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B2 verb 10 دقيقة للقراءة

تورم زدن

tavarom zadan
أمثلة تورم زدن في 30 ثانية
الشرح تورم زدن in your Level:
At the A1 level, the concept of 'inflation' (Tavarrom) might be a bit advanced, but you can understand it as 'everything becoming very expensive.' The word 'Tavarrom' means 'swelling.' Think of a balloon getting bigger—that is what happens to prices. You don't need to use the full verb 'Tavarrom Zadan' yet. Just remember that 'Tavarrom' is why your bread or milk costs more today than it did last year. In simple Persian, we usually say 'Geraan' (expensive). If you hear 'Tavarrom,' just think: 'Oh, prices are going up!' You can say 'Hame chiz geraan ast' (Everything is expensive). This is the foundation for understanding how the Persian economy is described by native speakers.
سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل
At the A2 level, you start to learn compound verbs using 'Zadan' (to hit). You might know 'Harf Zadan' (to speak). 'Tavarrom Zadan' is similar in structure. It means 'inflation hit.' You can use this to talk about the market. For example, 'Bāzār geraan shod chon tavarrom zad' (The market became expensive because inflation hit). You are beginning to see that in Persian, we use the word 'hit' to describe many things happening suddenly. At this level, focus on the fact that 'Tavarrom' is a noun (inflation) and 'Zadan' is the action. It helps you understand news headlines even if you don't know every single word in the sentence.
سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل
At the B1 level, you can use 'Tavarrom Zadan' to explain why things are changing in society. You understand that it’s not just about one shop raising prices, but a general economic problem. You can start using the preposition 'be' (to) with this verb: 'Be gheymat-ha tavarrom zad' (Inflation hit the prices). This shows a higher level of grammar. You also realize that 'Tavarrom' comes from a root meaning 'to swell,' which is a helpful mnemonic. You can participate in simple conversations about the cost of living in Iran or your own country using this term to sound more professional than just using 'expensive.'
سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل
At the B2 level, you should use 'Tavarrom Zadan' to describe the impact of economic policies. You understand the nuance that 'Zadan' implies a strike or an onset, often involuntary. You can discuss how inflation 'hits' different sectors like housing (maskan) or cars (khodro). You are also aware of the past participle 'tavarrom-zade' (inflation-stricken) and can use it as an adjective to describe the economy. Your sentences should be more complex, linking the cause (like liquidity or sanctions) to the effect using this verb. This is the level where you move from basic communication to nuanced economic discussion.
At the C1 level, you use 'Tavarrom Zadan' with precision and style. You understand its metaphorical weight—how it frames inflation as a pathological condition affecting the 'body' of the economy. You can contrast this verb with more formal terms like 'tavarrom-zaayi' or 'rakood-e tavarromi' (stagflation). You are comfortable using it in debates, editorials, or high-level business meetings to emphasize the disruptive nature of price increases. You also recognize the word's occurrence in literature or socio-political commentary, understanding that it carries a sense of collective hardship and systemic failure.
سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل
At the C2 level, you have a masterly grasp of the verb's register and connotations. You can use 'Tavarrom Zadan' to evoke specific emotional responses or to critique the structural flaws of a fiscal system. You understand the historical context of inflation in Iran and how the language has evolved to describe it. You can play with the verb in sophisticated wordplay or use it in academic writing to describe transmission mechanisms of economic shocks. You are indistinguishable from a native speaker in how you deploy this term to analyze complex global and local economic phenomena.
سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل
أمثلة

تورم زدن في 30 ثانية

  • A verb meaning to cause or be hit by inflation.
  • Combines 'Tavarrom' (swelling/inflation) with 'Zadan' (to hit).
  • Used to describe economic shocks and rising prices.
  • Common in news, bazaars, and daily Iranian life.

The Persian verb تورم زدن (Tavarrom Zadan) is a fascinating linguistic construct that blends a formal economic noun with a highly versatile light verb. To understand this term, one must first dissect its components. The word Tavarrom originates from the Arabic root meaning 'to swell' or 'to become tumid.' In a medical context, it refers to an actual physical swelling or edema. In an economic context, it describes the 'swelling' of prices and the subsequent bloating of the money supply that reduces purchasing power. The second part, Zadan, literally means 'to hit,' 'to strike,' or 'to apply.' When combined, تورم زدن suggests a sudden onset or a 'striking' of inflationary pressure upon a market, a currency, or a specific sector. While formal texts might prefer تورم ایجاد کردن (to create inflation), the phrase تورم زدن is often used to describe the phenomenon as an external force that has 'hit' the economy, much like a blight hits a crop or a disease hits a body.

Economic Context
This term is used when discussing the macro-environmental factors that lead to the devaluation of the Rial. It implies an active, often destructive, process where the value of labor is eroded by the rising cost of goods.
Colloquial Nuance
In the bazaar, you might hear merchants use this to describe a sudden price jump that feels like a 'strike' to their business model, making it difficult to restock inventory.

متأسفانه سیاست‌های پولی غلط به بدنه اقتصاد تورم زده است و قدرت خرید مردم کاهش یافته است.

Translation: Unfortunately, wrong monetary policies have struck the body of the economy with inflation, and people's purchasing power has decreased.

The usage of Zadan here is similar to how Persians say آفت زدن (Afat Zadan) – when pests strike a garden. It frames inflation not just as a statistical increase, but as a parasitic or damaging event that occurs to a system. This nuance is vital for B2 learners who are moving beyond simple vocabulary and into the metaphorical conceptualization of the Persian language. When you use this verb, you are portraying inflation as an active agent of change, often with a negative or involuntary connotation for the subjects involved.

وقتی نقدینگی بدون پشتوانه رشد کند، حتماً به بازار مسکن تورم می‌زند.

Translation: When liquidity grows without backing, it will definitely strike the housing market with inflation.

Furthermore, the verb can be conjugated in various tenses to show the progression of economic distress. In the past tense, تورم زد (Tavarrom Zad) indicates a completed shock to the system. In the future, تورم خواهد زد (Tavarrom Khaahad Zad) serves as a warning from economists. For a learner at the B2 level, mastering this verb allows for more sophisticated commentary on social and economic issues, moving away from the simplistic همه چیز گران شد (everything became expensive) to a more systemic understanding of how and why prices changed.

Metaphorical Roots
Think of 'Zadan' as the spark. The inflation (swelling) is the result of that spark hitting the dry wood of the economy.

Note: While 'Tavarrom Zadan' is expressive, in highly formal academic papers, you will more frequently see 'Tavarrom-zaayi' (inflation-generation) or 'Afzayesh-e Tavarrom' (increase of inflation).

Using تورم زدن correctly requires an understanding of Persian light verb syntax. The noun Tavarrom acts as the base, while Zadan carries the grammatical weight of tense, person, and mood. Because Zadan is a transitive verb in its primary form but often functions intransitively or semi-transitively in compound verbs, the sentence structure can vary depending on whether you are saying inflation 'hit' a specific sector or if the economy 'became' inflated.

بخش خدمات بیشترین آسیب را دید وقتی موج جدید تورم زد.

Translation: The service sector saw the most damage when the new wave of inflation struck.

When constructing sentences, pay close attention to the preposition به (be - to/at). Often, we say inflation 'hit TO' a sector. For example, به قیمت‌ها تورم زد (Inflation hit the prices). This emphasizes the target of the economic pressure. If you are speaking about the cause, you might use the causative form تورم‌زایی کردن, but تورم زدن remains the preferred choice for describing the impact as an event. Consider the following structural variations:

Subject-Verb Agreement
The subject is usually the economic condition or the 'wave' (mowj). 'این سیاست به بازار تورم می‌زند' (This policy strikes the market with inflation).
Passive Nuance
While not a true passive, saying 'اقتصاد تورم‌زده شده است' (The economy has become inflation-stricken) uses the past participle of the verb to describe a state of being.

In more complex sentences, you can use the verb to link cause and effect. For instance, 'The increase in the price of fuel تورم زد to the transportation sector.' This shows a direct transmission of cost. Learners should practice using this verb with different sectors: مسکن (housing), خوراک (food), پوشاک (clothing), and ارز (foreign currency). By doing so, you build a vocabulary web that is essential for discussing modern Iranian life or any inflationary environment.

اگر دولت هزینه‌ها را کنترل نکند، دوباره به نرخ ارز تورم خواهد زد.

Translation: If the government does not control expenses, inflation will strike the exchange rate again.

Finally, consider the register. While تورم زدن is acceptable in journalism and standard speech, it carries a slightly more dramatic tone than the clinical افزایش یافتن (to increase). It suggests that the increase was not a slow, natural adjustment, but a painful blow to the consumer's wallet. This 'pain' is inherent in the verb Zadan, which is why it resonates so strongly in contemporary Persian discourse.

You will encounter تورم زدن in a variety of settings, ranging from nightly news broadcasts to heated arguments in a shared taxi. In Iran, economic fluctuations are a primary concern for all social classes, making this verb a staple of public discourse. On television programs like 'Pāyesh' (Monitoring) or during the economic segment of the 21:00 news, analysts use this term to describe the 'shock' (shok) of price changes. They might say, 'The sudden removal of subsidies be bāzār tavarrom zad' (struck the market with inflation).

News & Media
Headlines often use the past participle: 'اقتصادِ تورم‌زده' (The inflation-stricken economy). This describes a state where the 'strike' has already occurred and the effects are lingering.
The Bazaar & Markets
Merchants use it to explain why their prices have changed. 'آقا، تورم زده، ما هم مجبوریم گران کنیم' (Sir, inflation has struck, we are also forced to raise prices).

در اخبار شنیدم که تحریم‌های جدید دوباره به قیمت خودرو تورم زده است.

Translation: I heard in the news that the new sanctions have struck the price of cars with inflation again.

In academic circles, while تورم‌زایی (inflation-generation) is the technical term for the 'creation' of inflation, تورم زدن is used to describe the transmission mechanism. A professor might lecture on how 'imported inflation' (tavarrom-e vāredāti) strikes the domestic market. Here, the verb highlights the external nature of the economic pressure. It is also frequently found in social media commentary and editorials in newspapers like 'Donya-e-Eqtesad,' where writers critique fiscal policies that 'strike' the poor with inflation.

Interestingly, you might also hear this in a medical context, though it's less common today. In older Persian or specific dialects, تورم زدن could mean a part of the body has swollen up due to injury. However, in 99% of modern contexts, it is strictly economic. If you are in Tehran and you see people gathering around a currency exchange board (Sarrāfi), the conversations will inevitably involve this verb. It is a word that carries the weight of anxiety, survival, and the constant negotiation of value in a volatile world.

One of the most frequent errors English speakers make when using تورم زدن is confusing it with the simple adjective Geraan (expensive). While 'expensive' describes a state, تورم زدن describes a systemic process. You cannot say 'This apple has inflation-struck' (این سیب تورم زده) to mean it's expensive; rather, you would say 'Inflation has struck the fruit market' (به بازار میوه تورم زده است). The verb applies to markets, economies, and price indices, not usually to individual small items in isolation unless you are speaking metaphorically about the 'price' of that item being hit by a wider trend.

Mistake: Using 'Zadan' as 'Making'
Learners often try to say 'The government made inflation' using 'Zadan'. Correct: 'دولت تورم ایجاد کرد' (The government created inflation). Use 'Zadan' to describe the *impact* or the *event* of it hitting.
Mistake: Subject-Object Confusion
Don't say 'The people struck inflation'. It is 'Inflation struck the people' (تورم به مردم زد).

Another common pitfall is the conjugation of Zadan. Because it is one of the most common light verbs in Persian, learners often over-apply it. Do not use تورم زدن when you simply mean 'prices went up' (قیمت‌ها بالا رفت). Tavarrom is a specific economic term. Using it for every price hike makes you sound like an economics textbook rather than a natural speaker. Reserve تورم زدن for discussions about the economy as a whole or when a specific sector is experiencing a broad, systemic rise in costs.

اشتباه: این کفش‌ها تورم زده‌اند.
درست: این کفش‌ها گران شده‌اند چون به بازار پوشاک تورم زده است.

Correction: Don't say the shoes are inflation-struck. Say the shoes are expensive because inflation struck the clothing market.

Lastly, be careful with the preposition به. In English, we say 'Inflation hit the market.' In Persian, the 'to' (be) is often essential: به بازار تورم زد. Omitting the be can sometimes change the rhythm of the sentence and make it sound incomplete to a native ear. Practice the flow of 'Noun + be + Target + Tavarrom + Zadan' to sound more natural.

While تورم زدن is highly descriptive, there are several other ways to express similar concepts depending on the level of formality and the specific economic nuance you wish to convey. Understanding these alternatives will help you navigate different social registers in Iran, from academic seminars to casual family dinners.

تورم‌زایی (Tavarrom-zaayi)
This is a noun/verb combination meaning 'inflation-generating.' It is used primarily in political and economic critiques. 'سیاست‌های تورم‌زا' means 'inflationary policies.'
گرانی (Geraani)
The most common word for 'expensiveness' or 'high prices.' If you want to talk about the result of inflation on your daily life, use this. 'گرانی بیداد می‌کند' (High prices are rampant).
کاهش ارزش پول (Kaahesh-e Arzesh-e Pool)
Literally 'reduction in the value of money.' This is the academic way to describe the effect of inflation. It is formal and precise.

به جای گفتن «تورم زد»، در مقالات رسمی از واژه «افزایش نرخ تورم» استفاده می‌شود.

Note: Instead of 'inflation struck,' formal articles use 'increase in the inflation rate.'

Another interesting alternative is حبابی شدن (Hobaabi shodan), which means 'becoming bubbly' or 'forming a bubble.' This is used when price increases are seen as artificial or unsustainable, particularly in the stock market or real estate. While تورم زدن suggests a broad economic strike, حباب suggests a specific, fragile peak. Also, consider سرسام‌آور (Sarsaam-aavar), an adjective meaning 'staggering' or 'mind-boggling,' often paired with prices: قیمت‌های سرسام‌آور.

In summary, choose your words based on your audience. Use تورم زدن when you want to emphasize the sudden, impactful, or 'striking' nature of economic change. Use گرانی for everyday complaints, and stick to افزایش تورم for your university essays or business presentations. Mastering these distinctions marks the transition from an intermediate learner to a truly proficient Persian speaker.

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

أمثلة حسب المستوى

1

تورم یعنی همه چیز گران است.

Inflation means everything is expensive.

Simple definition using 'is' (ast).

2

نان به دلیل تورم گران شد.

Bread became expensive because of inflation.

Using 'be dalil-e' (because of).

3

آیا در کشور شما تورم هست؟

Is there inflation in your country?

Basic question structure.

4

من تورم را دوست ندارم.

I do not like inflation.

Direct object with 'ra'.

5

قیمت‌ها با تورم بالا می‌روند.

Prices go up with inflation.

Present continuous concept.

6

تورم برای مردم بد است.

Inflation is bad for the people.

Simple adjective use.

7

امروز درباره تورم حرف زدیم.

Today we talked about inflation.

Past tense of 'talk'.

8

پول کم است چون تورم زیاد است.

Money is little because inflation is much.

Contrast between 'little' and 'much'.

1

دوباره به بازار تورم زد.

Inflation hit the market again.

Compound verb 'Tavarrom Zad'.

2

وقتی تورم می‌زند، زندگی سخت می‌شود.

When inflation hits, life becomes hard.

Present tense 'mizanad'.

3

چرا به قیمت گوشت تورم زد؟

Why did inflation hit the price of meat?

Question with 'chera'.

4

دولت نگران است که تورم بزند.

The government is worried that inflation might hit.

Subjunctive mood 'bezanad'.

5

پارسال به اقتصاد ما تورم زد.

Last year, inflation hit our economy.

Past tense with time marker.

6

او می‌گوید که تورم خواهد زد.

He says that inflation will hit.

Future tense 'khahad zad'.

7

ما نباید اجازه دهیم تورم بزند.

We should not allow inflation to hit.

Modal verb 'nabayad'.

8

تورم زده و همه چیز گران شده است.

Inflation has hit and everything has become expensive.

Present perfect 'zade'.

1

افزایش نقدینگی به کل اقتصاد تورم زد.

The increase in liquidity struck the whole economy with inflation.

Subject is 'afzayesh-e naghdingi'.

2

اگر تحریم‌ها ادامه یابند، باز هم تورم می‌زند.

If sanctions continue, inflation will strike again.

Conditional sentence Type 1.

3

بانک مرکزی تلاش می‌کند جلوی تورم زدن را بگیرد.

The Central Bank is trying to prevent inflation from hitting.

Gerund-like use of 'Zadan'.

4

به نظر می‌رسد به بخش مسکن تورم زده است.

It seems that inflation has hit the housing sector.

Impersonal 'be nazar miresad'.

5

مردم از اینکه مدام تورم می‌زند خسته شده‌اند.

People are tired of inflation constantly hitting.

Using 'az inke' (of the fact that).

6

این سیاست غلط به سفره مردم تورم زد.

This wrong policy struck the people's table (livelihood) with inflation.

Metaphorical use of 'sofreh'.

7

آیا فکر می‌کنید امسال هم تورم می‌زند؟

Do you think inflation will hit this year too?

Opinion question.

8

قبل از اینکه تورم بزند، باید خرید کنیم.

We should shop before inflation hits.

Conjunction 'ghabl az inke'.

1

ناپایداری سیاسی معمولاً به نرخ ارز تورم می‌زند.

Political instability usually strikes the exchange rate with inflation.

Adverb 'mamoolan' (usually).

2

اقتصاددانان هشدار دادند که کسری بودجه به بازار تورم خواهد زد.

Economists warned that the budget deficit will strike the market with inflation.

Reported speech.

3

به محض اینکه قیمت بنزین بالا رفت، به حمل و نقل تورم زد.

As soon as the price of gasoline went up, inflation hit transportation.

Time clause 'be mahz-e inke'.

4

کشورهای در حال توسعه بیشتر در معرض تورم زدن هستند.

Developing countries are more exposed to inflation hitting.

Phrase 'dar maraz-e' (exposed to).

5

تورم زده به تمام لایه‌های جامعه و فشار آورده است.

Inflation has hit all layers of society and brought pressure.

Present perfect with multiple verbs.

6

بدون تولید ملی، هر شوکی به اقتصاد تورم می‌زند.

Without national production, any shock strikes the economy with inflation.

Negative condition 'bedoon-e'.

7

او با تحلیل‌هایش نشان داد که چگونه تورم می‌زند.

He showed with his analyses how inflation hits.

Relative clause 'chegooneh'.

8

بسیاری از مشاغل به دلیل تورم زدن تعطیل شدند.

Many businesses were closed because of inflation hitting.

Passive voice 'ta'til shodand'.

1

ساختار بیمار اقتصاد باعث شده که با هر بهانه‌ای تورم بزند.

The sick structure of the economy has caused inflation to hit with any excuse.

Causative structure 'ba'es shodeh ke'.

2

تورم زدن به کالاهای اساسی، امنیت غذایی را به خطر می‌اندازد.

Inflation hitting basic goods endangers food security.

Complex subject phrase.

3

تحلیلگران معتقدند که نوسانات جهانی به بازارهای داخلی تورم زده است.

Analysts believe that global fluctuations have struck domestic markets with inflation.

Formal verb 'mo'taghedand'.

4

پیامدهای تورم زدن فراتر از مسائل مالی است و به روان جامعه آسیب می‌زند.

The consequences of inflation hitting go beyond financial issues and damage the society's psyche.

Abstract noun 'payamad-ha'.

5

دولت باید مکانیسم‌هایی تعبیه کند تا از تورم زدن ناگهانی جلوگیری شود.

The government must install mechanisms to prevent sudden inflation hitting.

Subjunctive passive 'jologiri shavad'.

6

هر بار که نقدینگی مهار نشود، غول تورم به سفره‌ها می‌زند.

Every time liquidity is not restrained, the giant of inflation strikes the tables (livelihoods).

Metaphorical subject 'ghool-e tavarrom'.

7

وابستگی به واردات باعث شده که تورم جهانی به سرعت به ما بزند.

Dependence on imports has caused global inflation to hit us quickly.

Adverbial phrase 'be sor'at'.

8

اقتصاد تورم‌زده نیازمند جراحی‌های عمیق و ساختاری است.

An inflation-stricken economy requires deep and structural surgeries.

Participial adjective 'tavarrom-zade'.

1

در یک چرخه معیوب، کسری بودجه مداوم به پیکره نحیف تولید تورم می‌زند.

In a vicious cycle, constant budget deficits strike the frail body of production with inflation.

Highly descriptive adjectives 'ma'yoob' and 'nahif'.

2

اینکه بگوییم فقط عوامل خارجی تورم زده‌اند، ساده‌انگاری است.

To say that only external factors have struck inflation is a simplification.

Substantive clause 'Inke begooyim'.

3

تورم زدن به دارایی‌های ثابت، شکاف طبقاتی را به شکلی بی‌سابقه عمیق کرده است.

Inflation hitting fixed assets has deepened the class gap in an unprecedented way.

Complex resultative clause.

4

روانشناسی انتظار باعث می‌شود حتی پیش از وقوع بحران، تورم به بازار بزند.

The psychology of expectation causes inflation to hit the market even before the crisis occurs.

Abstract subject 'ravanshenasi-ye entezar'.

5

سیاست‌گذاران با نادیده گرفتن هشدارهای پولی، عملاً به معیشت مردم تورم زدند.

Policymakers, by ignoring monetary warnings, practically struck the people's livelihood with inflation.

Gerund phrase 'ba nadideh gereftan'.

6

تجربه تاریخی نشان می‌دهد که تورم زدن افسارگسیخته می‌تواند به فروپاشی اجتماعی بینجامد.

Historical experience shows that unbridled inflation hitting can lead to social collapse.

Conditional result with 'mi-tavanad'.

7

تأثیرات روانی تورم زدن بر اعتماد عمومی، غیرقابل جبران به نظر می‌رسد.

The psychological effects of inflation hitting on public trust seem irreparable.

Formal adjective 'gheyr-e-ghabel-e-jobran'.

8

در غیاب انضباط مالی، تورم به مثابه یک مالیات پنهان به جیب فقرا می‌زند.

In the absence of fiscal discipline, inflation strikes the pockets of the poor like a hidden tax.

Simile 'be masabeh-ye'.

تلازمات شائعة

موج تورم
نرخ تورم
مهار تورم
تورم افسارگسیخته
تورم تک‌رقمی
تورم وارداتی
فشار تورم
تورم‌زده
پیش‌بینی تورم
ریشه تورم

العبارات الشائعة

تورم بیداد می‌کند

— Inflation is rampant/out of control.

در این بازار، تورم بیداد می‌کند.

کمر مردم زیر بار تورم شکست

— The people's backs broke under the weight of inflation.

با این تورم، کمر مردم شکسته است.

تورم دو رقمی

— Double-digit inflation.

سال‌هاست که تورم دو رقمی داریم.

سفره مردم کوچک شد

— People's livelihoods (tables) shrank (due to inflation).

به خاطر تورم، سفره مردم کوچک شده است.

تورم انتظاری

— Expected inflation (psychological).

تورم انتظاری باعث گرانی بیشتر شد.

غول تورم

— The giant/monster of inflation.

غول تورم همه چیز را بلعید.

مهار غول تورم

— Taming the monster of inflation.

مهار غول تورم کار آسانی نیست.

تورم لحظه‌ای

— Moment-by-moment inflation (very fast).

قیمت‌ها تورم لحظه‌ای دارند.

اقتصاد بیمار و تورم‌زده

— A sick and inflation-stricken economy.

ما با یک اقتصاد بیمار و تورم‌زده روبرو هستیم.

شوک تورمی

— Inflationary shock.

شوک تورمی به بازار ارز آسیب زد.

تعبيرات اصطلاحية

"پول علف خرس شده"

— Money has become worthless/plentiful but useless (often said during hyperinflation).

با این تورم، پول علف خرس شده است.

Informal
"دستمان به دهانمان نمی‌رسد"

— We can't make ends meet (often due to inflation).

از وقتی تورم زد، دیگر دستمان به دهانمان نمی‌رسد.

Colloquial
"کلاه کسی را برداشتن"

— To cheat someone (merchants might do this during inflation).

در زمان تورم، بعضی‌ها سر مردم کلاه می‌گذارند.

Slang
"آت"
سجّل مجاناً لرؤية جميع الأمثلة

محتوى ذو صلة

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