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B1 adjective #10,000 الأكثر شيوعاً 10 دقيقة للقراءة

شاخدار

Q: Is there a formal version of 'دروغ شاخدار'?

Yes, 'کذب محض' (pure falsehood) or 'ادعای بیاساس' (baseless claim).

shakh-dar الأكثر شيوعاً #10,000

تدرّب عليها أمثلة ملاحظات ونصائح شاخدار في 30 ثانية

الشرح شاخدار in your Level:

At the A1 level, you should learn 'شاخدار' (shākhdār) as a simple descriptive word for animals. Think of it as 'horn + having.' If you know the word for horn (shākh), adding 'dār' makes it an adjective. You will mostly see this in picture books or at the zoo. For example, 'بز شاخدار' (horned goat). Don't worry about the idioms yet; just focus on the physical meaning. It is a useful word for describing nature and animals. You might also see it in very simple fantasy stories with monsters. Keep it literal for now.

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

At the A2 level, you can start to understand that 'شاخدار' is used to describe anything that physically possesses horns. You might learn it alongside other physical attributes like 'دم‌دار' (having a tail) or 'بال‌دار' (winged). You should be able to form simple sentences like 'این حیوان شاخدار است' (This animal is horned). You might also encounter the word 'تک‌شاخ' (unicorn) and recognize the 'shākh' root. This level is about expanding your descriptive vocabulary for the physical world and basic mythological creatures.

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

At the B1 level, you move into the most common figurative use of the word: 'دروغ شاخدار' (dorough-e shākhdār). You should understand that this means a 'blatant lie' or a 'whopper.' This is a very common idiom in Iranian culture. You can use it to express skepticism in a conversation. You should also be able to distinguish between 'شاخدار' (horned) and 'شاخه‌دار' (branching). At this stage, you are expected to use the word in social contexts to react to unbelievable stories told by friends or colleagues.

At the B2 level, you should be comfortable using 'شاخدار' in more complex sentences and understanding its nuances in media and literature. You might hear it in a political debate where one person accuses another of telling 'دروغ‌های شاخدار'. You should also understand its role in Persian mythology, such as descriptions of 'Divs' (demons). You can use it to describe not just lies, but any claim or situation that is absurdly prominent or 'extra.' You should also be aware of the register—knowing it is slightly informal but very expressive.

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

At the C1 level, you should appreciate the stylistic impact of 'شاخدار'. You can use it in creative writing to evoke specific imagery. You might analyze its use in classical poetry or modern satire. You should understand the historical context of 'horns' as symbols of both power (as in Zul-Qarnayn) and monstrosity. You can compare 'شاخدار' with more academic terms like 'عاری از حقیقت' (devoid of truth) and choose the right one for the right audience. Your mastery includes knowing the precise emotional weight the word carries when used to debunk a myth or a lie.

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

At the C2 level, you have a native-like grasp of 'شاخدار'. You can use it sarcastically, metaphorically, and in complex wordplay. You understand the deep cultural roots of the 'horned lie' and how it reflects Persian attitudes toward truth and exaggeration. You can engage in discussions about the evolution of the Persian language, noting how the suffix '-dar' transforms nouns into powerful adjectives. You recognize 'شاخدار' in the most obscure literary references and can use it to add a touch of traditional Persian flavor to your own sophisticated discourse.

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

تدرّب عليها أمثلة ملاحظات ونصائح

شاخدار في 30 ثانية

Literally means 'having horns,' used for animals like goats and deer.
Commonly used idiomatically in 'دروغ شاخدار' to mean a blatant, unbelievable lie.
A compound of 'shākh' (horn) and '-dār' (possessing).
Used in mythology to describe demons and supernatural creatures.

The Persian word شاخدار (shākhdār) is a compound adjective that literally translates to 'having horns' or 'horned.' Morphologically, it is composed of the noun شاخ (shākh), meaning 'horn' or 'branch,' and the suffix دار (dār), which is the present stem of the verb داشتن (dāshtan), meaning 'to have' or 'to possess.' In its most literal sense, it describes biological entities such as animals that possess horns, such as goats, rams, or deer. However, the true richness of this word in the Persian language lies in its figurative and idiomatic applications, particularly in colloquial speech and literature.

Biological Description: In zoological contexts, it identifies species characterized by cranial appendages. For example, 'گوزن شاخدار' (horned deer) or 'بز شاخدار' (horned goat). It is a standard descriptive term used in science and nature documentaries.
Idiomatic Usage: The Big Lie: Perhaps the most common use of 'شاخدار' in daily life is the phrase 'دروغ شاخدار' (dorough-e shākhdār). This translates to 'a horned lie,' which is the Persian equivalent of a 'whopper' or a 'blatant lie.' The imagery suggests a lie so massive and absurd that it has grown horns and become a visible, monstrous entity that no one could possibly believe.
Mythological Context: In Persian mythology and folklore, many demons (Divs) are described as 'شاخدار'. This attribute signifies their supernatural and often malevolent nature. It evokes images from the Shahnameh where heroes battle horned beasts.

او همیشه دروغ‌های شاخدار می‌گوید تا توجه دیگران را جلب کند.

Translation: He always tells whopping lies to get others' attention.

Understanding 'شاخدار' requires a grasp of Persian hyperbole. When a Persian speaker calls something 'shākhdār,' they are often pointing out an exaggeration or an absurdity. It isn't just about physical horns; it's about something being 'extra' or 'outlandish.' In modern slang, it can occasionally be used to describe someone who is acting tough or 'horning in' on a situation, though this is less common than the 'lie' idiom. The word carries a certain weight; it is more descriptive than a simple 'big' or 'obvious.' It paints a picture of something that stands out in a grotesque or undeniable way.

Furthermore, the word appears in art and architecture. Persian miniatures often depict 'shākhdār' creatures, representing the struggle between good and evil. The horns are symbols of power, but when applied to a lie, that power becomes ridiculous. This duality—power versus absurdity—is central to the word's personality. Whether you are at a zoo, reading a myth, or listening to a friend exaggerate their weekend, 'شاخدار' is the perfect tool to describe the prominent and the peculiar.

Using شاخدار (shākhdār) correctly depends heavily on whether you are being literal or figurative. As an adjective, it typically follows the noun it modifies, connected by the Ezafe construction (-e). However, in poetic or emphatic speech, this order can shift, though it is rare in modern Persian.

Literal Animal Descriptions: When describing animals, use it as a standard attributive adjective. 'بزهای شاخدار در کوهستان زندگی می‌کنند' (Horned goats live in the mountains). Here, it serves a purely taxonomic purpose.
The Idiomatic 'Lie' Structure: The most common structure is 'دروغ شاخدار'. You can quantify it: 'یک دروغ شاخدار' (A whopping lie) or 'دروغ‌های شاخدار' (Whopping lies). It is often paired with verbs like 'گفتن' (to say/tell) or 'بافتن' (to weave/spin).
Abstract Absurdity: You can use it to describe an event or a claim that is so strange it feels 'horned.' 'اتفاق شاخداری افتاد' (A very strange/unbelievable thing happened). This usage is more common in storytelling.

چرا چنین دروغ شاخداری به من گفتی؟

Translation: Why did you tell me such a whopping lie?

In formal Persian, 'شاخدار' remains acceptable but is often replaced by more precise terms like 'قرن‌دار' (possessing horns - more technical/archaic) or 'دروغ بزرگ' (big lie). However, 'شاخدار' adds a layer of color and cultural resonance that 'بزرگ' (big) lacks. It implies that the lie is not just large, but visibly ridiculous, as if it has grown appendages that make it impossible to hide.

When writing, ensure you don't confuse it with 'شاخه‌دار' (branching/having branches), which is used for trees or complex systems. While they share the root 'شاخ', the meanings are distinct. 'شاخدار' is for horns; 'شاخه‌دار' is for branches. Using 'شاخدار' for a tree would sound like the tree has literal animal horns, which might be a 'دروغ شاخدار' itself!

The word شاخدار (shākhdār) permeates various strata of Persian society, from the playground to the parliament. Its versatility makes it a staple of the language. Here is where you are most likely to encounter it in the wild.

Daily Conversations and Gossip: This is the most frequent habitat for 'شاخدار'. Friends catching each other in an exaggeration will laughingly say, 'عجب دروغ شاخداری!' (What a whopping lie!). It’s used to call out nonsense in a way that is often more humorous than accusatory.
News and Media: Journalists and political commentators use 'دروغ شاخدار' to criticize opposing views or debunk false claims. You might see headlines like 'پاسخ به دروغ‌های شاخدار رسانه‌های بیگانه' (Responding to the whopping lies of foreign media). Here, it carries a more serious, critical tone.
Children's Stories and Cartoons: In the literal sense, children learn the word through animal books. 'تک‌شاخ' (Unicorn - literally 'single horn') is a related concept they encounter early. Monsters and magical creatures in Persian fables are frequently described as 'شاخدار'.

فیلم‌های تخیلی پر از موجودات شاخدار و عجیب هستند.

Translation: Fantasy movies are full of horned and strange creatures.

In the Iranian bazaar or marketplace, you might hear it used sarcastically. If a seller quotes an impossible price, a customer might remark on the 'شاخدار' nature of the deal. It implies that the situation has moved beyond the realm of reality. Furthermore, in historical contexts, 'Zul-Qarnayn' (The Two-Horned One) is a famous figure mentioned in the Quran and often associated with Alexander the Great in Persian literature, reinforcing the 'horned' motif as a symbol of power and world-conquering reach.

Ultimately, 'شاخدار' is a word that bridges the gap between the physical world and the world of human deception. It is vivid, memorable, and deeply embedded in the way Persian speakers perceive and describe the 'unbelievable.' Whether you are reading a biological text or a satirical blog, this word will serve as a lighthouse for identifying things that are prominent, whether by nature or by fabrication.

While شاخدار (shākhdār) is relatively straightforward, learners of Persian often stumble on a few nuances. Avoiding these common pitfalls will make your Persian sound more natural and precise.

Confusing شاخدار with شاخه‌دار: As mentioned before, 'شاخ' can mean 'horn' or 'branch.' However, 'شاخدار' is almost exclusively used for 'horned' (animals/lies). If you want to say a tree is 'branched' or a company has many 'branches,' use 'شاخه‌دار' (shākhe-dār). Saying 'درخت شاخدار' (horned tree) sounds like something out of a horror movie.
Overusing it for 'Big': Learners sometimes think 'شاخدار' just means 'very big.' It doesn't. It specifically means big in the sense of 'unbelievable' or 'grotesque.' You wouldn't say 'ساختمان شاخدار' (horned building) to mean a skyscraper. Use 'بزرگ' or 'عظیم' for physical size.
Misplacing the Ezafe: When using the idiom 'دروغ شاخدار', ensure the Ezafe (-e) is on 'دروغ'. It is 'dorough-e shākhdār'. Some learners forget this and say 'dorough shākhdār', which breaks the grammatical flow of the sentence.

اشتباه: این یک مشکل شاخدار است.

Correction: Unless the problem literally has horns or is an unbelievable lie, use 'بزرگ' (big) or 'پیچیده' (complex) instead.

Another subtle mistake is using 'شاخدار' to describe people. While you can call someone a 'دروغگوی شاخدار' (horned liar), calling a person just 'شاخدار' is nonsensical unless you are describing their physical appearance (e.g., in a costume). It is an attribute of the thing they *say* or the *animal* they are.

Lastly, be careful with the word 'شاخ' (shākh) on its own in modern Iranian slang. To 'shākh shodan' for someone means to act tough or challenge them. This is related to the imagery of a bull lowering its horns, but 'شاخدار' as an adjective doesn't translate directly to 'acting tough.' Stick to its literal and 'lie-related' meanings to stay safe.

To truly master شاخدار (shākhdār), it helps to see it alongside its linguistic cousins. Depending on whether you mean 'horned' or 'unbelievable,' different alternatives might be more appropriate.

قرن‌دار (Qarn-dār): This is a more formal or archaic word for 'horned.' 'Qarn' is the Arabic-derived word for horn. You see this in historical titles like 'Zul-Qarnayn.' In modern daily speech, 'شاخدار' has almost entirely replaced it.
باورنکردنی (Bāvar-nakardani): If you want to say a lie is 'unbelievable' without using the 'horned' imagery, this is your best bet. It means literally 'un-believe-able.' It is more neutral and suitable for formal contexts.
عجیب و غریب (Ajib o Gharib): This phrase means 'strange and weird.' While 'شاخدار' implies a specific type of absurdity (often a lie), 'ajib o gharib' is a broad term for anything unusual. If a situation is weird but not necessarily a lie, use this.
فاحش (Fāhesh): Used for 'blatant' or 'glaring.' Often paired with 'error' (اشتباه فاحش). While 'دروغ شاخدار' is a blatant lie, 'اشتباه فاحش' is a blatant mistake. They share the sense of being impossible to ignore.

مقایسه: دروغ شاخدار (عاميانه) در مقابل کذب محض (رسمی).

Comparison: 'Horned lie' (Colloquial) vs 'Pure falsehood' (Formal).

In the animal kingdom, you might also encounter 'شاخک‌دار' (shākhak-dār), which means 'having antennae' (like an insect). 'Shākhak' is the diminutive of 'shākh.' It's important not to use 'شاخدار' for a butterfly's antennae; that would imply the butterfly has massive ram horns! Similarly, 'تیز' (sharp) is often an associated quality of horns, but 'شاخدار' focuses on the presence of the horn itself, not its sharpness.

By learning these synonyms, you can navigate different social settings. You'll know to use 'شاخدار' with your friends to mock a tall tale, and 'ادعای خلاف واقع' (claim contrary to fact) when writing a formal report. This linguistic flexibility is the hallmark of a B1-level learner and beyond.

How Formal Is It?

حقيقة ممتعة

In Persian, 'shākh' means both 'horn' and 'branch.' This reflects ancient views of antlers being like tree branches.

دليل النطق

UK /ʃɒːxdɒːɾ/

US /ʃɑːxdɑːr/

The stress is typically on the final syllable '-dār'.

يتقافى مع

دیندار (dindār) پولدار (puldār) بچه‌دار (bachchedār) نامدار (nāmdār) بیدار (bidār) دیوار (divār) پایدار (pāydār) رفتار (raftār)

أخطاء شائعة

Pronouncing 'kh' as a simple 'k' or 'h'. It must be the raspy sound from the back of the throat.
Shortening the long 'ā' sounds to 'a' as in 'cat'.
Confusing the pronunciation with 'shākhe-dār' (adding an extra 'e' sound).

مستوى الصعوبة

القراءة 2/5

Easy to recognize if you know 'shākh'.

الكتابة 3/5

Requires correct spelling of 'kh' and 'ā'.

التحدث 3/5

Requires the difficult 'kh' sound.

الاستماع 2/5

Distinctive sound, easy to pick out.

ماذا تتعلّم بعد ذلك

المتطلبات الأساسية

شاخ داشتن حیوان دروغ بزرگ

تعلّم لاحقاً

شاخ درآوردن شاخ‌وشانه کذب فاحش اسطوره

متقدم

قرن‌دار ذوالقرنین شاخک منشعب

قواعد يجب معرفتها

Ezafe Construction

دروغِ شاخدار (The lie of horned -> Horned lie)

Suffix -dār (Possession)

پولدار (having money), شاخدار (having horns)

Adjective Placement

حیوان شاخدار (Adjective follows the noun)

Compound Adjectives

شاخدار is a Noun + Verb Stem compound.

Pluralizing Nouns with Adjectives

حیواناتِ شاخدار (Only the noun is pluralized)

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

أمثلة حسب المستوى

گاو یک حیوان شاخدار است.

The cow is a horned animal.

Simple Subject-Verb-Adjective structure.

بز شاخدار کجاست؟

Where is the horned goat?

Interrogative sentence.

من یک گوزن شاخدار دیدم.

I saw a horned deer.

Past tense verb 'didam'.

آن دیو شاخدار است.

That demon is horned.

Demonstrative pronoun 'ān'.

حیوانات شاخدار بزرگ هستند.

Horned animals are big.

Plural noun with adjective.

این یک کلاه شاخدار است.

This is a horned hat.

Noun phrase with adjective.

آیا این بز شاخدار است؟

Is this goat horned?

Yes/No question.

خرگوش شاخدار وجود ندارد.

A horned rabbit does not exist.

Negative verb 'vojud nadārad'.

در کوهستان، بزهای شاخدار زیادی وجود دارد.

In the mountains, there are many horned goats.

Use of 'ziyādi' (many).

او یک نقاشی از یک موجود شاخدار کشید.

He drew a painting of a horned creature.

Compound verb 'kashidan'.

شاخ‌های این حیوان شاخدار خیلی بلند است.

The horns of this horned animal are very long.

Possessive Ezafe construction.

ما در جنگل یک موجود شاخدار عجیب دیدیم.

We saw a strange horned creature in the forest.

Adjective order: horned then strange.

بعضی از دایناسورها شاخدار بودند.

Some dinosaurs were horned.

Past tense of 'to be'.

او کلاه شاخدار خود را پوشید.

He put on his horned hat.

Reflexive pronoun 'khod'.

حیوان شاخدار به طرف ما آمد.

The horned animal came towards us.

Directional preposition 'be taraf-e'.

این گوسفند شاخدار نیست.

This sheep is not horned.

Negative 'nist'.

حرف‌های او همیشه دروغ‌های شاخدار است.

His words are always whopping lies.

Idiomatic use of 'shākhdār'.

باور نمی‌کنم! این یک دروغ شاخدار است.

I don't believe it! This is a whopping lie.

Exclamatory sentence.

او داستانی شاخدار درباره سفرش تعریف کرد.

He told a 'horned' (incredible/absurd) story about his trip.

Indefinite 'i' on 'dāstān'.

چطور می‌توانی چنین دروغ شاخداری بگویی؟

How can you tell such a whopping lie?

Modal verb 'tavānestan'.

روزنامه پر از خبرهای شاخدار بود.

The newspaper was full of 'horned' (unbelievable) news.

Adjective describing news.

این شایعه واقعاً شاخدار به نظر می‌رسد.

This rumor really seems 'horned' (absurd).

Linking verb 'be nazar residan'.

هیچ‌کس این دروغ شاخدار را باور نمی‌کند.

No one believes this whopping lie.

Negative subject 'hich-kas'.

او با یک دروغ شاخدار سعی کرد فرار کند.

He tried to escape with a whopping lie.

Prepositional phrase 'bā...'

سیاستمداران گاهی دروغ‌های شاخدار می‌گویند.

Politicians sometimes tell whopping lies.

Generalization in present tense.

این ادعا به قدری شاخدار است که نیاز به تکذیب ندارد.

This claim is so 'horned' (absurd) that it doesn't need a denial.

Result clause 'be ghadri... ke'.

در اساطیر ایران، دیوهای شاخدار نماد بدی هستند.

In Iranian mythology, horned demons are symbols of evil.

Locative phrase 'dar asātir-e Irān'.

نویسنده از استعاره‌های شاخدار برای نقد جامعه استفاده کرد.

The author used 'horned' (blatant/absurd) metaphors to criticize society.

Plural with Ezafe.

گزارش تلویزیون درباره موجودات فضایی کاملاً شاخدار بود.

The TV report about aliens was completely 'horned' (unbelievable).

Adverb 'kāmelan' modifying the adjective.

او برای توجیه اشتباهش، یک دروغ شاخدار بافت.

To justify his mistake, he wove a whopping lie.

Infinitive of purpose 'barāye towjih-e'.

مردم از شنیدن این وعده‌های شاخدار خسته شده‌اند.

People are tired of hearing these 'horned' (empty/absurd) promises.

Passive-like construction 'khaste shodan'.

این یک کلاهبرداری شاخدار و آشکار است.

This is a 'horned' (blatant) and obvious scam.

Coordinated adjectives.

ادبیات کلاسیک ما مملو از توصیف پهلوانانی است که با موجودات شاخدار می‌جنگیدند.

Our classical literature is full of descriptions of heroes who fought horned creatures.

Relative clause starting with 'ke'.

برخی منتقدان، این نظریه علمی را یک دروغ شاخدار توصیف کردند.

Some critics described this scientific theory as a whopping lie.

Complex transitive verb 'towsif kardan'.

تصویرسازی‌های شاخدار در هنر مدرن، مرز بین واقعیت و خیال را می‌شکنند.

Horned imagery in modern art breaks the boundary between reality and fantasy.

Abstract subject with plural verb.

او با وقاحت تمام، دروغ‌های شاخداری را در دادگاه مطرح کرد.

With total audacity, he brought up whopping lies in court.

Adverbial phrase 'bā veghāhat-e tamām'.

این پارادوکس شاخدار، ذهن فلاسفه را برای قرن‌ها به خود مشغول کرده است.

This 'horned' (prominent/stubborn) paradox has occupied the minds of philosophers for centuries.

Present perfect tense.

در متون کهن، واژه 'قرن‌دار' به جای 'شاخدار' به کار می‌رفت.

In ancient texts, the word 'qarn-dar' was used instead of 'shakhdar'.

Passive 'be kār miraft'.

او چنان دروغ‌های شاخداری می‌گوید که گویی خودش هم آن‌ها را باور کرده است.

He tells such whopping lies as if he has believed them himself.

Subjunctive mood 'bāvar karde bāshad' implied.

تحلیلگران این ادعای اقتصادی را یک فریب شاخدار برای جلب آرا می‌دانند.

Analysts consider this economic claim a whopping deception to attract votes.

Direct object with 'rā'.

تلفیق نمادهای شاخدار با مفاهیم انتزاعی، لایه‌های معنایی پیچیده‌ای در شعر او ایجاد کرده است.

The fusion of horned symbols with abstract concepts has created complex semantic layers in his poetry.

Nominalization of the subject.

این که او مدعی مالکیت کل جزیره است، دروغی است به غایت شاخدار.

His claim to own the entire island is a lie that is extremely 'horned' (absurd).

Formal adverb 'be ghāyat'.

در بوطیقای او، موجود شاخدار استعاره‌ای از قدرت مهارنشدنی طبیعت است.

In his poetics, the horned creature is a metaphor for the uncontrollable power of nature.

Literary terminology 'butighā'.

او با ظرافتی خاص، دروغ‌های شاخدار خود را در لفافه‌ای از حقایق نیم‌بند می‌پیچد.

With a specific subtlety, he wraps his whopping lies in a shroud of half-truths.

Metaphorical verb 'pichidan'.

پذیرش چنین فرضیه شاخداری، مستلزم نادیده گرفتن تمام شواهد تجربی است.

Accepting such a 'horned' (outlandish) hypothesis requires ignoring all empirical evidence.

Gerund-like subject 'paziresh'.

دیالکتیک میان حقیقت و دروغ‌های شاخدار، بن‌مایه اصلی این رمان فلسفی است.

The dialectic between truth and whopping lies is the main motif of this philosophical novel.

Philosophical vocabulary 'diyālektik'.

او در خاطراتش، به دروغ‌های شاخداری اشاره می‌کند که برای حفظ جانش ناچار به گفتن آن‌ها بود.

In his memoirs, he refers to the whopping lies he was forced to tell to save his life.

Relative clause with 'ke' and 'nāchār'.

تقابل میان انسان و گاو شاخدار در آثار هنری بین‌النهرین، ریشه‌های عمیق تاریخی دارد.

The confrontation between man and the horned bull in Mesopotamian art has deep historical roots.

Historical/Archeological context.

تلازمات شائعة

دروغ شاخدار

بز شاخدار

گوزن شاخدار

دیو شاخدار

موجود شاخدار

کلاه شاخدار

داستان شاخدار

وعده شاخدار

شایعه شاخدار

ادعای شاخدار

العبارات الشائعة

عجب دروغ شاخداری!

— What a whopping lie! Used to express disbelief.

وقتی گفت برنده شده، گفتم: عجب دروغ شاخداری!

دروغ به این شاخداری

— A lie this 'horned' (blatant). Used for emphasis.

دروغ به این شاخداری تا حالا نشنیده بودم.

شاخدار حرف زدن

— To talk in an exaggerated or unbelievable way.

بسه دیگه، اینقدر شاخدار حرف نزن!

قصه شاخدار

— A tall tale or an absurd story.

باز هم قصه شاخدار برای ما تعریف نکن.

حیوانات وحشی شاخدار

— Wild horned animals.

او از حیوانات وحشی شاخدار می‌ترسد.

یک دروغ شاخدار بافتن

— To spin/weave a whopping lie.

او نشست و یک دروغ شاخدار بافت.

باور کردن دروغ شاخدار

— To believe a whopping lie.

چطور آن دروغ شاخدار را باور کردی؟

رد کردن دروغ شاخدار

— To reject/refute a whopping lie.

او با خنده دروغ شاخدار مرا رد کرد.

موجودات عجیب و شاخدار

— Strange and horned creatures.

کتاب پر از تصاویر موجودات عجیب و شاخدار است.

شاخدار و بی‌اساس

— Horned (absurd) and baseless.

این حرف‌ها شاخدار و بی‌اساس هستند.

يُخلط عادةً مع

شاخدار vs شاخه‌دار

Means 'branched' (for trees or logic), not 'horned'.

شاخدار vs شاخک‌دار

Means 'having antennae' (for insects).

شاخدار vs تیز

Means 'sharp'; horns are sharp, but not all sharp things are 'shākhdār'.

تعبيرات اصطلاحية

"دروغ شاخدار"

— A blatant, obvious, and massive lie.

این که می‌گوید پول ندارد، یک دروغ شاخدار است.

Colloquial

"شاخدار بودن (یک ادعا)"

— To be completely unbelievable or absurd.

حرف‌هایش خیلی شاخدار است.

Informal

"شاخ درآوردن"

— To be extremely surprised (literally 'to grow horns' from shock). Related to 'shākh'.

از شنیدن این خبر شاخ درآوردم!

Informal

"دروغ به این شاخداری ندیده بودم"

— I've never seen such a blatant lie.

واقعاً دروغ به این شاخداری ندیده بودم.

Colloquial

"شاخ و شانه کشیدن"

— To threaten or show off power (related to the 'shākh' root).

برای من شاخ و شانه نکش!

Informal

"دیو شاخدار"

— A metaphor for someone very scary or a difficult problem.

این امتحان برایم مثل یک دیو شاخدار است.

Metaphorical

"تک‌شاخ"

— Unicorn (symbol of rarity or fantasy).

پیدا کردن چنین دوستی مثل دیدن تک‌شاخ است.

Literary

"شاخدار کردن پیاز داغ"

— To exaggerate a story (similar to 'adding salt and pepper').

داستان را شاخدار نکن!

Slang

"حرف‌های شاخدار"

— Nonsense or tall tales.

گوشم از این حرف‌های شاخدار پر است.

Informal

"دروغگو شاخدار است؟"

— A rhetorical question mocking a liar (Does a liar have horns?).

می‌گویند دروغگو شاخ ندارد، اما دروغ‌های تو شاخدار است!

Sarcastic

سهل الخلط

شاخدار vs خاردار

Both end in -dār and relate to sharp things.

'Khārdār' means thorny (like a rose), 'shākhdār' means horned.

گل خاردار است، اما گاو شاخدار است.

شاخدار vs تاج‌دار

Both are head appendages.

'Tājdār' means crowned or crested (like a bird).

خروس تاج‌دار است.

شاخدار vs دم‌دار

Common animal description suffix.

'Domdār' means having a tail.

روباه دم‌دار است.

شاخدار vs نیش‌دار

Metaphorical use for words.

'Nishdār' means stinging/sarcastic, 'shākhdār' means unbelievable/absurd.

حرف نیش‌دار قلب را می‌رنجاند.

شاخدار vs ریش‌دار

Rhyming suffix.

'Rishdār' means bearded.

مرد ریش‌دار.

أنماط الجُمل

[Noun] [Adjective] است.

گاو شاخدار است.

من یک [Noun] شاخدار دیدم.

من یک بز شاخدار دیدم.

این یک دروغ شاخدار است.

او دروغ‌های شاخدار می‌گوید.

به قدری شاخدار است که...

این حرف به قدری شاخدار است که کسی باور نمی‌کند.

توصیف [Noun]های شاخدار در [Context].

توصیف دیوهای شاخدار در شاهنامه.

تقابل میان [Concept] و دروغ‌های شاخدار.

تقابل میان حقیقت و دروغ‌های شاخدار.

استفاده از نمادهای شاخدار برای...

استفاده از نمادهای شاخدار برای نشان دادن قدرت.

عائلة الكلمة

الأسماء

شاخ (horn)

شاخک (antenna/small horn)

شاخسار (branches of a tree)

الأفعال

شاخ زدن (to gore/butt with horns)

شاخ درآوردن (to be shocked)

الصفات

بی‌شاخ (hornless)

شاخه‌دار (branched)

تک‌شاخ (one-horned)

مرتبط

گوزن

بز

دروغ

دیو

اسطوره

سجّل مجاناً لرؤية جميع الأمثلة

كيفية الاستخدام

frequency

High in colloquial speech, medium in formal writing.

أخطاء شائعة

Saying 'shākhe-dār' for a goat. → Say 'shākhdār'.
'Shākhe-dār' means branched, like a tree.
Using 'shākhdār' to mean 'sharp'. → Use 'tiz'.
'Shākhdār' is about possession of horns, not the sharpness of an edge.
Forgetting the Ezafe in 'dorough-e shākhdār'. → Always include the '-e'.
Persian adjectives require an Ezafe link to the noun.
Using 'shākhdār' for a very tall building. → Use 'boland' or 'mortafa'.
'Shākhdār' implies absurdity, not just physical height.
Pluralizing 'shākhdār' when the noun is plural. → Keep it 'shākhdār'.
Adjectives in Persian do not change for number.

نصائح

The Horned Lie

Visualize a lie growing horns like a monster. It's too big to hide!

The -dār Suffix

Learn '-dār' as 'possessor of.' It works for many words like 'puldār' (rich) and 'nāmdār' (famous).

Persian Humor

Using 'shākhdār' shows you understand Persian sarcasm and hyperbole.

The 'Kh' Sound

Practice the 'kh' in 'shākh' by clearing your throat gently.

Animal Names

Pair 'shākhdār' with 'boz' (goat) or 'gav' (cow) to practice basic descriptions.

Ezafe

Always remember the '-e' sound between the noun and 'shākhdār'.

Context Clues

If the topic is politics, 'shākhdār' almost always refers to a lie.

Vivid Imagery

Use 'shākhdār' to make your descriptions more vivid than just using 'bozorg' (big).

Compound Review

Review other '-dār' words to see the pattern in Persian adjectives.

The Whopper Challenge

Tell a short story in Persian using 'shākhdār' at least twice.

احفظها

وسيلة تذكّر

Think of a lie so big it grows SHARP HORNS (SHAKH-DAR). It's hard to hide a horned lie!

ربط بصري

Imagine a goat telling a story, and as it lies, its horns get bigger and bigger like Pinocchio's nose.

Word Web

شاخ دار دروغ بز گوزن دیو بزرگ عجیب

تحدٍّ

Try to use 'دروغ شاخدار' in a sentence about a politician or a funny friend today.

أصل الكلمة

Derived from Middle Persian 'shāg' (horn/branch). The suffix '-dār' comes from the Old Persian 'dāray-', meaning 'to hold' or 'to possess.'

المعنى الأصلي: Possessing a horn or a branch-like appendage.

Indo-European (Indo-Iranian branch).

السياق الثقافي

Calling someone's story 'shakhdar' is informal and can be slightly offensive if used in a serious or formal context. Use with friends.

Similar to 'a whopping lie' or 'a tall tale.'

The White Demon (Div-e Sepid) in Shahnameh Zul-Qarnayn (The Two-Horned) in the Quran Modern Iranian satirical columns often titled 'Dorough-e Shakhdar'.

تدرّب في الحياة الواقعية

سياقات واقعية

Zoo/Nature

حیوان شاخدار
بز شاخدار
گوزن شاخدار
شاخدار و خطرناک

Socializing

دروغ شاخدار
داستان شاخدار
حرف شاخدار
عجب دروغ شاخداری!

Mythology

دیو شاخدار
موجود شاخدار
تک‌شاخ
نیروی شاخدار

Politics

وعده شاخدار
شایعه شاخدار
ادعای شاخدار
تکذیب دروغ شاخدار

Art/History

نقش شاخدار
کلاه شاخدار
تندیس شاخدار
نماد شاخدار

بدايات محادثة

"تا حالا یک دروغ شاخدار شنیدی؟ (Have you ever heard a whopping lie?)"

"کدام حیوان شاخدار را بیشتر دوست داری؟ (Which horned animal do you like most?)"

"آیا به موجودات شاخدار در افسانه‌ها باور داری؟ (Do you believe in horned creatures in myths?)"

"چرا بعضی‌ها دروغ‌های شاخدار می‌گویند؟ (Why do some people tell whopping lies?)"

"در فرهنگ شما، دروغ شاخدار چه معنایی دارد؟ (What does a 'horned lie' mean in your culture?)"

مواضيع للكتابة اليومية

درباره زمانی بنویسید که یک دروغ شاخدار شنیدید و واکنش شما چه بود. (Write about a time you heard a whopping lie and what your reaction was.)

توصیف یک موجود شاخدار خیالی که در جنگل زندگی می‌کند. (Describe an imaginary horned creature that lives in the forest.)

چرا واژه 'شاخ' برای توصیف دروغ استفاده می‌شود؟ (Why is the word 'horn' used to describe a lie?)

تفاوت بین یک دروغ کوچک و یک دروغ شاخدار چیست؟ (What is the difference between a small lie and a whopping lie?)

نقش حیوانات شاخدار در طبیعت و اهمیت آن‌ها. (The role of horned animals in nature and their importance.)

الأسئلة الشائعة

10 أسئلة

No, it literally means 'horned.' It only means a lie when paired with 'دروغ' (dorough) or used in a context implying absurdity.

It's better to use 'shākhedār.' Using 'shākhdār' for a tree sounds like the tree has animal horns.

It is informal and skeptical. In a serious argument, it might be seen as calling someone a liar directly, so use it carefully.

The word is 'bi-shākh' (without horns).

It is 'tak-shākh' (single-horn).

Yes, to describe mythical beasts or powerful creatures.

No, use 'tiz' for sharp. 'Shākhdār' is only for things that have actual horns.

The imagery suggests a lie so big it has grown noticeable, monstrous parts.

Yes, 'کذب محض' (pure falsehood) or 'ادعای بی‌اساس' (baseless claim).

Usually no, unless you mean they are wearing horns. You can say 'دروغگوی شاخدار' (a whopping liar).

سجّل مجاناً للنصائح والملاحظات