B2 · فوق المتوسط فصل 47

Advanced Causatives

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ما ستتعلمه

Covers 'memper-' and 'diper-' structures. Explains complex causative relationships.

نصائح وحيل (4)

🎯

The Adjective Shortcut

If you're not sure whether to add '-kan', check if the base is an adjective. If it is, 99% of the time you don't need '-kan'.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Memper- Causative
🎯

The Adjective Rule

When using diper- with an adjective, stop there! Don't add -kan. 'Diperbesar' is perfect; 'diperbesarkan' is overkill.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Diper- Causative
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Check Transitivity

Always check if the verb is transitive before adding -kan.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Complex Causative Relationships
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The Favor Rule

Whenever you ask someone to do something for you, add '-kan' to the verb. It sounds much more polite and natural.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Causative Nuances

تدريب سريع (10)

Which sentence is grammatically correct?

Choose the correct sentence:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Dia mempelajari bahasa Jepang.
The 'r' in memper- changes to 'l' for the base 'ajar'.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Memper- Causative

Fill in the blank.

Pemerintah ___ (laku) aturan baru.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: memberlakukan
Causative of laku.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Complex Causative Relationships

Fill in the blank.

Saya ___ (jatuh) buku itu.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: menjatuhkan
Needs causative suffix.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Complex Causative Relationships

Choose the correct suffix.

Dia ___ (banjir) lantai.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: membanjiri
Locative suffix.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Complex Causative Relationships

Fill in the blank with the correct form of 'baik'.

Mesin yang rusak itu sedang ___ oleh teknisi.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: diperbaiki
The root 'baik' requires the suffix -i with diper- to mean 'to be fixed'.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Diper- Causative

Fill in the blank with the correct form of 'besar'.

Kita harus ___ (memper-) foto ini agar terlihat jelas.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: memperbesar
Adjectives do not take -kan with memper-.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Memper- Causative

Find the error in the sentence.

Find and fix the mistake:

Masalah itu diperumitkan oleh keadaan.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: diperumitkan
It should be 'diperumit'. Adding -kan to the adjective root 'rumit' is redundant.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Diper- Causative

Which one is correct for 'to fix'?

Mobil itu sedang ___.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: diperbaiki
Memperbaiki (active) becomes diperbaiki (passive).

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Causative Nuances

Fix the sentence.

Find and fix the mistake:

Saya beli dia kopi.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Saya membelikan dia kopi
Needs benefactive suffix.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Complex Causative Relationships

Correct the error in this sentence: 'Saya ingin memperkenal teman saya.'

Find and fix the mistake:

Saya ingin memperkenal teman saya.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: memperkenalkan
The verb 'kenal' requires the -kan suffix.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Memper- Causative

Score: /10

أسئلة شائعة (6)

This is a unique morphophonemic exception in Indonesian. The 'r' changes to 'l' only for this specific root.
Yes, almost any adjective can take 'memper-' to mean 'to make more [adj]'.
'Dibesarkan' often means 'to be raised' (like a child), while 'diperbesar' specifically means 'to be made larger' in size or scale.
No, 'diper-' is primarily used with adjectives (to increase quality) and nouns (to show treatment). It only works with specific verb roots like 'kenal' (diperkenalkan).
-kan is for the object, -i is for the location.
No, only with verbs that can be transitive.
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Honorifics and Social Levels
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Stylistic Variations
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