At the A1 level, you are just starting to learn how to list things and give simple examples. While '이를테면' might be a bit advanced, you can think of it as a fancy way to say 'for example.' When you want to tell someone about things you like, you can use this word. For instance, if you say 'I like fruits,' you can follow up with '이를테면 사과' (For example, apples). At this stage, just focus on using it before a noun to show you are giving an example. It's like pointing at something to explain what you mean. It helps you make your sentences longer and more interesting by adding more details. Don't worry about the complex grammar behind it yet; just treat it as a single block that means 'for instance.'
At the A2 level, you are building more complex sentences. '이를테면' is a great word to use because it helps you group ideas together. You can use it when you are talking about your hobbies, your daily routine, or your favorite places. Instead of just saying 'I go to many places,' you can say 'I go to many places, for instance, the library or the park.' In Korean, this would be '여러 곳에 가요. 이를테면 도서관이나 공원 같은 곳이죠.' Notice how we often add '같은' (like) or '이나' (or) after the nouns. This makes the sentence sound much more natural. It shows that you are not just listing things, but giving examples of a bigger category. Using this word will make you sound more like a native speaker who is trying to be clear and helpful.
At the B1 level, you should start using '이를테면' to explain more abstract concepts or to make comparisons. It's not just for listing physical objects anymore. You can use it to explain a situation or a feeling. For example, if you are describing a person's character, you could say 'He is very kind. For instance, he always helps people in need.' This shows a deeper understanding of how to support your statements with evidence. You can also use it to introduce metaphors, like saying someone is 'so to speak, a light in the dark.' This level of usage requires you to balance the word with appropriate sentence endings like '~ㄴ/는 셈이다' or '~와/과 같다.' It helps you move beyond simple descriptions into more detailed explanations.
At the B2 level, '이를테면' becomes a tool for structured argumentation and professional communication. You will use it in essays, presentations, and debates to provide specific evidence for your claims. It functions as a logical connector that signals a transition from a general premise to a specific illustrative case. You should be able to distinguish it clearly from '가령' (hypothetical) and '말하자면' (rephrasing). At this level, you might use it to introduce a complex scenario: 'We need to reform the system; for instance, by changing the way we evaluate performance.' This usage demonstrates your ability to handle complex sentence structures and maintain a consistent logical flow in your speech and writing. It adds a level of sophistication to your Korean that is expected at the upper-intermediate level.
At the C1 level, you will encounter '이를테면' in high-level literature, academic papers, and philosophical discussions. Here, it often serves a rhetorical purpose, allowing the author to define terms through illustrative examples or to introduce nuanced metaphors. You should be able to use it to manage the 'scope' of your definitions. For instance, in a legal or social context, you might use it to clarify the boundaries of a specific term. You will also notice its use in 'stream of consciousness' style writing, where it provides a bridge between different thoughts. Your mastery of this word at this level includes knowing exactly when its 'explanatory' nuance is more appropriate than the purely functional '예를 들어.' It is about choosing the right 'color' for your transitions to match the tone of your discourse.
At the C2 level, your use of '이를테면' is indistinguishable from that of a highly educated native speaker. You use it with perfect precision to navigate complex rhetorical structures. It becomes an essential part of your stylistic toolkit, used to create rhythm and clarity in long, complex sentences. You can use it to introduce 'representative instances' that encapsulate an entire theory or worldview. In high-level diplomacy or academic debate, you might use it to delicately suggest an analogy that reframes the entire discussion. You are fully aware of its etymological roots and can use that knowledge to play with the language, perhaps using it in a way that highlights the act of 'calling' or 'naming' itself. Your usage is fluid, natural, and adds a layer of intellectual depth to your communication.

이를테면 في 30 ثانية

  • 이를테면 is a versatile Korean adverb used to introduce examples or metaphorical comparisons, making explanations more concrete and vivid for the listener.
  • It translates to 'for instance,' 'for example,' or 'so to speak,' and is slightly more sophisticated than the basic '예를 들어'.
  • It is commonly used in discussions, academic writing, and polite conversation to clarify general statements with specific, representative instances.
  • The word often pairs with connectors like '같은' (like) or '등' (etc.) to smoothly link examples back to the main topic.

The Korean word 이를테면 is a versatile adverb primarily translated as 'for instance,' 'for example,' or 'so to speak.' While many beginners first learn '예를 들어' (ye-reul deu-reo) for 'for example,' 이를테면 offers a slightly more sophisticated, often literary or explanatory nuance. It is used when a speaker wants to clarify a general statement by providing a specific instance or a hypothetical comparison that makes the point easier to grasp. The word itself is derived from the combination of the verb '이르다' (to say/call), the prospective suffix '-ㄹ', the noun '터' (place/foundation/intention), and the conditional ending '-(이)면'. Etymologically, it literally translates to something like 'if one were to call it' or 'if I were to put it this way.'

Semantic Range
It covers both concrete examples (real things that exist) and metaphorical or hypothetical examples (comparisons used to explain a concept).

과일도 좋아해요. 이를테면 사과나 포도 같은 거요. (I like fruit too. For instance, things like apples or grapes.)

In daily conversation, it is frequently used in discussions, presentations, or when explaining complex ideas. It signals to the listener that a clarifying detail is coming. It is less clinical than '예를 들어' and can sometimes feel more natural in spoken discourse when the speaker is searching for the right analogy. It is particularly common in academic writing and news reporting where clarity is paramount. When you use 이를테면, you are not just listing items; you are often defining the boundaries of what you are talking about.

Register and Formality
It sits comfortably in polite (해요체) and formal (하십시오체) speech. In very casual settings among close friends, it might sound a bit 'bookish,' but it is never incorrect.

우리는 서로 돕고 살아야 합니다. 이를테면 이웃이 아플 때 죽을 쑤어 주는 것처럼요. (We should live helping each other. For example, like making porridge for a neighbor when they are sick.)

Syntactic Position
Typically placed at the beginning of a sentence or immediately after the subject to introduce the example.

그는 아주 성실한 사람입니다. 이를테면 한 번도 약속 시간에 늦은 적이 없어요. (He is a very sincere person. For instance, he has never been late for an appointment.)

서울에는 가볼 만한 곳이 많아요. 이를테면 경복궁이나 남산타워 같은 곳이죠. (There are many places worth visiting in Seoul. For instance, places like Gyeongbokgung Palace or Namsan Tower.)

그 영화는 이를테면 현대판 로미오와 줄리엣 같아요. (That movie is, so to speak, like a modern-day Romeo and Juliet.)

Using 이를테면 correctly involves understanding its role as a bridge between a general concept and a specific illustration. It functions as a sentence-starting adverb or as an interjection within a sentence to provide focus. When used at the start of a sentence, it usually follows a statement that requires further elaboration. For instance, if you say 'I like healthy food,' the next sentence could start with '이를테면...' followed by a list of vegetables or grains. This structure helps the listener categorize the information you are providing.

Sentence Structure 1: Sentence + 이를테면 + Noun + (이)나/같은
This is the most common pattern. You state a broad category and then use the word to introduce specific nouns within that category.

취미 생활을 시작해 보세요. 이를테면 요리나 그림 그리기 같은 거요. (Try starting a hobby. For instance, something like cooking or drawing.)

Another common usage is to clarify a person's role or a situation's nature by comparing it to something else. In this context, it translates more closely to 'so to speak' or 'as it were.' It allows the speaker to use a metaphor to explain a complex relationship or feeling. This is particularly useful in creative writing or emotive speech. It softens the statement, making it clear that the speaker is using an analogy rather than a literal definition.

Sentence Structure 2: Subject + 이를테면 + Metaphor/Analogy
Used to define a subject through comparison. It often appears in the middle of a sentence to provide a descriptive pause.

그는 우리 팀의 이를테면 엔진 같은 존재입니다. (He is, so to speak, like the engine of our team.)

자연 현상에는 여러 가지가 있습니다. 이를테면 비, 눈, 바람 등이 있죠. (There are various natural phenomena. For instance, there are rain, snow, wind, etc.)

Sentence Structure 3: 이를테면 + Clause + (ㄴ/는) 셈이다
This pattern is used to summarize a situation by providing a representative example that characterizes the whole.

이를테면 내가 너의 보호자 역할을 하는 셈이지. (For instance, it's like I'm playing the role of your guardian.)

그는 이를테면 살아있는 백과사전이라고 할 수 있어요. (He can be called, for example, a living encyclopedia.)

You will encounter 이를테면 in a variety of settings, ranging from formal lectures to thoughtful everyday conversations. It is a staple in the vocabulary of teachers, professors, and news anchors because it helps break down complex concepts into digestible examples. If you watch Korean news or documentaries, you will notice that reporters often use this word to transition from a general policy or social trend to a specific case study involving a real person or situation. This makes the information feel more concrete and relatable to the audience.

In Academic Settings
During university lectures, a professor might explain a theory and then say '이를테면...' to provide a practical application. It helps students understand the 'how' and 'why' behind abstract rules.

경제학에는 기회비용이라는 개념이 있습니다. 이를테면 공부를 하느라 아르바이트를 못 하는 상황이죠. (In economics, there is the concept of opportunity cost. For instance, it's a situation where you can't work a part-time job because you are studying.)

In Korean literature and essays, 이를테면 is used to weave metaphors into the narrative. Authors use it to draw parallels between nature and human emotion. For example, a writer might describe sadness as being 'like a slow-rising tide, so to speak.' This usage highlights the word's ability to introduce figurative language. It adds a layer of depth and reflection to the text that a simpler 'like' or 'as' might not achieve. Readers of Korean novels or poetry will find it frequently used to expand on a character's internal state.

In Business Presentations
When professionals present data or new strategies, they use this word to illustrate potential outcomes. It sounds professional and measured, showing that the speaker has thought through specific scenarios.

우리는 고객 서비스를 강화해야 합니다. 이를테면 응답 시간을 단축하는 것부터 시작할 수 있습니다. (We need to strengthen customer service. For instance, we can start by shortening response times.)

사랑은 이를테면 보이지 않는 끈과 같습니다. (Love is, so to speak, like an invisible string.)

In Daily Polite Conversation
When talking to an elder or a colleague, using this word instead of the more repetitive '예를 들어' can make your speech sound more varied and sophisticated.

제주도에는 맛있는 게 정말 많아요. 이를테면 흑돼지나 전복죽 같은 거요. (There are so many delicious things in Jeju Island. For instance, things like black pork or abalone porridge.)

One of the most common mistakes learners make with 이를테면 is confusing it with '말하자면' (mal-ha-ja-myeon). While both can be translated as 'so to speak,' '말하자면' is typically used when you are rephrasing something in a different way or summarizing a point, whereas 이를테면 is specifically for providing examples. Using '말하자면' when you mean 'for instance' can make your sentence sound like you are concluding rather than illustrating. Another mistake is overusing it in very casual, slang-heavy contexts. While not wrong, it can sound a bit out of place if the rest of your speech is very informal.

Mistake 1: Confusing with '가령' (Ga-ryeong)
'가령' is used for purely hypothetical suppositions (e.g., 'Suppose that...'). '이를테면' is better for illustrative examples of things that actually happen or exist.

[Wrong]: 이를테면 내일 비가 온다고 합시다. (This sounds slightly awkward if you mean 'Suppose it rains tomorrow.')
[Better]: 가령 내일 비가 온다고 합시다.

Another common error is failing to use the correct particles or endings after the example provided. Because 이를테면 introduces an example, the nouns that follow often need to be connected with '같은' (like) or '등' (etc.) to sound natural. Simply listing nouns after the word without these connectors can make the sentence feel abrupt or unfinished. For example, saying '이를테면 사과, 포도' is less natural than '이를테면 사과나 포도 같은 거요.' The latter provides a smoother transition and clearer context.

Mistake 2: Missing the 'Connective' Ending
Learners often forget to use '~와/과 같은' or '~나/이나' to properly link the examples to the main idea.

[Awkward]: 한국 음식을 좋아해요. 이를테면 비빔밥, 불고기.
[Natural]: 한국 음식을 좋아해요. 이를테면 비빔밥이나 불고기 같은 거요.

그는 말하자면 천재예요. (In this case, '말하자면' is better because you are summarizing his identity rather than giving one example of many genius traits.)

Mistake 3: Misplacing in the sentence
While flexible, placing it at the very end of a sentence is rare and usually incorrect. It should precede the example it introduces.

[Wrong]: 사과나 포도 이를테면 좋아해요.
[Correct]: 이를테면 사과나 포도 같은 과일을 좋아해요.

Understanding the subtle differences between 이를테면 and its synonyms is key to mastering Korean transitions. The most common alternative is '예를 들어' (ye-reul deu-reo) or '예를 들면' (ye-reul deul-myeon). These are the most direct ways to say 'for example.' They are neutral and can be used in almost any context. '이를테면,' however, has a slightly more explanatory or 'redefining' feel. It suggests that the speaker is choosing a specific way to describe something for the listener's benefit. This makes it slightly more personal or discursive than the standard '예를 들어.'

이를테면 vs. 예를 들어
'예를 들어' is factual and direct. '이를테면' is slightly more descriptive and often used for metaphorical comparisons or to introduce a representative example that clarifies a definition.

[예를 들어]: 과일이 많아요. 예를 들어 사과가 있어요. (Simple fact.)
[이를테면]: 그는 우리 팀의 이를테면 보물 같은 존재입니다. (Metaphorical/Explanatory.)

Another similar word is '가령' (ga-ryeong). This word is specifically used for hypothetical scenarios, often translated as 'suppose' or 'if for instance.' It is common in math problems, philosophical debates, or when discussing 'what if' situations. While '이를테면' can be used hypothetically, it is usually based on a general truth or observation. '가령' is much more focused on the act of supposing something that may not be currently true. Finally, '말하자면' (mal-ha-ja-myeon) is used to summarize or rephrase a point, similar to 'so to speak' or 'in other words.'

이를테면 vs. 가령 vs. 말하자면
'가령' = Suppose/If (Hypothetical).
'말하자면' = In other words (Rephrasing).
'이를테면' = For instance (Illustrating).

가령 우리가 돈이 아주 많다고 칩시다. (Suppose we have a lot of money.)
말하자면 그는 천재라는 뜻입니다. (In other words, it means he is a genius.)

환경 보호를 실천합시다. 예컨대 일회용품 사용을 줄이는 것입니다. (Let's practice environmental protection. For example, reducing the use of disposables.)

How Formal Is It?

حقيقة ممتعة

The '터' in this word is the same '터' found in '할 터이다' (one's intention to do something). It reflects an older way of framing a conditional statement about how to name or describe something.

دليل النطق

UK i.ɾɯl.tʰe.mjʌn
US i.ɾɯl.tʰe.mjʌn
The primary stress is slightly on the first syllable '이', but Korean is generally a syllable-timed language with even stress.
يتقافى مع
하면 (ha-myeon) 가면 (ga-myeon) 라면 (ra-myeon) 장면 (jang-myeon) 표면 (pyo-myeon) 서면 (seo-myeon) 단면 (dan-myeon) 측면 (cheuk-myeon)
أخطاء شائعة
  • Pronouncing 'ㄹ' as a hard English 'L'. It should be a soft flap or liquid sound.
  • Forgetting the aspiration in '테' (t-h-e).
  • Merging 'te-myeon' into one syllable.
  • Pronouncing 'i' like 'eye' instead of 'ee'.
  • Over-stressing the final syllable.

مستوى الصعوبة

القراءة 2/5

Easy to recognize in texts as a transition word. Its meaning is consistent.

الكتابة 3/5

Requires knowledge of how to follow up with correct particles like '같은' or '이나'.

التحدث 3/5

Needs practice to use naturally without sounding too robotic or formal.

الاستماع 2/5

Clear pronunciation and usually followed by a pause, making it easy to catch.

ماذا تتعلّم بعد ذلك

المتطلبات الأساسية

이르다 (to say) 예 (example) 같다 (to be like) 나/이나 (or) 것 (thing)

تعلّم لاحقاً

가령 (suppose) 말하자면 (so to speak) 즉 (namely) 비유 (metaphor) 상징 (symbol)

متقدم

예컨대 (for example - formal) 일컬어 (calling it as) 반면 (on the other hand) 따라서 (therefore) 요컨대 (in short)

قواعد يجب معرفتها

~와/과 같은 (Like...)

사과와 같은 과일

~나/이나 (Or...)

빵이나 우유

~처럼 (Like...)

바다처럼 넓은 마음

~ㄴ/는 셈이다 (It is like/It amounts to...)

다 끝난 셈이다

~라고 할 수 있다 (Can be called...)

천재라고 할 수 있다

أمثلة حسب المستوى

1

과일을 좋아해요. 이를테면 사과요.

I like fruit. For instance, apples.

Simple noun + 요 ending for politeness.

2

운동을 해요. 이를테면 축구 같은 거요.

I exercise. For instance, something like soccer.

Using '같은 거' (thing like) to make it sound natural.

3

색깔이 예뻐요. 이를테면 노란색요.

The colors are pretty. For instance, yellow.

Direct example of a category (colors).

4

친구가 많아요. 이를테면 민수 씨요.

I have many friends. For instance, Minsu.

Using a person's name as an example.

5

동물을 좋아해요. 이를테면 고양이요.

I like animals. For instance, cats.

Simple category and example.

6

한국 음식을 먹어요. 이를테면 김치요.

I eat Korean food. For instance, kimchi.

Common cultural example.

7

공부를 해요. 이를테면 한국어요.

I study. For instance, Korean.

Specific instance of an activity.

8

노래를 들어요. 이를테면 케이팝요.

I listen to songs. For instance, K-pop.

Genre as an example.

1

제주도에는 볼 게 많아요. 이를테면 바다나 산 같은 곳이죠.

There's a lot to see in Jeju. For instance, places like the sea or mountains.

Using '나' (or) and '같은 곳' (place like).

2

취미가 다양해요. 이를테면 요리나 독서 같은 거요.

My hobbies are diverse. For instance, things like cooking or reading.

Listing multiple examples with '나'.

3

그는 참 친절해요. 이를테면 길을 잃은 사람을 도와주는 것처럼요.

He is very kind. For instance, like helping someone who is lost.

Using '것처럼' (like doing) to describe an action.

4

서울은 교통이 편리해요. 이를테면 지하철이나 버스가 잘 되어 있어요.

Seoul has convenient transportation. For instance, the subway and buses are well-organized.

Explaining a general state with specific systems.

5

우리 집 근처에는 가게가 많아요. 이를테면 편의점이나 마트 같은 곳이요.

There are many shops near my house. For instance, places like convenience stores or marts.

Providing local examples.

6

날씨가 변덕스러워요. 이를테면 갑자기 비가 오거나 바람이 부는 거죠.

The weather is fickle. For instance, it suddenly rains or the wind blows.

Describing unpredictable behavior.

7

저는 매운 걸 못 먹어요. 이를테면 떡볶이 같은 거요.

I can't eat spicy things. For instance, things like tteokbokki.

Specific food example for a preference.

8

선물을 사고 싶어요. 이를테면 꽃이나 화장품 같은 거요.

I want to buy a gift. For instance, things like flowers or cosmetics.

Suggesting options.

1

성공하려면 노력이 필요합니다. 이를테면 매일 꾸준히 연습하는 것이죠.

Effort is needed to succeed. For instance, practicing consistently every day.

Using '것이다' to define the example as a requirement.

2

그는 우리 팀의 이를테면 정신적 지주 같은 사람입니다.

He is, so to speak, like the spiritual pillar of our team.

Metaphorical use within a sentence.

3

환경을 보호하는 방법은 많아요. 이를테면 플라스틱 사용을 줄이는 일입니다.

There are many ways to protect the environment. For instance, reducing the use of plastic.

Introducing a specific action as a representative example.

4

그 영화는 이를테면 현대 사회의 어두운 면을 보여주는 거울 같아요.

That movie is, so to speak, like a mirror showing the dark side of modern society.

Using '거울 같다' (like a mirror) as an analogy.

5

스트레스를 푸는 법을 찾아야 해요. 이를테면 명상이나 요가를 하는 거죠.

You need to find a way to relieve stress. For instance, doing meditation or yoga.

Offering solutions.

6

그의 말은 이를테면 양날의 검과 같습니다.

His words are, so to speak, like a double-edged sword.

Introducing a common idiom as a comparison.

7

우리는 서로 소통해야 합니다. 이를테면 상대방의 말을 끝까지 듣는 것처럼요.

We must communicate with each other. For instance, like listening to the other person until they finish.

Defining 'communication' through a specific behavior.

8

인생은 이를테면 마라톤과 같습니다. 서두를 필요가 없어요.

Life is, so to speak, like a marathon. There is no need to rush.

Classic philosophical analogy.

1

사회적 갈등을 해결하기 위해서는 대화가 필수적입니다. 이를테면 타협점을 찾아가는 과정이죠.

Dialogue is essential to resolve social conflicts. For instance, it's a process of finding a compromise.

Defining a complex process through a specific stage.

2

디지털 시대에는 정보 보안이 중요합니다. 이를테면 개인 정보를 철저히 관리하는 것입니다.

Information security is important in the digital age. For instance, thoroughly managing personal information.

Formal explanation of a modern necessity.

3

그 작가의 문체는 이를테면 한 편의 시를 읽는 듯한 느낌을 줍니다.

That author's style gives, so to speak, the feeling of reading a piece of poetry.

Using '듯한' (like) to describe an impression.

4

경제 위기를 극복하려면 구조 조정이 필요합니다. 이를테면 불필요한 지출을 줄이는 것이죠.

Structural adjustment is needed to overcome an economic crisis. For instance, reducing unnecessary spending.

Technical/Business context.

5

그 기술은 이를테면 인류 역사에 획을 긋는 발명입니다.

That technology is, so to speak, an invention that marks a milestone in human history.

Using an idiomatic expression '획을 긋다' (mark a milestone).

6

문화적 차이를 이해해야 합니다. 이를테면 각 나라의 예절을 존중하는 마음가짐이죠.

We must understand cultural differences. For instance, the mindset of respecting each country's etiquette.

Abstract concept defined by a specific attitude.

7

그의 행동은 이를테면 무언의 항의라고 볼 수 있습니다.

His behavior can be seen as, so to speak, a silent protest.

Interpreting an action as a symbolic gesture.

8

교육의 목적은 다양합니다. 이를테면 창의적인 인재를 양성하는 것이 그중 하나입니다.

The purposes of education are diverse. For instance, nurturing creative talent is one of them.

Introducing one item from a larger set of goals.

1

예술의 본질은 무엇일까요? 이를테면 인간의 영혼을 투영하는 거울이라고 할 수 있습니다.

What is the essence of art? For instance, it can be said to be a mirror reflecting the human soul.

Philosophical inquiry using a metaphorical example.

2

현대 철학에서 주체성은 매우 중요하게 다뤄집니다. 이를테면 타자와의 관계 속에서 형성되는 자아를 의미하죠.

In modern philosophy, subjectivity is treated as very important. For instance, it refers to the self formed within relationships with others.

Academic definition of a complex term.

3

그 정책은 이를테면 미봉책에 불과합니다. 근본적인 해결책이 아니라는 말이죠.

That policy is, so to speak, nothing more than a stopgap measure. It means it's not a fundamental solution.

Critical analysis using a specific term '미봉책' (stopgap).

4

언어는 이를테면 사고의 틀을 형성하는 도구와 같습니다.

Language is, so to speak, like a tool that shapes the framework of thought.

Linguistic theory presented as an analogy.

5

권력의 속성은 이를테면 물과 같아서, 한곳에 고여 있으면 썩기 마련입니다.

The nature of power is, so to speak, like water; if it stays in one place, it is bound to rot.

Proverbial comparison to explain a political concept.

6

그의 소설은 이를테면 삶의 부조리를 파헤치는 날카로운 칼날 같습니다.

His novel is, so to speak, like a sharp blade that digs into the absurdity of life.

Literary criticism with strong imagery.

7

민주주의는 이를테면 끊임없이 가꾸어야 하는 정원과 같습니다.

Democracy is, so to speak, like a garden that must be constantly tended.

Political metaphor regarding civic duty.

8

지식의 습득은 이를테면 거대한 산을 오르는 과정과 흡사합니다.

The acquisition of knowledge is, so to speak, similar to the process of climbing a giant mountain.

Using '흡사하다' (to be similar) with the adverb.

1

존재의 유한성은 이를테면 인간 실존의 가장 근원적인 비극이라 할 수 있습니다.

The finiteness of existence can be called, for instance, the most fundamental tragedy of human existence.

High-level existential discourse.

2

역사란 이를테면 과거와 현재의 끊임없는 대화라는 카의 말은 시사하는 바가 큽니다.

E.H. Carr's saying that history is, so to speak, an unending dialogue between the past and the present holds great significance.

Citing a famous definition within a complex sentence.

3

그의 통찰력은 이를테면 안개 속에서 길을 찾아내는 등불과도 같았습니다.

His insight was, so to speak, like a lantern finding a way through the fog.

Elevated metaphorical description.

4

법의 지배는 이를테면 사회 질서를 유지하는 보이지 않는 근간입니다.

The rule of law is, so to speak, the invisible foundation that maintains social order.

Legal and political philosophy.

5

인간의 욕망은 이를테면 밑 빠진 독에 물 붓기와 같아서 끝이 없습니다.

Human desire is, so to speak, like pouring water into a bottomless pot; it has no end.

Using a traditional Korean proverb '밑 빠진 독에 물 붓기'.

6

과학적 발견은 이를테면 미지의 세계로 향하는 문을 여는 열쇠입니다.

Scientific discovery is, so to speak, a key that opens the door to the unknown world.

Epistemological metaphor.

7

윤리적 책임은 이를테면 우리가 타인에게 빚지고 있는 도덕적 부채입니다.

Ethical responsibility is, so to speak, a moral debt we owe to others.

Moral philosophy using economic metaphors.

8

전통의 계승은 이를테면 과거의 불씨를 꺼뜨리지 않고 이어가는 작업입니다.

The succession of tradition is, so to speak, the work of continuing without letting the embers of the past go out.

Cultural preservation metaphor.

تلازمات شائعة

이를테면 이런 것이다
이를테면 다음과 같다
이를테면 ~와 같은
이를테면 ~인 셈이다
이를테면 ~라고 할까
이를테면 ~라는 뜻이다
이를테면 ~식이다
이를테면 ~에 해당한다
이를테면 ~처럼
이를테면 ~의 일종이다

العبارات الشائعة

이를테면 말이야

— Used in conversation to catch attention before giving an example. Similar to 'You know, for instance...'

이를테면 말이야, 나도 그런 적이 있어.

이를테면 그렇다는 거지

— Used to clarify that the previous example was just one possibility. 'I mean, it's like that.'

꼭 그렇다기보다 이를테면 그렇다는 거지.

이를테면 어떠냐 하면

— Used to introduce a detailed explanation of an example. 'If you ask what it's like, for instance...'

그 상황이 이를테면 어떠냐 하면 아주 복잡했어.

이를테면 이런 식이죠

— Used to summarize an example as a typical pattern. 'It's like this, for instance.'

일을 할 때는 이를테면 이런 식이죠.

이를테면 무엇이 있을까요?

— A rhetorical question used to prompt for examples. 'For instance, what might there be?'

장점으로는 이를테면 무엇이 있을까요?

이를테면 이런 느낌

— Used when trying to convey an abstract feeling. 'For instance, this kind of feeling.'

이를테면 이런 느낌으로 그려주세요.

이를테면 그게 문제야

— Pointing out a specific instance of a problem. 'For instance, that's the problem.'

약속을 안 지키는 거, 이를테면 그게 문제야.

이를테면 다 똑같아

— Using an example to show that everything is the same. 'For instance, they're all the same.'

이거나 저거나 이를테면 다 똑같아.

이를테면 한 예로

— Redundant but common way to say 'as one example.'

이를테면 한 예로 이 사건을 봅시다.

이를테면 그럴 수도 있지

— Acknowledging a hypothetical example. 'For instance, that could be the case.'

네 말대로 이를테면 그럴 수도 있지.

يُخلط عادةً مع

이를테면 vs 말하자면

Used for rephrasing or summarizing, while '이를테면' is for specific examples.

이를테면 vs 가령

Used for hypothetical 'what if' scenarios, while '이를테면' is for illustrative cases.

이를테면 vs 예를 들어

More direct and functional; '이를테면' is more explanatory and sophisticated.

تعبيرات اصطلاحية

"이를테면 산 넘어 산"

— Used to give an example of a situation getting harder. 'For instance, it's one obstacle after another.'

이번 프로젝트는 이를테면 산 넘어 산이네요.

Neutral
"이를테면 우물 안 개구리"

— Used to describe someone with a narrow perspective. 'For instance, like a frog in a well.'

그는 이를테면 우물 안 개구리 같은 사람이야.

Neutral
"이를테면 그림의 떡"

— Used for something unattainable. 'For instance, like a picture of a rice cake.'

저 차는 나에게 이를테면 그림의 떡이야.

Informal
"이를테면 식은 죽 먹기"

— Used for something very easy. 'For instance, as easy as eating cold porridge.'

이 문제는 이를테면 식은 죽 먹기죠.

Informal
"이를테면 밑 빠진 독"

— Used for a futile effort. 'For instance, like a bottomless pot.'

이 사업은 이를테면 밑 빠진 독에 물 붓기야.

Neutral
"이를테면 꿩 먹고 알 먹고"

— Used for killing two birds with one stone. 'For instance, eating the pheasant and the egg.'

이건 이를테면 꿩 먹고 알 먹고지.

Informal
"이를테면 모래 위에 쌓은 성"

— Used for something unstable. 'For instance, like a castle built on sand.'

우리의 계획은 이를테면 모래 위에 쌓은 성 같아.

Literary
"이를테면 마른하늘에 날벼락"

— Used for a sudden, unexpected disaster. 'For instance, a bolt from the blue.'

그 소식은 이를테면 마른하늘에 날벼락이었어.

Neutral
"이를테면 금상첨화"

— Used for something already good getting even better. 'For instance, adding flowers to silk.'

네가 오면 이를테면 금상첨화지.

Neutral
"이를테면 등 밑이 어둡다"

— Used when someone misses something right in front of them. 'For instance, it's dark under the lamp.'

찾는 게 바로 옆에 있었네. 이를테면 등 밑이 어둡다더니.

Neutral

سهل الخلط

이를테면 vs 말하자면

Both translate to 'so to speak' in English.

말하자면 focuses on 'in other words' (rephrasing), while 이를테면 focuses on 'for instance' (exemplifying).

말하자면 그는 천재야. (In other words, he's a genius.) vs 이를테면 그는 수학 천재야. (For instance, he's a math genius.)

이를테면 vs 가령

Both can introduce scenarios.

가령 is purely hypothetical (suppose), while 이를테면 is usually based on a general truth or category.

가령 내가 부자라면... (Suppose I were rich...) vs 이를테면 부자들은 차가 많아. (For instance, rich people have many cars.)

이를테면 vs

Both are transitions.

즉 means 'namely' or 'that is' and provides an exact equivalent. 이를테면 provides just one of many possible examples.

그는 내 형, 즉 아버지의 아들이다. (He is my brother, namely my father's son.)

이를테면 vs 예컨대

Both mean 'for example.'

예컨대 is much more formal and mostly used in academic writing or very formal speeches.

예컨대 민주주의의 원칙은... (For example, the principles of democracy...)

이를테면 vs 비유하자면

Both are used for comparisons.

비유하자면 explicitly states that a metaphor is being used. 이를테면 is more versatile and can introduce literal examples too.

비유하자면 인생은 항해다. (To use a metaphor, life is a voyage.)

أنماط الجُمل

A1

이를테면 [Noun]요.

이를테면 사과요.

A2

이를테면 [Noun]이나 [Noun] 같은 거요.

이를테면 축구나 농구 같은 거요.

B1

이를테면 [Noun]와/과 같습니다.

이를테면 가족과 같습니다.

B1

이를테면 [Verb-는] 것이죠.

이를테면 매일 연습하는 것이죠.

B2

이를테면 [Noun]인 셈입니다.

이를테면 제가 리더인 셈입니다.

B2

이를테면 [Noun]라고 할 수 있습니다.

이를테면 예술이라고 할 수 있습니다.

C1

이를테면 [Clause-는] 듯한 느낌입니다.

이를테면 꿈을 꾸는 듯한 느낌입니다.

C1

이를테면 [Noun]에 해당한다고 봅니다.

이를테면 혁신에 해당한다고 봅니다.

عائلة الكلمة

الأسماء

이름 (Name)
이름바 (So-called)

الأفعال

이르다 (To say, to call, to reach)

مرتبط

말하자면 (So to speak)
예를 들면 (For example)
가령 (Suppose)
다시 말해 (In other words)
즉 (Namely)

كيفية الاستخدام

frequency

Common in media, education, and professional settings. Less common in very casual street slang.

أخطاء شائعة
  • Using '이를테면' at the end of a sentence. Place it before the example.

    It is an introductory adverb. It needs something to follow it.

  • Confusing it with '가령' for hypotheticals. Use '가령' for 'What if' and '이를테면' for 'For instance'.

    '가령' is for things that aren't necessarily true yet. '이를테면' is for illustrations of a category.

  • Forgetting the '같은' or '이나' connectors. 이를테면 사과나 포도 같은 것.

    Without these, the example sounds disconnected from the sentence structure.

  • Using it for rephrasing (In other words). Use '말하자면' or '다시 말해'.

    '이를테면' is for adding new illustrative info, not just repeating the same info differently.

  • Overusing it in casual slang. Use '예를 들어' or just list the items.

    It can sound a bit too formal or stiff in very casual contexts.

نصائح

Pair with '같은'

When you give a noun as an example after '이를테면', always try to add '같은' (like) or '와/과 같은' to make it sound more natural and less like a list.

Use for Metaphors

While '예를 들어' is usually for literal examples, '이를테면' is perfect for introducing metaphors. Use it when you want to describe someone as 'a light' or 'an engine'.

Avoid Repetition

If you've already used '예를 들어' in a paragraph, switch to '이를테면' for the next example to keep your writing or speaking interesting.

Start the Sentence

For beginners, the easiest way to use it is at the very start of a new sentence that follows a general statement.

Polite Ending

When using it in speech, remember to end your sentence with a polite form like '~요' or '~입니다', even if the example is just a noun.

Wait for the Pause

Speakers often pause slightly after saying '이를테면'. Use this moment to process the general topic before the specific example arrives.

Academic Tone

In essays, use '이를테면' to show you are providing a representative case study. It adds a layer of intellectual rigor to your argument.

Softening Tone

Using '이를테면' can soften a direct statement, making it sound more like a suggestion or an observation rather than a hard fact.

Nominalize Verbs

If you want to use an action as an example, remember to change the verb to a noun form: '이를테면 운동하는 것' instead of '이를테면 운동하다'.

Be Specific

Koreans appreciate specific examples. Using '이를테면' shows you are taking the time to ensure the other person understands you clearly.

احفظها

وسيلة تذكّر

Think of 'I-REUL' as 'I rule' and 'TE-MYEON' as 'the menu'. If 'I rule the menu', I give you examples of what to eat! '이를테면... pizza!'

ربط بصري

Imagine a teacher holding a pointer and pointing to a specific apple among many fruits. The pointer is the word '이를테면'.

Word Web

이르다 (to say) 예 (example) 비유 (metaphor) 설명 (explanation) 이해 (understanding) 구체적 (specific) 종류 (kind/type) 비슷하다 (similar)

تحدٍّ

Try to use '이를테면' in three different sentences today: one about food, one about a hobby, and one about a friend. Make sure to use '같은' after the example!

أصل الكلمة

Derived from the Middle Korean verb '이르다' (to say/call). It combines the verb stem '이르-' with the prospective attributive suffix '-ㄹ', the bound noun '터' (meaning place, ground, or intention), and the conditional particle '-(이)면'.

المعنى الأصلي: Literally, 'If it is the ground/intention to call it...'

Koreanic

السياق الثقافي

There are no major sensitivities, but avoid overusing it in very casual text messages as it can seem overly formal or 'trying too hard'.

Similar to how English speakers use 'For instance' to sound slightly more formal than 'For example'.

Used frequently in the essays of Lee O-young, a famous Korean critic, to explain cultural concepts. Commonly heard in 'Sebasi' (the Korean version of TED talks) by speakers clarifying their points. Appears in many classic Korean novels to introduce character analogies.

تدرّب في الحياة الواقعية

سياقات واقعية

Explaining Hobbies

  • 이를테면 요리 같은 거요
  • 이를테면 등산이나 낚시
  • 이를테면 주말마다 하는 운동
  • 이를테면 새로 시작한 취미

Describing Personality

  • 이를테면 천사 같은 사람
  • 이를테면 아주 꼼꼼한 성격
  • 이를테면 리더십이 있는 분
  • 이를테면 조용한 스타일

Academic Discussion

  • 이를테면 다음과 같은 사례
  • 이를테면 경제적 관점에서
  • 이를테면 환경 오염의 영향
  • 이를테면 기술적 한계

Giving Directions/Advice

  • 이를테면 이쪽 길로 가세요
  • 이를테면 매일 연습하세요
  • 이를테면 비타민을 드세요
  • 이를테면 일찍 주무세요

Metaphorical Explanations

  • 이를테면 폭풍 전야 같아요
  • 이를테면 사막의 오아시스
  • 이를테면 보이지 않는 손
  • 이를테면 톱니바퀴처럼

بدايات محادثة

"한국 음식 중에서 어떤 걸 좋아하세요? 이를테면 비빔밥 같은 거요."

"요즘 취미가 뭐예요? 이를테면 운동이나 독서 같은 거요."

"스트레스 풀 때 뭐 하세요? 이를테면 여행을 가거나 잠을 자나요?"

"가장 가보고 싶은 나라가 어디예요? 이를테면 유럽이나 남미 같은 곳요?"

"어떤 스타일의 옷을 좋아하세요? 이를테면 캐주얼한 스타일요?"

مواضيع للكتابة اليومية

오늘 하루 중 가장 기억에 남는 순간은 무엇인가요? 이를테면 친구와 점심을 먹었을 때나 예쁜 카페에 갔을 때 같은 거요.

내가 생각하는 '행복'이란 무엇인가요? 이를테면 가족과 함께 저녁을 먹는 것 같은 소소한 일들을 써보세요.

나의 장점은 무엇인가요? 이를테면 성실함이나 밝은 성격 같은 것들을 구체적인 예와 함께 적어보세요.

앞으로 배우고 싶은 기술은 무엇인가요? 이를테면 외국어나 프로그래밍 같은 것들을 왜 배우고 싶은지 써보세요.

내가 가장 좋아하는 계절은 언제인가요? 이를테면 봄의 꽃이나 겨울의 눈 같은 계절의 특징을 설명해보세요.

الأسئلة الشائعة

10 أسئلة

No, '이를테면' is an adverb that introduces an example, so it must come before the example it refers to. Placing it at the end would leave the listener waiting for the example that never comes. For example, '사과 이를테면' is incorrect; '이를테면 사과' is correct.

It is generally considered polite and semi-formal. It is very common in presentations, books, and polite conversation. While you can use it with friends, using it too much in a very casual setting might make you sound a bit like a professor.

They are very similar, but '예를 들어' is more functional and direct. '이를테면' has a more 'explanatory' feel, as if you are redefining a concept for the listener. Think of '예를 들어' as 'For example' and '이를테면' as 'For instance' or 'So to speak'.

In written Korean, a comma is often used after '이를테면' if it starts a sentence, especially to provide a pause. However, it is not strictly required, particularly in shorter sentences or more casual writing.

Yes, but you usually need to turn the verb into a noun form first. For instance, '이를테면 공부하는 것' (For instance, studying). You can't just put a raw verb after it without a nominalizer like '~는 것'.

Yes, it is often used as an interjection to provide a metaphorical comparison. For example: '그는 우리 팀의 이를테면 보물 같은 존재입니다' (He is, so to speak, a treasure-like existence for our team).

It is an old grammatical structure. 'ㄹ' is future/prospective, '터' means basis/intention, and '이면' means 'if'. Together, it literally means 'if it is the intention to call/say it as...'

Absolutely! It sounds very professional and shows that you can support your claims with specific examples. It makes you sound organized and articulate.

Yes, you will hear it when characters are explaining their feelings, giving advice, or discussing work. It's a standard part of natural, polite Korean speech.

Not exactly. For purely hypothetical suppositions like 'Suppose you win the lottery,' '가령' or '만약' is better. '이를테면' is better for giving an example of a general category.

اختبر نفسك 180 أسئلة

writing

Write a sentence using '이를테면' to give an example of a fruit you like.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
writing

Write a sentence using '이를테면' to describe a kind person.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
writing

Write a sentence using '이를테면' as a metaphor for a teacher.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
writing

Write a sentence using '이를테면' to explain how to save money.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
writing

Write a sentence using '이를테면' to describe life.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
writing

Translate: 'For instance, like a dream.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
writing

Translate: 'He is, so to speak, a genius.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
writing

Translate: 'For instance, reducing plastic usage.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
writing

Write a sentence about your hobby using '이를테면'.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
writing

Write a sentence about Seoul using '이를테면'.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
writing

Write a sentence about friendship using '이를테면'.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
writing

Write a sentence about a difficult situation using '이를테면'.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
writing

Write a sentence about a movie using '이를테면'.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
writing

Write a sentence about study tips using '이를테면'.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
writing

Write a sentence about traditional culture using '이를테면'.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
writing

Write a sentence about technology using '이를테면'.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
writing

Write a sentence about nature using '이를테면'.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
writing

Write a sentence about a book using '이를테면'.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
writing

Write a sentence about health using '이를테면'.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
writing

Write a sentence about time using '이를테면'.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
speaking

Pronounce '이를테면' clearly.

Read this aloud:

صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
speaking

Say 'For example, apples' in Korean.

Read this aloud:

صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
speaking

Say 'For instance, like a movie' in Korean.

Read this aloud:

صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
speaking

Make a sentence: 'I like sports, for instance, soccer.'

Read this aloud:

صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
speaking

Explain a 'treasure' friend using '이를테면'.

Read this aloud:

صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
speaking

Use '이를테면' to give an example of a Korean food.

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صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
speaking

Describe a difficult task as 'climbing a mountain' using '이를테면'.

Read this aloud:

صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
speaking

Say 'So to speak, he is a genius.'

Read this aloud:

صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
speaking

Use '이를테면' to suggest a gift.

Read this aloud:

صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
speaking

Say 'Life is like a marathon' using '이를테면'.

Read this aloud:

صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
speaking

Describe a person as 'a light' using '이를테면'.

Read this aloud:

صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
speaking

Give an example of a hobby using '이를테면'.

Read this aloud:

صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
speaking

Explain a 'silent protest' using '이를테면'.

Read this aloud:

صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
speaking

Describe a book as a 'treasure chest' using '이를테면'.

Read this aloud:

صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
speaking

Use '이를테면' in a formal presentation sentence.

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صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
speaking

Say 'For instance, like this.'

Read this aloud:

صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
speaking

Use '이를테면' to explain a metaphor for love.

Read this aloud:

صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
speaking

Say 'For instance, fruits like grapes.'

Read this aloud:

صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
speaking

Describe a team leader as 'an engine' using '이를테면'.

Read this aloud:

صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
speaking

Say 'It's like a dream come true' using '이를테면'.

Read this aloud:

صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
listening

Listen to: '과일을 좋아해요. 이를테면 사과요.' What is the example?

صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
listening

Listen to: '그는 이를테면 천재입니다.' What is he?

صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
listening

Listen to: '서울에는 볼 게 많아요. 이를테면 경복궁요.' What is the place mentioned?

صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
listening

Listen to: '인생은 이를테면 마라톤입니다.' What is life compared to?

صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
listening

Listen to: '이를테면 이런 느낌이에요.' What is being described?

صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
listening

Listen to: '이를테면 플라스틱을 줄입시다.' What should be reduced?

صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
listening

Listen to: '그는 이를테면 보물 같은 존재입니다.' How is he described?

صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
listening

Listen to: '취미가 다양해요. 이를테면 요리요.' What is the hobby?

صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
listening

Listen to: '이를테면 산 넘어 산이네요.' Is the situation easy or hard?

صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
listening

Listen to: '이를테면 무언의 항의입니다.' What kind of protest is it?

صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
listening

Listen to: '이를테면 금상첨화죠.' Is the situation getting better or worse?

صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
listening

Listen to: '이를테면 그림의 떡이에요.' Can they have it?

صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
listening

Listen to: '이를테면 우물 안 개구리죠.' What is the metaphor?

صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
listening

Listen to: '이를테면 식은 죽 먹기예요.' Is it easy or hard?

صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
listening

Listen to: '이를테면 밑 빠진 독이에요.' Is it a waste of effort?

صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:

/ 180 correct

Perfect score!

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