B2 · 中高级 章节 47

Advanced Causatives

4 总规则
1 分钟
本章规则 快速练习

你将学到什么

Covers 'memper-' and 'diper-' structures. Explains complex causative relationships.

技巧与窍门 (4)

🎯

The Adjective Shortcut

If you're not sure whether to add '-kan', check if the base is an adjective. If it is, 99% of the time you don't need '-kan'.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Memper- Causative
🎯

The Adjective Rule

When using diper- with an adjective, stop there! Don't add -kan. 'Diperbesar' is perfect; 'diperbesarkan' is overkill.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Diper- Causative
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Check Transitivity

Always check if the verb is transitive before adding -kan.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Complex Causative Relationships
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The Favor Rule

Whenever you ask someone to do something for you, add '-kan' to the verb. It sounds much more polite and natural.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Causative Nuances

快速练习 (10)

Find the error in the sentence.

Find and fix the mistake:

Masalah itu diperumitkan oleh keadaan.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: diperumitkan
It should be 'diperumit'. Adding -kan to the adjective root 'rumit' is redundant.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Diper- Causative

Which one is correct for 'to fix'?

Mobil itu sedang ___.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: diperbaiki
Memperbaiki (active) becomes diperbaiki (passive).

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Causative Nuances

Choose the correct form.

Dia ___ (tanam) bunga di kebun.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: menanami
Locative suffix.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Complex Causative Relationships

Choose the correct suffix for: 'Ibu ___ (masak) nasi untuk ayah.'

Ibu me-masak-___ nasi untuk ayah.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: kan
This is a benefactive action (cooking *for* someone), which requires -kan.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Causative Nuances

Fill in the blank: 'Polisi ___ (tanya) saksi itu.'

Polisi menanyai___ saksi itu.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: i
Menanyai implies a repeated or directed action at a person (the target).

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Causative Nuances

Correct the error in this sentence: 'Saya ingin memperkenal teman saya.'

Find and fix the mistake:

Saya ingin memperkenal teman saya.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: memperkenalkan
The verb 'kenal' requires the -kan suffix.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Memper- Causative

Fill in the blank.

Pemerintah ___ (laku) aturan baru.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: memberlakukan
Causative of laku.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Complex Causative Relationships

Correct the error in this sentence: 'Saya memasukkan kamar tidur.'

Find and fix the mistake:

Saya memasukkan kamar tidur.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Saya memasuki kamar tidur.
You enter a place (-i), you don't 'put the room in' (-kan).

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Causative Nuances

Choose the best word for 'to share a post'.

Jangan lupa ___ postingan ini.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: bagikan
Bagikan is the standard causative for 'to share/distribute'.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Causative Nuances

Fill in the blank with the correct form of 'besar'.

Kita harus memper___ jalan ini.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: besar
With adjectives, 'memper-' does not usually take a suffix.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Causative Nuances

Score: /10

常见问题 (6)

This is a unique morphophonemic exception in Indonesian. The 'r' changes to 'l' only for this specific root.
Yes, almost any adjective can take 'memper-' to mean 'to make more [adj]'.
'Dibesarkan' often means 'to be raised' (like a child), while 'diperbesar' specifically means 'to be made larger' in size or scale.
No, 'diper-' is primarily used with adjectives (to increase quality) and nouns (to show treatment). It only works with specific verb roots like 'kenal' (diperkenalkan).
-kan is for the object, -i is for the location.
No, only with verbs that can be transitive.
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