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A2 verb #2,500 最常用 7分钟阅读

먹이다

meogida
开始练习 例句 笔记与提示 먹이다 30秒了解
解析 먹이다 in your Level:
At the A1 level, you learn the most basic meaning of '먹이다': to feed. You will mostly see it in the context of babies and pets. For example, '아기에게 우유를 먹여요' (I feed the baby milk). At this stage, focus on the structure: [Who] + [To whom]-에게 + [What]-을/를 + 먹여요. You don't need to worry about the idiomatic meanings yet. Just remember that it is the 'action of giving food to someone who needs help eating'. It is a very warm and helpful word used by parents and pet owners. You might also see it in simple picture books where a mother bird is feeding its chicks.
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At the A2 level, you expand your understanding to include 'feeding' medicine (약을 먹이다). In Korean, medicine is 'eaten', so giving it to someone else is 'feeding' it. You also start to see the word used with animals more frequently in daily conversation. You should be comfortable with the past tense '먹였어요' and the polite request form '먹여 주세요' (Please feed...). You might encounter this word in a vet's office or when talking about your daily routine with your pet. You are also introduced to the idea that '먹이다' is the causative form of '먹다', helping you understand how Korean verbs can change their meaning with small suffixes like '-이-'.
At the B1 level, you begin to encounter the figurative and idiomatic uses of '먹이다'. One common idiom is '한 방 먹이다', which means to land a punch or a decisive blow (physical or verbal). You also learn about '뇌물을 먹이다' (to bribe), which is essential for understanding news reports or drama plots involving corruption. You should be able to distinguish between '먹이다' (direct feeding) and '먹게 하다' (indirectly making someone eat). Your grammar should now include more complex structures, such as using '먹이다' in subordinate clauses like '아이에게 밥을 먹이면서 전화를 했어요' (I talked on the phone while feeding the child).
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At the B2 level, you master the nuances of '먹이다' in various social registers. You understand that '먹이다' can sometimes sound a bit blunt or informal, and you know when to use more formal alternatives like '공급하다' (to supply) or '대접하다' (to treat/serve) depending on the context. You can use '먹이다' in professional contexts, such as discussing '사료를 먹이는 방법' (methods of feeding livestock) in an agricultural or scientific discussion. You are also aware of how '먹이다' functions in passive-causative chains and can use it fluently in storytelling to describe complex interactions between characters.
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At the C1 level, you appreciate the literary and subtle uses of '먹이다'. You might find it in literature to describe a mother's lifelong devotion ('자식들을 먹여 살리다' - to feed and support one's children through hardship). You understand the deep emotional weight this word carries in the context of the Korean War or periods of poverty, where 'feeding someone' was the ultimate act of survival and love. You can also use the word in sophisticated social critiques, discussing how certain systems 'feed' (먹이다) misinformation to the public. Your usage is precise, and you can play with the word's various meanings for rhetorical effect.
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At the C2 level, you have a native-like grasp of '먹이다', including its most obscure idiomatic applications and historical evolutions. You can analyze how the causative suffix '-이-' has functioned historically in the Korean language. You are comfortable using '먹이다' in high-level legal or political discourse to describe systemic bribery or the 'feeding' of interests. You can also appreciate the word in classical poetry or archaic texts where the boundaries between 'feeding' and 'nurturing' were even more fluid. You can discuss the etymology of the word and its relationship to other causative verbs in the Altaic language family if necessary.
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开始练习 例句 笔记与提示

먹이다 30秒了解

  • 먹이다 is the causative form of 'to eat', primarily meaning 'to feed' others.
  • It is used for babies, pets, and giving medicine (which is 'eaten' in Korean).
  • Idiomatically, it means to bribe someone or to deal a blow/punch.
  • Grammatically, the recipient takes -에게 and the food takes -을/를.

The Korean verb 먹이다 (meog-i-da) is the causative form of the basic verb 먹다 (meog-da), which means 'to eat'. In Korean grammar, the addition of the suffix '-이-' transforms the action from something the subject does themselves into an action the subject causes someone or something else to do. Therefore, 먹이다 primarily translates to 'to feed' or 'to make/cause someone to eat'. This word is foundational in Korean daily life, reflecting the deep cultural emphasis on providing sustenance and care for others.

Literal Meaning
To provide food and ensure it is consumed by another entity, such as a child, an animal, or a patient.
Causative Nuance
It implies an active role where the subject is responsible for the intake of food by the object.
Social Connotation
Often carries a sense of nurturing, responsibility, or even obligation within family and social hierarchies.

"엄마가 아기에게 우유를 먹여요." (The mother is feeding milk to the baby.)

— Common daily usage example

Beyond the literal act of feeding, 먹이다 expands into several metaphorical and idiomatic territories. In a competitive context, it can mean to 'deal a blow' or 'give someone a hard time' (e.g., 한 방 먹이다). In more illicit contexts, it is used for 'bribing' (e.g., 뇌물을 먹이다), where the 'food' being fed is money or favors intended to influence behavior. This versatility makes it a high-frequency verb that learners must master to understand both domestic warmth and social complexities.

"강아지에게 사료를 먹였어요?" (Did you feed the dog food?)

"그는 상대방에게 한 방 먹였다." (He dealt a blow to the opponent.)

"아이에게 약을 먹이기가 힘들어요." (It is hard to feed medicine to the child.)

Syntactic Structure
Subject + Recipient-에게 + Object-을/를 + 먹이다

Using 먹이다 correctly requires understanding its role as a causative verb. Unlike 먹다 (to eat), where the subject performs the action on themselves, 먹이다 involves a secondary participant who is the actual 'eater'. This creates a tripartite relationship: the feeder (subject), the eater (indirect object), and the food (direct object).

1. Physical Feeding

This is the most common usage. It applies to parents feeding children, owners feeding pets, or caregivers feeding those who cannot eat independently. The focus is on the act of providing and facilitating the consumption of food.

Infants
이유식을 먹이다 (To feed baby food)
Animals
고양이에게 간식을 먹이다 (To feed snacks to a cat)

2. Administering Medicine

In Korean, you don't 'take' medicine in the same way as English; you 'eat' it (약을 먹다). Consequently, giving someone medicine is expressed as 'feeding' it to them (약을 먹이다). This is used universally for liquid, pill, or powder forms.

"의사 선생님이 환자에게 약을 먹였습니다." (The doctor fed/administered medicine to the patient.)

3. Figurative: To Bribe

One of the most important social nuances of 먹이다 is its use in corruption or influence-peddling. To 'feed' someone money (돈을 먹이다) or a bribe (뇌물을 먹이다) implies making them 'swallow' something that will make them act in your favor. It suggests a transactional, often hidden, exchange.

4. Figurative: To Deal a Blow

In sports, arguments, or physical altercations, 한 방 먹이다 (to feed one room/blow) is a common idiom. It means to successfully land a punch, a witty retort, or a decisive move that stuns the opponent. It captures the satisfaction of 'making them take it'.

"그녀는 무례한 사람에게 일침을 먹였다." (She gave a stinging reproach to the rude person.)

When conjugating, 먹이다 follows standard regular verb rules. In the present tense, it becomes 먹여요 (polite) or 먹여 (casual). In the past tense, it is 먹였어요. Note the contraction of '이' and '어' into '여'.

You will encounter 먹이다 in a variety of settings, ranging from the most tender domestic scenes to gritty crime dramas. Its presence in the language is ubiquitous because it touches on the fundamental human need for food and the social dynamics of power and care.

1. At Home (Family Life)

In a Korean household, you'll hear this constantly. Parents discuss what to feed their children, or grandparents insist on feeding their grandchildren more. It is the language of nurturing.

"아이 밥 좀 먹여 줄래?" (Can you please feed the child?)

2. Animal Clinics and Pet Cafes

With the rise of pet culture in Korea, 먹이다 is used frequently by veterinarians and pet owners. Instructions on how to feed specialized diets or medicine are common.

Vet Instruction
하루에 세 번 이 가루약을 먹이세요. (Feed this powder medicine three times a day.)

3. Crime and Action Movies (K-Dramas)

In thrillers or 'noir' films, the word takes on a darker tone. You'll hear characters talking about 'feeding' bribes to officials or 'feeding' a punch to a rival. The word emphasizes the forceful nature of the action.

"그 형사한테 돈 좀 먹였어?" (Did you feed/bribe that detective with some money?)

4. Sports Commentary

During a soccer match or a boxing bout, commentators use 먹이다 to describe a successful offensive move. It adds a sense of impact and result to the description.

Whether it's the gentle '먹여 주다' (to feed for someone) or the aggressive '한 방 먹이다', the context will always dictate the emotional weight of the word. Pay attention to the particles and the relationship between the speaker and the listener to grasp the exact nuance.

Learners often struggle with 먹이다 because of its relationship with 먹다 and the complexities of causative grammar. Here are the most frequent pitfalls to avoid.

1. Confusing '먹다' and '먹이다'

The most basic mistake is using the active verb when the causative is needed. If you say "아기가 우유를 먹어요", it means 'The baby drinks milk' (correct). But if you want to say 'I feed the baby milk', you cannot use 먹다. You must use 먹이다.

Incorrect
내가 동생에게 밥을 먹었어요. (I ate rice to my brother - Nonsense)
Correct
내가 동생에게 밥을 먹였어요. (I fed my brother rice.)

2. Incorrect Particle Usage

Because 먹이다 involves three entities (Feeder, Recipient, Food), learners often mix up the particles. The recipient must take -에게/한테, not -를/을.

Wrong: 강아지를 사료를 먹여요. (Feeding the dog the food - sounds like you are feeding the dog *as* food.)

Right: 강아지에게 사료를 먹여요.

3. Misusing '먹이다' for 'Giving' (주다)

While 'feeding' is a form of 'giving', you cannot use 먹이다 for non-edible items. You can 'feed' medicine or food, but you cannot 'feed' a book or a toy to someone unless they are literally going to eat it. Use 주다 (to give) for general objects.

4. Forgetting the Contraction

In spoken Korean, 먹이어 is almost always contracted to 먹여. Beginners often keep them separate, which sounds unnatural and robotic. Practice the -여 sound to sound more like a native speaker.

To truly master 먹이다, it's helpful to compare it with related verbs that deal with consumption, giving, and causation.

1. 먹이다 vs. 먹다 (Eat)

The root verb. 먹다 is the action of eating. 먹이다 is the action of making someone else eat. This is the fundamental causative pair.

2. 먹이다 vs. 먹게 하다 (Make someone eat)

Both are causative, but 먹게 하다 is the 'long causative' form. 먹이다 usually implies direct physical feeding (like putting a spoon in a mouth), whereas 먹게 하다 can mean indirectly causing someone to eat (like telling them to eat or providing the environment for it).

"엄마가 아이에게 밥을 먹게 했다." (The mother made the child eat - perhaps by scolding or encouraging.)

3. 먹이다 vs. 주다 (Give)

주다 is the general verb for giving. If you give someone an apple to hold, it's 주다. If you put the apple in their mouth, it's 먹이다. 먹이다 is specific to consumption.

4. 먹이다 vs. 기르다 (Raise/Nurture)

While 먹이다 is the specific act of feeding, 기르다 or 키우다 means to raise or grow a child or pet. Feeding is a part of raising, but 기르다 encompasses the entire process of care and growth.

Usage Comparison
강아지를 키워요 (I raise a dog) vs. 강아지에게 밥을 먹여요 (I feed the dog).

5. 먹이다 vs. 대접하다 (Treat/Serve)

대접하다 is used when you are hosting guests and serving them food as a sign of respect. 먹이다 is too casual or direct for guests; it sounds like you are treating them like children or animals. Always use 대접하다 or 식사를 대접하다 in formal social settings.

How Formal Is It?

难度评级

需要掌握的语法

Causative Verbs

Dative Particle -에게

Object Particle -을/를

-어 주다 (doing for someone)

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按水平分级的例句

1

엄마가 아기에게 우유를 먹여요.

The mother feeds the baby milk.

Present tense: 먹여요

2

강아지에게 밥을 먹였어요.

I fed the dog.

Past tense: 먹였어요

3

동생에게 사과를 먹여 주세요.

Please feed the apple to your younger sibling.

Request: -어 주세요

4

고양이에게 물을 먹여요.

I feed the cat water.

Basic causative

5

새가 아기 새에게 벌레를 먹여요.

The bird feeds the baby bird a bug.

Natural world usage

6

누가 아기에게 밥을 먹여요?

Who is feeding the baby?

Interrogative

7

저는 매일 아침 물고기에게 먹이를 먹여요.

I feed the fish every morning.

먹이 (food/bait) + 먹이다

8

동생이 인형에게 밥을 먹여요.

My younger sibling is feeding the doll.

Playful usage

1

아이에게 감기약을 먹였어요.

I fed the child cold medicine.

Medicine usage

2

고양이에게 약을 먹이기가 힘들어요.

It is hard to feed medicine to the cat.

-기 힘들다 (hard to do)

3

말에게 당근을 먹여 봐도 돼요?

Can I try feeding a carrot to the horse?

-어 보다 (try doing)

4

아기에게 너무 많이 먹이지 마세요.

Don't feed the baby too much.

-지 마세요 (prohibition)

5

할머니께서 강아지에게 간식을 먹여 주셨어요.

Grandmother fed the dog a snack.

Honorific -시-

6

우유를 먹인 후에 아기를 재웠어요.

After feeding milk, I put the baby to sleep.

-ㄴ 후에 (after doing)

7

동물원에서 기린에게 먹이를 먹였어요.

I fed the giraffe at the zoo.

Location particle -에서

8

아이가 혼자 못 먹어서 제가 먹여 줬어요.

The child couldn't eat alone, so I fed them.

Reason -어서

1

그는 경쟁자에게 한 방 먹였다.

He dealt a blow to his competitor.

Idiom: 한 방 먹이다

2

경찰에게 뇌물을 먹이려다가 잡혔어요.

He was caught while trying to bribe the police.

Idiom: 뇌물을 먹이다

3

선생님은 학생들에게 지식을 먹여 주려고 노력하신다.

The teacher tries to 'feed' knowledge to the students.

Metaphorical usage

4

상대 팀에게 골을 먹였다.

We conceded a goal to the opposing team (literally: fed them a goal).

Sports usage (passive nuance)

5

아이에게 골고루 먹이는 것이 중요해요.

It is important to feed the child a balanced diet.

Adverb: 골고루 (evenly/balanced)

6

그는 술을 못 마시는 친구에게 억지로 술을 먹였다.

He forced his friend, who can't drink, to drink alcohol.

Adverb: 억지로 (by force)

7

이 기계에 기름을 먹여야 부드럽게 돌아가요.

You need to 'feed' (apply) oil to this machine for it to run smoothly.

Technical metaphor

8

욕을 잔뜩 먹이고 나서야 속이 시원했다.

Only after hurling a bunch of insults did I feel relieved.

Idiom: 욕을 먹이다 (to insult)

1

정부는 가난한 아이들을 먹여 살리기 위해 정책을 세웠다.

The government established policies to feed and support poor children.

먹여 살리다 (feed and raise/support)

2

그 회사는 언론에 돈을 먹여 기사를 막았다.

The company bribed the media to block the article.

Negative social context

3

송아지에게 초유를 먹이는 것은 면역력에 필수적이다.

Feeding colostrum to a calf is essential for immunity.

Technical/Agricultural

4

그는 교묘한 말로 상대방에게 골탕을 먹였다.

He played a trick on the other person with clever words.

Idiom: 골탕을 먹이다 (to play a trick/give a hard time)

5

부모님은 자식들을 먹여 키우느라 평생 고생하셨다.

The parents suffered all their lives to feed and raise their children.

-느라 (due to doing)

6

이 가죽 장화에 기름을 잘 먹여야 오래 신을 수 있다.

You have to oil these leather boots well to wear them for a long time.

Material maintenance

7

그는 결정적인 순간에 라이벌에게 한 방 먹이며 승리했다.

He won by dealing a blow to his rival at the decisive moment.

Narrative climax

8

아이에게 억지로 밥을 먹이는 것은 식습관에 좋지 않다.

Forcing a child to eat is not good for their eating habits.

Gerund form: 먹이는 것

1

시인은 자신의 시로 독자들에게 영혼의 양식을 먹인다.

The poet feeds the readers' souls with their poetry.

High literary metaphor

2

권력자들은 대중에게 거짓 정보를 먹여 눈을 멀게 했다.

Those in power fed the public false information to blind them.

Political critique

3

전쟁 중에도 어머니는 자식들을 먹여 살리겠다는 일념 하나로 버텼다.

Even during the war, the mother endured with the single thought of feeding and keeping her children alive.

-겠다는 일념 (single-minded determination to...)

4

그는 부패한 관리들에게 뇌물을 먹여 사업권을 따냈다.

He won the business rights by bribing corrupt officials.

Formal corruption context

5

전통 한지를 만들 때 닥풀을 잘 먹여야 종이의 질이 좋아진다.

When making traditional Hanji, you must apply the glue properly for the paper quality to be good.

Cultural/Technical

6

그의 무책임한 행동은 가족들에게 큰 고통을 먹였다.

His irresponsible behavior caused (fed) great pain to his family.

Abstract usage

7

작가는 독자에게 반전의 묘미를 먹이며 이야기를 끝맺었다.

The author ended the story by giving the reader the thrill of a plot twist.

Literary device

8

가뭄이 들자 농부들은 논에 물을 먹이기 위해 안간힘을 썼다.

When the drought hit, farmers struggled to 'feed' (irrigate) water to the rice paddies.

Metaphorical irrigation

1

자본주의 사회에서 거대 기업은 소비자들에게 끊임없이 소비 욕구를 먹인다.

In a capitalist society, giant corporations constantly feed consumers a desire for consumption.

Sociological usage

2

역사라는 이름 아래 승자들은 패자들에게 굴욕을 먹여 왔다.

Under the name of history, victors have fed (forced) humiliation upon the losers.

Philosophical usage

3

그 철학자는 제자들에게 사유의 즐거움을 먹이는 데 평생을 바쳤다.

The philosopher dedicated his life to feeding his disciples the joy of thinking.

Abstract/Academic

4

언론의 편향된 보도는 국민들에게 독을 먹이는 것과 다름없다.

Biased media reporting is no different from feeding poison to the citizens.

Strong social metaphor

5

그는 치밀한 계획으로 정적에게 회복 불가능한 타격을 먹였다.

With a meticulous plan, he dealt an irrecoverable blow to his political enemy.

High-level political narrative

6

예술가는 작품을 통해 대중에게 시대의 아픔을 먹이고 성찰하게 한다.

Through their work, artists feed the public the pain of the era and make them reflect.

Aesthetic theory

7

고대 제의에서 신에게 제물을 먹이는 행위는 신성시되었다.

In ancient rituals, the act of feeding sacrifices to the gods was considered sacred.

Historical/Anthropological

8

그의 문장은 독자의 뇌리에 강렬한 이미지를 먹이며 깊은 인상을 남긴다.

His sentences feed intense images into the reader's mind, leaving a deep impression.

Literary criticism

常见搭配

우유를 먹이다
약을 먹이다
밥을 먹이다
뇌물을 먹이다
한 방 먹이다
골탕을 먹이다
기름을 먹이다
욕을 먹이다
사료를 먹이다
이유식을 먹이다

常用短语

아이를 먹여 살리다
억지로 먹이다
골고루 먹이다
제때 먹이다
잘 먹이다
많이 먹이다
조금씩 먹이다
직접 먹이다
손으로 먹이다
입에 먹여 주다

容易混淆的词

먹이다 vs 먹다 (to eat)

먹이다 vs 먹히다 (to be eaten)

먹이다 vs 주다 (to give)

习语与表达

"한 방 먹이다 (To deal a blow/punch)"
"뇌물을 먹이다 (To bribe)"
"골탕을 먹이다 (To play a trick/give a hard time)"
"욕을 먹이다 (To cause someone to be insulted)"
"겁을 먹이다 (To frighten someone)"
"나이를 먹이다 (To make someone feel old - rare/poetic)"
"기름을 먹이다 (To oil/grease something)"
"물을 먹이다 (To make someone fail/embarrass them)"
"엿을 먹이다 (To screw someone over - vulgar)"
"풀을 먹이다 (To starch clothes)"

容易混淆

먹이다 vs 먹히다

Passive form. 'To be eaten' or 'to be effective'.

먹이다 vs 먹게 하다

Long causative. 'To make someone eat' (indirectly).

먹이다 vs 주다

General giving. '먹이다' is specifically for consumption.

句型

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如何使用

Medicine

Always use 먹이다 for medicine in Korean, never '마시게 하다' for liquid medicine.

Directness

먹이다 implies a direct action. If you just leave food for someone, use '주다'.

常见错误
  • Using -를 instead of -에게 for the person being fed.
  • Using '먹다' when you mean 'to feed'.
  • Forgetting to contract '먹이어' to '먹여'.
  • Using '먹이다' for giving non-edible objects (like a book).
  • Confusing '먹이다' (causative) with '먹히다' (passive).

小贴士

Particle Check

Always check if the recipient has -에게. This is the most common error for learners.

Medicine Context

In Korean, you 'eat' medicine. So when you give it to a child, you 'feed' it to them (먹이다).

Love Language

Feeding someone is a sign of deep affection in Korea. Don't be surprised if people try to 'feed' you!

The 'Punch' Idiom

Learn '한 방 먹이다'. It's very common in sports and action movies.

Liaison

The 'g' sound in 'meok' moves to the 'i', making it 'meo-gi-da'.

Contractions

Always use '먹여' instead of '먹이어' in modern writing and speech.

Direct vs Indirect

Use '먹이다' for physical help, '먹게 하다' for psychological influence.

Pet Owners

If you have a pet in Korea, you will use this word every single day.

Bribery Warning

Be careful with '돈을 먹이다'. It's a very strong accusation of corruption.

Material Usage

Remember you can 'feed' oil to leather or starch to clothes (기름을 먹이다, 풀을 먹이다).

记住它

记忆技巧

Meog-i-da: 'I' feed the 'Meog' (food) to the baby.

词源

Native Korean

文化背景

Korean culture views medicine as something to be 'consumed' like food, hence '약을 먹이다'.

While '먹이다' is used for family, '대접하다' is used for guests to show respect.

Seniors often feel responsible for 'feeding' (paying for) juniors' meals, though the verb '사주다' (buy for) is more common there.

在生活中练习

真实语境

对话开场白

"아기에게 벌써 이유식을 먹여요?"

"강아지한테 어떤 사료를 먹이세요?"

"아이에게 약 먹이는 좋은 방법이 있을까요?"

"어제 경기에서 우리 팀이 상대 팀에게 한 방 먹였죠?"

"길고양이에게 먹이를 먹여 본 적 있어요?"

日记主题

오늘 반려동물이나 가족에게 무엇을 먹였나요?

누군가에게 '한 방 먹였던' 기억이 있나요?

어렸을 때 부모님이 억지로 먹였던 음식 중에 기억나는 것이 있나요?

누군가를 '먹여 살린다'는 것은 어떤 의미일까요?

약 먹기를 싫어하는 아이에게 어떻게 약을 먹일까요?

常见问题

10 个问题

Yes, but usually only if they are sick and need help, or in idiomatic/negative contexts like bribery. Using it for a healthy adult can sound like you are treating them like a child.

먹이다 is more direct (physical feeding), while 먹게 하다 is more indirect (ordering or encouraging someone to eat).

It is a very common expression in news and dramas, but hopefully not in your daily life!

No, for plants we use '물을 주다' (give water) or '비료를 주다' (give fertilizer).

You can say '아기에게 우유를 먹여 드렸어요' if you are talking about someone else's baby respectfully, but usually '먹이다' stays the same and you change the '주다' part.

No, it can be a verbal 'burn' or a winning move in a game.

Yes, metaphorically you can say '데이터를 먹이다', but '입력하다' (input) is more common.

It means to cause someone else to get insulted or to put them in a position where they are criticized.

Yes, '젖을 먹이다' is the standard way to say to breastfeed.

It's grammatically okay, but usually the recipient is implied or stated.

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