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A2 noun #6,000 最常用 11分钟阅读

amargura

前6,000

开始练习例句笔记与提示 amargura 30秒了解

解析 amargura in your Level:

At the A1 level, you should know that 'amargura' comes from 'amargo', which means 'bitter'. Think about the taste of coffee without sugar. While you might not use 'amargura' often in basic conversations, it is good to recognize it as a word for a very bad, 'bitter' feeling in the heart. It is a feminine noun, so we say 'a amargura'. You might hear it in very simple songs or stories about someone who is very, very sad. Just remember: 'amargo' is the taste, and 'amargura' is the feeling. It is a big word for a big sadness.

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For A2 learners, 'amargura' is a useful word to describe deep disappointment. You are moving beyond simple words like 'triste' (sad). If someone is treated unfairly and they feel bad for a long time, that is 'amargura'. You can use it with common verbs like 'sentir' (to feel). For example: 'Ele sente amargura' (He feels bitterness). It is also used in the plural 'amarguras' to talk about the difficult things in life. You will start to see this word in short stories or news articles about people who have had a hard life. It helps you talk about emotions more deeply.

At the B1 level, you should be able to distinguish 'amargura' from other emotional words like 'mágoa' or 'tristeza'. 'Amargura' implies a sense of resentment or a 'sour' outlook on life due to past experiences. You should start using it with adjectives to add detail, such as 'amargura profunda' (deep bitterness) or 'amargura contida' (contained bitterness). This is also the level where you might encounter it in Fado lyrics or intermediate literature. You should understand that it describes a lasting state rather than a temporary emotion. Practice using it to describe characters in books or movies who have been through a lot of trouble.

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At the B2 level, you should use 'amargura' to discuss social and cultural themes. It's not just a personal feeling; it can describe the mood of a group or a nation. You should be familiar with idiomatic expressions like 'beber o cálice da amargura' (to endure a very difficult situation). You should also be careful not to confuse it with 'amargor' (the physical taste), although 'amargura' can sometimes be used metaphorically for taste in high-level literature. At this stage, your use of the word should reflect an understanding of its weight and the seriousness it brings to a conversation. It's a key word for discussing the darker side of human experience and social injustice.

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For C1 learners, 'amargura' is a tool for nuanced psychological analysis and literary critique. You should understand its philosophical implications—how it relates to the concept of 'desassossego' or the existential fatigue found in the works of authors like Fernando Pessoa. You should be able to use it to describe subtle tones in speech or writing, such as 'um tom de amargura' (a tone of bitterness). You should also be comfortable using the plural 'amarguras' to refer to a series of life trials in a sophisticated way. Your ability to distinguish it from 'rancor', 'ressentimento', and 'acrimónia' should be precise, allowing you to describe complex human motivations with accuracy.

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At the C2 level, you possess a native-like grasp of 'amargura', including its historical and religious connotations. You understand its role in the Lusophone psyche, particularly its link to 'fado' and the 'saudade' that isn't just longing, but a bitter realization of loss. You can use the word in any register, from the most formal academic writing to the most soulful poetic expression. You recognize its use in classical religious texts (like the 'Sete Amarguras de Maria') and can employ it to evoke specific cultural responses. For you, 'amargura' is not just a word, but a spectrum of human suffering that you can navigate with complete linguistic and cultural fluency.

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开始练习例句笔记与提示

amargura 30秒了解

Amargura is a feminine noun in Portuguese that means emotional bitterness or deep resentment resulting from unfair treatment or long-term suffering.
It is distinct from 'amargor', which refers to the physical bitter taste of food or drink, though 'amargura' is occasionally used metaphorically for taste.
The word is central to Portuguese culture, especially in Fado music and literature, representing the existential weight of human struggle and fate.
Commonly used with verbs like 'sentir' (to feel) and 'causar' (to cause), it implies a lasting state rather than a temporary emotion.

The Portuguese word amargura is a profound and multi-layered noun that primarily translates to 'bitterness' in English. However, its usage in Portuguese often carries a weight that transcends the mere physical taste of something bitter, such as unsweetened cocoa or a strong espresso. In the emotional landscape of a Portuguese speaker, amargura represents a complex cocktail of resentment, deep-seated disappointment, and the lingering sorrow that follows a perceived injustice or a significant life failure. It is the emotional residue of a heart that has 'tasted' the harshness of reality.

Literal Origin: Derived from the adjective 'amargo' (bitter), which comes from the Latin 'amarus'. While it can describe the physical sensation of bitterness, in modern Portuguese, the noun 'amargor' is more commonly used for the physical taste, while 'amargura' is almost exclusively reserved for the psychological state.

When you hear a Portuguese speaker use this word, they are often referring to a state of soul. It is not a fleeting sadness like 'tristeza', nor is it a sharp, sudden pain like 'dor'. Instead, amargura is a slow-burning, enduring feeling. It is the result of years of hardship or the consequence of a betrayal that was never fully forgiven. In literature and Fado music—the soulful, melancholic musical genre of Portugal—this word is a cornerstone. It captures the essence of a life lived through struggle, reflecting the historical maritime hardships and the socio-economic challenges faced by the Lusophone world.

Ele falava com tanta amargura sobre o passado que todos ficaram em silêncio.

In this example, the word suggests that the speaker's memories are tainted with a sense of unfairness or regret that has soured their current perspective.

Social Nuance: Using this word implies a high level of intimacy or a very serious observation. You wouldn't typically use it to describe a minor inconvenience. It is reserved for 'as amarguras da vida' (the bitterness of life), encompassing poverty, lost love, or the inevitable decay of time.

A amargura da derrota ainda estava presente nos olhos dos jogadores.

This usage highlights that the disappointment of losing was so profound that it changed the very atmosphere. Furthermore, 'amargura' can be used in the plural—'amarguras'—to refer to specific instances of suffering or trials one has endured. This pluralization is common in religious or poetic contexts, suggesting a series of bitter cups one has had to drink from.

Ninguém conhece as amarguras que ela passou para criar os filhos sozinha.

Here, it emphasizes the multiple hardships and sacrifices made over a long period.

Comparative Context: Unlike 'raiva' (anger), which is explosive, 'amargura' is implosive. It is an internal state that colors one's entire worldview, often leading to cynicism or a withdrawal from joy. It is the opposite of 'doçura' (sweetness/gentleness).

Bebeu o cálice da amargura até ao fim.

This idiomatic expression (drank the cup of bitterness to the end) means to endure a painful situation completely, without any relief. Ultimately, mastering the word 'amargura' allows a learner to express deep, nuanced human emotions that are central to Lusophone culture and literature, moving beyond basic vocabulary into the realm of poetic and psychological depth.

Using amargura correctly requires an understanding of its grammatical role as a feminine noun and its typical syntactic companions. Because it describes a state of being or an abstract quality, it is frequently the subject of a sentence or the object of verbs related to feeling, expressing, or causing emotion.

Common Verbs: The most common verbs paired with 'amargura' include 'sentir' (to feel), 'demonstrar' (to show), 'causar' (to cause), and 'espalhar' (to spread). For example, 'Ele sente uma profunda amargura' (He feels a deep bitterness).

One of the most important things for an English speaker to remember is the article. Since it is feminine, it is almost always preceded by 'a' or 'uma'.

A amargura dele era visível para todos na sala.

In this sentence, the noun acts as the subject, and its gender dictates the form of the possessive 'dele' (of him/his) and the adjective 'visível' (though 'visível' is gender-neutral, if it were 'notória', it would be feminine). Adjectives used with 'amargura' typically intensify its meaning. Words like 'profunda' (deep), 'extrema' (extreme), 'infinita' (infinite), or 'contida' (contained/restrained) are frequent.

Havia uma amargura contida nas suas palavras de despedida.

This suggests that while the person was being polite, the underlying resentment was still there.

Prepositional Phrases: You will often see 'amargura' used with 'com' (with) to describe the manner in which someone acts. 'Ele sorriu com amargura' (He smiled with bitterness). It can also follow 'de' to describe the source: 'a amargura da perda' (the bitterness of loss).

Another common structure involves the verb 'deixar' (to leave). 'A experiência deixou-lhe uma grande amargura' (The experience left him with a great bitterness). This highlights the lasting impact of an event. In more poetic or formal contexts, 'amargura' can be personified. 'A amargura visitou o seu coração' (Bitterness visited his heart).

Não deixes que a amargura consuma os teus sonhos.

Here, 'amargura' is the agent of the verb 'consumir' (to consume), warning against letting negative emotions destroy one's aspirations.

Plural Usage: When used in the plural 'amarguras', it often refers to the 'trials and tribulations' of life. 'Contou-me as suas amarguras' (He told me his woes/bitter experiences).

A amargura do café era excessiva, mas a amargura da notícia foi pior.

This sentence cleverly contrasts the physical (though 'amargor' would be better for the coffee) with the emotional, emphasizing that the news was far more painful. By integrating 'amargura' into these patterns, you can convey a sophisticated range of emotions that English speakers often struggle to translate directly without using multiple words like 'resentful disappointment'.

The word amargura is not just a vocabulary item; it is a cultural artifact. To truly understand its resonance, one must look at where it appears in Lusophone life. First and foremost, you will encounter it in Fado, the traditional music of Portugal. Fado is defined by 'saudade' (longing), but 'amargura' is its constant companion. Lyrics often speak of the 'amargura de um amor perdido' (the bitterness of a lost love) or the 'amargura do destino' (the bitterness of fate). In these songs, the word is sung with a characteristic trill and emotional weight that signals a collective understanding of suffering.

Literature: Portuguese literature is steeped in this concept. From the classic 'Os Lusíadas' by Camões to the modernist works of Fernando Pessoa, 'amargura' describes the existential weight of the human condition. Pessoa often used it to describe the 'desassossego' (disquiet) and the bitter realization of the gap between dreams and reality.

In daily life, you might hear 'amargura' in serious family discussions or when someone is reflecting on their life path. It is common in news reports or political commentary when discussing social injustices or the 'amargura' of a population that feels abandoned by its leaders.

O documentário mostrava a amargura dos mineiros após o fecho da mina.

This usage highlights a collective, social bitterness born from economic hardship.

Religious Context: Portugal's Catholic heritage also plays a role. During Holy Week (Semana Santa), the 'Nossa Senhora das Amarguras' (Our Lady of Sorrows) is a central figure. Here, 'amarguras' refers specifically to the seven sorrows of Mary, linking the word to the highest form of spiritual and maternal suffering.

Na novela, a vilã agia movida pela amargura de ter sido rejeitada na juventude.

This illustrates how the word serves as a primary motivator for character actions in popular media.

Everyday Idioms: You might hear the phrase 'estar na amargura' (to be in bitterness), which colloquially means to be in a very bad situation, often financially or emotionally. 'Estou na amargura, não tenho um tostão' (I'm in a bad way, I don't have a penny).

Ele vive rodeado de amargura desde que a fábrica fechou.

This paints a picture of an environment saturated with resentment. Whether in the high art of Fado or the dramatic arcs of a TV show, 'amargura' is a vital pulse in the Portuguese language, signaling a depth of feeling that commands respect and empathy.

For English speakers, the most common pitfall when using amargura is confusing it with its close relative, amargor. While both relate to bitterness, their application is strictly divided in Portuguese.

Amargura vs. Amargor: 'Amargor' refers to the physical taste. If your coffee is too bitter, it has 'amargor'. 'Amargura' refers to the emotional state. If you say the coffee has 'amargura', you are personifying the coffee as if it were suffering from a broken heart.

Another frequent error is using 'amargura' to translate 'bitterness' in a scientific or neutral context. For example, in chemistry, one should use 'amargor' or 'carácter amargo'.

Errado: A amargura do limão é forte. Correto: O amargor do limão é forte.

This distinction is vital for sounding natural. Secondly, learners often forget that 'amargura' is a feminine noun. They might say 'um amargura' instead of 'uma amargura'. A third mistake is overusing the word for simple sadness. 'Amargura' is heavy; it implies a lasting, resentful sorrow. If you are just sad because it's raining, 'tristeza' is the correct word. Using 'amargura' for minor things can make you sound melodramatic or like a character in a 19th-century novel.

Não confunda amargura com um simples mau humor passageiro.

This means 'Don't confuse bitterness with a simple passing bad mood'.

False Cognate Risks: While not a direct false cognate, English speakers might try to use 'amargura' to mean 'harshness' in a physical sense (like a harsh light). In Portuguese, 'aspereza' or 'intensidade' would be better. 'Amargura' is strictly for the 'sourness' of the soul or taste.

Muitos alunos dizem 'amargúra' (com acento no u), mas o correto é amargura.

Lastly, be careful with the plural 'amarguras'. While it means 'hardships', learners sometimes use it to mean 'arguments' or 'fights'. It does not mean a verbal conflict; it means the suffering resulting from such life events.

Collocation Errors: Avoid saying 'fazer amargura'. Instead, use 'sentir amargura' or 'causar amargura'. You don't 'make' bitterness; you experience it or inflict it.

A traição causou uma amargura que durou anos.

By avoiding these common errors, you will use 'amargura' with the precision of a native speaker, conveying the exact emotional depth intended.

To enrich your Portuguese, it is helpful to know words that are similar to amargura but offer different shades of meaning. The Portuguese language is particularly rich in 'pain' vocabulary.

Mágoa: This is perhaps the closest synonym. However, 'mágoa' often implies a feeling of hurt or being offended by someone specific. It is more about 'sorrow' and 'hurt feelings', whereas 'amargura' is a more general, systemic state of bitterness.

Ressentimento: This word (resentment) is more active. If you feel 'ressentimento', you are actively holding a grudge. 'Amargura' is the state that results from long-term resentment.

O ressentimento é o veneno, a amargura é o sabor que fica.

This poetic distinction helps separate the active feeling from the lasting state.

Rancor: 'Rancor' is a deep, intense, and often aggressive ill-will. It is sharper than 'amargura'. While 'amargura' can be quiet and weary, 'rancor' is often angry and vengeful.

Ela não guarda rancor, mas a sua amargura é evidente.

This means she doesn't want revenge, but she is still deeply unhappy and disillusioned.

Desgosto: Literally 'distaste', this word is used for deep disappointment or grief. 'Morrer de desgosto' is a common idiom meaning to die of a broken heart or extreme disappointment. It is more situational than the general state of 'amargura'.

O debate foi marcado por uma acrimónia desnecessária.

Lastly, consider 'aflição' (affliction/distress) for more immediate suffering, or 'melancolia' (melancholy) for a more poetic, less resentful type of sadness. Understanding these alternatives allows you to choose the exact 'flavor' of sadness you wish to describe, making your Portuguese much more expressive and precise.

How Formal Is It?

趣味小知识

The word 'amargura' has been used in Portuguese since at least the 13th century, appearing in some of the earliest poetic texts of the language.

发音指南

UK /ɐ.mɐɾ.ˈɡu.ɾɐ/

US /a.maɾ.ˈɡu.ɾa/

The stress is on the penultimate (second to last) syllable: 'gu'.

押韵词

ternura fartura doçura cura figura leitura pintura loucura

常见错误

Stressing the final 'a' like 'amargurá'.
Stressing the 'u' too much like an English 'u' in 'pure'.
Pronouncing the 'r' like a French or German guttural 'r'.
Making the first 'a' too open like in 'father'.
Pronouncing 'gu' as 'gwa'.

难度评级

阅读 2/5

Easy to recognize in texts due to its similarity to the English concept of bitterness.

写作 3/5

Requires care to use the correct gender and distinguish from 'amargor'.

口语 3/5

The pronunciation of the 'r' and 'gu' requires practice for English speakers.

听力 2/5

Distinctive sound makes it relatively easy to catch in speech or songs.

接下来学什么

前置知识

amargo triste sentir vida coração

接下来学习

mágoa ressentimento rancor desgosto saudade

高级

acrimónia desassossego sublimação fatalismo estóico

需要掌握的语法

Gender of Abstract Nouns

Nouns ending in '-ura' are almost always feminine (a doçura, a amargura, a ternura).

Use of 'de' to indicate source

A amargura DA perda (The bitterness OF the loss).

Pluralization for emphasis

Using 'amarguras' to imply a series of events rather than a single state.

Adjective Agreement

A amargurA profundA (The deep bitterness - feminine agreement).

Verbs of Emotion with Direct Objects

Ele sente amargura (No preposition needed after sentir).

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按水平分级的例句

O café sem açúcar tem um gosto de amargura.

The coffee without sugar has a taste of bitterness.

Using 'amargura' here is metaphorical for 'bitter taste'.

Ela sente uma grande amargura hoje.

She feels a great bitterness today.

Feminine noun 'a amargura'.

A amargura é um sentimento muito triste.

Bitterness is a very sad feeling.

Subject of the sentence.

Não gosto da amargura no seu rosto.

I don't like the bitterness on your face.

Direct object of 'gostar de'.

O livro fala sobre a amargura da vida.

The book speaks about the bitterness of life.

Prepositional phrase 'da vida'.

Ele chorou com muita amargura.

He cried with much bitterness.

Adverbial use with 'com'.

A amargura não é boa para o coração.

Bitterness is not good for the heart.

Simple statement.

Sinto amargura quando perco o jogo.

I feel bitterness when I lose the game.

Present tense 'sinto'.

Depois da discussão, ficou uma amargura no ar.

After the argument, a bitterness remained in the air.

Metaphorical presence.

Ele contou as amarguras do seu passado.

He told the bitternesses (hardships) of his past.

Plural 'amarguras' meaning hardships.

A amargura da derrota foi difícil de aceitar.

The bitterness of the defeat was hard to accept.

Noun phrase as subject.

Ela escreveu uma carta cheia de amargura.

She wrote a letter full of bitterness.

Adjective 'cheia de' modifying 'carta'.

A amargura dele vem de muitos anos de trabalho duro.

His bitterness comes from many years of hard work.

Possessive 'dele'.

Não deixes que a amargura mude quem tu és.

Don't let bitterness change who you are.

Imperative negative.

Havia uma certa amargura nas suas palavras.

There was a certain bitterness in his/her words.

Indefinite article 'uma certa'.

Eles vivem na amargura desde que perderam a casa.

They have lived in bitterness since they lost their house.

Fixed expression 'viver na amargura'.

A amargura é frequentemente o resultado de uma injustiça não resolvida.

Bitterness is often the result of an unresolved injustice.

Complex sentence structure.

Apesar do sucesso, ele ainda guardava uma profunda amargura.

Despite the success, he still held a deep bitterness.

Concessive clause with 'Apesar de'.

As amarguras da guerra marcaram aquela geração para sempre.

The hardships of the war marked that generation forever.

Plural noun as subject.

Ela sorriu, mas o seu sorriso estava manchado de amargura.

She smiled, but her smile was stained with bitterness.

Participle 'manchado' as adjective.

O fado canta a amargura de quem ama e não é correspondido.

Fado sings the bitterness of those who love and are not loved back.

Relative clause 'de quem'.

É preciso perdoar para não vivermos na amargura.

It is necessary to forgive so we don't live in bitterness.

Personal infinitive 'vivermos'.

A amargura que ele sente é visível no seu olhar cansado.

The bitterness he feels is visible in his tired gaze.

Relative pronoun 'que'.

Muitas vezes, a amargura esconde uma grande mágoa.

Often, bitterness hides a great hurt.

Verb 'esconder' (to hide).

A amargura da população perante a crise económica era palpável.

The population's bitterness towards the economic crisis was palpable.

Abstract noun in a social context.

O autor descreve com mestria a amargura da decadência aristocrática.

The author masterfully describes the bitterness of aristocratic decadence.

Adverbial phrase 'com mestria'.

Bebeu o cálice da amargura sem nunca se queixar do seu destino.

He drank the cup of bitterness without ever complaining about his fate.

Idiomatic expression.

A amargura pode tornar-se um veneno que consome a alma.

Bitterness can become a poison that consumes the soul.

Reflexive verb 'tornar-se'.

Nas suas memórias, as amarguras superam os momentos de felicidade.

In his memoirs, the hardships outweigh the moments of happiness.

Verb 'superar' (to outweigh/overcome).

O seu discurso estava impregnado de uma amargura corrosiva.

His speech was impregnated with a corrosive bitterness.

Adjective 'impregnado' with 'de'.

Não há amargura maior do que ser traído por um amigo próximo.

There is no greater bitterness than being betrayed by a close friend.

Comparative 'maior do que'.

A amargura destas palavras revela um coração profundamente ferido.

The bitterness of these words reveals a deeply wounded heart.

Demonstrative 'destas'.

A amargura existencial permeia toda a obra poética de Fernando Pessoa.

Existential bitterness permeates the entire poetic work of Fernando Pessoa.

Academic/literary register.

Subjacente à sua cortesia, percebia-se uma amargura de anos de silêncio.

Underlying his courtesy, one could perceive a bitterness from years of silence.

Inverted sentence structure.

A amargura é o sedimento que fica quando as ilusões se dissipam.

Bitterness is the sediment that remains when illusions dissipate.

Metaphorical noun 'sedimento'.

Ela transformou a sua amargura em arte, criando quadros de uma beleza sombria.

She transformed her bitterness into art, creating paintings of a dark beauty.

Verb 'transformar em'.

O cinismo é, muitas vezes, apenas uma máscara para a amargura.

Cynicism is often just a mask for bitterness.

Philosophical observation.

A amargura daquelas gentes advinha de séculos de negligência estatal.

The bitterness of those people came from centuries of state neglect.

Verb 'advir' (to come from/result from).

Há uma amargura inerente à condição humana que poucos ousam encarar.

There is a bitterness inherent to the human condition that few dare to face.

Adjective 'inerente'.

O seu riso tinha um travo de amargura que gelava quem o ouvia.

His laughter had a hint of bitterness that chilled those who heard it.

Noun 'travo' (aftertaste/hint).

A acrimónia do debate político apenas serviu para exacerbar a amargura social.

The acrimony of the political debate only served to exacerbate social bitterness.

High-level vocabulary integration.

Nas entrelinhas do texto, divisa-se uma amargura lancinante e irremediável.

Between the lines of the text, one discerns a piercing and irremediable bitterness.

Advanced verbs like 'divisar'.

O fado, na sua essência, é a sublimação da amargura através da voz.

Fado, in its essence, is the sublimation of bitterness through the voice.

Abstract philosophical definition.

A amargura que o devorava era fruto de uma vida de renúncias forçadas.

The bitterness that devoured him was the fruit of a life of forced renunciations.

Metaphorical use of 'devorar'.

Não confundamos o amargor do fel com a amargura do espírito.

Let us not confuse the bitterness of gall with the bitterness of the spirit.

Subjunctive for suggestion/imperative.

O crepúsculo da sua existência foi ensombrado por uma amargura tardia.

The twilight of his existence was overshadowed by a late bitterness.

Poetic metaphors for old age.

A amargura das suas palavras ressoava como um eco num abismo.

The bitterness of his words resonated like an echo in an abyss.

Simile with 'como'.

A história é amiúde escrita com a amargura dos vencidos.

History is often written with the bitterness of the defeated.

Adverb 'amiúde' (often).

近义词

mágoa ressentimento rancor desgosto acrimónia aflição tristeza azedume

反义词

doçura alegria contentamento felicidade

常见搭配

profunda amargura

sentir amargura

causar amargura

cheio de amargura

amargura da derrota

tom de amargura

esconder a amargura

amargura da perda

viver na amargura

dose de amargura

常用短语

Que amargura!

— An exclamation used when something very disappointing or sad happens.

Perdemos o voo. Que amargura!

Engolir a amargura

— To suppress one's feelings of bitterness or disappointment.

Tive de engolir a amargura e continuar a trabalhar.

Amargura de espírito

— A state of deep internal sadness or resentment.

Ele sofria de uma amargura de espírito constante.

As amarguras da vida

— The various hardships and sufferings one faces in life.

Ele já passou por todas as amarguras da vida.

Deixar um rasto de amargura

— To leave behind a feeling of resentment or sadness.

A sua partida deixou um rasto de amargura na família.

Afogar a amargura

— To try to forget or suppress bitterness, often through alcohol or distractions.

Ele tentava afogar a amargura no álcool.

Fruto da amargura

— Something that results from a state of bitterness.

Aquelas palavras duras foram fruto da amargura.

Sem ponta de amargura

— Without any trace of bitterness.

Aceitou a decisão sem ponta de amargura.

Alimentar a amargura

— To keep feeling and growing one's resentment.

Não deves alimentar a amargura no teu coração.

Cura para a amargura

— Something that resolves or heals the feeling of bitterness.

O tempo é a única cura para a amargura.

容易混淆的词

amargura vs amargor

Amargor is for taste; amargura is for emotion.

amargura vs tristeza

Tristeza is general sadness; amargura is resentful and deep.

amargura vs mágoa

Mágoa is more about being hurt by someone; amargura is more about a bitter outlook.

习语与表达

"Beber o cálice da amargura"

— To go through a very painful or humiliating experience to the very end.

Ele teve de beber o cálice da amargura até à última gota.

literary/religious

"Estar na amargura"

— To be in a very difficult situation, especially financially.

Desde que faliu, ele está na amargura.

informal

"Amarguras de burro"

— A humorous or dismissive way to refer to someone's complaints or minor woes.

Lá vem ele com as suas amarguras de burro.

slang/informal

"Pôr amargura em tudo"

— To have a negative or resentful perspective on everything.

Ela põe amargura em tudo o que diz.

neutral

"Sabor de amargura"

— A metaphorical way to describe a disappointing result.

A vitória teve um sabor de amargura devido à lesão do capitão.

neutral

"Vender amargura"

— To complain constantly to others about one's problems.

Ele passa o dia a vender amargura a quem o ouve.

informal

"Amargura de fel"

— Extreme, intense bitterness (fel means gall/bile).

As suas críticas eram de uma amargura de fel.

literary

"Caminho de amargura"

— A life path full of suffering and trials.

A sua vida foi um longo caminho de amargura.

poetic

"Rir com amargura"

— To laugh in a cynical or pained way.

Ele riu com amargura ao ouvir a desculpa esfarrapada.

neutral

"Amargura doce"

— An oxymoron describing a sadness that has some beauty or nostalgia.

Havia uma amargura doce nas canções da sua terra.

poetic

容易混淆

amargura vs Amargoso

It is an adjective related to bitterness.

Amargoso describes something that causes bitterness (like a plant), while amargura is the noun for the feeling itself.

Este remédio é amargoso e deixa uma amargura na boca.

amargura vs Amargurado

It is the past participle used as an adjective.

Amargura is the noun (bitterness); amargurado is the state of the person (embittered).

Ele é um homem amargurado pela vida.

amargura vs Azedume

Both refer to negative moods.

Azedume is more about being 'sour' or irritable in the moment; amargura is a deeper, more permanent sorrow.

O seu azedume matinal passa depois do café, mas a sua amargura é constante.

amargura vs Desgosto

Both involve deep sadness.

Desgosto is usually tied to a specific disappointing event; amargura is a general state of being.

O desgosto de perder o emprego transformou-se em amargura.

amargura vs Rancor

Both involve resentment.

Rancor is more aggressive and focused on revenge; amargura is more weary and internal.

Ele não sente rancor pelo inimigo, apenas a amargura de ter sido traído.

句型

Eu sinto [amargura].

Eu sinto amargura.

A amargura de [pessoa].

A amargura de Maria.

Havia uma [adjetivo] amargura em [lugar].

Havia uma profunda amargura em casa.

[Evento] deixou uma amargura em [pessoa].

A derrota deixou uma amargura nele.

Ele falou com [amargura].

Ele falou com amargura.

Não deixes que a amargura [verbo].

Não deixes que a amargura te vença.

Um travo de amargura no [substantivo].

Um travo de amargura no seu riso.

A amargura inerente a [conceito].

A amargura inerente à vida.

词族

名词

amargor

amargura

amargamento

动词

amargar

amargurar

形容词

amargo

amargurado

如何使用

frequency

High in literature and emotional contexts; moderate in daily speech.

常见错误

Using 'amargura' for bitter chocolate. → O chocolate é amargo / Tem amargor.
'Amargura' is for emotions. For food, use the adjective 'amargo' or the noun 'amargor'.
Saying 'O amargura'. → A amargura.
The word is feminine. All nouns ending in '-ura' in this category are feminine.
Confusing 'amargura' with 'raiva'. → Ele sente amargura (He feels bitterness).
'Raiva' is explosive anger. 'Amargura' is a long-term, quiet resentment.
Pronouncing it 'amargurá'. → amargura (stress on 'gu').
Do not put the stress on the last syllable; there is no accent mark.
Using 'amarguras' to mean 'fights'. → Tivemos uma discussão.
'Amarguras' means hardships or woes, not verbal arguments.

小贴士

Fado and Amargura

If you want to understand 'amargura', listen to Fado. The singers (fadistas) use their voices to convey a bitterness that is both painful and cathartic.

Watch the Ending

Words ending in '-ura' are feminine. This is a great rule of thumb for Portuguese learners. 'A amargura', 'a doçura', 'a fartura'.

Amargura vs. Amargor

Always remember: Tongue = Amargor. Soul = Amargura. Using the wrong one is a very common mistake for beginners.

Don't be too dramatic

Avoid using 'amargura' for small things. If you lost your keys, you are 'chateado' (annoyed), not full of 'amargura'.

The Stress Rule

Portuguese words ending in 'a' without an accent are usually stressed on the second to last syllable. A-mar-GU-ra.

Adjective Power

Pair 'amargura' with 'profunda' to sound more like a native speaker when describing intense feelings.

Song Lyrics

Look for the word in the lyrics of 'Amália Rodrigues'. It will help you associate the sound with the emotion.

Empathy

When someone uses the word 'amargura' about their life, it's a sign they are sharing something very deep. Listen with empathy.

Latin Roots

Knowing it comes from 'amarus' helps you link it to English words like 'amarity' (though rare) and the general concept of bitterness.

The Sea Mnemonic

Use the 'Mar' (sea) in 'Amargura' to remember the bitter life of old Portuguese sailors.

记住它

记忆技巧

Think of 'Amargura' as 'A-Mar-Gura'. 'Mar' means sea in Portuguese. Imagine a sailor lost at sea (mar) for years, feeling 'bitter' about his fate.

视觉联想

Imagine a person drinking a cup of dark, bitter medicine with a face full of resentment and sadness.

Word Web

Amargo (Adjective) Sentimento (Feeling) Tristeza (Sadness) Ressentimento (Resentment) Coração (Heart) Vida (Life) Fado (Fate) Injustiça (Injustice)

挑战

Try to write three sentences using 'amargura' to describe the villain in your favorite movie or book.

词源

From the Latin 'amaritudo', which comes from 'amarus' (bitter). It evolved through Vulgar Latin into the Portuguese 'amargura'.

原始含义： The physical state of being bitter or having a bitter taste.

Romance (Indo-European)

文化背景

This is a heavy word. Use it carefully in social situations, as it implies a very serious level of suffering or resentment.

In English, we often use 'bitterness' for both taste and emotion. Portuguese speakers are much stricter about using 'amargura' only for the emotional side.

The poem 'Amargura' by various Portuguese poets. The song 'Amargura' by famous Fado singers like Amália Rodrigues. The religious feast of 'Nossa Senhora das Amarguras'.

在生活中练习

真实语境

Personal relationships

Amargura da separação
Sentir amargura
Sem amargura
Causar amargura

Professional life

Amargura da demissão
Trabalhar com amargura
Deixar amargura
Amargura do fracasso

Literature and Art

Tom de amargura
Expressar amargura
Retratar a amargura
Poesia da amargura

Social/Political

Amargura social
Amargura da população
Vozes de amargura
Clima de amargura

Religion

对话开场白

"Já sentiste alguma amargura por causa de uma injustiça no trabalho?"

"Achas que a amargura pode ser transformada em algo positivo, como arte?"

"Como é que as pessoas no teu país lidam com as amarguras da vida?"

"Qual é a diferença, para ti, entre tristeza e amargura?"

"Conheces alguma canção ou poema que fale sobre a amargura?"

日记主题

Escreve sobre um momento em que sentiste amargura e como conseguiste ultrapassar esse sentimento.

Descreve um personagem literário que seja movido pela amargura. Quais são as suas motivações?

Reflete sobre a expressão 'beber o cálice da amargura'. Já tiveste de o fazer?

Como é que a sociedade pode ajudar a diminuir a amargura das populações mais pobres?

A amargura é um sentimento inevitável ou podemos escolher não a sentir?

常见问题

10 个问题

Technically, 'amargor' is the correct word for the physical taste. However, in poetic or very descriptive language, you might hear 'amargura' used metaphorically to describe a very unpleasant bitter taste, but it's better to stick to 'amargor' for clarity.

'Mágoa' is usually a feeling of hurt or sorrow caused by a specific person or event (like a broken heart). 'Amargura' is a broader, more resentful state of mind where life itself feels bitter and unfair.

Yes, it is used in Brazil, especially in literature, songs (Samba can be very bitter too!), and dramatic contexts like soap operas. The meaning and usage are identical to Portugal.

You would say 'Estou amargurado' (if you are male) or 'Estou amargurada' (if you are female). If you want to use the noun, you say 'Sinto amargura'.

Yes, it describes a negative emotional state. However, in art and music, expressing 'amargura' is seen as a profound and beautiful way to connect with the human experience.

It is an informal expression meaning to be in a very bad situation, often because you have no money or everything is going wrong in your life.

Yes, 'as amarguras' is very common and refers to the various hardships or trials a person has gone through in their life.

Yes, 'amargurar' means to make something bitter or to cause someone to feel bitterness. 'Amargar' is more common for the taste or for experiencing a bitter result.

They are often found together in Portuguese culture. While 'saudade' is a nostalgic longing (which can be sweet), 'amargura' is the sharp, resentful pain that sometimes accompanies the realization of loss.

It is a title for the Virgin Mary (Our Lady of Sorrows), representing her suffering during the life and death of Jesus. It is a very important figure in Portuguese religious traditions.

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