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B1 中级 英语 8:12 Educational

PHILOSOPHY: Immanuel Kant

The School of Life · 4,909,171 次观看 · 添加于 3 周前

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00:04

Immanuel Kant is a philosopher who tried to work out how human beings could be

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good and kind outside of the exaltations and blandishments of

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traditional religions. He was born in 1724, in the Baltic city of Königsberg,

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which at that time was part of Prussia and now belongs to Russia, renamed

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Kaliningrad. Kant's parents were very modest, his father was a saddle maker

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Kant never had much money, a fact he dealt with cheerfully by living very

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modestly. It wasn't until he was in his fifties that he became a fully salaried

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professor and attained a moderate degree of prosperity. His family were deeply

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religious and very strict. Later in life

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Kant did not have any conventional religious beliefs, but he was acutely

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aware of just how much religion had contributed to his parents' ability to

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cope with all the hardships of their existence and how useful religion could

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be in fostering social cohesion and community. Kant was physically very

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slight, frail, and anything but good looking, yet he was very sociable and some

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of his colleagues used to criticize him for going to too many parties. When

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eventually he was able to entertain, he had rules about conversation at his

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table. At the start of a dinner party he decreed that people should swap stories

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about what had been happening recently, then there should be a major phase of

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reflective discourse in which those present attempted to clarify an

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important topic, and finally there should be a closing period of hilarity so that

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