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B2 verb 9分钟阅读

варьироваться

例句 варьироваться 30秒了解
解析 варьироваться in your Level:
At the A1 level, you don't really need to use the word 'варьироваться'. It is quite long and difficult to pronounce. However, you might see it on price tags or signs in Russia. For example, a sign might say 'Цены варьируются' (Prices vary). At this stage, it is enough to know that this word means things are not always the same. If you are shopping and see this word, it means the price might be different depending on the size or weight of the item. You can think of it as a synonym for 'разные' (different). Instead of saying 'варьироваться', you can just say 'Цены разные' or 'Погода разная'. This is much easier for beginners. But if you see 'варьироваться', don't be afraid! It just means there is variety. It is like the English word 'variety'. Learning to recognize this word early will help you understand menus and advertisements when you travel to Russia. Just remember: it's about things being different in different situations.
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At the A2 level, you can start recognizing 'варьироваться' in simple texts about weather or travel. You might read 'Температура варьируется от 20 до 25 градусов' (The temperature varies from 20 to 25 degrees). This is a very common way to use the word. You should notice the pattern 'от... до...' (from... to...). This is very useful for talking about ranges. You can use it to describe your daily routine: 'Мой рабочий день варьируется' (My workday varies). It means some days you work more, and some days you work less. It is a more 'grown-up' way to speak than just saying 'sometimes I work a lot'. You should also begin to notice the reflexive ending -ся. This ending tells us that the word describes the state of the subject, not an action done to something else. Practice saying the word slowly: варь-и-ро-вать-ся. It has five syllables, which can be a challenge, but it sounds very impressive when you get it right! Even if you don't use it every day, knowing it will help you understand more complex Russian sentences.
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At the B1 level, you should be able to use 'варьироваться' in your own speech and writing, especially when discussing topics like the economy, health, or social issues. You should understand that it is more formal than 'меняться' (to change). At this level, you can start using the construction 'в зависимости от' (depending on) with this verb. For example: 'Стоимость билетов варьируется в зависимости от времени покупки' (The cost of tickets varies depending on the time of purchase). This is a very natural and useful sentence. You should also be comfortable using it in the past tense: 'Цены варьировались' (Prices varied). This word is very common in B1-level reading passages, especially those from newspapers or textbooks. It helps you express the idea of diversity without repeating the word 'разный' (different) too many times. Using 'варьироваться' shows that you are moving beyond basic vocabulary and are starting to use more precise, academic terms. It is also a great word for describing data or statistics in a presentation.
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At the B2 level, 'варьироваться' should be a regular part of your vocabulary. You are expected to use it correctly with various prepositions and cases. You should understand the nuance between 'варьироваться' and its synonyms like 'колебаться' or 'различаться'. For instance, you know that 'колебаться' is better for unstable fluctuations, while 'варьироваться' is better for a range of options. You can use it to describe complex abstract ideas: 'Уровень поддержки реформ варьируется в разных слоях общества' (The level of support for reforms varies across different layers of society). At this level, you should also be able to use it with adverbs like 'значительно' (significantly) or 'незначительно' (insignificantly) to add more detail to your descriptions. You should also be comfortable with the conjugation in all tenses and moods. This word is essential for the TRKI-2 (B2) exam, where you might need to analyze graphs or discuss social trends. It allows you to speak with the precision required for professional and academic success in a Russian-speaking environment.
At the C1 level, you should have a sophisticated command of 'варьироваться', using it to convey subtle shades of meaning in formal and professional contexts. You can use it in complex sentence structures, such as 'Степень выраженности симптомов может варьироваться от едва заметной до критической' (The degree of symptom severity can vary from barely noticeable to critical). You should also be aware of its usage in specialized fields like law, science, or literature. At this level, you might use it to discuss the variability of linguistic features or the range of interpretations of a text. You understand that 'варьироваться' can sometimes imply a certain level of unpredictability or a lack of a fixed standard. You are also able to use the noun form 'вариативность' (variability) and the active verb 'варьировать' (to vary something) with ease, choosing the most appropriate form for the context. Your use of this word should feel natural and effortless, contributing to a high-register, eloquent speaking style. You can also identify when the word is being used ironically or in a slightly less formal way to add emphasis to a description of diversity.
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At the C2 level, your understanding of 'варьироваться' is near-native. You recognize all its semantic nuances, including its use in highly technical or philosophical discourse. You can use it to describe the most subtle fluctuations in data, theory, or artistic expression. For example, you might discuss how 'семантическое поле слова может варьироваться в зависимости от культурного контекста' (the semantic field of a word can vary depending on the cultural context). You are comfortable using it in any grammatical construction, including participial and gerund phrases ('варьирующийся', 'варьируясь'). You also understand the historical development of the word and its relationship to other loanwords in Russian. At this level, you can use 'варьироваться' to create precise, elegant, and persuasive arguments in both writing and speech. You can also spot when the word is used incorrectly or awkwardly by others, and you can suggest more appropriate alternatives. This word is no longer just a vocabulary item for you; it is a precision tool that you use to navigate the most complex and nuanced areas of the Russian language.
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例句

варьироваться 30秒了解

  • Vary or range within limits.
  • Common in formal and technical contexts.
  • Used with 'от... до...' (from... to...).
  • Used with 'в зависимости от' (depending on).

The Russian verb варьироваться is a sophisticated, academic, and highly versatile term used to describe the state of being diverse, changing, or fluctuating within certain parameters. At its core, it is the reflexive form of the verb варьировать (to vary something), but while the active form implies an agent making changes, the reflexive варьироваться focuses on the inherent variability of the subject itself. It is the linguistic equivalent of the English 'to range' or 'to vary.' When you use this word, you are signaling a shift from simple descriptions to a more nuanced observation of diversity and change. It is most commonly encountered in professional, scientific, and journalistic contexts, though it is perfectly appropriate in daily speech when discussing things like prices, weather patterns, or opinions.

Grammatical Essence
It is an imperfective verb, meaning it describes an ongoing state or a general characteristic rather than a completed action. Because it ends in -ся, it functions intransitively, meaning it doesn't take a direct object in the accusative case.

Стоимость проживания в этом отеле может варьироваться в зависимости от сезона и дня недели.

In the sentence above, the word highlights that the price is not fixed; it is fluid and subject to external factors. This is the primary 'vibe' of the word: fluidity within a range. Unlike the word меняться (to change), which can imply a permanent transformation (like a person changing their mind), варьироваться usually implies a spectrum of existing possibilities. If you say something varies, you are often expected to provide the range, typically using the prepositions 'от' (from) and 'до' (to).

Contextual Usage
You will find this word in statistical reports (data varies), menus (dishes vary by day), and academic papers (results vary across groups). It adds a layer of precision that simpler verbs lack.

Мнения экспертов по этому вопросу сильно варьируются, что затрудняет принятие окончательного решения.

The word is loanword-adjacent, sharing its root with 'variation' and 'variety' in English, which makes it relatively easy for English speakers to memorize. However, the pronunciation with the 'рь' (soft R) and the '-ироваться' suffix requires some practice to master the flow. In modern Russian, it is increasingly popular because it sounds more objective and professional than 'быть разными' (to be different).

Температура воды в озере может варьироваться от пятнадцати до двадцати пяти градусов.

Semantic Range
It covers everything from physical measurements to abstract concepts like 'moods' or 'styles'. If there is a scale or a list of options, this is your go-to verb.

Длина текста должна варьироваться в пределах трёхсот слов.

Цветовая гамма может варьироваться от пастельных тонов до ярких красок.

Using варьироваться correctly involves understanding its relationship with prepositions and the cases they trigger. Since this verb describes a range or a dependence, it is almost always followed by clarifying phrases. The most common construction is 'варьироваться от [Genitive] до [Genitive]', which translates to 'to vary from... to...'. For example, if you are talking about prices (цены), you would say 'цены варьируются от ста до двухсот рублей'. Note how the numbers change to reflect the genitive case.

The 'Dependence' Pattern
Another essential pattern is 'варьироваться в зависимости от [Genitive]'. This means 'to vary depending on'. This is used to explain the cause of the variation. 'Результаты варьируются в зависимости от метода исследования' (Results vary depending on the research method).

Сложность заданий будет варьироваться в зависимости от уровня подготовки студентов.

You can also use the preposition 'в пределах' (within the limits of) followed by the genitive case. This defines the boundaries of the variation. For instance, 'Вес посылки может варьироваться в пределах пяти килограммов'. This implies that the weight doesn't just change, but it stays within a specific five-kilogram window. This level of precision is why the word is so popular in technical documentation.

Plural vs. Singular
Most often, the subject is plural (цены, мнения, условия), because variation usually implies multiple instances. However, a singular abstract noun can also vary over time: 'Настроение пациента варьировалось в течение дня'.

Качество продукции может варьироваться от партии к партии.

The phrase 'от партии к партии' (from batch to batch) or 'от случая к случаю' (from case to case) is a great idiomatic way to show variation over discrete intervals. In more formal writing, you might see 'варьироваться по [Dative]', which means 'to vary in terms of'. For example: 'Эти модели варьируются по мощности и размеру' (These models vary in power and size). This allows you to list the specific attributes that are different without necessarily giving the range.

Цены на авиабилеты значительно варьируются в праздничные дни.

Adverbial Modification
Common adverbs used with this verb include 'значительно' (significantly), 'незначительно' (insignificantly), 'широко' (widely), and 'постоянно' (constantly). These help quantify the extent of the variation.

Глубина реки в этом месте может варьироваться от двух до четырёх метров.

Подходы к лечению этого заболевания могут варьироваться в разных странах.

In the modern Russian linguistic landscape, варьироваться is a staple of the 'business and science' registers. If you turn on a Russian news channel like RBC or read an article in Kommersant, you will hear it almost every time they discuss the economy. Analysts love this word because it sounds more precise than saying things are just 'different'. You'll hear phrases like 'Курс валют варьируется в узком диапазоне' (The exchange rate varies in a narrow range). It conveys a sense of controlled fluctuation that is essential for financial reporting.

Educational Environments
In universities and schools, teachers use it to describe grading scales or the difficulty of exams. 'Проходной балл может варьироваться из года в год' (The passing score may vary from year to year). It's a key word for anyone planning to study in Russia.

Время доставки варьируется в зависимости от вашего местоположения.

In the world of technology and software, you'll see this word in settings and documentation. For example, a photo editing app might say 'Интенсивность фильтра может варьироваться пользователем' (The filter intensity can be varied by the user). It's also common in the gaming community when discussing 'loot drops' or 'character stats'—the idea that something isn't fixed but is generated within a range. If you're reading a recipe, you might find that the amount of spice 'может варьироваться по вкусу' (can vary to taste).

Marketing and Sales
Salespeople use it to manage expectations. By saying a price 'варьируется', they avoid committing to a single number before knowing the customer's specific needs. It's a polite way to say 'it depends'.

Скидки на наши услуги варьируются от пяти до двадцати процентов.

Interestingly, you might also hear it in social settings when talking about fashion or art. 'Стиль её одежды варьируется от строгого офисного до богемного'. Here, it adds a touch of sophistication to the description, suggesting the person has a wide and intentional range of expression. Even in casual conversation, using this word makes the speaker sound well-educated and articulate. It is a word of the intelligentsia that has successfully migrated into the mainstream vocabulary of the 21st century.

Продолжительность сеанса может варьироваться в зависимости от сложности процедуры.

Темы для обсуждения на форуме постоянно варьируются.

The most frequent mistake learners make with варьироваться is confusing it with the non-reflexive варьировать. Remember: варьировать is something YOU do to something else (e.g., 'Вы должны варьировать темп речи' - You must vary the pace of speech). Варьироваться is something that happens or exists as a state of the subject itself (e.g., 'Темп речи варьируется' - The pace of speech varies). Using the wrong one can make your sentence sound grammatically incomplete or logically 'backward'.

Case Errors
When using the 'от... до...' construction, learners often forget to put the numbers or nouns in the genitive case. 'От сто до двести' is wrong; it must be 'от ста до двухсот'. Numbers in Russian are notoriously difficult, and this verb forces you to use them in complex cases.

Incorrect: Цена варьируется в зависимости ситуацию.
Correct: Цена варьируется в зависимости от ситуации.

Another mistake is overusing the word where a simpler verb like меняться (to change) or различаться (to differ) would be more natural. Варьироваться implies a range. If something just changes once, don't use it. For example, if you changed your clothes, you wouldn't say your clothes 'варьировались'. You would say 'я переоделся'. Use варьироваться only when discussing a spectrum of possibilities or a recurring fluctuation.

Confusion with 'Колебаться'
While they are synonyms, 'колебаться' is often used for physical shaking or mental hesitation. If you say 'цены колеблются', it sounds like they are unstable or jumping up and down rapidly. 'Цены варьируются' sounds more like they are different across different stores or regions.

Incorrect: Моё мнение варьировалось вчера.
Correct: Моё мнение изменилось вчера. (Unless your opinion was going back and forth on a scale).

Finally, ensure you don't use it with a direct object. 'Программа варьирует цены' is correct (The program varies the prices), but 'Программа варьируется цены' is a major grammatical error because the -ся suffix makes the verb intransitive. The prices should be the subject: 'Цены варьируются программой'. However, the latter is passive and less common than simply 'Цены варьируются'.

Результаты теста могут варьироваться из-за внешних факторов.

Размер шрифта может варьироваться в настройках пользователя.

To truly master варьироваться, you need to know its neighbors in the Russian synonym forest. While it is the most formal and 'scientific' way to express variation, other words might be more appropriate depending on your intended nuance. The most common alternative is различаться (to differ). While варьироваться focuses on the range, различаться focuses on the fact that two or more things are not the same. For example, 'Наши вкусы различаются' (Our tastes differ) is more common than 'Наши вкусы варьируются'.

Варьироваться vs. Колебаться
'Колебаться' specifically implies fluctuation or hesitation. Use it for stock prices, temperatures that go up and down, or a person who can't decide. 'Варьироваться' is broader and can describe a static set of diverse options.
Варьироваться vs. Меняться
'Меняться' is the general word for 'to change'. It is less precise. If a price changes from $10 to $12, it 'поменялась'. If prices in different shops range from $10 to $12, they 'варьируются'.

Цены на рынке постоянно колеблются, но в среднем они варьируются от ста до ста пятидесяти рублей.

Another interesting alternative is разниться. This is a slightly more literary or old-fashioned way to say 'to differ'. It is often used with 'в цене' or 'в показаниях'. Then there is видоизменяться (to undergo modification), which is much more specific to physical or structural changes. If a virus mutates, it 'видоизменяется'. If the symptoms of the virus are different in different patients, they 'варьируются'.

Summary of Nuances
- Варьироваться: Mathematical range, diversity of options.
- Различаться: Distinctness, lack of similarity.
- Колебаться: Unstable movement, hesitation.
- Меняться: Transformation, general change.

Показатели влажности могут варьироваться в разных частях здания.

Мнения критиков разнятся, но большинство признаёт фильм шедевром.

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按水平分级的例句

1

Цены здесь могут варьироваться.

Prices here can vary.

Simple present tense plural.

2

Погода всегда варьируется.

The weather always varies.

Adverb 'всегда' + verb.

3

Цвет может варьироваться.

The color can vary.

Modal 'может' + infinitive.

4

Размер варьируется от S до L.

The size varies from S to L.

Using 'от... до...' with letters.

5

Меню варьируется каждый день.

The menu varies every day.

Accusative of time 'каждый день'.

6

Вкусы варьируются.

Tastes vary.

Simple plural subject.

7

Цена варьируется от веса.

The price varies by weight.

Shortened 'в зависимости от' context.

8

Стиль варьируется.

The style varies.

Simple singular subject.

1

Температура варьируется от 10 до 20 градусов.

The temperature varies from 10 to 20 degrees.

Genitive case for numbers.

2

Время работы может варьироваться в праздники.

Opening hours may vary during holidays.

Prepositional 'в праздники'.

3

Длина пути варьируется от 5 до 10 километров.

The length of the path varies from 5 to 10 kilometers.

Genitive plural 'километров'.

4

Настроение варьируется в течение дня.

The mood varies throughout the day.

Genitive 'в течение дня'.

5

Качество может варьироваться от магазина к магазину.

Quality may vary from shop to shop.

Idiomatic 'от... к...' construction.

6

Скидка варьируется в зависимости от карты.

The discount varies depending on the card.

Genitive 'в зависимости от'.

7

Глубина варьируется в разных местах.

The depth varies in different places.

Prepositional plural 'в местах'.

8

Количество гостей может варьироваться.

The number of guests may vary.

Subject 'Количество' is singular.

1

Результаты варьируются в зависимости от метода.

Results vary depending on the method.

Scientific/Academic context.

2

Мнения по этому вопросу сильно варьируются.

Opinions on this matter vary significantly.

Adverb 'сильно' modifying the verb.

3

Условия контракта могут варьироваться.

Contract terms may vary.

Plural subject 'Условия'.

4

Вес плодов варьируется от 100 до 150 граммов.

The weight of the fruits varies from 100 to 150 grams.

Genitive plural 'граммов'.

5

Процентная ставка варьируется в разных банках.

The interest rate varies in different banks.

Financial context.

6

Сложность теста варьируется для каждого уровня.

The test difficulty varies for each level.

Dative/Prepositional 'для каждого уровня'.

7

Цветовая гамма варьируется от синего до зелёного.

The color scheme varies from blue to green.

Genitive case for colors.

8

Продолжительность сеанса варьируется.

The session duration varies.

Abstract noun subject.

1

Стоимость услуг варьируется в широком диапазоне.

The cost of services varies over a wide range.

Prepositional 'в диапазоне'.

2

Показатели варьируются в зависимости от времени года.

Indicators vary depending on the time of year.

Complex genitive phrase.

3

Дозировка лекарства должна варьироваться врачом.

The medication dosage must be varied by a doctor.

Passive-like use of reflexive verb with instrumental.

4

Уровень влажности варьируется в пределах нормы.

The humidity level varies within normal limits.

Preposition 'в пределах'.

5

Диалекты варьируются от региона к региону.

Dialects vary from region to region.

Linguistic context.

6

Интенсивность освещения может варьироваться.

The light intensity can vary.

Technical terminology.

7

Стратегии варьируются в зависимости от ситуации на рынке.

Strategies vary depending on the market situation.

Business context.

8

Содержание витаминов варьируется в разных продуктах.

Vitamin content varies in different products.

Scientific context.

1

Спектр мнений варьируется от полного одобрения до резкой критики.

The spectrum of opinions varies from total approval to sharp criticism.

High-level abstract range.

2

Законодательные нормы варьируются в разных субъектах федерации.

Legislative norms vary across different federal subjects.

Legal/Political context.

3

Амплитуда колебаний может варьироваться значительно.

The amplitude of oscillations can vary significantly.

Physics/Technical context.

4

Индивидуальные особенности варьируются в широких пределах.

Individual characteristics vary within wide limits.

Psychological/Academic context.

5

Стиль автора варьируется от произведения к произведению.

The author's style varies from work to work.

Literary analysis.

6

Эффективность препарата варьируется в зависимости от генетики.

The drug's effectiveness varies depending on genetics.

Medical research context.

7

Культурные традиции варьируются, несмотря на глобализацию.

Cultural traditions vary despite globalization.

Sociological context.

8

Частота пульса может варьироваться под влиянием стресса.

The heart rate can vary under the influence of stress.

Physiological context.

1

Методологические подходы варьируются в зависимости от парадигмы.

Methodological approaches vary depending on the paradigm.

Philosophical/Scientific context.

2

Лексический состав варьируется под воздействием экстралингвистических факторов.

Lexical composition varies under the influence of extralinguistic factors.

Linguistic theory.

3

Степень дискреции судьи может варьироваться в рамках закона.

The degree of judicial discretion may vary within the framework of the law.

Legal theory/High register.

4

Морфологические признаки варьируются внутри одного вида.

Morphological traits vary within a single species.

Biological science.

5

Интонационный рисунок фразы варьируется в разных диалектах.

The intonational pattern of a phrase varies in different dialects.

Phonetics/Linguistics.

6

Экономическая конъюнктура варьируется под влиянием геополитики.

The economic situation varies under the influence of geopolitics.

Advanced economic analysis.

7

Когнитивные способности могут варьироваться в процессе онтогенеза.

Cognitive abilities can vary during the process of ontogenesis.

Neuropsychology.

8

Интерпретация текста варьируется в зависимости от интенции читателя.

Interpretation of the text varies depending on the reader's intention.

Hermeneutics/Literary theory.

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