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B1 noun 10分钟阅读

dienst

开始练习例句笔记与提示 dienst 30秒了解

解析 dienst in your Level:

At the A1 level, you only need to know 'dienst' in very simple contexts. You might see it on a bus as 'Buiten dienst' (Out of service), which means you cannot get on. You might also learn 'klantendienst' (customer service) if you are learning how to shop or ask for help. At this stage, just recognize that 'dienst' usually means something related to 'service' or 'help'. You don't need to use it in complex sentences yet. Just remember: 'De bus is buiten dienst' and 'Waar is de klantendienst?'.

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At the A2 level, you start using 'dienst' to talk about your job if you work shifts. You can say 'Ik heb een dagdienst' or 'Ik heb een nachtdienst'. You also learn the polite phrase 'Tot uw dienst!' which means 'At your service!'. You might also encounter 'kerkdienst' if you talk about your weekend activities. You understand that 'dienst' is a 'de-woord' (de dienst). You can ask someone for a small favor using 'dienst', though 'plezier' is still more common for you at this level.

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At the B1 level, you should be comfortable with 'dienst' in several professional and social contexts. You know that it means 'shift' in healthcare or security ('een dienst draaien'). You understand the difference between 'in dienst zijn' (being employed) and 'uit dienst gaan' (leaving a job). You can use the collocation 'iemand een dienst bewijzen' correctly. You also recognize government departments like 'de Belastingdienst'. You are beginning to see how 'dienst' forms many compound words like 'hulpdienst' or 'dienstregeling'. This is the level where you move beyond simple 'service' and start using 'dienst' like a native speaker.

At the B2 level, you use 'dienst' with more nuance and in more formal settings. You understand abstract concepts like 'dienstverlening' (service provision) and 'dienstbaarheid' (helpfulness/service-mindedness). You can use the idiom 'de dienst uitmaken' (to be in charge) in a conversation about office politics. You are familiar with 'dienstplicht' (conscription) and can discuss its historical or political context. Your use of prepositions like 'ten dienste van' is accurate in written reports. You also know that in Belgium, 'dienst' is the standard word for a hospital department.

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At the C1 level, 'dienst' is a tool for professional and academic precision. You use it in complex legal or business terms like 'dienstbetrekking' (employment relationship) or 'dienstovereenkomst' (service agreement). You understand the subtle historical connotations of 'dienst' in literature or historical texts. You can fluently switch between 'dienst', 'gunst', and 'faciliteren' depending on the exact shade of meaning you want to convey. You are aware of the 'dienstensector' (service sector) and can discuss economic trends using this terminology. Your command of the word is indistinguishable from a native speaker.

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At the C2 level, you have a complete grasp of 'dienst' and all its rare and archaic forms. You might use 'dienstig' (useful/serviceable) in a formal philosophical or legal argument. You understand the etymological links to other Germanic languages and how the word has evolved over centuries. You can play with the word in wordplay or high-level rhetoric. You are comfortable with all idiomatic expressions, even the most obscure ones, and can use them to add color and authority to your speech or writing. For you, 'dienst' is not just a word, but a concept with deep cultural and historical roots.

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开始练习例句笔记与提示

dienst 30秒了解

Dienst primarily means 'service' or 'shift'. It is used for work schedules, government departments, and doing favors for others.
It is a 'de-word' (de dienst) and its plural is 'diensten'. Common verbs include 'hebben' for shifts and 'bewijzen' for favors.
Common compounds include 'klantendienst' (customer service), 'nachtdienst' (night shift), and 'hulpdiensten' (emergency services).
In formal contexts, 'in dienst' means employed, and 'tot uw dienst' is a polite way to say 'at your service'.

The Dutch word dienst is a versatile and essential noun that every B1 learner must master. At its core, it refers to the act of helping, serving, or performing a specific function. Depending on the context, it can translate to 'service', 'shift', 'department', or 'favor'. Understanding the breadth of this word is key to sounding natural in both professional and social settings in the Netherlands and Flanders.

Work Context: In a professional environment, 'dienst' most commonly refers to a work shift. If you work in healthcare, police, or hospitality, you will frequently talk about your 'nachtdienst' (night shift) or 'dagdienst' (day shift). It also refers to being 'in service' of an employer, known as 'in dienst zijn'.

Ik kan niet naar het feestje komen, want ik heb vanavond dienst in het ziekenhuis.

Translation: I cannot come to the party because I have a shift at the hospital tonight.

Beyond the workplace, 'dienst' is used for public or commercial services. The 'Belastingdienst' is the Dutch Tax Office, and 'klantendienst' is customer service. When you use a public utility, you are interacting with a 'dienstverlening' (service provision). It carries a sense of organized assistance provided by an entity to the public or a customer base.

Social Context: In social interactions, 'een dienst' is a favor. To ask someone for a favor, you say 'iemand een dienst bewijzen'. This implies a helpful action that requires effort or resources. It is slightly more formal than 'een gunst', but they are often used interchangeably in casual conversation.

Zou je me een dienst kunnen bewijzen en deze brief even posten?

Translation: Could you do me a favor and post this letter?

Lastly, 'dienst' has a religious connotation. A 'kerkdienst' is a church service. Here, it maintains its original meaning of serving a higher power or a community through ritual and prayer. Similarly, 'militaire dienst' refers to military service or conscription, where one serves their country.

Idiomatic Use: The phrase 'tot uw dienst' is the Dutch equivalent of 'at your service'. You will hear this from polite shopkeepers, hotel staff, or in formal correspondence. It signals a willingness to help and professional courtesy.

Alstublieft, mevrouw, tot uw dienst!

In summary, 'dienst' is about the structure of work, the act of helping others, and the official departments that keep society running. Whether you are clocking in for a shift, asking for a favor, or paying your taxes, you are engaging with the many facets of 'dienst'.

Using 'dienst' correctly requires understanding its grammatical behavior and common verb pairings. As a 'de-woord' (common gender), it takes the article 'de' and the plural form 'diensten'. Let's explore the various ways to integrate it into your Dutch sentences.

Verb Pairing: Hebben: When you are scheduled to work a shift, you use the verb 'hebben'. This is the most common way to describe your work schedule in sectors like healthcare or security.

Mijn zus heeft dit weekend dienst, dus ze kan niet mee naar het strand.

If you want to specify the type of shift, you can use compound words or adjectives. For example, 'bereikbaarheidsdienst' (on-call service) or 'waakdienst' (watch duty). The structure remains 'een [type] dienst hebben'.

Verb Pairing: Bewijzen: To do someone a favor, the standard expression is 'iemand een dienst bewijzen'. This is a fixed collocation. You cannot say 'een dienst doen' (though you can say 'een plezier doen').

Hij heeft me een grote dienst bewezen door mijn auto te repareren.

Another important context is 'uit dienst gaan' or 'uit dienst treden', which means to leave a job or resign. Conversely, 'in dienst treden' means to start a new job. These are formal terms often found in contracts and HR documents.

Prepositional Phrases: 'Ten dienste van' means 'at the service of' or 'for the benefit of'. This is quite formal and used in academic or legal writing to indicate purpose.

Deze nieuwe wet staat volledig ten dienste van de verkeersveiligheid.

When talking about the military, we say 'in dienst gaan' (to join the army) or 'onder dienst zijn' (to be serving in the military). Note that 'dienstplicht' is the specific word for mandatory military service (conscription).

Lastly, for public transport, 'de dienst' refers to the scheduled operation. If a bus is 'uit de dienst genomen', it has been taken out of service. If the 'dienstregeling' is changed, the schedule has been updated. Mastering these patterns will help you navigate daily life in Dutch-speaking countries with ease.

The word 'dienst' is omnipresent in Dutch society. You will encounter it in professional, public, and private spheres. Knowing where to expect it will improve your listening comprehension significantly.

In the Workplace: If you work in a hospital, a police station, or a factory, 'dienst' is the word of the day. You will hear colleagues asking, 'Wie heeft er morgen dienst?' (Who is on shift tomorrow?) or 'Zullen we van dienst ruilen?' (Shall we swap shifts?). It is the standard unit of time for scheduled work.

De verpleegkundige heeft een dubbele dienst gedraaid vanwege het personeelstekort.

In office environments, you'll hear it in terms of employment status. HR managers talk about 'dienstjaren' (years of service) when discussing anniversaries or pensions. When a new employee starts, they are 'in dienst getreden'.

Public Administration: The Dutch government is organized into various 'diensten'. The most famous (or infamous) is the 'Belastingdienst' (Tax Service). Others include the 'Immigratie- en Naturalisatiedienst' (IND) and 'Rijkswaterstaat', which is a 'dienst' of the Ministry of Infrastructure. On official letters, you will see 'Dienst' followed by the department name.

On public transport, 'dienst' is part of the vocabulary of travel. You will see 'Buiten dienst' (Out of service) on the front of buses or on digital signs at train stations. The 'dienstregeling' is the bible for commuters, posted at every stop and available in apps like 9292 or NS.

In the Community: On Sundays, you might see people heading to a 'kerkdienst'. In small towns, the church bells often signal the start of the 'dienst'. In a more modern context, you might see signs for 'dienstverlening' at the local 'gemeentehuis' (town hall), indicating where you can access municipal services like getting a passport.

De dienst begint om tien uur, dus we moeten op tijd vertrekken.

Finally, in customer interactions, 'klantendienst' is the term for the help desk. If you call a company with a problem, you are calling their 'dienst'. Staff will often end a conversation with 'Graag gedaan, tot uw dienst!', emphasizing their role in serving you.

While 'dienst' seems straightforward, its multiple meanings can lead to common pitfalls for English speakers. Avoiding these errors will make your Dutch sound much more professional and accurate.

Mistake 1: Using 'Service' instead of 'Dienst': English speakers often use the loanword 'service' in Dutch. While 'service' is correct for 'customer service level' or 'technical maintenance', it is wrong for a 'work shift'. You cannot say 'Ik heb een service in het ziekenhuis'. It must be 'dienst'.

Fout: Ik heb een nachtservice.
Goed: Ik heb een nachtdienst.

Similarly, 'service' in a restaurant refers to the quality of the waiting staff, but a 'church service' is always a 'kerkdienst'. Using 'service' for a religious gathering sounds like you're talking about repairing the church building!

Mistake 2: Confusing 'Dienst' with 'Gunst': While both can mean 'favor', 'dienst' is often associated with the phrase 'een dienst bewijzen' (to prove/render a service). 'Gunst' is more about a small kindness. Using 'doen' with 'dienst' (een dienst doen) is a common anglicism. Stick to 'bewijzen'.

Mistake 3: Preposition Confusion: When talking about employment, learners often say 'Ik werk voor de dienst' when they mean they are employed by a company. The correct formal phrase is 'Ik ben in dienst bij...'. Using 'voor' is okay in casual speech but 'in dienst bij' is the standard professional form.

Fout: Ik ben onder dienst bij Philips.
Goed: Ik ben in dienst bij Philips.

Also, be careful with 'uit dienst'. It means you no longer work there. If you say 'Ik ben buiten dienst', it sounds like you are a machine that is broken or a bus that isn't running. If you want to say you are 'off duty', say 'Ik heb geen dienst'.

By paying attention to these nuances—especially the distinction between 'service' and 'dienst' and the specific verbs like 'bewijzen' and 'draaien'—you will avoid the most common errors made by learners at the B1 level.

To broaden your Dutch vocabulary, it is helpful to look at words that are similar to 'dienst' but used in different contexts. This helps you choose the most precise word for what you want to say.

Dienst vs. Service: As mentioned, 'service' is a loanword. Use 'service' for technical support (reparatieservice) or the quality of treatment in a restaurant. Use 'dienst' for organized work shifts, government departments, and favors.

Dienst vs. Shift: In modern Dutch, especially in corporate or tech environments, you might hear the English word 'shift'. However, 'dienst' remains the standard term in healthcare, police, and traditional industries. Using 'dienst' is always safer and sounds more integrated.

Zijn dienst zit erop, nu kan hij naar huis. (His shift is over, now he can go home.)

For the meaning of 'favor', you have three main choices: 'dienst', 'gunst', and 'plezier'. 'Dienst' is the most formal, 'gunst' is slightly more personal, and 'plezier' is very common and casual. 'Doe me een plezier' is very common for 'do me a favor'.

Dienst vs. Afdeling: In the context of a department, 'afdeling' is the general word. 'Dienst' is used for government departments (Belastingdienst) or in Belgian hospitals. If you are in a Dutch office, you work on an 'afdeling'. If you are at the tax office, you are at a 'dienst'.

Another related word is 'taak' (task). While a 'dienst' is a period of work (a shift), a 'taak' is a specific thing you have to do during that shift. 'Het behoort tot mijn takenpakket' (It is part of my set of tasks) is a common professional phrase.

Dienst vs. Bediening: In a restaurant, the staff who bring the food are 'de bediening'. You wouldn't call them 'de dienst'. However, the fee for their service (if included) might historically be called 'dienstgeld', though 'servicekosten' is more common today.

By understanding these subtle differences, you can navigate the Dutch language more precisely. Use 'dienst' when thinking about shifts, official departments, and formal favors, and use its alternatives for technical support, casual tasks, or restaurant staff.

How Formal Is It?

趣味小知识

In the past, 'dienst' was often used specifically for domestic servants. Today, that meaning is mostly gone, replaced by professional shifts and public services.

发音指南

UK /dinst/

US /dinst/

The stress is on the only syllable.

押韵词

winst (profit) minst (least) geenszins (by no means) begunst (favored - archaic) gezind (minded) kind (child - near rhyme) wind (wind - near rhyme) sint (saint)

常见错误

Pronouncing 'ie' as a short 'i' (like 'dinst' in English 'din'). It should be long like 'deen'.
Muffling the 'st' at the end.
Confusing it with 'danst' (dances).

难度评级

阅读 2/5

Easy to recognize in context, especially in compounds.

写作 3/5

Requires knowledge of specific collocations like 'bewijzen'.

口语 3/5

Pronunciation is simple, but choosing between 'dienst' and 'service' takes practice.

听力 2/5

Clear pronunciation and very common in daily life.

接下来学什么

前置知识

dienen werk helpen hulp afdeling

接下来学习

dienstverlening dienstregeling verdienen bediening gunst

高级

dienstbetrekking dienstbaarheid dienstdoende dienstig wederdienst

需要掌握的语法

Compound Nouns

Klant + dienst = klantendienst. Dutch links nouns to create specific meanings.

Preposition 'In'

In dienst zijn bij... (to be employed at). Used for status.

Fixed Verb Collocations

Een dienst bewijzen. Certain nouns require specific verbs.

De-words vs Het-words

De dienst. Knowing the gender is crucial for adjectives.

Separable Verbs with Dienst

Dienst doen als. The verb 'doen' stays separate from the noun.

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按水平分级的例句

De bus is buiten dienst.

The bus is out of service.

'Buiten dienst' is a fixed phrase.

Waar is de klantendienst?

Where is the customer service?

'Klantendienst' is a compound noun.

De winkel heeft een goede dienst.

The shop has good service.

Here 'dienst' is used simply for service.

Ik zoek de medische dienst.

I am looking for the medical service.

'De' article is used.

Dank u wel! Tot uw dienst!

Thank you! At your service!

A very common polite expression.

De dienst is gratis.

The service is free.

'Gratis' follows the noun.

Is er een dienst op zondag?

Is there a service on Sunday?

Refers to a religious service.

De trein heeft een nieuwe dienst.

The train has a new service.

Refers to the schedule.

Ik heb morgen een vroege dienst.

I have an early shift tomorrow.

'Vroege dienst' means early shift.

Kun je me een dienst bewijzen?

Can you do me a favor?

'Bewijzen' is the standard verb here.

Zij werkt bij de sociale dienst.

She works at the social services.

'Bij' is the preposition for 'at an organization'.

De kerkdienst begint om 10:00 uur.

The church service starts at 10:00.

Compound word: kerk + dienst.

De lift is tijdelijk buiten dienst.

The elevator is temporarily out of service.

'Tijdelijk' means temporarily.

Hij heeft een nachtdienst in de fabriek.

He has a night shift in the factory.

'Nachtdienst' is a common compound.

Wat is de dienstregeling van de bus?

What is the bus schedule?

'Dienstregeling' is a very important word.

De technische dienst komt morgen langs.

The technical service is coming by tomorrow.

'Langs komen' means to visit/drop by.

Hij is al vijf jaar in dienst bij dit kantoor.

He has been employed at this office for five years.

'In dienst zijn bij' is a standard phrase for employment.

De arts heeft dit weekend bereikbaarheidsdienst.

The doctor is on-call this weekend.

'Bereikbaarheidsdienst' means on-call duty.

De Belastingdienst heeft een brief gestuurd.

The Tax Office has sent a letter.

The 'Belastingdienst' is the official name.

We moeten de hulpdiensten onmiddellijk bellen.

We must call the emergency services immediately.

'Hulpdiensten' is plural for emergency services.

Zij gaat volgende maand uit dienst.

She is leaving the company next month.

'Uit dienst gaan' means to stop working there.

Mag ik u een dienst bewijzen door de deur open te houden?

May I do you a favor by holding the door open?

A polite, formal way to offer help.

De treinuitval verstoort de hele dienstregeling.

The train cancellation disrupts the entire schedule.

'Verstoort' means disrupts.

Hij heeft zijn militaire dienst in Duitsland vervuld.

He fulfilled his military service in Germany.

'Vervullen' is often used with 'dienst'.

De overheid wil de dienstverlening verbeteren.

The government wants to improve service provision.

'Dienstverlening' is the noun for providing services.

Zij maakt al jaren de dienst uit in dit team.

She has been calling the shots in this team for years.

Idiom: 'de dienst uitmaken' (to be the boss).

De nieuwe software staat ten dienste van de efficiëntie.

The new software serves the purpose of efficiency.

'Ten dienste van' is a formal prepositional phrase.

Hij telt veel dienstjaren bij de politie.

He has many years of service with the police.

'Dienstjaren' refers to seniority.

De IND is de dienst die over verblijfsvergunningen gaat.

The IND is the service that handles residence permits.

IND stands for Immigratie- en Naturalisatiedienst.

Zijn dienstbaarheid wordt door iedereen gewaardeerd.

His helpfulness is appreciated by everyone.

'Dienstbaarheid' is the quality of being helpful.

De vloot werd buiten dienst gesteld.

The fleet was decommissioned.

'Buiten dienst stellen' is a formal way to say decommission.

Hij heeft een belangrijke dienst bewezen aan de wetenschap.

He has rendered an important service to science.

Used here in a very broad, noble sense.

De arbeidsvoorwaarden in de dienstensector zijn veranderd.

The working conditions in the service sector have changed.

'Dienstensector' is the tertiary sector of the economy.

Er is sprake van een fictieve dienstbetrekking.

There is a case of a fictitious employment relationship.

'Dienstbetrekking' is a formal legal term for employment.

De diplomaat stelde zich geheel ten dienste van de vrede.

The diplomat devoted himself entirely to the service of peace.

Highly formal use of 'ten dienste van'.

Het ontslag wegens dringende reden beëindigt de dienstovereenkomst.

Dismissal for urgent reasons terminates the service agreement.

'Dienstovereenkomst' is a formal contract term.

De kerkgemeenschap houdt een oecumenische dienst.

The church community is holding an ecumenical service.

'Oecumenische' is a high-level adjective.

De hiërarchie binnen de overheidsdienst is strikt.

The hierarchy within the government service is strict.

'Overheidsdienst' means civil service.

Zijn handelen was strijdig met het belang van de dienst.

His actions were contrary to the interest of the service.

'Belang van de dienst' is a specific professional term.

De continuïteit van de dienstverlening moet gewaarborgd blijven.

The continuity of the service provision must remain guaranteed.

'Gewaarborgd' is a formal C1-level word.

De ontlezing is een slechte dienst aan de cultuur.

The decline in reading is a disservice to culture.

Here 'dienst' is used metaphorically for contribution.

Hij was decennialang werkzaam in de diplomatieke dienst.

He was active in the diplomatic service for decades.

'Diplomatieke dienst' is the Foreign Service.

De dienstbaarheid aan het algemeen belang is een groot goed.

Service to the public interest is a great asset.

Philosophical use of 'dienstbaarheid'.

Het apparaat weigerde alle dienst na de stroomstoring.

The device refused all service (stopped working) after the power cut.

Idiom: 'dienst weigeren' (to fail/stop working).

Zijn proefschrift was een voortreffelijke dienst aan de geschiedschrijving.

His thesis was an excellent contribution to historiography.

Abstract C2-level usage.

De vorst stelde zijn leven in dienst van zijn onderdanen.

The monarch dedicated his life to the service of his subjects.

'In dienst stellen van' means to dedicate to.

De ambtelijke molens van deze dienst draaien langzaam.

The bureaucratic mills of this service grind slowly.

Idiomatic and metaphorical.

De herinvoering van de dienstplicht is een heet hangijzer.

The reintroduction of conscription is a hot potato.

'Heet hangijzer' is a C2 idiom for a controversial topic.

常见搭配

dienst hebben

een dienst bewijzen

in dienst zijn

buiten dienst

tot uw dienst

een dienst draaien

uit dienst treden

de dienst uitmaken

medische dienst

dienstregeling volgen

常用短语

Klantendienst

— The department that helps customers with questions or problems.

Bel de klantendienst voor hulp.

Hulpdiensten

— The collective term for police, fire, and ambulance services.

De hulpdiensten waren snel ter plaatse.

Nachtdienst

— A work shift that takes place during the night.

Nachtdiensten zijn erg vermoeiend.

Dienstregeling

— The official schedule for public transport.

De nieuwe dienstregeling gaat in december in.

In dienst treden

— To start a new job at a company.

Wanneer treed je in dienst?

Bereikbaarheidsdienst

— Being on call to respond to emergencies or issues.

Hij heeft dit weekend bereikbaarheidsdienst.

Belastingdienst

— The Dutch government agency responsible for taxes.

De Belastingdienst heeft mijn aangifte ontvangen.

Militaire dienst

— Service in the armed forces, often mandatory in the past.

Hij hoefde niet in militaire dienst.

Dienstjaren

— The number of years someone has worked for an employer.

Zij heeft veel dienstjaren opgebouwd.

Sociale dienst

— The department providing social welfare and benefits.

Hij krijgt een uitkering van de sociale dienst.

容易混淆的词

dienst vs service

Service is for quality/repairs; Dienst is for shifts/departments.

dienst vs gunst

Gunst is a personal favor; Dienst is often more formal or professional.

dienst vs afdeling

Afdeling is a general department; Dienst is often a government or medical department.

习语与表达

"De dienst uitmaken"

— To be the person who makes the decisions and gives the orders.

Op dit kantoor maakt de secretaresse de dienst uit.

informal

"Tot uw dienst"

— A very polite way to say 'you're welcome' or 'I am here to help'.

Geen probleem, tot uw dienst!

formal

"Dienst weigeren"

— When a machine or object stops working or functioning.

Mijn computer weigerde alle dienst vanmorgen.

neutral

"Iemand een slechte dienst bewijzen"

— To do something that you think is helpful but actually makes things worse.

Door hem het antwoord te geven, heb je hem een slechte dienst bewezen.

neutral

"In dienst staan van"

— To be dedicated to or used for a specific purpose.

Zijn hele leven stond in dienst van de muziek.

formal

"Ten dienste staan van"

— To be available or useful for someone or something.

Onze expertise staat ten dienste van uw project.

formal

"Uit de dienst genomen"

— To be removed from active use (usually for vehicles).

De oude bussen zijn uit de dienst genomen.

neutral

"De actieve dienst"

— Active military duty.

Hij keerde na zijn verlof terug in actieve dienst.

formal

"Dienst doen als"

— To function as or serve as something else.

Deze oude school doet nu dienst als museum.

neutral

"Een wederdienst"

— A favor done in return for one received.

Ik zal je een wederdienst bewijzen.

neutral

容易混淆

dienst vs bediening

Both relate to 'serving'.

'Bediening' is for waiters in a restaurant; 'Dienst' is for a work shift or a favor.

De bediening is goed, maar de ober heeft een lange dienst.

dienst vs hulp

Both mean 'help'.

'Hulp' is general assistance; 'Dienst' is an organized or formal act of help.

Ik heb hulp nodig met dit pakket, maar het is een grote dienst als je het naar de post brengt.

dienst vs taak

Both relate to work duty.

'Taak' is a single job to do; 'Dienst' is the whole period of time you are working.

Mijn taak tijdens deze dienst is het wassen van de auto's.

dienst vs shift

Modern loanword.

'Shift' is used in tech/modern offices; 'Dienst' is traditional and used in healthcare/police.

In de fabriek noemen ze het een shift, maar in het ziekenhuis is het een dienst.

dienst vs plezier

Both used for favors.

'Plezier' is casual ('do me a favor'); 'Dienst' is slightly more formal ('render a service').

Doe me een plezier en bewijs me de dienst om dit geheim te houden.

句型

Ik heb [tijd] dienst.

Ik heb morgen dienst.

Kun je me een dienst bewijzen?

Kun je me een dienst bewijzen en de afwas doen?

Zij is in dienst bij [bedrijf].

Zij is in dienst bij de bank.

[Onderwerp] maakt hier de dienst uit.

De directeur maakt hier de dienst uit.

[Iets] staat ten dienste van [iets anders].

Technologie staat ten dienste van de mens.

Er is sprake van een [adjectief] dienstbetrekking.

Er is sprake van een tijdelijke dienstbetrekking.

De continuïteit van de [noun]-dienst.

De continuïteit van de klantendienst.

[Onderwerp] weigert alle dienst.

De motor weigerde alle dienst.

词族

名词

dienstverlening

dienstmeisje

dienstbode

dienstplicht

dienstregeling

dienstencentrum

动词

dienen

bedienen

verdienen

uitdienen

形容词

dienstig

dienstbaar

dienstwillig

dienstdoend

如何使用

frequency

Very common in professional and administrative contexts.

常见错误

Ik heb een nachtservice. → Ik heb een nachtdienst.
You cannot use 'service' for a work shift.
Hij doet me een dienst. → Hij bewijst me een dienst.
The correct verb for rendering a service/favor is 'bewijzen'.
De bus is buiten service. → De bus is buiten dienst.
The fixed phrase for public transport is 'buiten dienst'.
Ik ben onder dienst bij de bank. → Ik ben in dienst bij de bank.
The preposition for employment is 'in'.
Ik ga uit de dienst. → Ik ga uit dienst.
When leaving a job, you don't use the article 'de' in this specific phrase.

小贴士

Learn Compounds

'Dienst' is a building block for many words. Learning 'nachtdienst', 'klantendienst', and 'hulpdienst' together will boost your vocabulary quickly.

Use 'Bewijzen'

Always pair 'dienst' with 'bewijzen' when talking about favors. 'Een dienst doen' is understandable but sounds like an English translation.

Emergency Services

Remember 'de hulpdiensten'. It's the word you need if you're talking about the police, fire brigade, or ambulance collectively.

Shift Work

If you work in healthcare, 'dienst' is your most important word. Use 'dienst draaien' to say you are working a shift.

Travel Schedule

Check the 'dienstregeling' if your train is late. It's the official word for the timetable.

Formal Help

Use 'Tot uw dienst' in formal emails or when working in service to show high-level politeness.

Dienst vs. Service

Only use 'service' for technical things or restaurant quality. For everything else, 'dienst' is usually better.

Job Status

Use 'in dienst bij' on your LinkedIn profile or CV to state your employer formally.

Power Play

Use 'de dienst uitmaken' when discussing who is really in charge of a situation or group.

Hospital Context

In a hospital, 'de dienst' often refers to the specific medical department (e.g., Dienst Cardiologie).

记住它

记忆技巧

Think of a 'Dean' (dienst starts with 'd') who provides 'service' to students during his 'shift'.

视觉联想

Imagine a hospital nurse checking a schedule (shift) and then helping a patient (service).

Word Web

werk hulp shift overheid gunst kerk leger service

挑战

Try to use 'dienst' in three different ways today: once for work, once for a favor, and once for a public service.

词源

Derived from the Middle Dutch 'dienst', which comes from the Old Dutch 'thionost'. It is related to the verb 'dienen' (to serve).

原始含义： The act of serving a master or a lord in a feudal system.

Germanic (cognate with German 'Dienst' and Swedish 'tjänst').

文化背景

No major sensitivities, but 'dienstmeisje' (maid) is considered old-fashioned and potentially patronizing.

English uses 'service' for almost everything, but Dutch splits this into 'dienst' (official/shift) and 'service' (technical/quality).

The Belastingdienst (Tax Office) Dienstplicht (Military conscription, often discussed in history) Tot uw dienst! (Pim Fortuyn used a variation of this in politics)

在生活中练习

真实语境

Hospital/Healthcare

Wie heeft er dienst?
Ik heb nachtdienst.
De bereikbaarheidsdienst.
Diensten ruilen.

Public Transport

De bus is buiten dienst.
De nieuwe dienstregeling.
Een verstoorde dienst.
De laatste dienst van vandaag.

Office/Employment

In dienst treden.
Uit dienst gaan.
Aantal dienstjaren.
De personeelsdienst.

Social Situations

Een dienst bewijzen.
Mag ik je een dienst vragen?
Een wederdienst.
Bedankt voor de dienst.

Religious Settings

De kerkdienst.
Een herdenkingsdienst.
De dienst bijwonen.
Het begin van de dienst.

对话开场白

"Heb jij dit weekend dienst of ben je lekker vrij?"

"Zou je me een dienst kunnen bewijzen en even op mijn kat passen?"

"Wat vind jij van de nieuwe dienstregeling van de treinen?"

"Hoeveel dienstjaren heb jij al bij dit bedrijf?"

"Wie maakt bij jullie thuis eigenlijk de dienst uit?"

日记主题

Schrijf over een keer dat iemand jou een grote dienst heeft bewezen. Wat deed die persoon?

Zou jij in militaire dienst willen gaan als dat verplicht was? Waarom wel of niet?

Beschrijf hoe een gemiddelde werkdag (of dienst) er voor jou uitziet.

Wat vind je van de dienstverlening van de overheid in jouw land?

Heb je ooit een nachtdienst gewerkt? Hoe was die ervaring?

常见问题

10 个问题

No, for the quality of service in a restaurant, use 'service' or 'bediening'. 'Dienst' refers to the work shift of the staff or an official department.

The plural is 'diensten'. For example: 'Ik heb drie diensten gedraaid deze week' (I worked three shifts this week).

'Dienst' is a 'de-word'. You say 'de dienst' and 'een goede dienst'.

You can say: 'Zou je me een dienst kunnen bewijzen?' or more simply 'Mag ik je om een dienst vragen?'.

It means the bus is 'out of service' and is not picking up passengers. It might be heading back to the depot.

It is the Dutch Tax Administration. It is the government department responsible for collecting taxes and paying out benefits.

Yes, 'kerkdienst' is the standard word for a religious service in a church.

'In dienst' means you are employed by a company. 'Uit dienst' means you have left the company or your contract has ended.

It is an idiom meaning 'to be the boss' or 'to call the shots'. It describes someone who has the power in a group.

Yes, but in Belgium, it is even more common to use 'dienst' for hospital departments where the Netherlands would use 'afdeling'.

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