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B1 noun #7,000 الأكثر شيوعاً 10 دقيقة للقراءة

hostilidad

الأكثر شيوعاً #7,000

تدرّب عليها أمثلة ملاحظات ونصائح hostilidad في 30 ثانية

الشرح hostilidad in your Level:

At the A1 level, you don't need to use the word 'hostilidad' yet, as it is quite advanced and abstract. Instead, you would use simpler words like 'malo' (bad), 'enojado' (angry), or 'no me gusta' (I don't like). However, it is good to know that 'hostilidad' is a feminine noun because it ends in '-dad', just like 'ciudad' or 'universidad'. If you see this word, think of it as 'very bad feelings' or 'people acting like enemies'. At this stage, focusing on the basic emotions is more important, but recognizing the connection between 'hostilidad' and the English word 'hostility' can help you build your vocabulary early on. You might hear it in very simple contexts like 'Él es hostil' (He is hostile), although even that is more common at higher levels. For now, just remember: '-dad' words are feminine, and 'hostilidad' is a cognate of 'hostility'.

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

At the A2 level, you are beginning to describe people's personalities and the atmosphere of places. You might use 'hostilidad' to describe a situation where people are not being nice to each other. For example, 'Hay hostilidad en el trabajo' (There is hostility at work). You should focus on the fact that it is a noun and requires the feminine article 'la'. You can also start learning the adjective form, 'hostil'. For instance, 'Un clima hostil' (A hostile climate). At this level, you are moving beyond just saying 'he is angry' to describing the 'vibe' of a situation. It is a useful word for explaining why you might feel uncomfortable in a certain group or place. Remember that it is usually more serious than just a simple argument; it implies a lasting feeling of unfriendliness.

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

At the B1 level, 'hostilidad' becomes a very useful word for discussing social issues, workplace dynamics, and news events. You should be able to use it with prepositions like 'hacia' (Su hostilidad hacia mí) and 'entre' (Hostilidad entre grupos). This is the level where you start to distinguish between a temporary emotion (ira) and a long-term attitude (hostilidad). You will also encounter the plural 'hostilidades' in the context of history or news (el cese de hostilidades). You should feel comfortable using it to describe not just people, but also environments, like 'un entorno de hostilidad'. It is a key word for expressing more complex social observations and for participating in debates about conflict and cooperation. You should also be aware of common collocations like 'hostilidad abierta' or 'sentir hostilidad'.

At the B2 level, you should use 'hostilidad' with precision, distinguishing it from synonyms like 'animosidad', 'antipatía', or 'rencor'. You should be able to discuss the psychological and sociological aspects of hostility. For example, you might analyze the 'raíces de la hostilidad' (roots of hostility) in a society or the impact of 'hostilidad mediática' on public figures. Your use of the word should reflect an understanding of its formal tone. You can use it in academic essays or professional reports to describe friction between departments or nations. You should also be familiar with more advanced phrases like 'desplegar hostilidad' (to display hostility) or 'una hostilidad latente' (a latent hostility). At this level, you can use the word metaphorically to describe difficult challenges or harsh natural conditions with ease.

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

At the C1 level, your use of 'hostilidad' should be nuanced and sophisticated. You can use it to discuss complex geopolitical strategies, literary themes, or deep psychological states. You should be able to handle the word in all its registers, from formal legal documents to high-level intellectual discourse. You might explore the 'perpetuación de la hostilidad' in historical conflicts or the 'hostilidad ontológica' in philosophical texts. You should also be aware of how the word interacts with other high-level vocabulary, such as 'beligerancia', 'confrontación', or 'antagonismo'. At this stage, you are expected to use the word accurately in debates, capturing the subtle differences between active aggression and passive-aggressive hostility. Your writing should show a mastery of the noun's various collocations and its ability to function in complex sentence structures.

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

At the C2 level, you have a near-native command of 'hostilidad'. You can use it to capture the most subtle shades of meaning in any context, whether it's a nuanced diplomatic communiqué, a profound piece of literary criticism, or a complex psychological analysis. You understand the historical evolution of the word and its various connotations in different Spanish-speaking regions. You can use it to create specific rhetorical effects, perhaps contrasting 'la hostilidad manifiesta' with 'la cortesía superficial'. You are comfortable with archaic or highly specialized uses of the word, such as those found in classic literature or specialized legal codes. Your mastery allows you to use 'hostilidad' and its family of words (hostil, hostilizar, hostigamiento) with perfect precision, ensuring that your choice of words always perfectly matches the intended tone and intensity of your message.

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

تدرّب عليها أمثلة ملاحظات ونصائح

hostilidad في 30 ثانية

Hostilidad is a feminine noun meaning hostility or unfriendliness.
It comes from the Latin 'hostis' (enemy) and is a direct cognate of the English word.
It can describe a personal feeling, a social atmosphere, or acts of warfare.
Commonly used with prepositions like 'hacia' (towards) and 'entre' (between).

The Spanish word hostilidad is a versatile noun that encompasses a range of negative interpersonal and collective dynamics. At its core, it refers to a state of enmity, ill will, or active opposition. While it is a direct cognate of the English word 'hostility,' its usage in Spanish often carries a weight that can span from a cold, silent treatment in a social setting to the formal declaration of war in a geopolitical context. Understanding hostilidad requires looking beyond simple anger; it is the manifestation of that anger into an attitude or a set of actions designed to oppose or harm another entity. In everyday Spanish, you will encounter this word when people describe toxic environments, whether in the workplace, within a family, or between rival sports teams. It is a B1-level word because it moves beyond basic emotions like 'triste' (sad) or 'enojado' (angry) into the realm of abstract social conditions and formal descriptions of conflict.

Interpersonal Context: In personal relationships, hostilidad describes a palpable tension. It is not just a disagreement; it is an enduring attitude of unfriendliness. For example, if two colleagues refuse to speak and glare at each other, there is a clear sense of hostilidad in the office. It is often used with verbs like 'sentir' (to feel), 'percibir' (to perceive), or 'mostrar' (to show).

La hostilidad entre los dos países ha crecido considerablemente en los últimos meses debido a la disputa territorial.

Formal and Military Context: In historical or political discussions, the plural form hostilidades is frequently used to refer to acts of warfare. Phrases like 'cese de hostilidades' (ceasefire/cessation of hostilities) are standard in news reports and history books. Here, the word moves from a feeling to a concrete set of aggressive actions.

No pude soportar la hostilidad del ambiente laboral y decidí renunciar a mi puesto.

Psychological Nuance: Psychologists use hostilidad to define a personality trait characterized by a tendency to interpret others' actions as provocative or harmful. It is considered more stable and long-term than 'ira' (anger), which is a temporary emotional state.

El terapeuta ayudó al paciente a identificar las raíces de su hostilidad hacia las figuras de autoridad.

A pesar de la hostilidad inicial, los dos grupos lograron llegar a un acuerdo de paz duradero.

La afición local mostró una gran hostilidad hacia el equipo visitante durante todo el partido.

In summary, hostilidad is a powerful word used to describe deep-seated conflict, whether it is felt internally, expressed through social behavior, or enacted through physical force. Its Latin roots link it to the word 'hostis' (enemy), which perfectly captures the essence of treating someone not just as a stranger, but as a foe.

Using hostilidad correctly in Spanish involves understanding its grammatical role as a noun and the specific prepositions that typically accompany it. Most commonly, hostilidad is directed 'hacia' (towards) someone or something, or it exists 'entre' (between) two or more parties. Because it is an abstract noun, it often follows verbs of perception or manifestation. For instance, one can 'notar' (notice), 'sentir' (feel), 'percibir' (perceive), 'mostrar' (show), or 'desplegar' (display) hostility. In more formal contexts, specifically military or legal, you will see the plural 'hostilidades' used with verbs like 'romper' (to break/start) or 'cesar' (to cease).

With Prepositions: The most frequent preposition is 'hacia'. Example: 'Su hostilidad hacia los extranjeros es preocupante'. Another common one is 'entre'. Example: 'Hay una fuerte hostilidad entre las dos familias'.

El ambiente se llenó de hostilidad cuando el jefe anunció los recortes salariales.

The Plural Form: Hostilidades: While 'hostilidad' is the feeling, 'hostilidades' (plural) often refers to specific acts of aggression or war. You will hear 'el inicio de las hostilidades' to mean the start of a fight or war.

Es difícil trabajar en un lugar donde la hostilidad es la norma diaria.

Adjective Pairings: Common adjectives that describe hostilidad include 'abierta' (open), 'latente' (latent/hidden), 'gratuita' (unwarranted), and 'creciente' (growing).

Las hostilidades cesaron tras la firma del tratado de paz.

No entiendo el motivo de tanta hostilidad gratuita por su parte.

La hostilidad del clima en la Antártida hace que la vida sea casi imposible.

Note that hostilidad can also be used metaphorically to describe harsh environments, like a 'clima hostil' (hostile climate) or the 'hostilidad del terreno' (hostility/harshness of the terrain). In these cases, it implies that the environment is working against the person, much like an enemy would.

You will encounter hostilidad in several distinct areas of Spanish-speaking life. First and foremost, it is a staple of the evening news. Whether the report is about international relations, political debates in parliament, or social unrest, hostilidad is the preferred term to describe the friction between opposing sides. News anchors might say, 'Se respira un aire de hostilidad en las calles' (An air of hostility can be felt in the streets). This word provides a level of gravitas that simple words like 'pelea' (fight) or 'discusión' (argument) lack. It suggests a deeper, more structural conflict.

In the Workplace: HR departments and labor unions often use this word when discussing 'acoso laboral' (workplace harassment) or a 'clima de hostilidad'. If a manager is being overly critical or aggressive, employees might complain about the hostilidad in their department.

El sindicato denunció la hostilidad de la empresa hacia los trabajadores en huelga.

In Sports Media: Before a high-stakes match, especially a 'clásico' (like Real Madrid vs. Barcelona), sports commentators will talk about the hostilidad of the rival stadium. They describe how the fans create a 'clima hostil' to intimidate the visiting players.

Los jugadores tuvieron que soportar la hostilidad del público durante los noventa minutos.

In Literature and Film: In dramas or psychological thrillers, characters often discuss the hostilidad they feel from others. It is a key word in scripts to set the mood of a scene or to describe a character's internal state.

En la novela, la hostilidad del desierto es un personaje más que pone a prueba a los protagonistas.

La hostilidad en el debate político ha llegado a niveles nunca antes vistos.

Es importante no responder a la hostilidad con más agresión.

Ultimately, hostilidad is a word of weight. It is not used for trivial annoyances but for significant, palpable friction that defines a relationship or a situation. Whether in a news report about a border conflict or a conversation about a difficult boss, it conveys a serious and often dangerous level of opposition.

While hostilidad is a cognate, English speakers often make several nuanced mistakes when using it in Spanish. The first is gender. Many learners accidentally treat abstract nouns as masculine, saying 'el hostilidad'. Remember, nouns ending in '-dad' are feminine. Another common error is using it where 'odio' (hate) or 'enfado' (anger) would be more appropriate. Hostilidad is an attitude or a state of being, whereas 'odio' is a deep emotion and 'enfado' is a temporary feeling. You don't usually 'have a hostility' for a moment; you 'show hostility' over a period of time.

Confusing Hostilidad with Hostigamiento: Learners often confuse hostilidad (the state of being hostile) with hostigamiento (the act of harassing). While they are related, hostilidad is the vibe or attitude, and hostigamiento is the specific, repeated action of bothering someone.

Incorrecto: El hostilidad de mi vecino es molesto.
Correcto: La hostilidad de mi vecino es molesta.

Preposition Errors: English speakers often want to use 'para' or 'a' instead of 'hacia'. While 'a' is sometimes acceptable, 'hacia' (towards) is the most natural-sounding preposition when describing the direction of the hostility.

Incorrecto: Su hostilidad por mí es obvia.
Correcto: Su hostilidad hacia mí es obvia.

Misusing the Plural: Using 'hostilidades' to describe a single person's bad mood is overkill. Reserve the plural for formal conflicts or multiple distinct acts of aggression.

La hostilidad latente en la reunión impidió que llegáramos a un consenso.

Confundir hostilidad con timidez es un error común al conocer a personas nuevas.

No confundas su hostilidad con una simple falta de cortesía.

Finally, remember that hostilidad is a formal word. In a very casual setting with friends, you might use 'mala onda' (bad vibe) or 'mal rollo' (Spain slang) instead. Using hostilidad while hanging out at a bar might sound a bit too clinical or dramatic unless you are being intentionally serious.

Spanish is rich with synonyms for hostilidad, each offering a slightly different shade of meaning. Choosing the right one depends on whether you are describing a feeling, a social atmosphere, or an act of aggression. Words like 'animosidad', 'antipatía', and 'enemistad' are close relatives, but they are not always interchangeable. Understanding these differences will elevate your Spanish from B1 to B2 and beyond.

Hostilidad vs. Animosidad: Animosidad is very similar but often feels slightly more personal and internal. Hostilidad feels more outward and potentially aggressive. You might feel animosidad toward a rival, but you show hostilidad by ignoring them.

A pesar de su antigua hostilidad, decidieron colaborar en el proyecto.

Hostilidad vs. Enemistad: Enemistad refers to the relationship itself (being enemies), while hostilidad refers to the behavior or attitude within that relationship. You can have an enemistad for years without showing active hostilidad every day.

La antipatía entre los vecinos era evidente, pero nunca llegó a la hostilidad física.

Hostilidad vs. Agresividad: Agresividad is the tendency to attack or act violently. Hostilidad is broader; it includes the cold, quiet unfriendliness that isn't necessarily 'aggressive' in a physical sense but is still deeply oppositional.

Su agresividad verbal era solo un síntoma de su hostilidad profunda.

La hostilidad mediática puede destruir la reputación de una persona en pocos días.

Debemos transformar esta hostilidad en una cooperación constructiva.

In summary, if you want to sound more precise, use 'antipatía' for mild dislike, 'animosidad' for deep-seated ill will, 'enemistad' for the status of being foes, and reserve hostilidad for the active, palpable presence of opposition or unfriendly behavior.

How Formal Is It?

حقيقة ممتعة

The Latin root 'hostis' originally meant 'stranger' before it evolved to mean 'enemy'. This shows how societies often viewed outsiders with suspicion.

دليل النطق

UK /ɒs.tɪ.lɪˈðað/

US /os.ti.liˈðad/

The stress is on the last syllable: hos-ti-li-DAD.

يتقافى مع

verdad ciudad felicidad libertad amistad universidad realidad sociedad

أخطاء شائعة

Pronouncing the initial 'h' (it must be silent).
Stressing the wrong syllable (don't say hos-TI-li-dad).
Making the 'o' sound like the English 'o' in 'host' (it should be a pure Spanish 'o').
Pronouncing the 'i' like the English 'i' in 'hit' (it should be 'ee').
Hardening the final 'd' too much (it should be soft).

مستوى الصعوبة

القراءة 3/5

Easy to recognize because it is a cognate.

الكتابة 4/5

Requires correct gender and preposition usage.

التحدث 4/5

The final 'd' and stress on the last syllable can be tricky.

الاستماع 3/5

Clear pronunciation in most dialects.

ماذا تتعلّم بعد ذلك

المتطلبات الأساسية

malo enemigo enojado guerra hacia

تعلّم لاحقاً

animosidad beligerancia antagonismo hostigar hostil

متقدم

idiosincrasia belicosidad conflagración encono quina

قواعد يجب معرفتها

Nouns ending in -dad are feminine.

La hostilidad, la libertad, la verdad.

The preposition 'hacia' indicates direction or target of an emotion.

Su hostilidad hacia el jefe.

The plural of nouns ending in -d is formed by adding -es.

Hostilidad -> hostilidades.

Abstract nouns often use the definite article.

La hostilidad es destructiva.

Adjectives must agree in gender with the noun.

Hostilidad extrema (not extremo).

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

أمثلة حسب المستوى

La hostilidad es mala.

Hostility is bad.

Simple subject-verb-adjective structure.

No me gusta la hostilidad.

I don't like hostility.

Using 'gustar' with a noun.

Hay hostilidad aquí.

There is hostility here.

Using 'hay' for existence.

Ella siente hostilidad.

She feels hostility.

Present tense of 'sentir'.

La hostilidad de mi perro.

My dog's hostility.

Possession with 'de'.

Es una hostilidad clara.

It is a clear hostility.

Noun-adjective agreement (feminine).

Mucha hostilidad en la clase.

A lot of hostility in the class.

Use of 'mucha' with feminine nouns.

Veo hostilidad en sus ojos.

I see hostility in his eyes.

Simple transitive verb 'ver'.

Siento mucha hostilidad en este grupo.

I feel a lot of hostility in this group.

Expressing feelings with 'sentir'.

La hostilidad entre los vecinos es vieja.

The hostility between the neighbors is old.

Using 'entre' to show relationship.

Ellos muestran su hostilidad siempre.

They always show their hostility.

Verb 'mostrar' (to show).

No entiendo tanta hostilidad.

I don't understand so much hostility.

Use of 'tanta' for emphasis.

La hostilidad no es buena para el equipo.

Hostility is not good for the team.

Definite article 'la' required.

Él habla con mucha hostilidad.

He speaks with a lot of hostility.

Adverbial phrase 'con mucha hostilidad'.

Hay una hostilidad latente en la oficina.

There is a latent hostility in the office.

Adjective 'latente' (hidden).

La hostilidad empezó ayer.

The hostility started yesterday.

Preterite tense of 'empezar'.

La hostilidad hacia los refugiados ha disminuido.

Hostility towards refugees has decreased.

Preposition 'hacia' for direction.

Es difícil trabajar con tanta hostilidad ambiental.

It's hard to work with so much environmental hostility.

Compound adjective 'ambiental'.

El árbitro detuvo el juego por la hostilidad del público.

The referee stopped the game due to the crowd's hostility.

Cause expressed with 'por'.

Debemos evitar la hostilidad en nuestras discusiones.

We must avoid hostility in our discussions.

Infinitive after 'deber'.

Su hostilidad es una respuesta al miedo.

His hostility is a response to fear.

Noun as a complement.

Las hostilidades cesaron después del acuerdo.

Hostilities ceased after the agreement.

Plural form for acts of war.

Percibo una hostilidad que no puedo explicar.

I perceive a hostility that I cannot explain.

Relative clause with 'que'.

La hostilidad gratuita nunca ayuda a resolver problemas.

Unwarranted hostility never helps to solve problems.

Adjective 'gratuita' meaning 'unprovoked'.

La hostilidad manifiesta de la prensa afectó su carrera.

The overt hostility of the press affected his career.

Adjective 'manifiesta' (overt).

Se rompieron las hostilidades tras el fracaso del diálogo.

Hostilities broke out after the failure of the dialogue.

Passive 'se' construction.

La hostilidad del terreno dificultó el rescate.

The harshness of the terrain made the rescue difficult.

Metaphorical use for environment.

No debemos confundir firmeza con hostilidad.

We should not confuse firmness with hostility.

Contrast using 'confundir... con'.

La hostilidad latente explotó en una pelea abierta.

The latent hostility exploded into an open fight.

Metaphorical verb 'explotar'.

El clima de hostilidad impidió cualquier tipo de negociación.

The atmosphere of hostility prevented any kind of negotiation.

Subject is a complex noun phrase.

Su hostilidad es producto de años de resentimiento.

His hostility is the product of years of resentment.

Noun phrase 'producto de'.

A pesar de la hostilidad inicial, terminaron siendo amigos.

Despite the initial hostility, they ended up being friends.

Concessive phrase 'A pesar de'.

La hostilidad ontológica es un tema recurrente en su obra.

Ontological hostility is a recurring theme in his work.

Academic use of 'ontológica'.

La perpetuación de la hostilidad solo conduce al aislamiento.

The perpetuation of hostility only leads to isolation.

Abstract noun 'perpetuación'.

Es imperativo mitigar la hostilidad en las redes sociales.

It is imperative to mitigate hostility on social media.

Formal adjective 'imperativo'.

La hostilidad velada es a menudo más dañina que la abierta.

Veiled hostility is often more damaging than overt hostility.

Adjective 'velada' (veiled/hidden).

Se detectó una hostilidad sistemática contra el grupo minoritario.

Systematic hostility was detected against the minority group.

Adjective 'sistemática'.

La hostilidad del entorno exigía una adaptación inmediata.

The hostility of the environment demanded immediate adaptation.

Verb 'exigir' (to demand).

No hay justificación para tal despliegue de hostilidad.

There is no justification for such a display of hostility.

Noun 'despliegue' (display/deployment).

La hostilidad se ha filtrado en todas las capas de la sociedad.

Hostility has seeped into all layers of society.

Metaphorical verb 'filtrarse'.

La hostilidad se erigió como el principal obstáculo para la concordia.

Hostility emerged as the main obstacle to harmony.

Formal verb 'erigirse'.

Subyace una hostilidad ancestral que nubla el juicio de los líderes.

An ancestral hostility underlies and clouds the judgment of the leaders.

Verb 'subyacer' (to underlie).

El discurso estaba impregnado de una hostilidad apenas contenida.

The speech was permeated with a barely contained hostility.

Participle 'impregnado'.

La hostilidad recíproca alimentó un ciclo de violencia interminable.

Reciprocal hostility fueled an endless cycle of violence.

Adjective 'recíproca'.

Analizaron la hostilidad desde una perspectiva sociolingüística.

They analyzed hostility from a sociolinguistic perspective.

Advanced academic context.

La hostilidad no es sino el reflejo de una inseguridad profunda.

Hostility is nothing but the reflection of deep insecurity.

Rhetorical structure 'no es sino'.

Se requiere una voluntad férrea para trascender la hostilidad histórica.

An iron will is required to transcend historical hostility.

Adjective 'férrea' (iron/strong).

La hostilidad se desvaneció ante la magnitud de la tragedia compartida.

Hostility vanished in the face of the magnitude of the shared tragedy.

Verb 'desvanecerse' (to vanish).

تلازمات شائعة

Hostilidad abierta

Hostilidad latente

Cese de hostilidades

Clima de hostilidad

Sentir hostilidad

Mostrar hostilidad

Hostilidad gratuita

Hostilidad mediática

Romper hostilidades

Hostilidad ambiental

العبارات الشائعة

Ambiente de hostilidad

— A situation where everyone feels tense and unfriendly.

Se respira un ambiente de hostilidad en la oficina.

Sin hostilidad

— Doing something without being mean or aggressive.

Podemos hablar del tema sin hostilidad.

Bajo hostilidad

— Being in a situation where you are being attacked or opposed.

Trabajamos bajo hostilidad constante.

Hostilidad entre hermanos

— Rivalry or unfriendliness between siblings.

La hostilidad entre hermanos es normal hasta cierto punto.

Hostilidad hacia el cambio

— Resisting new ideas or ways of doing things.

Hay mucha hostilidad hacia el cambio en esta empresa.

Actos de hostilidad

— Specific actions that show unfriendliness or aggression.

Esos actos de hostilidad no serán tolerados.

Hostilidad racial

— Unfriendliness or aggression based on race.

La hostilidad racial es un problema social grave.

Hostilidad mutua

— When both sides are unfriendly to each other.

Su hostilidad mutua arruinó la cena.

Hostilidad pasiva

— Showing unfriendliness through indirect ways like silence.

Su hostilidad pasiva es más difícil de manejar.

Fin de la hostilidad

— The moment when the unfriendliness or fighting stops.

Esperamos el fin de la hostilidad pronto.

يُخلط عادةً مع

hostilidad vs Hostigamiento

Hostilidad is an attitude; hostigamiento is the act of harassment.

hostilidad vs Odio

Odio is a deep emotion (hate); hostilidad is an unfriendly behavior or state.

hostilidad vs Enemistad

Enemistad is the relationship status; hostilidad is the active display of it.

تعبيرات اصطلاحية

"Echar leña al fuego de la hostilidad"

— To make a hostile situation even worse.

Sus comentarios solo echaron leña al fuego de la hostilidad.

Informal

"Respirar hostilidad"

— When hostility is so strong it feels like it's in the air.

En esa casa se respira hostilidad.

Neutral

"Romper el hielo de la hostilidad"

— To try to end a hostile atmosphere with a friendly gesture.

Intentó romper el hielo de la hostilidad con un chiste.

Neutral

"Cavar trincheras de hostilidad"

— To deeply entrench oneself in a hostile position.

Ambos políticos han cavado trincheras de hostilidad.

Literary

"Sembrar hostilidad"

— To do things that will cause hostility in the future.

Sus mentiras sembraron hostilidad entre nosotros.

Neutral

"Enterrar el hacha de la hostilidad"

— To stop fighting and seek peace (similar to 'bury the hatchet').

Es hora de enterrar el hacha de la hostilidad.

Informal

"Un muro de hostilidad"

— An impassable barrier of unfriendliness.

Me encontré con un muro de hostilidad al entrar.

Neutral

"Hostilidad a flor de piel"

— When someone is very easily provoked into hostility.

Tiene la hostilidad a flor de piel últimamente.

Informal

"Vientos de hostilidad"

— Signs that a conflict is coming.

Soplan vientos de hostilidad en la frontera.

Literary

"Un nido de hostilidad"

— A place where there is a lot of hidden hostility.

Esa oficina es un nido de hostilidad.

Informal

سهل الخلط

hostilidad vs Hostil

It is the adjective form.

Hostilidad is the noun (the thing), hostil is the adjective (the description).

Un ambiente hostil tiene mucha hostilidad.

hostilidad vs Hostilizar

It is the verb form.

Hostilidad is the state, hostilizar is the action of making someone's life difficult.

Ellos intentan hostilizar al nuevo empleado.

hostilidad vs Hoste

Archaic word for army.

Hoste is a group of soldiers; hostilidad is the feeling of enmity.

La hoste avanzó con hostilidad.

hostilidad vs Huésped

Sounds slightly similar.

Huésped means guest, which is the opposite of an enemy (hostis).

El huésped fue recibido sin hostilidad.

hostilidad vs Hospitalidad

Often confused because of the 'host' root.

Hospitalidad (hospitality) is the exact opposite of hostilidad.

Prefiero la hospitalidad a la hostilidad.

أنماط الجُمل

Hay [mucha/poca] hostilidad.

Hay mucha hostilidad.

La hostilidad entre [A] y [B].

La hostilidad entre los equipos.

Sentir hostilidad hacia [alguien].

Siento hostilidad hacia él.

Un clima de hostilidad [adjetivo].

Un clima de hostilidad insoportable.

Cesar las hostilidades.

Las hostilidades cesaron pronto.

Debido a la hostilidad imperante...

Debido a la hostilidad imperante, se canceló el evento.

No es sino un reflejo de su hostilidad.

La hostilidad se erige como...

La hostilidad se erige como barrera.

عائلة الكلمة

الأسماء

hostilidad

hostigamiento

الأفعال

hostilizar

hostigar

الصفات

hostil

مرتبط

hueste

hoste

enemigo

adversario

contrincante

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كيفية الاستخدام

frequency

Common in news, literature, and formal discussions.

أخطاء شائعة

El hostilidad → La hostilidad
Abstract nouns ending in -dad are always feminine.
Hostilidad a mí → Hostilidad hacia mí
The preposition 'hacia' is the standard way to show the target of an emotion.
Pronouncing the H → /os-ti-li-dad/
The H is always silent in Spanish.
Using it for a short mood → Estar enfadado
Hostilidad implies a more lasting attitude than a simple moment of anger.
Hostilidad con el terreno → Hostilidad del terreno
When describing a harsh environment, use 'de' to show possession of the quality.

نصائح

Remember the Gender

Always pair 'hostilidad' with feminine adjectives like 'mucha', 'tanta', or 'buena' (though you'd usually say 'mala hostilidad').

Use Synonyms

To sound more natural, use 'antipatía' for small dislikes and 'hostilidad' for serious conflicts.

Soft Final D

Don't pop the final 'd'. Let it be a soft breath at the end of the word.

News Context

When you hear 'cese de hostilidades', it almost always means a ceasefire in a war.

Formal Writing

Use 'hostilidad' in professional emails if you need to describe a difficult situation without being too emotional.

Avoid It

In casual Spanish, 'hostilidad' can sound a bit too 'heavy'. Use 'mala onda' with friends.

Latent Hostility

The phrase 'hostilidad latente' is perfect for describing a situation where everyone is angry but no one is saying anything.

Latin Root

Remembering 'hostis' (enemy) helps you connect it to words like 'hostage' and 'hostile' in English.

Practice Sentences

Write three sentences about a movie villain using the word 'hostilidad' to describe their attitude.

Sports Rivalry

Use 'hostilidad' to describe the atmosphere of a stadium when the rival team enters.

احفظها

وسيلة تذكّر

Hostilidad starts like 'hostile' and ends like 'dad'. Imagine a 'hostile dad' (though most dads are nice!) to remember the word and its feminine gender (-dad).

ربط بصري

Imagine two red arrows pointing at each other, representing the clash and opposition inherent in 'hostilidad'.

Word Web

hostil guerra enemigo odio tensión pelea rechazo enfrentamiento

تحدٍّ

Try to use 'hostilidad' in a sentence describing a scene from a movie you recently watched. Make sure to use 'la' before it!

أصل الكلمة

From the Latin 'hostilitas', which comes from 'hostilis' (hostile), and ultimately from 'hostis' (enemy).

المعنى الأصلي: The quality of being an enemy or acting as one.

Romance (Latin root)

السياق الثقافي

Be careful when using this word to describe individuals, as it is a strong accusation of being unfriendly or aggressive.

The usage is very similar to English, but 'hostilidad' in Spanish can feel slightly more formal or dramatic than the casual use of 'hostility'.

Cien años de soledad (describes hostilities between families) News reports on the 'Cese de hostilidades' in Colombia Sports headlines about 'El Clásico'

تدرّب في الحياة الواقعية

سياقات واقعية

In the news

Cese de hostilidades
Hostilidad entre países
Escalada de hostilidad
Actos de hostilidad

At work

Clima de hostilidad
Hostilidad laboral
Acoso y hostilidad
Reducir la hostilidad

In sports

Hostilidad del público
Campo hostil
Rivalidad y hostilidad
Mostrar hostilidad

In relationships

Hostilidad familiar
Sentir hostilidad
Hostilidad hacia la pareja
Sin hostilidad

In psychology

Rasgos de hostilidad
Hostilidad latente
Manejo de la hostilidad
Raíces de la hostilidad

بدايات محادثة

"¿Has sentido alguna vez hostilidad en tu lugar de trabajo?"

"¿Cómo crees que se puede reducir la hostilidad en las redes sociales?"

"¿Crees que la hostilidad es una parte natural de la competencia deportiva?"

"¿Qué haces cuando percibes hostilidad por parte de un desconocido?"

"¿Es posible tener una discusión seria sin que aparezca la hostilidad?"

مواضيع للكتابة اليومية

Describe un momento en el que lograste transformar la hostilidad en amistad.

Reflexiona sobre cómo la hostilidad mediática afecta a la política de tu país.

Escribe sobre un entorno que consideres hostil y explica por qué.

¿Cómo manejas tus propios sentimientos de hostilidad hacia los demás?

Imagina un mundo sin hostilidad. ¿Cómo sería la vida diaria?

الأسئلة الشائعة

10 أسئلة

Es femenino. Siempre se dice 'la hostilidad'. Esto se debe a que termina en '-dad', una terminación típica de los sustantivos femeninos en español.

El odio es un sentimiento interno muy profundo e intenso. La hostilidad es más una actitud externa, un comportamiento poco amigable o una oposición activa que puede o no estar motivada por el odio.

Se usa principalmente en contextos militares o de conflicto formal para referirse a actos específicos de guerra o agresión. Por ejemplo: 'El inicio de las hostilidades'.

La más común es 'hacia' (hostilidad hacia alguien). También se usa 'entre' para describir la relación entre dos grupos (hostilidad entre bandas).

Sí, es muy común en el lenguaje formal, en las noticias, en el trabajo y en la literatura. En el lenguaje muy informal, se prefieren otras expresiones como 'mal rollo'.

Se puede usar 'hostilidad', pero a menudo se usa 'agresividad' si el jugador está atacando mucho.

Casi nunca. Es una palabra con una connotación muy negativa que implica conflicto y falta de armonía.

El adjetivo es 'hostil'. Por ejemplo: 'Un encuentro hostil'.

La 'h' es completamente muda en español. Se empieza a pronunciar desde la 'o': /os.ti.li.dad/.

Significa hostilidad que no tiene una razón lógica o que no ha sido provocada por la otra persona.

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