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A2 noun #2,000 最常用 10分钟阅读

긍정

geungjeong 前2,000

At the A1 level, learners are just beginning to build their foundational vocabulary in Korean. The word 긍정 might seem a bit complex at first glance because it is a Sino-Korean noun, but it is incredibly useful to learn early on, especially in its adjective form, 긍정적 (positive). At this stage, you don't need to worry about the deep philosophical meanings or the formal verb usages. Instead, focus on recognizing the word when people talk about good attitudes or happy feelings. You will often hear teachers or friends say '긍정적으로 생각해요' (Think positively) when someone is sad or worried. Learning this word helps you understand basic encouragement in Korean. You can use it to describe yourself or others in simple sentences, like '저는 긍정적인 사람입니다' (I am a positive person). It is a great word to pair with basic emotions and personality traits. By mastering just the basic recognition and pronunciation of 긍정, you open the door to understanding a very common theme in Korean daily conversation: the importance of a good mindset. Practice saying it clearly, and try to spot it in simple Korean dramas or beginner reading materials. It is a stepping stone to expressing more than just basic needs, allowing you to touch upon feelings and attitudes.

As an A2 learner, you are expanding your ability to describe people, situations, and your own opinions. The word 긍정 becomes an essential tool in your vocabulary toolkit. At this level, you should be comfortable using the derived forms: 긍정적 (positive) and 긍정적으로 (positively). You can start using these words to give advice or express your outlook on everyday situations. For example, if a friend is nervous about a Korean test, you can confidently say, '긍정적으로 생각해! 넌 할 수 있어' (Think positively! You can do it). You will also start noticing the antonym, 부정 (negativity), and you can use them together to compare things. Understanding 긍정 at the A2 level means you can participate in simple conversations about personality types, workplace atmospheres, or general life advice. You should also practice listening for this word in slightly faster, more natural speech, where the pronunciation might blend slightly. It is a powerful word for building rapport with Korean speakers, as showing a positive attitude is highly appreciated in the culture. Start incorporating it into your daily journal entries or language exchange conversations to make your Korean sound much more natural and expressive.

Reaching the B1 level means you are transitioning into intermediate Korean, where you can handle a wider range of topics, including abstract concepts. Here, your understanding of 긍정 must deepen. You are no longer just using it to say someone is 'happy' or 'cheerful'; you are using it to discuss mindsets, evaluate situations, and express agreement. You should be comfortable using the verb form 긍정하다 (to affirm/acknowledge) in appropriate contexts, such as agreeing with a valid point in a discussion. You will frequently encounter this word in intermediate reading materials, such as news articles about social trends or self-help blogs. At this stage, you should master collocations like 긍정적인 마인드 (positive mindset), 긍정적인 영향 (positive influence), and 긍정적인 결과 (positive result). These phrases are crucial for writing essays or giving presentations in Korean. You should also be able to explain why a positive attitude is important using complex sentence structures. The ability to distinguish 긍정 from similar words like 낙관 (optimism) begins here. By actively using 긍정 in diverse contexts, you demonstrate a solid grasp of intermediate Korean vocabulary and cultural nuances.

At the B2 level, your fluency and precision in Korean are significantly advanced. The word 긍정 should now be a natural and frequent part of your active vocabulary, used with sophisticated grammar and in professional or academic settings. You are expected to understand and use 긍정 in debates, formal writing, and complex analytical discussions. For instance, when analyzing a news report or a business case study, you should effortlessly use phrases like '이 정책은 경제에 긍정적인 영향을 미칠 것으로 예상됩니다' (This policy is expected to have a positive impact on the economy). You must fully grasp the nuance of 긍정하다 as 'to affirm' in a logical or philosophical sense, contrasting it sharply with 부정하다 (to deny). Your listening skills should allow you to pick up on the subtle tone shifts when a speaker uses 긍정 to soften a refusal or to diplomatically agree with a premise before offering a counterargument (e.g., '그 점은 긍정하지만...' - I affirm that point, but...). Mastery at this level involves using the word to navigate complex social interactions, demonstrating empathy, analytical thinking, and cultural fluency simultaneously.

As a C1 learner, you are approaching near-native proficiency. Your use of 긍정 must reflect a deep understanding of its sociolinguistic and cultural weight in Korea. You are not just using the word; you are manipulating it for rhetorical effect. You can seamlessly integrate it into high-level academic discourse, professional negotiations, and literary analysis. At this stage, you understand the idiomatic and extended uses of the word. You can discuss the psychological implications of '긍정의 배신' (the betrayal of positivity/toxic positivity) or analyze how the pressure to maintain a 긍정적인 태도 affects modern Korean workers. You use advanced collocations effortlessly, such as 긍정적 검토 (favorable review in an official capacity) or 긍정적 피드백 (constructive/positive feedback). You can easily substitute 긍정 with high-level synonyms like 낙관 (optimism), 찬동 (approval), or 시인 (admission) depending on the exact nuance required by the context. Your writing and speech exhibit a sophisticated balance of affirming (긍정) and critiquing, allowing you to engage in the most complex and nuanced conversations with native speakers without hesitation.

At the C2 level, your mastery of the Korean language is absolute, and your use of 긍정 is indistinguishable from that of a highly educated native speaker. You possess an intuitive grasp of the word's etymology (肯 and 定) and can appreciate its usage in classical contexts, literature, and advanced philosophical treatises. You can deconstruct the concept of 긍정 within the framework of Korean societal norms, discussing its role in collective harmony versus individual expression. You effortlessly navigate the most subtle registers, using 긍정 in highly formal legal or diplomatic contexts to indicate official assent, while also knowing exactly how to use it playfully or ironically in casual, high-context banter. You can invent your own rhetorical devices using the word, play with its antonyms for dramatic effect in public speaking, and critique texts based on their underlying affirmative (긍정적) or cynical tones. At this pinnacle of language learning, 긍정 is not just a vocabulary word; it is a conceptual tool that you wield with absolute precision to articulate the most profound and complex thoughts in the Korean language.

开始练习例句笔记与提示

긍정 30秒了解

The word 긍정 primarily refers to the concept of positivity or affirmation, representing a mindset that focuses on the good aspects of any given situation.
In everyday Korean conversation, it is most frequently used in its adjective form, 긍정적, which translates directly to 'positive' when describing people or attitudes.
Understanding this word is essential for navigating both personal and professional relationships in Korea, as maintaining a positive outlook is highly valued in society.
You will often hear this word contrasted with 부정 (negativity), especially in discussions about mental health, workplace dynamics, and overcoming personal challenges effectively.

The Korean word 긍정 (geung-jeong) is a highly versatile and deeply significant noun that translates primarily to 'positivity' or 'affirmation' in English. It represents not just a fleeting emotion, but a fundamental mindset and a constructive outlook on life, challenges, and interpersonal dynamics. In modern Korean society, maintaining a 긍정적인 (positive) attitude is often viewed as a key component of personal resilience and professional success. When you encounter this word, it is frequently used to describe someone's general disposition, their reaction to a specific event, or the overarching atmosphere of a situation. The concept extends into philosophy and psychology, where affirming reality and embracing a forward-looking perspective are considered essential for mental well-being. Understanding 긍정 requires recognizing its dual nature: it is both the passive state of being positive and the active process of affirming or acknowledging something as true or good.

그는 항상 긍정적인 태도를 유지합니다.

This active affirmation is crucial in communication, where acknowledging another person's viewpoint fosters harmony and mutual respect.

Core Meaning: At its core, 긍정 means to view things in a favorable light or to confirm the truth of a statement.

Furthermore, the word is deeply embedded in the self-help and motivational culture in Korea. Books, seminars, and daily affirmations frequently utilize the term to inspire individuals to overcome adversity.

긍정의 힘을 믿으세요.

It is not merely about ignoring the negative aspects of life, but rather choosing to focus on potential solutions and growth opportunities. In academic and formal contexts, 긍정 is used to indicate agreement with a hypothesis or a proposition.

그 질문에 대해 긍정으로 대답했다.

This makes it an indispensable vocabulary word for students and professionals alike.

Linguistic Context: The word is composed of two Hanja characters: 肯 (to agree/willing) and 定 (to decide/fix).

The combination of these characters beautifully encapsulates the essence of the word: a willing and decisive agreement with reality.

모든 상황을 긍정적으로 바라보자.

Whether you are cheering up a friend, agreeing with a colleague's proposal, or writing a formal essay, 긍정 provides the linguistic foundation for expressing optimism and consensus. It is a word that carries significant emotional weight, capable of shifting the tone of a conversation from despair to hope.

Cultural Impact: In a fast-paced society, maintaining this mindset is often praised as a vital survival skill.

Ultimately, mastering the use of 긍정 will not only improve your Korean language proficiency but also give you deeper insight into the cultural values that shape everyday interactions in Korea.

자신을 긍정하는 것이 중요합니다.

By incorporating this word into your daily vocabulary, you align yourself with a universally appreciated attitude of constructive and affirmative thinking.

Using the word 긍정 correctly involves understanding its various grammatical forms and the specific contexts in which it thrives. As a standalone noun, 긍정 is often used in philosophical or abstract discussions about positivity. However, in everyday conversation, it is most frequently transformed into an adjective or an adverb. By adding the suffix -적 (jeok), which means 'relating to' or 'having the property of', you create 긍정적 (geung-jeong-jeok), meaning 'positive'.

그는 매우 긍정적인 사람입니다.

This is arguably the most common way learners will encounter and use the word. You can further modify it into an adverb by adding -으로 (eu-ro), resulting in 긍정적으로 (geung-jeong-jeok-eu-ro), which translates to 'positively' or 'in a positive manner'.

Adverbial Use: Use 긍정적으로 when describing how an action is performed, such as thinking or evaluating.

For instance, when a manager asks a team to review a proposal favorably, they might say '긍정적으로 검토해 주세요' (Please review it positively).

제안을 긍정적으로 검토하겠습니다.

Another crucial form is the verb 긍정하다 (geung-jeong-ha-da), which means 'to affirm' or 'to acknowledge'. This is often used in debates, legal contexts, or formal discussions where one party agrees with a statement made by another. It carries a sense of official confirmation.

그 사실을 긍정할 수밖에 없다.

When constructing sentences, it is helpful to pair 긍정 with nouns like 마인드 (mindset), 태도 (attitude), or 에너지 (energy). These collocations sound highly natural to native speakers.

Common Pairings: Pairing 긍정 with English loanwords like 'mind' (마인드) is extremely common in modern Korean.

You will often hear people encouraging each other by saying '긍정적인 마인드를 가지자' (Let's have a positive mindset).

긍정적인 에너지가 넘치네요.

It is also important to note the antonym, 부정 (bu-jeong), meaning negativity or denial. Contrasting these two words is a common rhetorical device in Korean writing and speech. For example, discussing the pros and cons of a situation might involve analyzing both the 긍정적 and 부정적 aspects.

Analytical Context: In essays, you will frequently need to evaluate the positive (긍정적) and negative (부정적) impacts of a topic.

Mastering these derivations and collocations will allow you to express a wide range of nuanced thoughts, from simple compliments about someone's cheerful personality to complex evaluations of business proposals.

결과를 긍정적으로 기대합니다.

By practicing these patterns, you will significantly enhance your conversational fluency and your ability to engage in meaningful, uplifting dialogues in Korean.

The word 긍정 permeates almost every facet of Korean daily life, making it an essential vocabulary item for anyone looking to achieve fluency. You will hear it frequently in the workplace, where a positive attitude is highly valued and often explicitly requested by management. In corporate environments, phrases like '긍정적으로 검토하겠습니다' (I will review it positively) are standard polite responses to proposals or requests, indicating a willingness to consider an idea favorably without making an immediate hard commitment.

팀장님이 그 아이디어를 긍정적으로 평가하셨어요.

Beyond the office, 긍정 is a staple in the realm of self-improvement and mental health. Korean bookstores are filled with titles promoting 긍정의 힘 (the power of positivity), and motivational speakers frequently use the term to encourage audiences to overcome personal hurdles.

Media Presence: Television shows, especially talk shows and reality programs, often highlight a guest's positive mindset as their most admirable trait.

When celebrities face scandals or hardships, their ability to maintain a 긍정적인 태도 (positive attitude) is often praised by fans and media alike.

그녀는 힘든 시기에도 긍정을 잃지 않았습니다.

In educational settings, teachers use the word to encourage students, advising them to approach difficult exams or subjects with a positive mindset. You will also encounter it in everyday casual conversations among friends. If someone is worrying too much about the future, a friend might comfort them by saying '너무 걱정하지 말고 긍정적으로 생각해' (Don't worry too much and think positively).

우리 모두 긍정적으로 생각합시다.

Furthermore, in the context of news and journalism, the word is used to describe favorable outcomes or trends, such as a '긍정적인 경제 전망' (positive economic outlook).

News Context: Journalists frequently use the adjective form to report on beneficial changes in society or policy.

The versatility of 긍정 means it bridges the gap between highly formal, professional jargon and intimate, supportive dialogue.

시장의 반응이 매우 긍정적입니다.

Understanding the subtle shifts in tone when this word is used in different environments will greatly enhance your listening comprehension. Whether you are watching a K-drama, reading a Korean news article, or navigating a business meeting in Seoul, 긍정 is a word that will undoubtedly cross your path, serving as a linguistic beacon of optimism and agreement.

Social Media: Hashtags related to positivity (#긍정, #긍정마인드) are incredibly popular on Korean Instagram and Twitter.

오늘도 긍정 하루 보내세요!

Embracing this word will not only help you understand Korean media better but also allow you to participate in the culture of encouragement that is so prevalent in Korea.

While 긍정 is a relatively straightforward concept, learners often make grammatical and contextual mistakes when trying to incorporate it into their Korean sentences. One of the most frequent errors is using the noun form 긍정 when the adjective form 긍정적 is required. For example, a learner might say '그는 긍정 사람이다' (He is a positivity person), which sounds unnatural. The correct phrasing requires the adjectival modifier: '그는 긍정적인 사람이다' (He is a positive person).

그는 긍정적인 사람이다.

Understanding the function of the suffix -적 is crucial for avoiding this mistake.

Grammar Rule: Always use -적인 when modifying a noun, and -적으로 when modifying a verb.

Another common pitfall is confusing 긍정 with other words that mean 'good' or 'happy', such as 좋다 (good) or 행복하다 (happy). While a positive person is often happy, 긍정 specifically refers to the mindset or the act of affirmation, not just a general feeling of goodness.

상황이 나빠도 긍정을 유지해야 해.

You can be in a bad situation (not good) but still maintain a 긍정적인 태도 (positive attitude). Additionally, learners sometimes misuse the verb form 긍정하다. It means 'to affirm' or 'to acknowledge as true', and is quite formal. Using it in casual conversation to simply mean 'I agree' can sound overly stiff or academic.

그의 주장을 긍정했습니다.

Instead of saying '네, 긍정해요' (Yes, I affirm), it is much more natural to say '네, 맞아요' (Yes, that's right) or '동의해요' (I agree) in everyday chats.

Register Match: Reserve 긍정하다 for formal writing, debates, or professional contexts where precise affirmation is needed.

Another subtle error involves the pronunciation. The double consonant sound at the end of 'geung' and the start of 'jeong' needs to be articulated clearly. Mumbling it might cause confusion, although context usually saves the day.

발음을 명확히 하여 긍정을 표현하세요.

Finally, learners sometimes forget to use the appropriate particles. When saying 'think positively', the correct form is 긍정적으로 생각하다. Forgetting the -으로 makes the sentence grammatically incomplete. By paying attention to these common errors—specifically the use of -적 and -적으로, the distinction between formal affirmation and casual agreement, and the precise meaning of the word compared to general 'goodness'—you can use 긍정 with the accuracy and confidence of a native speaker.

Summary: Mastering the derivations is the key to avoiding 90% of the mistakes associated with this word.

올바른 문법으로 긍정을 말해보세요.

Practice these structures repeatedly until they feel natural.

When expanding your Korean vocabulary around the concept of 긍정, it is highly beneficial to learn similar words and synonyms that offer slight variations in meaning or tone. One of the most closely related words is 낙관 (nak-gwan), which translates to 'optimism'. While 긍정 is a general positivity or affirmation, 낙관 specifically refers to a hopeful view of the future.

미래를 긍정적이고 낙관적으로 봅니다.

You might have a 긍정적인 태도 (positive attitude) about a current task, but a 낙관적인 전망 (optimistic outlook) about next year's economy.

Nuance Difference: Use 낙관 when specifically talking about predicting good outcomes in the future.

Another related term is 찬성 (chan-seong), meaning 'agreement' or 'approval'. If 긍정하다 means to affirm a fact, 찬성하다 means to agree with a proposal or opinion.

그 의견에 긍정하며 찬성표를 던졌다.

In a meeting, you might 긍정 (acknowledge) the validity of a problem, but you 찬성 (approve) the proposed solution. We also have 확신 (hwak-sin), which means 'conviction' or 'certainty'. A highly positive person might speak with 확신, but the words are not interchangeable. 확신 is about the strength of belief, whereas 긍정 is about the favorable nature of that belief.

긍정적인 마음이 확신을 줍니다.

For describing a cheerful personality, you might also use 밝다 (bal-da), which literally means 'bright'. A '밝은 사람' (bright person) is often a '긍정적인 사람' (positive person), but 밝다 is a native Korean adjective that feels softer and more casual than the Sino-Korean 긍정.

Casual Alternative: In very casual settings, describing someone as 밝다 (bright/cheerful) is often preferred over 긍정적이다.

Understanding these synonyms allows you to express your thoughts with greater precision.

그녀는 밝고 긍정적인 에너지를 가졌어요.

Furthermore, the word 인정 (in-jeong), meaning 'acknowledgment' or 'recognition', shares some overlap with the affirming aspect of 긍정. When you 인정하다 a mistake, you are affirming that it happened, which is a form of 긍정. By mapping out these related words—낙관 (optimism), 찬성 (agreement), 확신 (certainty), 밝다 (bright), and 인정 (acknowledgment)—you create a rich web of vocabulary around the central concept of 긍정.

Vocabulary Web: Connecting these words helps reinforce your memory and improves your ability to choose the exact right word for the context.

다양한 어휘로 긍정의 뉘앙스를 표현하세요.

This nuanced understanding is what separates intermediate learners from advanced speakers.

How Formal Is It?

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需要掌握的语法

按水平分级的例句

그는 긍정적인 사람입니다.

He is a positive person.

Noun + -적인 (adjective form) + 사람 (person).

항상 긍정적으로 생각하세요.

Always think positively.

Noun + -적으로 (adverb form) + 생각하다 (to think).

긍정적인 에너지가 좋아요.

I like the positive energy.

Subject marker -가 used with 좋다 (to be good/like).

저는 긍정적인 마음을 가졌어요.

I have a positive mind.

Object marker -을 used with 가지다 (to have).

긍정적인 대답을 원해요.

I want a positive answer.

원하다 (to want) used with an object.

친구는 아주 긍정적이에요.

My friend is very positive.

Polite ending -이에요 used with the noun root.

긍정의 힘을 믿어요.

I believe in the power of positivity.

Possessive particle -의 connecting two nouns.

오늘도 긍정적으로 시작해요.

Let's start positively today too.

Particle -도 (also/too) attached to 오늘 (today).

시험이 어렵지만 긍정적으로 생각할게요.

The test is hard, but I will think positively.

Conjunction -지만 (but) connecting two clauses.

긍정적인 태도가 가장 중요합니다.

A positive attitude is the most important.

Superlative 가장 (most) modifying 중요하다.

그 문제에 대해 긍정적으로 검토해 주세요.

Please review that issue positively.

-아/어 주세요 structure for polite requests.

부정적인 생각보다 긍정적인 생각이 좋아요.

Positive thoughts are better than negative thoughts.

Comparison particle -보다 (than).

그녀의 긍정적인 성격 덕분에 분위기가 밝아졌어요.

Thanks to her positive personality, the atmosphere brightened.

덕분에 (thanks to) used after a noun.

결과를 너무 걱정하지 말고 긍정적으로 기다려 봐요.

Don't worry too much about the result and wait positively.

-지 말고 (don't do this, but do that) structure.

운동은 정신 건강에 긍정적인 영향을 줍니다.

Exercise gives a positive influence on mental health.

영향을 주다 (to give influence) collocation.

그는 어떤 상황에서도 긍정적인 면을 봅니다.

He sees the positive side in any situation.

어떤 ~에서도 (in any ~) structure.

전문가들은 내년 경제를 매우 긍정적으로 전망하고 있습니다.

Experts are forecasting next year's economy very positively.

-고 있다 for present continuous action.

상대방의 의견을 먼저 긍정하는 것이 대화의 기본입니다.

Affirming the other person's opinion first is the basics of conversation.

Verb form 긍정하다 modified into a noun phrase with -는 것.

이번 프로젝트의 성공은 팀원들의 긍정적인 마인드에 달려 있습니다.

The success of this project depends on the positive mindset of the team members.

-에 달려 있다 (depends on).

실패를 두려워하지 않는 긍정적인 자세가 필요할 때입니다.

It is a time when a positive attitude that does not fear failure is needed.

Relative clause modifying 자세 (attitude).

그 회사는 환경 보호에 긍정적인 기여를 하고 있다는 평가를 받습니다.

The company is evaluated as making a positive contribution to environmental protection.

기여를 하다 (to make a contribution) collocation.

아무리 힘든 일이라도 긍정적으로 받아들이면 배울 점이 있습니다.

No matter how hard the work is, if you accept it positively, there is something to learn.

아무리 ~아/어도 (no matter how) and -(으)면 (if).

자신을 긍정하는 연습을 통해 자존감을 높일 수 있습니다.

Through the practice of affirming oneself, you can raise your self-esteem.

-을/를 통해 (through) structure.

그 제안은 장점이 많아서 이사회에서 긍정적으로 논의될 것입니다.

Because the proposal has many advantages, it will be discussed positively at the board meeting.

Passive voice 논의되다 (to be discussed).

현대 사회에서는 무조건적인 긍정보다는 비판적 사고가 동반된 긍정이 요구됩니다.

In modern society, positivity accompanied by critical thinking is required rather than unconditional positivity.

Passive voice 요구되다 and complex noun modification.

그 학자는 인간의 본성을 근본적으로 긍정하는 철학적 입장을 취하고 있습니다.

The scholar takes a philosophical stance that fundamentally affirms human nature.

입장을 취하다 (to take a stance) idiom.

정부의 새로운 정책이 시장에 미칠 긍정적 파급 효과를 분석해 보았습니다.

I analyzed the positive ripple effects the government's new policy will have on the market.

Future modifier -(으)ㄹ applied to 미치다.

갈등 상황에서 상대방의 감정을 긍정해 주는 화법은 문제 해결의 실마리가 됩니다.

In a conflict situation, a speech style that affirms the other person's feelings becomes a clue to solving the problem.

-아/어 주다 expressing doing a favor/action for someone.

지나친 긍정주의는 오히려 현실의 문제점을 직시하는 것을 방해할 수 있다는 지적이 있습니다.

There is a criticism that excessive positivism can actually hinder facing the problems of reality.

Indirect quotation structure -다는 지적이 있다.

면접관은 지원자의 답변에서 드러나는 긍정적이고 진취적인 태도를 높이 평가했습니다.

The interviewer highly evaluated the positive and enterprising attitude revealed in the applicant's answers.

높이 평가하다 (to evaluate highly) collocation.

이 연구는 소셜 미디어가 청소년의 자아 형성에 미치는 긍정적 기능에 초점을 맞추고 있습니다.

This study focuses on the positive functions social media has on the identity formation of adolescents.

-에 초점을 맞추다 (to focus on).

비록 초기 반응은 회의적이었으나, 점차 그 가치를 긍정하는 여론이 형성되고 있습니다.

Although the initial reaction was skeptical, public opinion affirming its value is gradually forming.

비록 ~지만/으나 (although) concession structure.

니체의 철학에서 운명애(Amor Fati)는 삶의 고통마저도 전면적으로 긍정하는 심오한 태도를 의미합니다.

In Nietzsche's philosophy, Amor Fati means a profound attitude of fully affirming even the suffering of life.

Advanced vocabulary (전면적으로, 심오한) and particle -마저도 (even).

해당 법안에 대한 여야의 합의는 민주적 절차의 정당성을 재차 긍정하는 계기가 되었습니다.

The agreement between the ruling and opposition parties on the bill served as an opportunity to reaffirm the legitimacy of the democratic process.

-는 계기가 되다 (to serve as an opportunity/turning point).

문학 평론가들은 그 소설이 인간 소외 현상을 다루면서도 궁극적으로는 연대의 가능성을 긍정하고 있다고 분석했습니다.

Literary critics analyzed that the novel, while dealing with human alienation, ultimately affirms the possibility of solidarity.

Simultaneous action -면서도 (while doing... also).

기업의 사회적 책임(CSR) 활동은 단순한 자선이 아니라, 기업과 사회의 공생을 긍정하는 전략적 투자로 인식되어야 합니다.

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) activities should be recognized not as simple charity, but as a strategic investment affirming the symbiosis of business and society.

A가 아니라 B (Not A but B) structure.

그녀의 예술 작품은 전통적 미학을 파괴하는 듯 보이지만, 기저에는 새로운 형태의 아름다움을 긍정하려는 강렬한 의지가 깔려 있습니다.

Her artwork seems to destroy traditional aesthetics, but underlying it is a strong will to affirm a new form of beauty.

-는 듯 보이다 (seems like) and 기저에 깔려 있다 (underlying).

국제 사회는 기후 변화 대응을 위한 다자간 협력의 필요성을 전폭적으로 긍정하며 새로운 협약에 서명했습니다.

The international community fully affirmed the need for multilateral cooperation to respond to climate change and signed a new agreement.

전폭적으로 (fully/wholeheartedly) adverbial usage.

역사적 트라우마를 극복하기 위해서는 과거의 상처를 덮어두는 것이 아니라, 이를 직시하고 치유의 과정을 긍정하는 사회적 합의가 선행되어야 합니다.

To overcome historical trauma, a social consensus that faces the wounds of the past rather than covering them up and affirms the healing process must precede.

선행되어야 하다 (must precede) passive necessity.

인공지능의 발달이 초래할 노동 시장의 변화를 무조건 비관하기보다는, 인간 고유의 창의성이 발현될 새로운 기회로 긍정하는 발상의 전환이 촉구됩니다.

Rather than unconditionally being pessimistic about the changes in the labor market caused by the development of AI, a paradigm shift is urged to affirm it as a new opportunity for human creativity to manifest.

-기보다는 (rather than) and 발상의 전환 (paradigm shift).

실존주의적 관점에서 볼 때, 부조리한 세계 속에서 자신의 자유를 자각하고 책임을 긍정하는 행위야말로 진정한 실존의 발현이다.

From an existentialist perspective, the act of realizing one's freedom in an absurd world and affirming responsibility is the true manifestation of existence.

-야말로 (indeed/exactly) for strong emphasis.

언어학적 측면에서 '긍정'이라는 기표는 단순한 동의를 넘어, 발화자와 청자 간의 인식론적 기반을 공유하고 세계를 재구성하는 수행적 효력을 지닌다.

Linguistically, the signifier 'affirmation' goes beyond simple agreement; it possesses a performative efficacy that shares the epistemological foundation between speaker and listener and reconstructs the world.

Highly academic vocabulary (기표, 인식론적, 수행적 효력).

자본주의 체제의 모순을 날카롭게 해부한 그의 저작조차도, 역설적으로 인간 이성의 해방 가능성에 대한 철저한 긍정에 그 뿌리를 두고 있음은 부인할 수 없는 사실이다.

It is an undeniable fact that even his work, which sharply dissected the contradictions of the capitalist system, paradoxically roots itself in a thorough affirmation of the possibility of the liberation of human reason.

-조차도 (even) and -음은 부인할 수 없는 사실이다 (it is an undeniable fact that...).

포스트모더니즘 담론이 거대 서사를 해체하는 과정에서 파생된 허무주의적 경향을 극복하기 위한 대안으로서, 미시적 서사들의 다원성을 긍정하는 새로운 윤리학이 대두되고 있다.

As an alternative to overcome the nihilistic tendencies derived from the postmodern discourse's deconstruction of grand narratives, a new ethics affirming the plurality of micro-narratives is emerging.

Complex academic sentence structure with multiple modifiers.

해당 판결은 헌법상 보장된 기본권의 본질적 내용을 침해하지 않는 범위 내에서 국가 권력의 개입을 예외적으로 긍정한 판례로 평가받으며, 향후 위헌 법률 심판의 중요한 준거가 될 것이다.

The ruling is evaluated as a precedent that exceptionally affirmed the intervention of state power within the scope of not infringing on the essential content of fundamental rights guaranteed by the Constitution, and will become an important criterion for future constitutional reviews.

Legal terminology (판결, 위헌 법률 심판, 준거).

타자의 타자성을 환원하지 않고 있는 그대로 긍정하는 레비나스의 타자 윤리학은, 현대 사회의 폭력성을 성찰하는 데 있어 가장 근원적인 사유의 단초를 제공한다.

Levinas's ethics of the other, which affirms the otherness of the other as it is without reducing it, provides the most fundamental starting point of thought in reflecting on the violence of modern society.

Philosophical phrasing (타자성, 환원하다, 사유의 단초).

생명 공학의 비약적 발전이 야기하는 생명 윤리적 딜레마 앞에서도, 과학 기술의 진보 자체가 인류의 복지 증진에 기여할 것이라는 본원적 긍정을 포기해서는 안 된다는 목소리가 높다.

Even in the face of bioethical dilemmas caused by the rapid development of biotechnology, voices are high that we must not abandon the fundamental affirmation that the progress of science and technology itself will contribute to the promotion of human welfare.

-앞에서도 (even in the face of) and 본원적 (fundamental).

전통 음악의 현대적 변용을 시도하는 그의 작업은, 과거의 유산을 단순히 보존하는 것을 넘어 동시대적 감수성과의 접속을 통해 그 생명력을 적극적으로 긍정하려는 치열한 예술적 실천이다.

His work attempting modern adaptation of traditional music is a fierce artistic practice to actively affirm its vitality through connection with contemporary sensibility, beyond simply preserving the legacy of the past.

Artistic critique vocabulary (변용, 동시대적 감수성, 치열한).

常见搭配

긍정적인 태도

긍정적인 마인드

긍정적인 영향

긍정적인 결과

긍정적으로 생각하다

긍정적으로 검토하다

긍정의 힘

긍정적인 평가

긍정적인 반응

긍정적인 에너지

常用短语

긍정적으로 생각해

긍정적인 마인드를 가지자

긍정적으로 검토하겠습니다

모든 일에 긍정적이다

긍정의 에너지가 넘치다

긍정적인 방향으로

긍정적인 측면

긍정적인 답변을 기다립니다

스스로를 긍정하다

긍정과 부정

容易混淆的词

긍정 vs 낙관 (Optimism - specifically about the future)

긍정 vs 좋다 (Good - a general state, not a mindset)

긍정 vs 행복 (Happiness - an emotion, not an attitude)

习语与表达

容易混淆

긍정 vs

句型

如何使用

nuance

While 긍정 translates to 'positive', it carries a stronger sense of active 'affirmation' of reality than the English word 'positive', which can sometimes just mean 'happy'.

frequency

Extremely high in both spoken and written Korean, across all age groups and social settings.

常见错误

Using 긍정 as an adjective without -적인 (e.g., 긍정 사람 instead of 긍정적인 사람).
Using 긍정하다 in casual conversation to mean 'I agree', which sounds too formal and stiff.
Forgetting the -으로 in '긍정적으로 생각하다' and just saying '긍정적 생각하다'.
Using 긍정 to mean a medical 'positive' result (should be 양성).
Confusing the pronunciation of 긍정 with 감정 (emotion) due to the similar ending sound.

小贴士

Master the Suffixes

Always remember the trio: 긍정 (noun), 긍정적인 (adjective modifier), 긍정적으로 (adverb). Using the wrong one is the most common mistake.

Learn the Antonym

Learn 부정 (negativity) at the same time. They share the '정' character, making them easy to remember as a pair.

Tone Matters

When telling someone to think positively (긍정적으로 생각해), use a warm and encouraging tone. The delivery is just as important as the words.

Diplomatic Rejections

Understand that '긍정적으로 검토하겠습니다' might just be a polite brush-off in a corporate setting. Don't assume it's a guaranteed 'yes'.

Pair with English Loanwords

Koreans love pairing this word with English loanwords. '긍정적인 마인드' (positive mind) and '긍정적인 에너지' (positive energy) sound very natural.

Use in Essays

In TOPIK writing, using '긍정적인 영향' (positive influence) is a great way to score points when discussing the benefits of a topic.

A Highly Valued Trait

In Korea, showing a positive attitude is often seen as a sign of good character and resilience. Use this word to compliment others.

Understand Internet Slang

If you see '긍정 회로' online, know that it's a slightly sarcastic or humorous way of saying someone is being overly optimistic.

Catch the Context

Listen to whether the speaker is talking about a person's personality (긍정적인 사람) or evaluating a situation (긍정적인 결과).

Avoid for Medical Tests

Never use 긍정 for a 'positive' COVID test or pregnancy test. Use 양성 (yang-seong) instead.

记住它

记忆技巧

Think of 'Geung-jeong' as 'Going strong'. When you are 'Going strong', you have a POSITIVE attitude.

词源

Sino-Korean word. 肯 (긍) means 'to agree' or 'to be willing', and 定 (정) means 'to decide' or 'to fix'. Together, they mean deciding to agree or affirming something as true.

文化背景

Younger generations sometimes use '긍정 회로 돌린다' (running the positivity circuit) self-deprecatingly when they are trying to force themselves to see a bad situation in a good light.

Using '긍정적으로 검토하겠습니다' (I will review it positively) is a standard, polite way to say 'I will think about it' in business, without making a hard promise.

在生活中练习

真实语境

对话开场白

"당신은 긍정적인 사람인가요, 아니면 부정적인 사람인가요?"

"최근에 긍정적인 에너지를 받은 경험이 있나요?"

"힘든 일이 있을 때 어떻게 긍정적인 마음을 유지하나요?"

"우리 팀의 가장 긍정적인 변화는 무엇이라고 생각하나요?"

"긍정적인 마인드가 성공에 얼마나 중요하다고 생각하나요?"

日记主题

Write about a time when a positive attitude (긍정적인 태도) helped you overcome a difficult situation.

Describe someone you know who has a lot of positive energy (긍정적인 에너지).

List three positive things (긍정적인 것들) that happened to you today.

Explain why it is sometimes hard to think positively (긍정적으로 생각하다).

Write a short letter to yourself using words of affirmation (긍정).

常见问题

10 个问题

No, 긍정 is a noun. To use it as an adjective meaning 'positive', you must add the suffix -적 to make it 긍정적. For example, you cannot say '긍정 사람'; you must say '긍정적인 사람'.

긍정 is a general positivity or affirmation of a current situation or fact. 낙관 specifically refers to optimism about the future. You can have a 긍정적인 attitude about a past event, but you have a 낙관적인 view of tomorrow.

The most natural and common way to say this is '긍정적으로 생각하세요' (formal) or '긍정적으로 생각해' (casual). It literally translates to 'Think in a positive manner'.

Not really. 긍정하다 means 'to affirm' or 'to acknowledge as true' and is quite formal. In daily conversation, people usually say '맞아요' (That's right) or '동의해요' (I agree) instead.

It translates to 'I will review it positively.' However, in Korean business culture, it is often a polite, diplomatic way to say 'I will think about it' without making a firm commitment to say yes.

The opposite is 부정 (bu-jeong), which means negativity or denial. The two words are often used together when discussing the pros and cons of a situation (긍정과 부정).

Yes, in medical contexts, a positive test result (e.g., for a virus) is called 양성 (yang-seong), not 긍정. 긍정 is used for attitudes, evaluations, and affirmations.

It is pronounced as 'geung-jeong'. Make sure to clearly pronounce the 'ng' sound at the end of the first syllable before starting the 'j' sound of the second syllable.

Common pairings include 마인드 (mindset), 태도 (attitude), 에너지 (energy), 영향 (influence), and 결과 (result).

It is a popular modern slang term. '긍정 회로를 돌리다' literally means 'to run the positivity circuit', used humorously when someone is trying very hard to rationalize a bad situation in a positive way.