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B1 verb 12 دقيقة للقراءة

譲る

yuzuru

تدرّب عليها أمثلة ملاحظات ونصائح 譲る في 30 ثانية

الشرح 譲る in your Level:

At the A1 level, you should learn 'yuzuru' in the context of basic politeness on the train. Focus on the phrase 'Seki wo yuzuru' (to give up a seat). Imagine you are on a busy Tokyo train and you see an old man standing. You stand up and point to your seat, saying 'Douzo' (Please). This action is 'yuzuru'. At this stage, don't worry about the complex kanji or abstract meanings. Just remember that it means 'to give something up to be kind to someone else.' It is a very important word for being a 'good' visitor in Japan. You will mostly use it with the 'te-kudasai' (please do) or 'mashou' (let's do) forms. For example: 'Seki wo yuzurimashou' (Let's give up our seats). This simple usage helps you understand the concept of thinking about others in public spaces, which is a key part of Japanese culture.

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

At the A2 level, you can expand 'yuzuru' to include physical movement and sharing. You will learn to use it for yielding a path, such as 'Michi wo yuzuru' (to yield the way). If you are walking in a narrow hallway and you stop to let someone pass, you are using this verb. You can also start using it for sharing things, like 'yuzuri-au' (to yield to each other). This is common in simple sentences about community life. You should also understand the 'te-ageru' construction: 'Seki wo yuzutte ageta' (I gave up my seat for someone). This level also introduces the idea of 'letting someone have something' for a low price or for free, like an old toy or a book. It’s about more than just seats; it’s about making space for others in daily life.

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

At the B1 level, you should be comfortable using 'yuzuru' in various social and professional situations. You will use it to describe conceding a point in a discussion or yielding a competitive advantage. For example, 'Iken wo yuzuru' (to concede an opinion/point). You will also encounter it in more formal contexts, such as 'Kurai wo yuzuru' (to hand over a position or rank). This level requires you to understand the nuance that 'yuzuru' involves a choice—you have the right to the thing, but you choose to relinquish it for harmony or succession. You should also be able to use the negative form 'yuzuranai' to describe someone who is firm or stubborn. For example, 'Kare wa kesshite yuzuranai' (He never yields). This helps you describe people's personalities and attitudes in more detail.

At the B2 level, 'yuzuru' becomes a tool for discussing complex social issues and business negotiations. You will use it to talk about 'Jōto' (transfer of rights) and 'Isan' (inheritance). You should understand how 'yuzuru' is used in news reports about political transitions or corporate mergers. For example, 'Keieiken wo yuzuru' (to hand over management rights). You will also learn idiomatic expressions like 'Ippo mo yuzuranai' (not yielding a single step), which is used in intense negotiations or sports commentary. At this level, you should be able to explain the cultural significance of 'yuzuru' in Japan, such as how it relates to the concept of 'Wa' (harmony) and how it differs from Western concepts of 'assertiveness' or 'winning.' You can use it to analyze characters in literature or films who make sacrifices for the sake of others.

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

At the C1 level, you will master the subtle nuances and formal variations of 'yuzuru'. You should be able to use it in academic or legal discussions, perhaps using the noun form 'yuzuri-watashi' (transfer/assignment). You will understand its use in classical or high-level literature where 'yuzuru' might represent a profound existential choice or a shift in historical power. You can distinguish between 'yuzuru' and more specific verbs like 'akewatasu' (to vacate) or 'hikitsugu' (to take over) in professional reports. You will also be able to use it metaphorically, such as 'Toki wo yuzuru' (to wait for a better time/to let time pass). Your ability to use 'yuzuru' correctly in high-stakes negotiations, showing both firmness and the strategic use of concession, is a hallmark of this level.

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

At the C2 level, you have a native-like grasp of 'yuzuru' and its philosophical implications. You can use the word to discuss the ethics of self-sacrifice, the legal intricacies of property transfer, and the historical shifts in Japanese leadership. You are familiar with rare or archaic uses of the kanji 譲 in historical texts. You can engage in deep debates about whether 'yuzuru' is always a virtue or if it can sometimes be a sign of weakness in a globalized world. You understand how the word is used in poetry to signify the passing of seasons or the cycle of life. Your usage is flawless across all registers, from the most polite honorifics in a business setting to the most nuanced literary analysis. You can even use it in wordplay or advanced rhetoric to convey complex emotions like regret, noble resignation, or strategic patience.

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

تدرّب عليها أمثلة ملاحظات ونصائح

譲る في 30 ثانية

A versatile Japanese verb meaning to yield, hand over, or concede, used in daily life for seats and in business for succession.
It differs from 'ageru' by focusing on the act of relinquishing a right or space rather than just giving a gift.
Essential for Japanese etiquette, especially on public transport ('seki wo yuzuru') and when driving or walking in crowded areas.
Can be used abstractly to mean conceding a point in an argument or selling an item cheaply to a friend.

The Japanese verb 譲る (yuzuru) is a cornerstone of Japanese social harmony and etiquette. At its core, it means to give up something you currently possess or have a right to, such as a physical seat, a path in traffic, a business position, or even a point in an argument. Unlike the general verb for giving, ageru, which focuses on the transfer of an object as a gift, yuzuru carries a heavy nuance of relinquishing or yielding. It implies that you are stepping back to let someone else step forward. This is deeply tied to the Japanese concept of omotenashi (hospitality) and enryo (restraint), where prioritizing others over oneself is seen as a high virtue.

Physical Space: The most common daily use is on public transportation. When you see an elderly person or a pregnant woman, you 'yuzuru' your seat. It is not just 'giving'; it is acknowledging their greater need and vacating your space for them.
Traffic and Movement: In driving or walking, it refers to yielding the right of way. If two people arrive at a narrow doorway simultaneously, the one who gestures for the other to go first is performing the act of 'yuzuru'.
Succession and Business: In a professional context, it describes the act of handing over a position, title, or the leadership of a company to a successor. This is often seen in the phrase 'kurai wo yuzuru' (to abdicate a throne or high rank).

お年寄りに席を譲るのは、日本のマナーの基本です。(Giving up your seat to the elderly is a fundamental of Japanese manners.)

Furthermore, yuzuru is used when selling an item to someone at a lower price because of a personal connection. If you have a bicycle you no longer use and you let a friend have it for a nominal fee, you are 'yuzuru'-ing it. This implies a transfer of ownership that is motivated by kindness or necessity rather than profit. In abstract terms, it can mean conceding a point during a debate. If you realize the other person's argument is stronger or if you simply want to end the conflict for the sake of peace, you 'yuzuru' the point. This cultural emphasis on 'yielding' is often contrasted with Western 'assertiveness,' making it a vital word for understanding Japanese interpersonal dynamics.

彼は道を譲って、彼女を先に通らせた。(He yielded the way and let her pass first.)

In more formal or legal settings, yuzuru transforms into jōto (譲渡), which means 'transfer of property.' However, in daily speech, yuzuru remains the standard. It is a transitive verb, meaning it takes the particle 'wo' (を) to indicate what is being surrendered. You can yield a seat (seki wo yuzuru), yield a path (michi wo yuzuru), or yield a possession (mono wo yuzuru). The beauty of this word lies in its versatility—it bridges the gap between physical actions and deep-seated social values of humility and cooperation.

Using 譲る correctly requires understanding its grammatical structure and the social context of the 'yielding' action. The standard pattern is [Person A] ga [Person B] ni [Object/Right] wo yuzuru. This clearly defines who is giving, who is receiving, and what is being relinquished. Because it is a Godan verb ending in 'ru', its conjugations are straightforward: yuzurimasu (polite), yuzutta (past), yuzuranai (negative), and yuzureba (conditional).

The 'Ni' Particle: The recipient of the yielded item or path is marked with 'ni'. For example, 'Kodomo ni michi wo yuzuru' (Yield the path to the child). This highlights the direction of the kindness.
The 'Wo' Particle: The 'wo' particle marks the thing being given up. This can be tangible (a seat) or intangible (a chance or a win).

後輩にチャンスを譲ることにした。(I decided to give the chance to my junior.)

One interesting usage is in the context of selling or 'passing on' items. In English, we might say 'I'll let you have this for $20.' In Japanese, you would use yuzuru. 'Kono kamera wo niman-en de yuzuru' (I will let you have/sell you this camera for 20,000 yen). This implies that you are not a professional seller, but rather someone passing on a valued item to someone who will appreciate it. It sounds much softer and more personal than the verb uru (to sell).

チケットが余っているので、誰かに譲りたいです。(I have an extra ticket, so I want to give/sell it to someone.)

In more complex sentences, yuzuru can be used to describe concessions in negotiations. 'Jouken wo yuzuru' means to concede on certain conditions. If two companies are merging, one might 'yuzuru' the name of the new entity to the other. In these cases, it shows a willingness to cooperate for a larger goal. It is often paired with adverbs like ippo (one step), as in 'ippo mo yuzuranai' (not yielding a single step), which describes someone who is being extremely stubborn or firm in their stance.

彼は自分の主張を頑なに譲らなかった。(He stubbornly refused to concede his claim.)

Finally, consider the compound verb yuzuri-au (譲り合う). The suffix -au means 'to do together/mutually.' Yuzuri-au means 'to yield to each other.' This is the ideal state of Japanese society—where everyone is looking out for others, and by everyone yielding a little, the whole system functions smoothly. You will see this word on posters encouraging commuters to share space on trains or drivers to be courteous on narrow roads. It represents a collective effort to maintain 'Wa' (harmony).

If you travel to Japan, the first place you will likely encounter 譲る is on the train or bus. Japanese public transit is famous for its 'Priority Seats' (yousen-seki). Above these seats, there are always signs or recorded announcements. You will hear: 'O-kyaku-sama ni seki wo o-yuzuri kudasai' (Please give up your seat to [the specified] passengers). The use of the honorific 'o' before yuzuri elevates the action to a level of social duty and respect. It is a constant reminder of the communal responsibility to care for the vulnerable.

Train Announcements: 'Seki wo yuzuriatte go-riyou kudasai' (Please yield seats to each other and use the service). This is a common phrase used to encourage general politeness during rush hour.
News and Media: In political news, you'll hear about leaders 'yuzuru'-ing their positions to younger members. In sports, a veteran player might 'yuzuru' their jersey number or starting position to a rising star.

「お先にどうぞ」「いえ、お先にどうぞ」と道を譲り合った。("After you," "No, after you," they yielded the way to each other.)

Another common setting is in the world of second-hand goods. Websites like Mercari or local community boards often use yuzuru. Someone might post: 'Kodomo-fuku yuzurimasu' (Giving away/Selling cheaply child clothes). This implies the items are still in good condition and the owner wants them to be useful to someone else. It's less about the transaction and more about the 'passing of the baton.' You also hear it in historical dramas (Jidaigeki) when a lord abdicates his power, or in samurai films where a master 'yuzuru' his legendary sword to his best pupil.

社長は長男に経営権を譲った。(The president handed over the management rights to his eldest son.)

In driving schools in Japan, the concept of 'yuzuri-iai' (mutual yielding) is taught as a core principle of safety. You will hear instructors say 'michi wo yuzuru kokoro-gamae' (the mindset of yielding the road). This isn't just a suggestion; it's considered the mark of a skilled and mature driver. If you are in a car with a Japanese friend and someone lets them merge, your friend will likely say 'yuzutte kureta' (they yielded for me) with a tone of gratitude. This word is woven into the fabric of daily gratitude and recognition of others' presence.

この席を必要としている方に譲ってください。(Please yield this seat to those who need it.)

Finally, you might hear it in very emotional contexts, such as an inheritance (isan wo yuzuru) or a final wish. It carries a sense of legacy. When someone 'yuzuru' something, they are often saying, 'I have finished with this, and now I trust you with it.' This depth of meaning makes it far more significant than simple verbs for giving or selling. It is about the transition of responsibility and the maintenance of social order.

The most frequent mistake English speakers make is confusing 譲る (yuzuru) with the general verbs for giving: ageru, kureru, and yaru. While all involve a transfer, the nuance is vastly different. If you give a birthday present to a friend, you cannot use yuzuru. Using yuzuru for a gift would imply that you were forced to give it up or that it was a right you were relinquishing, which sounds incredibly awkward and potentially rude in a celebratory context.

Mistake: Using it for Gifts: Incorrect: 'Tomodachi ni purezento wo yuzutta.' (I yielded a present to my friend). Correct: 'Tomodachi ni purezento wo ageta.' (I gave a present to my friend).
Mistake: Confusing with 'Makeru': Sometimes learners use 'makeru' (to lose/to discount) when they mean 'yuzuru'. While 'makeru' can mean to lower a price, 'yuzuru' specifically means to hand over the item because of that price concession.

× 友達に誕生日プレゼントを譲った。
○ 友達に誕生日プレゼントをあげた。

Another common error is the direction of the action. Yuzuru is a transitive verb where the subject is the one doing the yielding. Beginners sometimes get confused with passive forms. For example, if you want to say 'I was given a seat,' you should say 'Seki wo yuzutte moratta' (I received the favor of yielding a seat) rather than using yuzuru directly. Using the wrong auxiliary verb can make you sound like you were the one who gave the seat when you were actually the recipient.

親切な人が席を譲ってくれました。(A kind person yielded their seat to me.)

In the context of 'yielding' in traffic, learners often forget that yuzuru is about the right of way, not just stopping. If you stop at a red light, that is not yuzuru; that is tomaru (to stop). Yuzuru is the active choice to let another vehicle or pedestrian go first when you technically could have gone. Misusing this can lead to confusion when describing traffic incidents. Also, be careful with 'yuzuranai.' While it means 'not to yield,' in a debate context, it can sound very aggressive (stubborn) if not used carefully. In Japan, being someone who 'yuzuranai' (never yields) is often a negative personality trait unless you are defending a core moral principle.

彼は一歩も譲らない構えだ。(He is in a stance where he won't yield even a single step.)

Finally, watch out for the kanji. While yuzuru is often written in hiragana in casual texts, its kanji 譲 is quite complex. It contains the 'speech' radical (言) and a complex right side meaning 'to help' or 'to assist' (in its archaic form). Do not confuse it with 謙 (ken - humble) or 謝 (sha - apologize), which also use the speech radical. Writing the wrong kanji is a common mistake for students moving from N3 to N2 levels.

Understanding the synonyms of 譲る helps clarify its boundaries. While yuzuru is the most versatile term, other words are better suited for specific formal or technical contexts. Choosing the right alternative can make your Japanese sound more natural and professional.

譲渡 (Jōto): This is the formal, legal noun version of 'yuzuru'. It is used in contracts for the transfer of property, rights, or shares. You wouldn't use this for a seat on a bus, but you would use it for 'transfer of ownership' of a car.
引き継ぐ (Hikitsugu): This means 'to take over' or 'to hand over' duties or responsibilities. While 'yuzuru' focuses on the person leaving, 'hikitsugu' focuses on the continuity of the work. If you are leaving a job, you 'hikitsugu' your tasks to your successor.
明け渡す (Akewatasu): This specifically means to 'vacate' or 'surrender' a physical space, like an apartment or a fortress. It has a more forceful or final nuance than 'yuzuru'.

権利を他人に譲渡する。(To transfer rights to another person.)

In casual conversation, you might use makaseru (to entrust/leave it to someone) if you are yielding a decision. If someone asks 'Where should we eat?' and you say 'I'll leave it to you,' you are yielding the decision-making power. While not a direct synonym, it functions similarly in social dynamics. Another related concept is kashikiri (reserved/private), though it's quite different. However, the act of yuzuru often results in a space being 'given over' to someone else's private use for a duration.

業務を後任に引き継いだ。(I handed over the business operations to my successor.)

For physical yielding in traffic, michi wo akeru (to clear the way) is also used. While michi wo yuzuru implies politeness, michi wo akeru is more functional—like moving aside for an ambulance. When it comes to conceding in an argument, kyouho (妥協 - compromise) or kusuru (屈する - to yield/submit) are used. Kusuru has a negative nuance of being defeated, whereas yuzuru is often seen as a noble choice made by someone who could have held their ground but chose not to.

彼は権力に屈することなく戦った。(He fought without yielding to power.)

Lastly, consider ataeru (to provide/bestow). This is used for more abstract things like giving an opportunity or an impression. Yuzuru is specifically about giving something up. If you give someone an opportunity because you have plenty, it's ataeru. If you give someone an opportunity by stepping aside and letting them take your place, it's yuzuru. This distinction is vital for capturing the 'self-sacrifice' element inherent in yuzuru.

How Formal Is It?

حقيقة ممتعة

The right side of the kanji (襄) originally depicted someone helping another person put on clothes, which reinforces the theme of assistance and selflessness.

دليل النطق

UK juː-zu-ru

US ju-zu-ru

The pitch accent is 'Heiban' (Flat), meaning the pitch starts low on 'yu' and stays high for 'zu-ru'.

يتقافى مع

Kezuru (to shave/scrape) Utsuru (to move/reflect) Tsukuru (to make) Okuru (to send) Niguru (to grip - though usually nigiru) Moguru (to dive) Sabiru (to rust - different class but rhymes) Tōru (to pass)

أخطاء شائعة

Pronouncing 'ru' like the English 'roo' with rounded lips.
Incorrect pitch accent (dropping the pitch on the last syllable).
Confusing the 'zu' (ず) with 'tsu' (つ).
Making the 'yu' sound too much like 'yee'.
Over-stressing the first syllable.

مستوى الصعوبة

القراءة 4/5

The kanji 譲 is complex (20 strokes) and usually taught in late elementary or early middle school (N2 level kanji).

الكتابة 5/5

Writing 譲 by hand is difficult due to the many strokes and the balance required for the 'speech' radical.

التحدث 2/5

The pronunciation is simple and the verb follows standard Godan conjugation rules.

الاستماع 2/5

Clearly articulated in public announcements and common in daily conversation.

ماذا تتعلّم بعد ذلك

المتطلبات الأساسية

あげる (ageru) くれる (kureru) もらう (morau) 席 (seki) 道 (michi)

تعلّم لاحقاً

譲歩 (jōho) 譲渡 (jōto) 交代 (kōtai) 遠慮 (enryo) 謙虚 (kenkyo)

متقدم

委譲 (ijō) 割愛 (katsuai) 禅譲 (zenjō) 割譲 (katsujō) 推譲 (suijō)

قواعد يجب معرفتها

Transitive Verb (~wo yuzuru)

席を譲る (Yield a seat).

Benefactive Construction (~te ageru)

席を譲ってあげる (Yield a seat as a favor).

Reciprocal Construction (~au)

譲り合う (Yield to each other).

Passive Construction (~rareru)

席を譲られた (Was given a seat).

Potential Construction (~reru)

これだけは譲れない (I cannot yield this at least).

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

أمثلة حسب المستوى

おばあさんに席を譲りました。

I gave up my seat to an elderly woman.

Uses the polite past form -mashita.

席を譲ってください。

Please give up your seat.

Uses -te kudasai for a polite request.

道を譲りましょう。

Let's yield the way.

Uses -mashou for a suggestion.

彼は私に席を譲ってくれました。

He (kindly) gave up his seat for me.

Uses -te kureta to show gratitude for a favor.

ここで譲ります。

I will yield here.

Simple present/future tense.

譲ることは大切です。

Yielding is important.

Uses 'koto' to turn the verb into a noun phrase.

優しく譲りました。

I yielded kindly.

Adverb + verb.

誰かに席を譲る。

Give up a seat to someone.

Dictionary form used as a general statement.

狭い道で車に道を譲った。

I yielded the way to a car on a narrow road.

Context of driving/traffic.

このおもちゃを弟に譲るよ。

I'll give this toy to my younger brother.

Using 'yuzuru' for passing on a possession.

みんなで譲り合いましょう。

Let's all yield to each other.

Compound verb yuzuri-au.

彼はいつも席を譲ってあげる。

He always gives up his seat (for others).

-te ageru indicates doing a favor for someone.

安く譲ってもらいました。

I had them let me have it cheaply.

-te morau indicates receiving a favor.

順番を譲ってくれた。

They let me go ahead in line.

Yielding a turn/order.

どちらが譲るべきですか？

Which one should yield?

-beki means 'should'.

犬に道を譲りました。

I yielded the path to a dog.

Yielding to animals.

彼は自分の意見を譲らなかった。

He did not concede his opinion.

Negative past form used for stubbornness.

社長の座を息子に譲ることにした。

I decided to hand over the president's position to my son.

Succession context.

古いカメラを友人に譲った。

I sold/gave my old camera to a friend.

Transfer of ownership among friends.

一歩も譲らない構えだ。

They are in a stance of not yielding a single step.

Idiomatic expression 'ippo mo yuzuranai'.

交渉で条件を少し譲った。

I conceded a bit on the conditions during the negotiation.

Abstract yielding in business.

この家を誰かに譲りたい。

I want to pass this house on to someone.

-tai form for desire.

彼に勝ちを譲った。

I let him have the win.

Yielding a victory/result.

お互いに譲る心が必要です。

A spirit of mutual yielding is necessary.

Noun + hitsuyou (necessary).

経営権を譲渡する契約を結んだ。

We signed a contract to transfer management rights.

Uses the formal noun jōto.

彼は一歩も譲らずに主張を続けた。

He continued his claim without yielding a single step.

-zu ni means 'without doing'.

伝統を次の世代に譲り渡す。

To hand over traditions to the next generation.

Compound verb yuzuri-watasu.

価格交渉で、彼はついに譲った。

In the price negotiation, he finally conceded.

Concession in a financial context.

土地を譲る代わりに、金銭を受け取った。

In exchange for yielding the land, I received money.

-kawari ni means 'instead of/in exchange for'.

君にこの名誉を譲るよ。

I yield this honor to you.

Yielding something abstract like honor.

互いに譲歩し合うことが解決への道だ。

Mutually conceding to each other is the path to a solution.

Uses 'jouho' (concession) with 'au'.

彼はその権利を頑固に譲らなかった。

He stubbornly refused to yield that right.

Adverb 'ganko ni' (stubbornly).

王位を譲るという決断は容易ではなかった。

The decision to abdicate the throne was not easy.

Uses 'yuzuru to iu' to define the decision.

知的財産権を第三者に譲渡した。

Transferred intellectual property rights to a third party.

Legal/Technical context.

一歩も譲らぬ構えで会談に臨んだ。

They approached the conference with a stance of not yielding a single step.

Uses the archaic/literary negative 'nu'.

彼は自らの信念を何ものにも譲らなかった。

He did not yield his beliefs to anything.

Abstract/Philosophical use.

この技術は他国の追随を譲らない。

This technology does not allow others to catch up (it remains unrivaled).

Idiomatic use meaning 'to be second to none'.

家督を譲り、隠居生活に入った。

He handed over the family headship and entered retirement.

Historical term 'katoku' (family headship).

利権をめぐって、一歩も譲らない攻防が続いた。

A battle continued over vested interests, with neither side yielding a step.

Complex sentence with 'megutte' (concerning).

彼は後進に道を譲るため、引退を表明した。

He announced his retirement to make way for his juniors.

Uses 'tame' (in order to).

その峻烈な議論において、彼は論理の整合性を一分たりとも譲らなかった。

In that fierce debate, he did not yield even a fraction of his logical consistency.

Uses 'ichibu taritomo... nai' (not even a fraction).

禅の教えでは、自我を譲ることが悟りへの一歩とされる。

In Zen teachings, yielding the ego is considered a step toward enlightenment.

Metaphysical usage.

政権移譲のプロセスは、慎重かつ迅速に行われた。

The process of transferring political power was conducted carefully and swiftly.

Uses 'ijou' (transfer of power).

彼は死の間際、秘伝の技を唯一の弟子に譲り渡した。

On the verge of death, he passed on the secret technique to his only disciple.

Literary/Dramatic context.

美意識において、彼は誰にも譲らぬこだわりを持っていた。

Regarding aesthetic sense, he had a stubbornness that yielded to no one.

Yielding as a metaphor for quality/standards.

法的な瑕疵がない限り、所有権の譲渡は有効である。

As long as there are no legal defects, the transfer of ownership is valid.

Legal terminology.

時代の奔流に抗わず、静かに場所を譲るのも一つの美学だ。

Not resisting the torrent of the times and quietly yielding one's place is also an aesthetic.

Poetic/Philosophical usage.

彼は妥協を排し、真理の探究において一歩も譲ることはなかった。

He rejected compromise and never yielded a step in his search for truth.

High-level vocabulary like 'hai-shi' (rejecting).

تلازمات شائعة

席を譲る

道を譲る

一歩も譲らない

社長の座を譲る

安く譲る

権利を譲る

順番を譲る

天下を譲る

勝利を譲る

場所を譲る

العبارات الشائعة

譲り合い

— Mutual yielding or concession. Essential for social harmony.

譲り合いの精神が大切だ。

お先にどうぞ

— After you. The verbal expression often accompanying the act of yuzuru.

「お先にどうぞ」と道を譲った。

譲り受ける

— To inherit or receive something that was yielded/handed over.

父から時計を譲り受けた。

譲り渡す

— To hand over or transfer something to another's possession.

家を他人に譲り渡した。

一歩譲って

— Conceding a point for the sake of argument (Even if we grant that...).

一歩譲って、君の言う通りだとしよう。

後進に道を譲る

— To retire or step aside to let younger people take over.

彼は後進に道を譲る決意をした。

席を譲り合う

— To share or yield seats to one another politely.

車内では席を譲り合いましょう。

権利の譲渡

— Transfer of rights. A formal noun phrase.

権利の譲渡には書類が必要です。

安値で譲る

— To let someone have something at a low price.

中古車を安値で譲ってもらった。

位を譲る

— To abdicate a throne or high rank.

天皇が位を譲られた。

يُخلط عادةً مع

譲る vs あげる (ageru)

Ageru is for gifts; Yuzuru is for yielding rights/space.

譲る vs 負ける (makeru)

Makeru means to lose; Yuzuru is a voluntary choice to step aside.

譲る vs 渡す (watasu)

Watasu is the physical act of handing over; Yuzuru is the social act of relinquishing.

تعبيرات اصطلاحية

"一歩も譲らない"

— To not yield a single inch; to be completely uncompromising.

彼は自分の主張を一歩も譲らなかった。

Neutral

"三歩譲る"

— To make a significant concession (literally 'yielding three steps').

三歩譲って話し合いに応じる。

Literary

"道を譲る"

— Metaphorically, to let someone else take the lead in a field or career.

彼はライバルに道を譲った。

Neutral

"天下を譲る"

— To hand over control of the country or a major organization.

引退して天下を譲る時期だ。

Historical/Dramatic

"名を譲る"

— To let someone else have the fame or credit for something.

功績は彼に譲り、自分は名を譲った。

Literary

"座を譲る"

— To step down from a position of authority.

老兵は死なず、ただ座を譲るのみ。

Formal

"花を譲る"

— To let someone else have the spotlight or the 'flower' (glory).

主役の座を彼女に譲り、花を譲った。

Literary

"一歩譲れば"

— If I were to concede one point (used to introduce a hypothetical).

一歩譲れば、それも一理ある。

Neutral

"後塵を拝する"

— To fall behind (related to not yielding, but being forced to follow).

他社に後塵を拝することなく、一歩も譲らない。

Formal

"譲るに譲れない"

— To be in a situation where one absolutely cannot yield, no matter what.

これだけは譲るに譲れない条件だ。

Neutral

سهل الخلط

譲る vs 売る (uru)

Both involve transferring an item to someone else.

Uru is a commercial transaction for profit. Yuzuru implies a personal connection or a favor, often at a lower price.

店で本を売る (Sell a book at a shop) vs. 友人に本を譲る (Let a friend have a book).

譲る vs 任せる (makaseru)

Both involve giving up control.

Makaseru is entrusting a task to someone. Yuzuru is giving up your own right or place so they can have it.

仕事を任せる (Entrust a job) vs. 席を譲る (Yield a seat).

譲る vs 与える (ataeru)

Both mean 'to give' in a broad sense.

Ataeru is 'to bestow' or 'to provide' (often from a higher position). Yuzuru is 'to relinquish' something you have.

賞を与える (Bestow a prize) vs. 勝ちを譲る (Yield the win).

譲る vs 退く (shirizoku)

Both involve moving away.

Shirizoku is to physically retreat or withdraw. Yuzuru is to move specifically to let someone else take your place.

一歩退く (Take a step back) vs. 道を譲る (Yield the path).

譲る vs 捨てる (suteru)

Both involve getting rid of something.

Suteru is to throw away as trash. Yuzuru is to give it to someone else who will use it.

服を捨てる (Throw away clothes) vs. 服を譲る (Pass on clothes to someone).

أنماط الجُمل

[Target] に [Object] を譲る

お年寄りに席を譲る。

[Object] を譲ってあげる

道を譲ってあげる。

[Abstract] を譲らない

意見を譲らない。

一歩も譲らない

勝負では一歩も譲らない。

後進に道を譲る

彼は後進に道を譲った。

[Noun] の譲渡

所有権の譲渡を行う。

[Object] を安く譲る

カメラを安く譲る。

譲り合いの精神

譲り合いの精神を持つ。

عائلة الكلمة

الأسماء

譲渡 (jōto) Transfer/Assignment

譲歩 (jōho) Concession

委譲 (ijō) Delegation/Transfer of power

譲り合い (yuzuri-ai) Mutual yielding

الأفعال

譲り受ける (yuzuri-ukeru) To inherit/receive

譲り渡す (yuzuri-watasu) To hand over

譲歩する (jōho suru) To concede

مرتبط

謙虚 (kenkyo - humble)

遠慮 (enryo - restraint)

親切 (shinsetsu - kind)

交代 (kōtai - alternation/change)

相続 (sōzoku - inheritance)

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كيفية الاستخدام

frequency

Very high in social contexts, medium in technical business contexts.

أخطاء شائعة

Using 'yuzuru' for a birthday present. → Using 'ageru' (to give).
'Yuzuru' implies giving up a right or space. A gift is a voluntary offer of a new item.
Using 'yuzuru' for losing a game. → Using 'makeru' (to lose).
'Yuzuru' is a choice to let someone win. 'Makeru' is being defeated.
Confusing 'yuzuru' with 'yasui' (cheap) when selling. → Using 'yasuku yuzuru' (to yield cheaply).
'Yuzuru' is the action of transferring; 'yasuku' is the adverb describing the price.
Forgetting the 'ni' particle for the recipient. → [Person] ni yuzuru.
Without 'ni', it's unclear who is receiving the benefit of the yielding.
Using 'yuzuru' for taking over a job. → Using 'hikitsugu' (to take over).
'Yuzuru' is the perspective of the person giving it up. 'Hikitsugu' is the perspective of the person receiving the duties.

نصائح

The Spirit of Wa

Yielding is not seen as losing in Japan. It is seen as maintaining the 'Wa' (harmony). By yielding your seat or path, you are contributing to a smoother society.

Transitive Usage

Always remember that 'yuzuru' is transitive. You yield 'something' (marked by を) 'to someone' (marked by に).

Priority Seats

On Japanese trains, even if you are tired, yielding a priority seat to someone in need is a highly respected action. Use the phrase 'どうぞ' (After you).

Selling to Friends

If you are giving a friend a deal on your old bike, use 'yuzuru' instead of 'uru'. It sounds much more personal and kind.

Competitive Spirit

In sports, 'ippo mo yuzuranai' is a compliment. It means the athlete is fighting hard and not giving the opponent any advantage.

The 'Y' Connection

Link 'Yuzuru' to 'Yield'. They both start with Y and mean the same thing. This is the easiest way to remember the core meaning.

Kanji Practice

Don't be intimidated by the 20 strokes. Break it down into the 'speech' radical and the complex right side. Practice the stroke order to make it look balanced.

Train Ears

Listen for the word 'yuzuri-ai' in public announcements. It’s a great way to hear the word used in a natural, formal context.

Voluntary Action

Remember that 'yuzuru' is a choice. If you are forced to give something up, other verbs like 'ubawareru' (to be snatched) are used.

Succession

When a famous chef or artisan retires, they 'yuzuru' their shop to their best apprentice. It’s a word of legacy.

احفظها

وسيلة تذكّر

Think of 'You (yu) Zoo (zu) Roo (ru)'. Imagine YOU are at the ZOO and a giant KANGAROO needs your seat. You politely 'yuzuru' (yield) it to him.

ربط بصري

Visualize a 'Priority Seat' sign on a Japanese train. The icon of an elderly person and a person standing up is the perfect visual for 'yuzuru'.

Word Web

Seki (Seat) Michi (Road) Kenri (Right) Chanse (Chance) Jōto (Transfer) Jōho (Concession) Enryo (Restraint) Wa (Harmony)

تحدٍّ

Try to use 'yuzuru' in three different contexts today: once for a physical object, once for a turn or path, and once for an opinion or decision.

أصل الكلمة

The kanji 譲 consists of the radical 言 (speech/word) and the phonetic/semantic component 襄 (to assist/to raise). In ancient contexts, it referred to using words to decline a position or to humbly offer something to another. It evolved from a ritualistic 'declining' of honors to the general act of yielding.

المعنى الأصلي: To decline or defer through speech; to be humble.

Sino-Japanese (Kanji-based vocabulary).

السياق الثقافي

Be careful not to over-yield to the point of causing confusion (a 'Canadian standoff'). In Japan, if someone yields to you, accept it quickly with a bow or 'Arigato' to keep the flow moving.

In the West, 'yielding' can sometimes have a negative connotation of weakness or losing. In Japan, it is almost always positive, associated with nobility and 'Omoiyari' (consideration for others).

Yuzuru Hanyu (Olympic Figure Skater) - though his name uses different kanji for 'Yuzuru', the phonetic connection is strong. The 'Priority Seat' (Yousen-seki) signs in all Japanese trains. Classical literature where emperors 'yuzuru' the throne to join a monastery.

تدرّب في الحياة الواقعية

سياقات واقعية

Public Transportation

お年寄りに席を譲る
どうぞ、お座りください
優先席を譲る
席を譲り合う

Driving / Traffic

歩行者に道を譲る
合流で道を譲る
対向車に譲る
譲り合い運転

Business / Career

役職を譲る
後輩にチャンスを譲る
交渉で譲歩する
事業を譲渡する

Second-hand Goods

不用品を譲る
格安で譲る
大切に使ってくれる人に譲りたい
譲り受けた品

Arguments / Debates

自分の意見を譲る
一歩も譲らない
論点を譲る
勝ちを譲る

بدايات محادثة

"電車でお年寄りに席を譲ったことがありますか？ (Have you ever given up your seat to an elderly person on the train?)"

"使わなくなった物を誰かに譲ったことはありますか？ (Have you ever given/sold something you no longer use to someone else?)"

"日本の「譲り合い」の文化についてどう思いますか？ (What do you think about the Japanese culture of 'mutual yielding'?)"

"議論になったとき、あなたはすぐに意見を譲るほうですか？ (When you have a disagreement, are you the type to quickly concede your opinion?)"

"車を運転しているとき、よく道を譲りますか？ (Do you often yield the way when you are driving?)"

مواضيع للكتابة اليومية

今日、誰かに何かを譲った経験について書いてください。 (Write about an experience where you yielded something to someone today.)

「譲る」ことが難しいと感じる状況はどんな時ですか？ (What kind of situations make it difficult for you to yield?)

あなたが誰かから譲り受けた大切な物について教えてください。 (Tell me about a precious item you received/inherited from someone.)

将来、自分の仕事を後輩に譲る時、何を伝えたいですか？ (When you hand over your job to a junior in the future, what do you want to tell them?)

「一歩も譲らない」という態度は、いつ必要だと思いますか？ (When do you think a 'never yield a step' attitude is necessary?)

الأسئلة الشائعة

10 أسئلة

No, you should not. 'Yuzuru' implies you are giving up something you were using or had a right to. For a birthday gift, use 'ageru'. If you use 'yuzuru', it sounds like you didn't really want to give it, or it was a sacrifice.

Generally, yes, it is associated with kindness and social harmony. However, in a negative form like 'yuzuranai' (won't yield), it can describe someone being stubborn. In traffic, yielding is the standard of a 'good' driver.

'Yuzuru' is the everyday verb. 'Jōto' (譲渡) is the formal noun used in legal and business documents for the transfer of property or rights. You use 'yuzuru' with friends and 'jōto' with lawyers.

You should use the construction 'Seki wo yuzutte moratta' (I received the favor of yielding a seat) or 'Seki wo yuzurete moratta'. 'Seki wo yuzurareta' (passive) is also possible but 'moratta' sounds more natural and grateful.

Yes, but it's more literary. For example, 'Toki wo yuzuru' can mean to wait for a better time or to let time pass. Usually, it's used for physical things, turns, or rights.

It is a Godan verb. It ends in '-ru' but the syllable before it is 'zu' (not 'i' or 'e'), and it conjugates as yuzuranai, yuzurimasu, yuzuru, yuzureba, yuzurou.

It literally means 'not yielding even one step.' It is a common idiom meaning to be completely uncompromising or firm in one's stance, especially in a debate, competition, or negotiation.

Yes! It's very common. Saying 'yuzurimasu' sounds friendlier than 'urimasu' (I'm selling it). It implies you want the item to go to a good home.

The direct opposite is 'ubau' (to snatch/take by force). In a social context, 'koshitsu suru' (to stick stubbornly to something) is also an opposite behavior.

It's a high-level kanji (20 strokes). It reflects its historical and formal importance in Japanese society, especially regarding succession and legal transfers. Most people learn it in high school.

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