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Passive Heavy Constructions in Formal Text

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Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds

Use the -s passive to remove the subject and focus on the action in formal academic or professional Norwegian writing.

  • Add -s to the infinitive for present tense: 'Det gjøres' (It is done).
  • Use 'ble' + past participle for past events: 'Det ble gjort' (It was done).
  • Avoid the -s passive in casual conversation; it sounds overly stiff or archaic.
Verb + s = Passive Action

Passive Construction Table

Tense Active Passive (-s) Example
Present
å gjøre
gjøres
Det gjøres nå.
Past
å gjøre
ble gjort
Det ble gjort i går.

Meanings

The -s passive is used to shift focus from the agent (the person doing the action) to the action itself, common in reports and formal documents.

1

Formal Objective

Expressing actions without naming the actor.

“Det antas at tallene er korrekte.”

“Søknaden sendes elektronisk.”

Reference Table

Reference table for Passive Heavy Constructions in Formal Text
Form Structure Example
Affirmative
Verb + s
Det gjøres.
Negative
Verb + s + ikke
Det gjøres ikke.
Question
Gjøres + det?
Gjøres det?
Past
Ble + Participle
Det ble gjort.
Future
Vil bli + Participle
Det vil bli gjort.
Modal
Bør + bli + Participle
Det bør bli gjort.

正式程度

正式
Rapporten skrives.

Rapporten skrives. (Work report)

中性
Man skriver rapporten.

Man skriver rapporten. (Work report)

非正式
Vi skriver rapporten.

Vi skriver rapporten. (Work report)

俚语
Rapporten blir skrevet.

Rapporten blir skrevet. (Work report)

Passive Usage Map

Passive

Usage

  • Akademisk Academic
  • Formell Formal
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按水平分级的例句

1

Det gjøres.

It is done.

2

Det sies.

It is said.

3

Det skrives.

It is written.

4

Det sees.

It is seen.

1

Søknaden sendes i dag.

The application is sent today.

2

Det antas at det regner.

It is assumed that it rains.

3

Det forventes svar.

An answer is expected.

4

Det kreves pass.

A passport is required.

1

Det besluttes at vi starter.

It is decided that we start.

2

Det anbefales å lese boken.

It is recommended to read the book.

3

Det opplyses om endringer.

Information about changes is provided.

4

Det vurderes nøye.

It is considered carefully.

1

Det konkluderes med at teorien holder.

It is concluded that the theory holds.

2

Det henvises til vedlegg.

Reference is made to the attachment.

3

Det uttrykkes bekymring.

Concern is expressed.

4

Det tilbys gratis kaffe.

Free coffee is offered.

1

Det forutsettes at alle møter opp.

It is presupposed that everyone shows up.

2

Det fremlegges bevis for saken.

Evidence for the case is presented.

3

Det etterlyses mer åpenhet.

More transparency is called for.

4

Det poengteres at tiden er knapp.

It is pointed out that time is short.

1

Det anmodes om at protokollen følges.

It is requested that the protocol be followed.

2

Det henstilles til publikum om ro.

The public is urged to remain calm.

3

Det tilskrives forfatterens stil.

It is attributed to the author's style.

4

Det betraktes som en selvfølge.

It is regarded as a matter of course.

容易混淆

Passive Heavy Constructions in Formal Text 对比 Bli-passive

Both are passive.

常见错误

✗

Jeg gjøres det.

✓

Det gjøres.

Passive removes the agent.
✗

Det sies det.

✓

Det sies.

Redundant pronoun.
✗

Det ble gjøres.

✓

Det ble gjort.

Wrong tense mix.
✗

Det soves i sengen.

✓

Man sover i sengen.

Intransitive verbs don't take -s passive.

句型

Det ___ at ___.

Real World Usage

Academic Paper constant

Det konkluderes med...

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💡

Check Transitivity

Only use -s with transitive verbs.

Smart Tips

Use -s to sound more objective.

Jeg tror at... → Det antas at...

发音

/s/

S-sound

The -s is pronounced as a soft 's'.

Flat

Det gjøres.

Objective and neutral.

记住它

记忆技巧

Add an S to the end, to make the subject your friend (or hide them entirely).

视觉联想

Imagine a shy person hiding behind a giant letter 'S' so they don't have to be the subject of the sentence.

Rhyme

When the subject is a mystery, add an S to make history.

Story

The king wanted to hide his orders. He didn't want to say 'I order', so he added an 'S' to every verb. Now the orders just 'happen' by themselves.

Word Web

gjøressiesskrivesantaskrevesforventes

挑战

Write three sentences about your daily routine using only the -s passive.

文化笔记

Used to maintain distance and objectivity.

From Old Norse middle voice.

对话开场白

“

Hva gjøres for å forbedre miljøet?

日记主题

Write a formal report about a project.

常见错误

Incorrect

正确

Incorrect

正确

Incorrect

正确

Incorrect

正确

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Test Yourself

Fill in the correct form.

Det ___ (å si) at det er sant.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: sies
Present passive.

Score: /1

练习题

1 exercises
Fill in the correct form.

Det ___ (å si) at det er sant.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: sies
Present passive.

Score: /1

常见问题 (1)

No, it sounds too formal.

Scaffolded Practice

1

1

Mastery Progress

Needs Practice

Improving

Strong

Mastered

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In Other Languages

Spanish high

Se dice

Spanish 'se' is more flexible.

German low

Man sagt

Norwegian uses a suffix.

French low

On dit

Norwegian uses a suffix.

Japanese moderate

Passive form

Japanese is agglutinative.

Arabic low

Passive voice

Norwegian uses a suffix.

Chinese low

Bei construction

Norwegian uses a suffix.

Learning Path

Prerequisites

Connected Grammar

Bli-passive

Contrast

Essential for past tense.

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