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B1 noun 8分钟阅读

анализ

Detailed examination of the elements of something

At the A1 level, you only need to know 'анализ' in one specific situation: the doctor's office. You might learn the phrase 'анализ крови' (blood test). At this stage, don't worry about complex academic meanings. Just remember that if a Russian doctor asks you for 'анализы', they want to check your health. You 'сдаёте' (give/hand in) these tests. It is a masculine noun. Example: 'Где можно сдать анализ?' (Where can I take a test?). Keep it simple and focus on the physical samples. You might also see it on signs in hospitals. It is a very important word for survival Russian if you ever feel unwell while traveling in a Russian-speaking country.
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At the A2 level, you begin to see 'анализ' outside of the hospital. You might encounter it in school contexts, like 'анализ текста' (text analysis). You should understand that it means looking at something carefully. You can use simple adjectives like 'хороший анализ' (good analysis) or 'плохой анализ' (bad analysis). You should also be able to use it in the plural: 'Мои анализы готовы' (My test results are ready). At this level, you are starting to connect the word with the idea of 'checking' or 'examining' something in detail, whether it is a drop of blood or a short story in your Russian class.
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At the B1 level, 'анализ' becomes a key word for expressing opinions and discussing work. You should be able to use it with the Genitive case comfortably: 'анализ ситуации', 'анализ данных'. You should move beyond 'делать' and start using 'проводить анализ' (to conduct an analysis). You will hear this word in the news and in business meetings. You are expected to understand that 'анализ' is a methodical process. You can describe an analysis as 'подробный' (detailed) or 'важный' (important). This is the level where you start to use the word to show that you are thinking critically about a topic, not just stating facts.
At the B2 level, you should use 'анализ' with precision in academic and professional settings. You should know collocations like 'сравнительный анализ' (comparative analysis) and 'критический анализ' (critical analysis). You should be able to discuss the 'результаты анализа' (results of the analysis) and how they affect a 'принятие решения' (decision making). You understand the nuance between 'анализ' and 'исследование'. You can use the verb 'анализировать' fluently. At this stage, 'анализ' is a tool for professional communication, allowing you to participate in debates about politics, economics, or literature with a sophisticated vocabulary.
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At the C1 level, you use 'анализ' as a sophisticated rhetorical device. You might use phrases like 'системный анализ' (systems analysis) or 'факторный анализ' (factor analysis). You can discuss the methodology of an analysis: 'анализ, основанный на фактах' (fact-based analysis). You understand cultural references to 'анализ', such as its role in Russian literary criticism. You can distinguish between 'количественный' (quantitative) and 'качественный' (qualitative) analysis. Your usage is indistinguishable from a native speaker's, and you can use the word to structure complex arguments in essays or formal presentations, showing a deep grasp of logical structures.
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At the C2 level, 'анализ' is a philosophical concept as much as a linguistic one. You can engage in 'философский анализ' (philosophical analysis) of existence or 'дискурс-анализ' (discourse analysis) of political rhetoric. You understand the historical development of the term in Russian science. You can use it metaphorically or ironically. You are comfortable with highly technical uses in fields like 'математический анализ' or 'психоанализ'. For a C2 learner, 'анализ' is not just a word, but a way of perceiving the world—a commitment to deconstructing reality to find its underlying truths. You can navigate any professional or academic environment where 'анализ' is the primary mode of operation.
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例句 笔记与提示

анализ 30秒了解

  • Aniz (анализ) means the detailed examination of something by breaking it down into parts.
  • It is commonly used for medical tests like blood work (usually in the plural form 'анализы').
  • It is also used in academic and professional contexts to describe logical data investigation.
  • The word is masculine and follows standard first declension rules in the Russian language.
The Russian word анализ is a versatile and essential noun that every learner reaching the B1 level must master. At its core, it refers to the process of breaking down a complex topic or substance into smaller parts to gain a better understanding of it. However, its usage spans across several distinct domains of life, ranging from the very mundane and clinical to the highly abstract and academic.
Medical Context
In everyday Russian life, you will most frequently encounter this word in a medical setting. If a doctor says you need to 'сдать анализы' (give/submit analyses), they are referring to medical tests, such as blood work, urine samples, or other diagnostic procedures. In this context, the word is almost always used in the plural form.

Завтра утром мне нужно пойти в поликлинику и сдать анализ крови.

Academic and Scientific Context
In schools and universities, 'анализ' is the bread and butter of intellectual work. Students perform a 'литературный анализ' (literary analysis) of a poem, scientists conduct a 'химический анализ' (chemical analysis) of a substance, and historians provide a 'исторический анализ' (historical analysis) of events. Here, it implies a deep, methodical investigation of components.
Business and Technology
In the modern corporate world, 'анализ' is ubiquitous. You will hear about 'рыночный анализ' (market analysis), 'системный анализ' (systems analysis), and 'финансовый анализ' (financial analysis). It represents the logical processing of information to make informed decisions.

Нам необходимо провести тщательный анализ конкурентов перед запуском продукта.

Understanding 'анализ' also means understanding its relationship with 'синтез' (synthesis). In philosophical and scientific discourse, analysis is the act of taking apart, while synthesis is the act of putting together. This duality is a cornerstone of Russian logical thought. Whether you are at the doctor's office or in a boardroom, this word signals a move from superficial observation to deep, structural understanding. It is a word of precision, logic, and evidence-based reasoning.
Using the word анализ correctly requires attention to grammatical case and the verbs it typically pairs with. Because it is a masculine noun ending in a consonant, it follows the first declension pattern. Its singular form is 'анализ' and its plural is 'анализы'.
The Genitive Connection
The most common way to use 'анализ' is by following it with a noun in the Genitive case. This tells us exactly what is being examined. For example: 'анализ текста' (analysis of the text), 'анализ ситуации' (analysis of the situation), 'анализ крови' (blood analysis). This structure is rigid and very common in both spoken and written Russian.

После глубокого анализа рынка мы решили изменить стратегию.

Verbs of Action
To say 'to analyze' or 'to perform an analysis', Russian offers several options. 'Проводить/провести анализ' is the formal standard. If you are talking about medical tests, you use the verb 'сдавать/сдать' (to hand in/submit). If you are subjecting something to analysis, you use the phrase 'подвергать анализу' (to subject to analysis).
Adjectival Modifiers
You can add depth to your sentences by using adjectives. 'Тщательный анализ' (thorough analysis), 'поверхностный анализ' (superficial analysis), 'сравнительный анализ' (comparative analysis), and 'всесторонний анализ' (comprehensive analysis) are high-frequency phrases that will make you sound more like a native speaker.

Ваш анализ ошибок помог нам избежать проблем в будущем.

In negative sentences, we use the genitive case: 'У нас нет анализа этих данных' (We don't have an analysis of this data). In the plural, the endings change predictably: 'результаты анализов' (results of the tests). Mastering these patterns allows you to discuss complex topics with clarity. Whether you are explaining a scientific phenomenon or simply telling a friend why you were late (because you were at the clinic), 'анализ' provides the structural framework for your explanation. It is a word that demands logic and precision in the words that surround it.
The word анализ is part of the 'active vocabulary' of any educated Russian speaker. You don't just find it in textbooks; you hear it in various real-life scenarios.
At the Medical Center (Поликлиника)
This is perhaps the most common place. You'll hear the receptionist say, 'Запись на анализы только утром' (Registration for tests is only in the morning). Or a doctor might say, 'Анализы в норме' (The tests are normal/fine). In this context, 'анализ' is concrete and physical.

Мне нужно забрать анализы из лаборатории.

On the News and in Media
Russian news broadcasts are fond of 'аналитические программы' (analytical programs). Political commentators will provide an 'анализ текущих событий' (analysis of current events). When experts are interviewed, they are often asked to give their 'экспертный анализ'. It suggests a level of professional depth beyond simple reporting.
In Educational Settings
From primary school onwards, Russian students are taught to perform 'грамматический анализ' (grammatical analysis) of sentences. In higher education, 'математический анализ' (mathematical analysis, often shortened to 'матан' in student slang) is a core subject for STEM students. It is synonymous with rigorous study.

На лекции мы проводили анализ стихотворений Пушкина.

You will also hear it in sports commentary ('анализ игры' - game analysis), in technology reviews ('анализ характеристик' - analysis of specifications), and in personal growth contexts ('анализ своих поступков' - analysis of one's own actions). The word is a signal that the speaker is moving from 'what' to 'how' and 'why'. It is a bridge between observation and conclusion. If you hear someone start a sentence with 'Если провести анализ...' (If we conduct an analysis...), get ready for a detailed explanation.
Even though анализ looks like its English counterpart, learners often make specific errors when integrating it into Russian speech.
Stress Placement
The most common mistake is misplacing the stress. In Russian, the stress is on the second syllable: анАлиз. Some learners mistakenly stress the first or third syllable because of the way the word sounds in other languages. Incorrect stress can make the word hard to recognize for native speakers.

Правильное ударение: а-нА-лиз. Не говорите 'Анализ' или 'аналИз'.

Confusing 'Анализ' with 'Тест'
In English, we often use 'test' for everything (blood test, software test, math test). In Russian, 'тест' is used for psychology, software, or multiple-choice exams. For biological samples (blood, etc.), you must use 'анализ'. Saying 'тест крови' sounds like a direct, clumsy translation from English.
Verb Collocation Errors
Learners often say 'делать анализ' (to do an analysis). While understandable, it's very informal. In professional or academic settings, use 'проводить анализ'. Another mistake is using 'сдавать анализ' for academic work. 'Сдавать' (to hand in/submit) is only for medical tests or exams. For a paper you wrote, say 'представить анализ' (to present an analysis).

Ошибка: Я сделал анализ текста. Лучше: Я провёл анализ текста.

Finally, be careful with the plural. 'Анализы' (plural) almost always implies medical tests. If you are talking about several different logical investigations, it is better to say 'виды анализа' or 'различные исследования' to avoid sounding like you are talking about a trip to the hospital. Precision in word choice and stress will elevate your Russian from 'functional' to 'sophisticated'.
Russian has several words that overlap with анализ, and choosing the right one depends on the nuance you want to convey.
Исследование (Research/Investigation)
'Исследование' is broader than 'анализ'. An analysis is often a part of a larger research project. If 'анализ' is the dissection of parts, 'исследование' is the entire journey of discovery. You 'исследуете' (research) the Arctic, but you 'анализируете' (analyze) the ice samples.
Разбор (Review/Breaking down)
'Разбор' is more informal and practical. It is often used in sports (разбор игры) or in school (разбор предложения). It implies taking something apart to see how it works or to find mistakes. It feels less 'scientific' than 'анализ'.

Учитель сделал разбор полётов после неудачного теста.

Изучение (Study/Learning)
'Изучение' is the process of learning or familiarizing oneself with something. 'Изучение языка' (language study) is not the same as 'анализ языка' (linguistic analysis). 'Изучение' is the 'what', while 'анализ' is the 'why' and 'how'.

Для полного понимания темы нужно не просто изучение, а глубокий анализ источников.

Other technical alternatives include 'мониторинг' (monitoring) for ongoing analysis, and 'диагностика' (diagnostics) for identifying problems. In literature, you might hear 'трактовка' (interpretation), which is a more subjective form of analysis. Knowing these synonyms allows you to avoid repetition and be more precise in your descriptions of intellectual work. 'Анализ' remains the most formal and versatile of the group, serving as the gold standard for logical inquiry.

How Formal Is It?

正式

"Проведенный анализ подтверждает нашу гипотезу."

中性

"Мне нужно забрать результаты анализов."

非正式

"Давай сделаем быстрый анализ ситуации."

Child friendly

"Врач посмотрит твой анализ и скажет, что ты здоров."

俚语

"У него мозг на анализе."

趣味小知识

The word entered the Russian language during the time of Peter the Great, as part of his massive Westernization and scientific reform program. Before that, Russians used more native Slavic terms for 'dissection' or 'examination'.

发音指南

UK [ɐˈnɑlʲiz]
US [əˈnɑlɪz]
Second syllable: анАлиз.
押韵词
паралич (paralich - slant rhyme) карниз (karniz) эскиз (eskiz) круиз (kruiz) сюрприз (syurpriz) девиз (deviz) сервиз (serviz) каприз (kapriz)
常见错误
  • Stressing the first syllable (Анализ).
  • Stressing the last syllable (аналИз).
  • Pronouncing the 'л' as a hard 'L' instead of a soft 'L'.
  • Pronouncing the 'з' at the end too clearly (it often sounds like 'с').
  • Mixing up the 'и' sound with 'ы'.

难度评级

阅读 2/5

Easy to recognize because it is an internationalism.

写作 3/5

Requires knowledge of Genitive case and correct spelling.

口语 3/5

Stress placement is the main challenge.

听力 2/5

Clear pronunciation, usually easy to hear.

接下来学什么

前置知识

Кровь Врач Текст Данные Работа

接下来学习

Анализировать Исследование Синтез Методология Результат

高级

Диалектика Дедукция Индукция Эмпирический Системный
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按水平分级的例句

1

Мне нужно сдать анализ крови.

I need to give a blood test.

Accusative case for 'анализ' after 'сдать'.

2

Где мой анализ?

Where is my test?

Nominative case.

3

Анализ будет готов завтра.

The test will be ready tomorrow.

Future tense of 'быть'.

4

Это хороший анализ.

This is a good test (result).

Adjective agreement.

5

Вам нужен анализ?

Do you need a test?

Dative construction 'вам нужен'.

6

Вот ваш анализ.

Here is your test.

Possessive pronoun 'ваш'.

7

Анализ мочи стоит недорого.

A urine test is inexpensive.

Genitive case 'мочи'.

8

Я иду на анализ.

I am going for a test.

Preposition 'на' + Accusative.

1

Мы делаем анализ этого текста.

We are doing an analysis of this text.

Genitive case 'этого текста'.

2

Ваши анализы очень хорошие.

Your tests are very good.

Plural form 'анализы'.

3

Он пишет краткий анализ книги.

He is writing a short analysis of the book.

Accusative case.

4

Результаты анализа пришли на почту.

The analysis results arrived by email.

Genitive singular 'анализа'.

5

Врач посмотрел мой анализ.

The doctor looked at my test.

Past tense verb.

6

Это простой анализ ситуации.

This is a simple analysis of the situation.

Adjective 'простой'.

7

Нам нужен анализ воды.

We need a water analysis.

Genitive 'воды'.

8

После анализа мы всё поняли.

After the analysis, we understood everything.

Preposition 'после' + Genitive.

1

Директор провёл анализ продаж за месяц.

The director conducted a sales analysis for the month.

Collocation 'провести анализ'.

2

Этот анализ помогает понять проблему.

This analysis helps to understand the problem.

Present tense verb 'помогает'.

3

Нам не хватает глубокого анализа данных.

We lack a deep analysis of the data.

Genitive case after 'не хватает'.

4

Вы читали мой анализ рынка?

Have you read my market analysis?

Genitive 'рынка'.

5

Его анализ всегда очень точный.

His analysis is always very accurate.

Adjective 'точный'.

6

Мы начали анализ новых проектов.

We started the analysis of new projects.

Genitive plural 'проектов'.

7

Без анализа нельзя принимать решение.

Without analysis, you cannot make a decision.

Preposition 'без' + Genitive.

8

Она занимается анализом поведения детей.

She is engaged in the analysis of children's behavior.

Instrumental case 'анализом' after 'заниматься'.

1

Сравнительный анализ двух стран показал различия.

A comparative analysis of the two countries showed differences.

Compound term 'сравнительный анализ'.

2

Автор проводит детальный анализ политики.

The author conducts a detailed analysis of politics.

Adjective 'детальный'.

3

Этот метод анализа считается устаревшим.

This method of analysis is considered outdated.

Passive construction.

4

Для анализа мы использовали новые технологии.

For the analysis, we used new technologies.

Preposition 'для' + Genitive.

5

Ваш анализ противоречит фактам.

Your analysis contradicts the facts.

Verb 'противоречить' + Dative.

6

Критический анализ источников необходим учёному.

Critical analysis of sources is necessary for a scientist.

Dative 'учёному'.

7

Объект подвергся химическому анализу.

The object was subjected to chemical analysis.

Verb 'подвергнуться' + Dative.

8

Анализ выявил скрытые угрозы.

The analysis revealed hidden threats.

Perfective verb 'выявил'.

1

Системный анализ позволяет увидеть картину в целом.

Systems analysis allows seeing the picture as a whole.

Abstract noun phrase.

2

В статье представлен глубокий анализ дискурса.

The article presents a deep discourse analysis.

Passive participle 'представлен'.

3

Ретроспективный анализ событий помогает избежать ошибок.

Retrospective analysis of events helps avoid mistakes.

Complex adjective 'ретроспективный'.

4

Анализ в данном случае является инструментом познания.

Analysis in this case is a tool of cognition.

Instrumental case 'инструментом'.

5

Мы провели многофакторный анализ рисков.

We conducted a multi-factor risk analysis.

Compound adjective 'многофакторный'.

6

Анализ текста требует внимания к деталям.

Text analysis requires attention to detail.

Genitive singular 'текста'.

7

Результаты анализа были интерпретированы неверно.

The results of the analysis were interpreted incorrectly.

Short passive participle.

8

Этот анализ закладывает фундамент для теории.

This analysis lays the foundation for the theory.

Metaphorical usage.

1

Феноменологический анализ сознания — сложная задача.

Phenomenological analysis of consciousness is a difficult task.

Academic terminology.

2

Её анализ пронизан тонкой иронией.

Her analysis is permeated with subtle irony.

Passive participle 'пронизан'.

3

Анализ и синтез — две стороны одной медали.

Analysis and synthesis are two sides of the same coin.

Idiomatic expression.

4

Математический анализ лежит в основе физики.

Mathematical analysis lies at the heart of physics.

Subject of the sentence.

5

Статистический анализ подтвердил гипотезу.

Statistical analysis confirmed the hypothesis.

Technical terminology.

6

Анализ ДНК изменил ход расследования.

DNA analysis changed the course of the investigation.

Noun-noun genitive chain.

7

Объективность анализа — залог успеха исследования.

The objectivity of the analysis is the key to the success of the study.

Abstract nouns.

8

Гармонический анализ используется в обработке сигналов.

Harmonic analysis is used in signal processing.

Specialized scientific term.

常见搭配

Провести анализ
Анализ крови
Глубокий анализ
Сравнительный анализ
Результаты анализа
Тщательный анализ
Анализ данных
Подвергнуть анализу
Анализ рынка
Предварительный анализ

常用短语

Сдать анализы

В конечном анализе

Анализ полётов

Математический анализ

Системный анализ

Литературный анализ

Критический анализ

Анализ ДНК

Анализ мочи

Объективный анализ

习语与表达

"Провести анализ полётов"

To conduct a post-mortem review; to analyze mistakes after a failure.

После проигрыша команда провела анализ полётов.

Colloquial/Business

"В последнем анализе"

In the final analysis; when all is said and done.

В последнем анализе мы сами виноваты.

Formal

"Подвергнуть критическому анализу"

To scrutinize something very closely and skeptically.

Его теорию подвергли критическому анализу.

Academic

"Анализ на коленке"

A very quick, rough, or unprofessional analysis done without proper tools.

Это был анализ на коленке, нам нужны точные цифры.

Informal

"Глубокий анализ"

Used metaphorically for thinking deeply about something.

Его глубокий анализ жизни поражает.

Neutral

"Сдать анализы"

While literal, it's often used as a euphemism for being sick or going to the hospital.

Опять он сдаёт анализы, совсем разболелся.

Neutral

"Холодный анализ"

An analysis done without emotion, purely logically.

Здесь нужен холодный анализ, а не эмоции.

Literary

"Анализ ситуации"

Often used to mean 'assessing the vibe' or 'reading the room'.

Мой анализ ситуации говорит, что пора уходить.

Neutral

"Блестящий анализ"

An exceptionally smart or insightful examination.

Это был блестящий анализ политической обстановки.

Complimentary

"Поверхностный анализ"

A shallow or incomplete examination.

Поверхностный анализ не даст результатов.

Critical

词族

名词

动词

形容词

相关

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记住它

记忆技巧

Think of an 'AN' (Ann) who is 'AL' (always) in the 'IZ' (is - lab). Ann is always in the lab doing an analysis.

视觉联想

Imagine a scientist with a magnifying glass looking at a complex puzzle that has been broken into small pieces.

Word Web

Data Blood Logic Science Text Market Chemistry Results

挑战

Try to use 'анализ' in three different contexts today: medical, work-related, and for a book or movie you like.

词源

Borrowed from Greek 'analysis' (ἀνάλυσις), meaning 'a breaking up' or 'untying'.

原始含义： To loosen or untie parts from a whole.

Indo-European (via Greek and French/Latin).

文化背景

No specific sensitivities, but avoid using 'анализы' (plural) in business unless you specifically mean 'medical tests', as it sounds clinical.

English speakers might say 'test' where Russians must say 'анализ' (especially in medicine).

Mathematical Analysis (Матан) - the legendary difficult subject for Russian students. Psychoanalysis (Психоанализ) - often associated with Freud in Russian culture. Analytical Chemistry - a major field in the Russian scientific tradition.

在生活中练习

真实语境

Medical Clinic

  • Сдать анализы
  • Результаты анализов
  • Направление на анализ
  • Анализ крови натощак

University/School

  • Литературный анализ
  • Математический анализ
  • Провести анализ текста
  • Грамматический анализ

Business Meeting

  • Анализ рынка
  • Финансовый анализ
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对话开场白

"Какой анализ ситуации вы можете предложить?"

"Вы уже получили результаты своих анализов?"

"Нам нужен более глубокий анализ этого вопроса, не так ли?"

"Какой метод анализа вы обычно используете в работе?"

"Вы согласны с анализом этого эксперта на телевидении?"

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