breaking' or 'breaking down' such as 고장 (breakdown) or 파괴 (destruction), 훼손 carries a nuance of losing an original, pristine, or valuable state. It is a Sino-Korean word composed of the characters 毁 (헐 훼) meaning to pull down or destroy, and 損 (덜 손) meaning to lose or decrease. Together, they create a powerful concept of 'damage' that applies to both physical artifacts and abstract concepts like honor or dignity.

Physical Context: In physical terms, 훼손 is frequently used in the context of cultural heritage, natural environments, or important documents. If someone scratches a mural in an ancient tomb, that is called 문화재 훼손 (damage to cultural property). If a forest is destroyed for construction, it is 자연 훼손 (environmental damage). The emphasis here is on the loss of the original form that should have been preserved.

누군가 공원의 벤치를 의도적으로 훼손했습니다. (Someone intentionally damaged the bench in the park.)

Abstract Context: Abstractly, it is most famously paired with 'honor' (명예) to form 명예훼손 (defamation/libel/slander). This refers to the act of harming someone's social standing or reputation through words or actions. It is also used regarding 'dignity' (존엄) or 'image' (이미지), where the perceived value of a person or brand is lowered due to negative events.

Furthermore, 훼손 is used in data contexts, such as 데이터 훼손 (data corruption), where the integrity of digital information is compromised. In every case, the underlying theme is the transition from a 'whole' or 'proper' state to a 'damaged' or 'lesser' state. It is a word that demands responsibility and often carries legal or ethical weight. Understanding 훼손 is essential for B1 learners because it bridges the gap between everyday conversation and more formal social, environmental, and legal discussions in Korean society.

Using 훼손 correctly requires understanding its role as a noun and its common verb transformations: 훼손하다 (to damage - active) and 훼손되다 (to be damaged - passive). Because it is a formal word, it is rarely used for trivial things like breaking a pencil or dropping a phone. Instead, it is reserved for situations where the 'integrity' of an object or concept is at stake.

Active Usage (훼손하다): When a subject actively causes damage. Example: '그는 고의로 문서를 훼손했다' (He intentionally damaged the document). This implies a deliberate act or a specific cause of the damage.

환경을 훼손하는 행위는 법으로 금지되어 있습니다. (Acts that damage the environment are prohibited by law.)

Passive Usage (훼손되다): When the focus is on the state of the object. Example: '오래된 책이 심하게 훼손되었다' (The old book has been severely damaged). This is very common in news reports describing the condition of artifacts or crime scenes.

In professional settings, you might encounter '훼손 우려' (concern of damage). For instance, '훼손 우려가 있으니 만지지 마세요' (Please do not touch as there is a risk of damage). This is standard signage language in museums. Another common pattern is '명예훼손으로 고소하다' (to sue for defamation), a phrase ubiquitous in Korean celebrity news. By mastering these patterns, you can discuss complex topics such as ethics, law, and preservation with precision.

You will encounter 훼손 in several specific domains in South Korea. It is not a word you typically use while chatting with friends about a broken toy, but it is a word you will hear every single day on the 9 o'clock news or read in a newspaper. Its presence indicates a level of seriousness and social impact.

The Legal and Celebrity Sphere: The most common hearing of this word is in the phrase '명예훼손' (Defamation). Korea has strict laws regarding this, and you will often hear news anchors say, 'A씨가 B씨를 명예훼손 혐의로 고소했습니다' (Person A sued Person B on charges of defamation). This applies to online comments, tabloid rumors, and public statements.

인터넷 댓글로 인한 명예훼손 사례가 늘고 있습니다. (Cases of defamation due to internet comments are increasing.)

Environmental and Urban News: Reports on illegal construction in green belts or the destruction of national parks often use '자연경관 훼손' (damage to natural scenery) or '산림 훼손' (forest damage). It highlights the loss of public or natural value.

You might also see it in warning signs. In historical sites like Gyeongbokgung Palace, signs say '문화재를 훼손하지 마시오' (Do not damage cultural heritage). In the digital age, '파일 훼손' (file corruption) is a common error message when a download goes wrong or a hard drive fails. In all these contexts, 훼손 signals that something important has been marred or ruined.

While 훼손 means 'damage,' learners often misapply it in contexts where more common verbs are appropriate. Because 훼손 is a formal Hanja-based noun, using it in casual, everyday situations can sound unnatural or overly dramatic. Understanding the boundaries of its usage is key to sounding like a native speaker.

Mistake 1: Overusing it for Personal Items: If you drop your phone and the screen cracks, saying '제 핸드폰이 훼손되었어요' sounds like a police report. Instead, use '액정이 깨졌어요' (The screen broke) or '망가졌어요' (It got messed up/broken). Use 훼손 only if the phone was an important piece of evidence or a historical relic.

❌ 장난감이 훼손되었어요. (Too formal for a toy)
✅ 장난감이 망가졌어요. (Natural for a toy)

Mistake 2: Confusing with '파괴' (Destruction): 파괴 (Pagwae) means total destruction or demolition. 훼손 usually implies that the object still exists but its quality or value has been harmed. If a building is leveled to the ground, use 파괴. If someone spray-paints the wall of that building, use 훼손.

Finally, watch out for the transitive/intransitive distinction. Remember that 훼손하다 needs an object (reputation, object, nature), whereas 훼손되다 describes the state of the subject. Using '명예가 훼손했다' is grammatically incorrect; it should be '명예가 훼손되었다' or '누군가 명예를 훼손했다'.

Korean has many words for 'damage' and 'harm,' each with its own nuance. Choosing the right one depends on whether the damage is physical, emotional, total, or partial. Here is how 훼손 compares to its synonyms.

훼손 vs. 손상 (Sonsang): 손상 is very close to 훼손 but is often used for physical health (liver damage: 간 손상) or smaller-scale physical damage. 훼손 is more formal and used for 'value' and 'reputation'. If a car has a scratch, it's 손상; if a historical monument is vandalized, it's 훼손.

훼손 vs. 파손 (Pason): 파손 specifically refers to breaking or crushing physical objects. It is the standard word for 'breakage' in shipping or insurance. You wouldn't say '명예 파손' (honor breakage); you must say '명예 훼손'. Use 파손 for physical goods like glass, machines, or furniture.

물건이 배송 중 파손되었습니다. (The item was broken during delivery.) vs. 문화재가 훼손되었습니다. (The cultural heritage was damaged/vandalized.)

훼손 vs. 침해 (Chimhae): 침해 means 'infringement' or 'violation'. It is used for rights (인권 침해 - human rights violation) or privacy (사생활 침해). While 훼손 focuses on the damage to the quality/value, 침해 focuses on the crossing of a boundary or taking away a right.

How Formal Is It?

趣味小知识

The character 毁 (Hwe) contains the radical for 'mortar' (臼) and 'weapon/hit' (殳), suggesting the act of pounding something until it breaks.

发音指南

UK /hwe̞.sʰo̞n/

US /hweɪ.sɔn/

In Korean, there is no strong stress like in English, but the first syllable '훼' is often slightly higher in pitch.

押韵词

보존 (bojon) 생존 (saengjon) 의존 (uijon) 자존 (jajon) 겸손 (gyeomson) 공손 (gongson) 자손 (jason) 겸손 (gyeomson)

常见错误

Pronouncing '훼' as 'he' (dropping the 'w' sound).
Pronouncing '손' as 'sun' (using the English 'u' sound instead of the Korean 'o').

难度评级

阅读 3/5

Common in newspapers and formal signs, but rare in very basic texts.

写作 4/5

Requires knowledge of Hanja-based verb endings (하다/되다).

口语 4/5

Used in serious discussions; might sound too formal for casual chat.

听力 3/5

Clearly pronounced, but requires context to know what is being damaged.

接下来学什么

前置知识

고장 나쁘다 망가지다 자연 사람

接下来学习

파손 손상 침해 고소 명예

高级

불법 유포 복구 무결성

需要掌握的语法

Noun + 하다/되다 (Sino-Korean verbs)

훼손하다 vs 훼손되다

-으로 인해 (Cause/Reason)

홍수로 인해 도로가 훼손되었습니다.

-지 않도록 (So that... not)

훼손되지 않도록 조심하세요.

Modifier -(으)ㄴ/는

훼손된 문서, 훼손하는 행위

-ㄹ/을 우려가 있다 (Risk of...)

훼손될 우려가 있습니다.

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按水平分级的例句

공원을 훼손하지 마세요.

Please do not damage the park.

Noun + -하지 마세요 (Please don't do...)

책이 조금 훼손되었어요.

The book was a little damaged.

Noun + -되었어요 (Passive past tense)

꽃을 훼손하면 안 돼요.

You must not damage the flowers.

-하면 안 돼요 (You must not...)

이것은 훼손이 심해요.

This damage is severe.

Noun + -이/가 심하다 (To be severe)

누가 훼손했나요?

Who damaged it?

Question form of 훼손하다

훼손 조심하세요.

Be careful of damage.

Noun + 조심하세요 (Be careful of...)

벽을 훼손하지 마세요.

Don't damage the wall.

Direct object '벽' + 훼손

물건이 훼손됐어요.

The item got damaged.

Shortened form of 훼손되었어요

비가 와서 문서가 훼손되었습니다.

The document was damaged because of the rain.

Reason -아서/어서 + passive 훼손되다

자연을 훼손하는 것은 나빠요.

Damaging nature is bad.

-하는 것 (Turning a verb into a noun phrase)

그는 실수로 사진을 훼손했다.

He accidentally damaged the photo.

Adverb '실수로' (by mistake)

문화재가 훼손되지 않게 조심해 주세요.

Please be careful so that the cultural heritage is not damaged.

-지 않게 (so that... not)

이 책은 훼손이 되어서 읽기 힘들어요.

This book is damaged, so it's hard to read.

Noun + 되어서 (Because it became...)

누군가 공공시설을 훼손했습니다.

Someone damaged a public facility.

Formal past tense -했습니다

오래된 건물이 훼손될까 봐 걱정돼요.

I'm worried the old building might get damaged.

-을까 봐 걱정되다 (Worried that...)

훼손된 부분을 고쳐야 해요.

We need to fix the damaged part.

Modifier form 훼손된 + noun

인터넷에 악플을 다는 것은 명예훼손에 해당합니다.

Posting malicious comments online constitutes defamation.

-에 해당하다 (to correspond to/constitute)

태풍으로 인해 많은 문화재가 훼손되었습니다.

Many cultural properties were damaged due to the typhoon.

-으로 인해 (due to/because of)

그의 행동은 학교의 이미지를 훼손했습니다.

His actions damaged the school's image.

Abstract object '이미지'

훼손된 지폐는 은행에서 교환할 수 있습니다.

Damaged banknotes can be exchanged at the bank.

Passive modifier '훼손된'

환경 훼손 문제를 해결하기 위해 노력해야 합니다.

We must work hard to solve the problem of environmental damage.

-하기 위해 (in order to)

증거가 훼손되면 범인을 잡기 어렵습니다.

If evidence is damaged, it's hard to catch the criminal.

Conditional -면

그 기사는 사실을 훼손하고 있습니다.

That article is distorting (damaging) the facts.

Progressive -고 있다

가치의 훼손을 막는 것이 중요합니다.

It is important to prevent the loss of value.

Noun + -을/를 막다 (To prevent)

관광객들의 무분별한 행동이 유적지를 훼손하고 있다.

The thoughtless behavior of tourists is damaging the ruins.

Adjective '무분별한' (indiscriminate/thoughtless)

허위 사실 유포는 심각한 명예훼손죄로 처벌받을 수 있다.

Spreading false information can be punished as a serious crime of defamation.

-로 처벌받다 (To be punished for)

건축물의 원형을 훼손하지 않는 범위 내에서 수리하세요.

Repair the building within a range that doesn't damage the original form.

범위 내에서 (Within the range)

그 사건은 그의 도덕적 권위를 심각하게 훼손했다.

The incident seriously damaged his moral authority.

Adverb '심각하게' (seriously)

데이터가 훼손되어 복구가 불가능한 상태입니다.

The data is damaged, and recovery is impossible.

Noun + -이/가 불가능하다 (To be impossible)

정치적 갈등이 민주주의의 가치를 훼손해서는 안 된다.

Political conflict must not damage the values of democracy.

-해서는 안 된다 (Must not do...)

제품의 포장이 훼손된 경우 반품이 어렵습니다.

If the product packaging is damaged, returns are difficult.

Noun + -인 경우 (In the case of...)

그들은 전통 문화의 훼손을 우려하고 있습니다.

They are concerned about the damage to traditional culture.

Noun + -을/를 우려하다 (To be concerned about)

언론의 자유가 타인의 명예를 훼손하는 수단이 되어서는 안 된다.

Freedom of the press must not become a means to defame others.

수단 (Means/Method)

급격한 도시화는 자연 생태계의 훼손을 초래했다.

Rapid urbanization brought about the damage of the natural ecosystem.

초래하다 (To bring about/cause)

검찰은 증거 훼손의 가능성을 두고 수사를 진행 중이다.

The prosecution is conducting an investigation with the possibility of evidence tampering in mind.

Possibility '가능성'

역사적 사실의 훼손은 민족의 정체성을 위협하는 일이다.

The distortion (damage) of historical facts is something that threatens a nation's identity.

위협하다 (To threaten)

기업의 브랜드 가치가 훼손되면 회복하는 데 오랜 시간이 걸린다.

Once a company's brand value is damaged, it takes a long time to recover.

-하는 데 (In the process of...)

인간의 존엄성을 훼손하는 어떠한 행위도 정당화될 수 없다.

Any act that damages human dignity cannot be justified.

정당화되다 (To be justified)

작가는 작품의 의도가 훼손되는 것을 원치 않았다.

The author did not want the intention of the work to be spoiled.

의도 (Intention)

무분별한 비난은 공론장의 건강성을 훼손한다.

Indiscriminate criticism damages the health of the public sphere.

공론장 (Public sphere)

헌법 정신의 훼손은 법치주의의 근간을 뒤흔드는 중대한 사안이다.

The damage to the spirit of the constitution is a grave matter that shakes the foundation of the rule of law.

근간을 뒤흔들다 (To shake the foundation)

그 학설은 기존 체계의 논리적 일관성을 훼손한다는 비판을 받았다.

The theory was criticized for damaging the logical consistency of the existing system.

일관성 (Consistency)

문화적 고유성이 훼손되지 않도록 보호 대책을 강구해야 한다.

Protection measures must be devised so that cultural uniqueness is not compromised.

강구하다 (To devise/seek out)

무형 유산의 훼손은 눈에 보이지 않기에 더욱 치명적일 수 있다.

The damage to intangible heritage can be even more fatal because it is invisible.

치명적이다 (To be fatal/lethal)

진실의 훼손은 사회적 신뢰라는 자본을 갉아먹는 행위이다.

The spoiling of truth is an act that erodes the capital known as social trust.

갉아먹다 (To erode/gnaw away)

사료의 훼손으로 인해 역사의 공백을 메우기가 불가능해졌다.

Due to the damage of historical records, filling the gaps in history has become impossible.

사료 (Historical records/materials)

기술의 오남용이 인간 본연의 가치를 훼손하는 지점에 이르렀다.

The misuse and abuse of technology have reached a point where they damage inherent human values.

지점에 이르다 (To reach a point)

법적 안정성을 훼손하지 않는 범위 내에서의 유연한 법 해석이 필요하다.

Flexible legal interpretation is needed within a range that does not damage legal stability.

법적 안정성 (Legal stability)

近义词

손상 파괴 오염 악화 모독

反义词

보존 복구 유지

常见搭配

명예를 훼손하다

자연을 훼손하다

문화재 훼손

원형 훼손

이미지 훼손

심하게 훼손되다

증거 훼손

데이터 훼손

가치 훼손

고의로 훼손하다

常用短语

명예훼손죄

— The specific crime of defamation in the Korean legal system.

그는 명예훼손죄로 고소당했다.

훼손 우려

— A state of being worried about potential damage.

훼손 우려가 있는 유물은 공개하지 않는다.

훼손 방지

— Prevention of damage.

문화재 훼손 방지를 위해 울타리를 쳤다.

무분별한 훼손

— Thoughtless or indiscriminate damage.

개발로 인한 무분별한 산림 훼손이 문제다.

심각한 훼손

— Serious or severe damage.

가뭄으로 인해 농작물이 심각한 훼손을 입었다.

훼손된 관계

— A damaged relationship between people.

그들은 훼손된 관계를 회복하려고 노력했다.

자연경관 훼손

— Damage to the natural landscape/view.

고층 빌딩이 자연경관을 훼손하고 있다.

훼손 행위

— The act of damaging.

낙서는 벽면을 훼손하는 행위입니다.

훼손 여부

— Whether something is damaged or not.

전문가가 유물의 훼손 여부를 확인했다.

이미지 훼손 우려

— Concern about damaging one's image/reputation.

이미지 훼손 우려 때문에 광고 출연을 거절했다.

容易混淆的词

훼손 vs 파손

Use 파손 for physical breakage of objects like glass; use 훼손 for value/reputation.

훼손 vs 손상

Use 손상 for health or minor impairment; use 훼손 for more serious 'spoiling' of integrity.

훼손 vs 파괴

Use 파괴 for total destruction (leveling a building); use 훼손 for damaging the quality/form.

习语与表达

"명예를 깎아내리다"

— To bring down someone's honor (similar to 명예훼손 but more idiomatic).

그는 근거 없는 소문으로 친구의 명예를 깎아내렸다.

Neutral

"얼굴에 먹칠을 하다"

— To smear ink on someone's face; to bring shame upon someone or damage their reputation.

너의 행동은 가문의 얼굴에 먹칠을 하는 거야.

Informal

"이미지에 타격을 입다"

— To take a hit to one's image.

그 가수는 이번 사건으로 이미지에 큰 타격을 입었다.

Neutral

"찬물을 끼얹다"

— To throw cold water on; to spoil the mood or damage an atmosphere.

그의 무례한 발언이 즐거운 파티 분위기에 찬물을 끼얹었다.

Informal

"뿌리가 흔들리다"

— For the roots to shake; when the foundation or integrity of something is damaged.

부패 사건으로 인해 조직의 뿌리가 흔들리고 있다.

Neutral

"금 간 항아리"

— A cracked jar; something that is damaged and cannot be restored to its original state.

이미 훼손된 신뢰는 금 간 항아리와 같다.

Literary

"옥의 티"

— A flaw in a jade; a small bit of damage that spoils an otherwise perfect thing.

그 영화는 다 좋았는데 결말이 옥의 티였다.

Neutral

"공든 탑이 무너지다"

— A hard-earned tower collapses; when long-term effort is ruined/damaged.

한 번의 실수가 공든 탑을 무너뜨렸다.

Neutral

"이름을 더럽히다"

— To dirty one's name; to damage one's reputation.

그는 비겁한 행동으로 가문의 이름을 더럽혔다.

Neutral

"재를 뿌리다"

— To scatter ash; to spoil or damage someone else's work or success.

다 된 일에 재를 뿌리지 마라.

Informal

容易混淆

훼손 vs 회손

Spelling error.

The correct spelling is 훼손 (Hweson), not 회손 (Hoeson).

❌ 명예회손 (Wrong) ✅ 명예훼손 (Right)

훼손 vs 훼방

Similar starting sound.

훼방 means 'interference' or 'hindrance,' whereas 훼손 means 'damage.'

공부를 훼방하다 (interfere with study) vs. 책을 훼손하다 (damage a book).

훼손 vs 손실

Contains '손' (loss).

손실 is financial or resource loss; 훼손 is damage to condition or value.

금전적 손실 (financial loss) vs. 이미지 훼손 (reputation damage).

훼손 vs 결손

Contains '손' (loss).

결손 means a deficit or missing part (like a 'broken home' or budget deficit).

예산 결손 (budget deficit).

훼손 vs 오염

Related to environment.

오염 is pollution (adding bad things); 훼손 is damage (breaking/spoiling things).

공기 오염 (air pollution) vs. 산림 훼손 (forest damage).

句型

N을/를 훼손하지 마세요.

꽃을 훼손하지 마세요.

N이/가 훼손되었어요.

책이 훼손되었어요.

N으로 인해 훼손되다.

비로 인해 문서가 훼손되다.

N의 명예를 훼손하다.

친구의 명예를 훼손하다.

훼손될 우려가 있다.

문화재가 훼손될 우려가 있다.

무분별한 N 훼손.

무분별한 자연 훼손.

가치를 훼손하는 행위.

민주주의 가치를 훼손하는 행위.

N의 원형을 훼손하다.

건축물의 원형을 훼손하다.

词族

名词

훼손 (damage)

훼손자 (damager/vandal)

명예훼손 (defamation)

기물훼손 (property damage)

动词

훼손하다 (to damage)

훼손되다 (to be damaged)

훼손시키다 (to cause to be damaged)

形容词

훼손된 (damaged - modifier form)

如何使用

frequency

High in news, legal, and environmental media; low in casual daily speech.

常见错误

명예회손 → 명예훼손
This is a very common spelling error even among native speakers. It's '훼', not '회'.
핸드폰을 훼손했어요. → 핸드폰을 망가뜨렸어요.
훼손 is too formal for personal gadgets unless it's a legal case.
명예가 훼손했다. → 명예가 훼손되었다.
Honor doesn't damage itself; it is damaged (passive).
건강이 훼손되다. → 건강이 손상되다 / 건강을 해치다.
훼손 is not used for biological health.
유리를 훼손하다. → 유리를 파손하다.
For physical breakage of materials like glass, '파손' is the standard term.

小贴士

Pairing with Hanja

Remember 훼 (Hwe) = Destroy, 손 (Son) = Loss. This helps you remember it's about 'destruction resulting in loss of value'.

News Style

When writing news reports, use the passive '훼손되었습니다' to sound objective.

Online Safety

Be careful with comments in Korea; '명예훼손' is a common legal charge for online arguments.

Particle Choice

Always use '를' with '훼손하다' (active) and '가' with '훼손되다' (passive).

Museum Manners

If you see '훼손 주의', it means 'Do not touch or lean on the artifacts'.

Defamation Nuance

In Korea, defamation is '명예훼손'. Slander is '구두 명예훼손', Libel is '출판물 명예훼손'.

Nature Protection

Use '자연 훼손' when discussing environmental issues in essays.

Data Loss

Use '데이터 훼손' when talking about corrupted files or hacked databases.

Root Words

Knowing '손' (loss) helps you learn other words like 손해 (damage/loss) and 손상 (injury).

The 'W' Sound

Make sure to pronounce the 'w' in 'hwe'. If you say 'he-son', it might be misunderstood.

记住它

记忆技巧

Think of 'Hwe' as 'Heavy' and 'Son' as 'Something'. Damage happens when something heavy falls on something valuable.

视觉联想

Imagine a spray-painted ancient statue or a torn 50,000 won bill. That 'spoiled' look is 훼손.

Word Web

Nature Honor Art Law Reputation Integrity Vandalism Libel

挑战

Try to find 3 news headlines today using the word 훼손. Look in the 'Society' or 'Environment' sections of a Korean news site.

词源

From Middle Korean '훼손', derived from Hanja characters 毁 (Hwe) and 損 (Son).

原始含义： To break down and lose; to diminish the integrity of an object.

Sino-Korean

文化背景

Be careful when using this word regarding people; accusing someone of '훼손' is a formal and serious charge.

In English, we use 'vandalism' for physical property and 'defamation' for reputation. Korean uses '훼손' for both, unifying the concept of 'loss of value/integrity'.

The 2008 arson attack on Sungnyemun Gate was often described as '국보 1호의 훼손' (damage to National Treasure No. 1). Celebrity lawsuits for 'cyber 명예훼손' (cyber defamation) are frequent in K-pop news. Environmental groups often protest the '훼손' of the DMZ's ecosystem.

在生活中练习

真实语境

Museum/Historical Site

문화재 훼손 금지
훼손 주의
원형 보존
훼손될 우려

Courtroom/Legal

명예훼손죄
허위사실 유포
증거 훼손
배상 책임

Nature/Hiking

자연 훼손
취사 금지
산림 보호
훼손된 등산로

IT/Data

파일 훼손
데이터 복구
무결성 훼손
시스템 손상

Business/PR

브랜드 이미지 훼손
신뢰 훼손
가치 하락
위기 관리

对话开场白

"최근에 뉴스에서 본 명예훼손 사건에 대해 어떻게 생각하세요?"

"관광객들이 유적지를 훼손하는 문제를 어떻게 해결하면 좋을까요?"

"자연 훼손을 막기 위해 우리가 할 수 있는 일은 무엇일까요?"

"인터넷 댓글이 누군가의 명예를 훼손할 수 있다고 보시나요?"

"옛날 물건이 훼손되었을 때 복원하는 것이 좋을까요, 그대로 두는 것이 좋을까요?"

日记主题

내가 소중히 여기는 물건이 훼손되었던 경험에 대해 써보세요.

명예훼손 처벌을 강화해야 한다는 의견에 대해 자신의 생각을 서술하세요.

환경 훼손을 목격했을 때의 기분과 그에 대한 대응 방안을 적어보세요.

디지털 시대에 데이터 훼손을 막기 위한 나만의 방법은 무엇인가요?

전통 문화의 훼손이 우리 사회에 미치는 영향에 대해 논하세요.

常见问题

10 个问题

Usually, '고장' or '파손' is better for hardware. Use '훼손' only if talking about the data integrity or if it's a very important/historical computer.

Yes, under Korean law, defamation (명예훼손) can be a criminal offense, even if the statement is true, depending on the intent.

망가지다 is a native verb used in daily life ('The toy is broken'). 훼손 is a formal noun used in serious contexts ('The nature was damaged').

No, it is very commonly used for abstract things like reputation (명예), dignity (존엄), and value (가치).

'기물 훼손' (damaging property) or '문화재 훼손' (damaging cultural heritage) are the closest terms.

No, '손상' (e.g., 간 손상) or '해치다' (e.g., 건강을 해치다) are used for health.

Not necessarily. It can be caused by natural disasters ('태풍으로 인한 훼손') or accidents, though it often implies a human cause in legal contexts.

It means data corruption or loss of data integrity, where digital files become unreadable or altered.

It is spelled 명예훼손 (Myeong-ye-hwe-son).

No, that sounds very strange. Use '기분을 망쳤다' or '기분이 상했다'.

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