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A2 adjective 14 دقيقة للقراءة

teimoso

تدرّب عليها أمثلة ملاحظات ونصائح teimoso في 30 ثانية

الشرح teimoso in your Level:

At the A1 level, you should learn 'teimoso' as a basic descriptive word for people. It is most commonly used to describe children or pets who do not follow instructions. You will usually see it paired with the verb 'ser' (to be). For example: 'O gato é teimoso' (The cat is stubborn). At this stage, focus on the masculine form 'teimoso' and the feminine form 'teimosa'. It is a useful word for basic introductions and describing family members. You might hear it in simple stories or during classroom instructions. Think of it as the opposite of 'obediente' (obedient). It is a high-frequency word because it relates to everyday behavior and personality. When you start learning adjectives, 'teimoso' is a great one to practice gender agreement because the 'o' to 'a' change is very clear. You should also learn the basic plural forms: 'teimosos' and 'teimosa'. Avoid complex sentences and focus on simple 'Subject + Verb + Adjective' structures. For example: 'Eu não sou teimoso' (I am not stubborn). This level is about building the foundation, so just knowing the word and its basic application is enough. You might also encounter it in simple cartoons or children's books where a character refuses to do something. Remember that the 's' sounds like a 'z'. Practice saying 'tei-MO-zo'.

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

At the A2 level, you begin to use 'teimoso' in more varied contexts. You can now distinguish between 'ser teimoso' (being stubborn as a personality trait) and 'estar teimoso' (acting stubborn in a specific moment). This is a key distinction in Portuguese that adds a layer of sophistication to your speech. You will also start to see 'teimoso' used to describe inanimate objects, such as a 'mancha teimosa' (a stubborn stain). You can use it in more complex sentences with conjunctions like 'porque' (because) or 'mas' (but). For example: 'Ele é teimoso, mas é um bom amigo' (He is stubborn, but he is a good friend). At this level, you should also be comfortable using the adverb 'muito' (very) to intensify the adjective: 'muito teimoso'. You might hear this word in daily conversations about friends, colleagues, or news stories. It's also a good time to learn the noun form 'teimosia' (stubbornness). You can say 'A tua teimosia é difícil' (Your stubbornness is difficult). You'll start to notice the word in more natural, fast-paced dialogue. You should also be able to form simple comparisons: 'Ele é mais teimoso do que eu' (He is more stubborn than I am). This level is about expanding your ability to describe the world around you with more nuance, and 'teimoso' is a perfect tool for that.

At the B1 level, you can use 'teimoso' to express opinions and handle more abstract discussions. You might discuss why someone is 'teimoso' and the consequences of that behavior. You will start using the adverbial form 'teimosamente' (stubbornly) to describe how someone does something: 'Ele teimosamente continuou o seu caminho' (He stubbornly continued his path). At this stage, you should also be familiar with common idioms and phrases, such as 'teimoso como uma mula' (stubborn as a mule). You can use 'teimoso' in the subjunctive mood to express hypothetical situations or desires: 'Espero que ele não seja teimoso' (I hope he isn't stubborn). You will encounter the word in more diverse media, like newspapers or podcasts, where it might be used to describe political figures or social movements. You should also start to recognize synonyms like 'obstinado' or 'turrão' and understand when to use them instead of 'teimoso'. This level requires a deeper understanding of the word's social connotations—how it can be used to criticize or, occasionally, to show respect for someone's persistence. You can also use it in more complex grammatical structures, such as relative clauses: 'O homem, que era muito teimoso, não aceitou o conselho' (The man, who was very stubborn, did not accept the advice).

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

At the B2 level, you have a nuanced command of 'teimoso'. You understand the subtle differences between it and its synonyms like 'pertinaz' or 'casmurro'. You can use the word in formal debates and professional settings, knowing when it might be too informal and when it is perfectly appropriate. You can discuss the concept of 'teimosia' as a psychological trait or a cultural characteristic. For example, you might analyze a character in a Portuguese novel and describe their 'teimosia' as their tragic flaw. You are comfortable using the word in all tenses, including the conditional and the various past tenses. You can also use the superlative 'teimosíssimo' for maximum emphasis. At this level, you should be able to understand the word when it's used sarcastically or ironically in complex social interactions. You can also use it to describe abstract concepts, like 'uma crise teimosa' (a stubborn crisis) in an economic context. Your vocabulary is rich enough that you don't just rely on 'teimoso'; you choose it specifically for its connotations of willfulness and resistance. You can also explain the etymology of the word and how it relates to other Romance languages. You are likely to hear it in more sophisticated media, such as political commentary or academic lectures on sociology or psychology.

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

At the C1 level, your use of 'teimoso' is indistinguishable from that of a native speaker. You can use it to add precise color and tone to your writing and speech. You understand the historical and literary contexts of the word. For instance, you might know how 'teimosia' has been portrayed in classic Portuguese literature or how it features in regional folk tales. You can use the word and its derivatives to construct complex, persuasive arguments. You are also aware of the most obscure synonyms and can use them to avoid repetition in long texts. You can detect the subtle shift in meaning when 'teimoso' is used in different Lusophone countries (e.g., Portugal vs. Brazil). You can use the word in highly idiomatic ways and understand the cultural 'scripts' associated with being 'teimoso' in different social classes. You might use the word in a creative writing context to build a character's voice or to create a specific atmosphere. At this level, you are also comfortable with the word's use in technical or specialized fields, such as medicine (e.g., a stubborn infection) or law (e.g., a stubborn refusal to testify), and you understand the legal or clinical implications of those terms. You can engage in deep discussions about the fine line between 'teimosia' (negative) and 'perseverança' (positive).

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

At the C2 level, you possess a mastery of 'teimoso' that allows you to play with the word's meaning and sounds. You can use it in poetry or high-level rhetoric to evoke specific emotions or cultural resonances. You understand the word's place in the broad evolution of the Portuguese language and can discuss its Latin roots and how they differ from those of its English counterparts. You can use 'teimoso' in puns, jokes, and sophisticated wordplay. You are sensitive to the tiniest nuances of tone—how a slight change in intonation can turn 'teimoso' from a harsh rebuke into a term of endearment. You can write academic papers or literary critiques that analyze the theme of 'teimosia' in national identity. Your understanding of the word is not just linguistic but deeply cultural and psychological. You can navigate the most complex social situations where 'teimosia' is at play, using the word (or choosing not to use it) to achieve specific social goals. You are a master of the word's synonyms and antonyms, using them to create rhythm and variety in your speech. At this level, 'teimoso' is just one small part of a vast, perfectly controlled linguistic arsenal that you use with effortless precision and creativity.

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

تدرّب عليها أمثلة ملاحظات ونصائح

teimoso في 30 ثانية

Teimoso means stubborn or headstrong in Portuguese, used for people and persistent problems.
It is usually paired with 'ser' for character traits or 'estar' for temporary moods.
The word changes to 'teimosa' for females and 'teimosos/as' for plurals.
Common synonyms include 'obstinado' (formal) and 'turrão' (informal/Brazilian).

The word teimoso is a cornerstone of Portuguese personality descriptions. At its core, it describes someone who refuses to change their mind, course of action, or opinion, even when presented with compelling reasons to do so. It is most frequently translated as 'stubborn' or 'headstrong.' However, the cultural weight of being teimoso in Lusophone cultures can range from a frustrating character flaw to a respected sign of resilience and grit. Understanding the nuance of this word requires looking at how it is applied to different age groups and situations.

The Childhood Context: In Portuguese-speaking households, children are often called 'teimosos' when they refuse to eat their vegetables or go to bed. It is one of the first adjectives a child learns because it describes the natural friction between parental authority and developing autonomy. A 'criança teimosa' is one who tests boundaries repeatedly.

O meu filho é tão teimoso que nunca quer levar o casaco, mesmo com frio.

Beyond the nursery, the word evolves. In adult relationships, being teimoso can be the source of significant conflict. It implies a lack of flexibility. If you are arguing about where to go for dinner and your partner refuses to consider anything but their first choice, they are being teimoso. It suggests a certain 'blindness' to the needs or logic of others. In professional settings, the term might be used to describe a colleague who sticks to an outdated method despite new evidence, showing a 'dogged determination' that borders on the counter-productive.

Positive Connotations: While often negative, 'teimoso' can sometimes be used with a wink of admiration. If someone achieves a difficult goal against all odds through sheer refusal to give up, they might be called teimoso in a way that equates to 'persistent' or 'tenacious.' In this sense, it describes the Portuguese spirit of 'desenrascar'—finding a way through obstacles by simply refusing to be defeated by them.

Ela foi teimosa o suficiente para terminar a maratona apesar da dor.

The word also has a physical application. One might speak of a 'mancha teimosa' (a stubborn stain) that won't come out of a shirt, or a 'tosse teimosa' (a stubborn cough) that persists for weeks. In these cases, the object or ailment is personified as having its own will to remain unchanged. This versatility makes it one of the most useful adjectives in the Portuguese language for describing anything that resists change or influence. Whether you are talking about a person, an animal, or a physical problem, teimoso captures that essence of resistance perfectly.

Grammatical Gender: Remember that as an adjective, it must agree with the noun. A man is 'teimoso', a woman is 'teimosa', a group of men is 'teimosos', and a group of women is 'teimosas'. If the group is mixed, use the masculine plural 'teimosos'.

Eles são muito teimosos e nunca admitem quando estão errados.

Deixa de ser teimoso e ouve o que eu tenho para dizer!

In summary, teimoso is a word that bridges the gap between a personality trait and a descriptive state. It is essential for daily conversation, whether you are venting about a boss, describing a pet, or talking about a persistent cold. It carries the weight of human willfulness in all its forms.

Using teimoso correctly involves more than just knowing its definition; you must understand its placement and how it interacts with verbs like ser and estar. Because stubbornness is often viewed as an inherent personality trait, it is most frequently paired with the verb ser. When you say 'Ele é teimoso,' you are suggesting that stubbornness is a defining part of his character. He was born stubborn, and he will likely die stubborn. This is a permanent or long-term state of being.

Ser vs. Estar: Contrast 'ser' with 'estar'. If you say 'Ele está teimoso hoje,' you are implying that his stubbornness is a temporary mood or a specific reaction to a current situation. Perhaps he is usually flexible, but today he is being particularly difficult. Using 'estar' softens the blow and focuses on the behavior rather than the person's identity.

Não sejas teimoso, aceita a ajuda que te estamos a oferecer.

The adjective usually follows the noun it modifies, which is the standard rule in Portuguese. For example, 'um burro teimoso' (a stubborn donkey). However, for stylistic emphasis, particularly in literature or emotive speech, it can occasionally precede the noun, though this is rare for this specific word. More commonly, you will see it used as a predicative adjective following a linking verb. It is also important to note that teimoso can function as a noun in certain contexts. 'O teimoso não quis sair' (The stubborn [one] didn't want to leave).

Comparisons and Intensifiers: To compare degrees of stubbornness, use 'mais... do que'. For example, 'Ela é mais teimosa do que o pai' (She is more stubborn than her father). To intensify it, you can use 'muito', 'bastante', or 'extremamente'. In informal speech, you might hear 'teimoso que só ele' (stubborn as only he can be).

Esta mancha é tão teimosa que nem a lixívia a tirou.

In negative sentences, 'teimoso' is often used to criticize someone's refusal to see reason. 'Não sejas tão teimoso!' is a very common command given during arguments. It serves as an appeal to the other person's logic and flexibility. It can also be used in conditional sentences: 'Se não fosses tão teimoso, já teríamos resolvido isto' (If you weren't so stubborn, we would have solved this already).

Adverbial Form: The adverbial form is 'teimosamente' (stubbornly). It describes actions performed with stubbornness. 'Ele continuou teimosamente a negar a verdade' (He stubbornly continued to deny the truth).

A porta, teimosa, recusava-se a abrir apesar da chave certa.

Mastering 'teimoso' allows you to describe a wide range of human behaviors and physical resistances. It is a word that requires attention to gender, number, and the distinction between permanent traits and temporary behaviors.

You will encounter teimoso everywhere in the Lusophone world, from the cobblestone streets of Lisbon to the bustling avenues of São Paulo. It is a word deeply embedded in the daily vernacular because it describes a universal human trait. One of the most common places to hear it is within the family unit. Parents, grandparents, and siblings use it constantly to describe one another. It is often said with a sigh of exasperation or a small smile of recognition.

In the Media and Literature: In Portuguese soap operas (telenovelas), characters are frequently described as 'teimosos'. A common trope is the wealthy, elderly patriarch who is 'teimoso' and refuses to change his will or listen to his children. In literature, authors use the word to add depth to characters, showing their inner strength or their fatal flaws. It is a word that provides immediate insight into a character's psychology.

Naquela novela, o protagonista é um homem teimoso que luta pelo que acredita.

In the workplace, you might hear it during meetings or in the breakroom. If a project is stalled because someone refuses to compromise, their colleagues might describe them as teimoso behind their back. It is a way of identifying the source of a bottleneck. However, a manager might also use it in a performance review to describe a 'teimosa persistência' that led to a breakthrough, though they would likely choose a more professional synonym like 'persistente' in a formal document.

Common Proverbs and Sayings: There are various sayings that involve the concept of stubbornness. While the word 'teimoso' itself might not always be present, the idea is central. One example is 'Água mole em pedra dura, tanto bate até que fura' (Soft water on hard stone hits until it bores through), which celebrates the positive side of being teimoso: persistence.

Ele é teimoso como uma mula, não adianta tentar convencê-lo.

You will also hear it in sports commentary. A team that 'teimosamente' defends their goal against a superior opponent is often praised for their grit. Or a coach might be criticized for being 'teimoso' by sticking to a losing strategy or a specific player who isn't performing. In these contexts, the word captures the high-stakes nature of decision-making and the consequences of refusing to adapt.

Music and Lyrics: In Fado or Brazilian MPB, songs often deal with 'teimosia' in love. A singer might lament being 'teimoso' for loving someone who doesn't love them back, or for returning to a relationship that they know is doomed. Here, the word takes on a poetic, melancholic quality, representing the heart's refusal to listen to the mind.

O meu coração é teimoso e ainda te espera todas as noites.

From the most casual street slang to formal literary analysis, teimoso is a word that resonates with the human experience of holding one's ground. It is an essential part of the linguistic toolkit for anyone looking to truly understand and speak Portuguese.

For English speakers learning Portuguese, teimoso is relatively straightforward, but there are several pitfalls to avoid to ensure you sound natural and are grammatically correct. The most common mistake is failing to adjust the word for gender and number. Since English adjectives like 'stubborn' are immutable, it is easy to forget that in Portuguese, you must say 'elas são teimosas' and not 'elas são teimoso'. This is a fundamental rule that, if broken, immediately marks you as a beginner.

Confusing Ser and Estar: As mentioned before, using 'ser' when you mean 'estar' (or vice versa) can change the meaning of your sentence. If you tell a friend 'Tu és teimoso', you are making a judgment about their entire personality. If you say 'Tu estás teimoso', you are commenting on their current behavior. Using the wrong verb can make your comment seem more aggressive or personal than intended.

Erro comum: 'Ela é teimoso.' Correto: 'Ela é teimosa.'

Another mistake is using teimoso in contexts where a more specific word is required. While 'stubborn' is a good catch-all in English, Portuguese has many nuances. For example, if you want to describe someone who is stubborn in a very grumpy, silent way, 'casmurro' is a better choice. If you use 'teimoso', you might miss the specific 'grumpy' connotation. Similarly, if someone is being persistent in a positive, professional way, 'persistente' or 'obstinado' might be more appropriate than the slightly more informal 'teimoso'.

Overusing the Word: Because 'teimoso' is a common word, learners often use it for everything. However, using it for a 'stubborn problem' (like a math equation) might sound slightly odd if 'difícil' (difficult) or 'complicado' (complicated) is what you really mean. Save 'teimoso' for things that seem to have a 'will' of their own to resist you.

Não confunda teimoso (stubborn) com 'temeroso' (fearful)! São palavras muito diferentes.

There is also the risk of 'False Friends'. While not a direct false friend, English speakers might confuse 'teimoso' with words that sound similar in other languages. In Spanish, the word 'terco' is more common for 'stubborn', though 'temoso' exists but is less frequent. If you have studied Spanish, be careful not to default to 'terco' when speaking Portuguese, as it is much less common in Portugal and Brazil.

Word Order with Adverbs: When using 'teimosamente', learners often place it at the end of the sentence as they would in English. In Portuguese, it often sounds more natural placed closer to the verb: 'Ele teimosamente recusou' rather than 'Ele recusou teimosamente', though both are technically correct.

Ele é um teimoso de primeira! (He is a first-class stubborn person!)

Avoiding these common mistakes will help you use 'teimoso' with the precision of a native speaker. Pay attention to the verb choice, the gender agreement, and the specific context to ensure your message is clear and culturally appropriate.

Portuguese is rich with synonyms for teimoso, each carrying its own specific flavor and intensity. Knowing these alternatives allows you to be more precise in your descriptions and avoid repeating the same word in a conversation or piece of writing. The choice of word often depends on whether you view the stubbornness as a positive or negative trait, and how formal the situation is.

Obstinado: This is a more formal and often more positive synonym. It implies a strong-willed determination to achieve a goal. While a 'teimoso' person might just be difficult, an 'obstinado' person is usually driven by a purpose. It is the word you would use in a biography of a great explorer or scientist.
Turrão: This is a very common, informal term, especially in Brazil. It describes someone who is 'hard-headed' or 'cranky-stubborn'. It has a slightly more colloquial and sometimes affectionate feel than 'teimoso'. You might call your grandfather a 'velho turrão'.

Ele é um turrão, mas tem um bom coração.

Other alternatives include persistente (persistent), which is almost always positive, and pertinaz, which is very formal and describes something that lasts for a long time or someone who is extremely dogged. If you want to describe someone who is stubborn in a quiet, introverted, or even slightly sullen way, casmurro is the perfect word. It was famously used by Machado de Assis in the title of his masterpiece 'Dom Casmurro'.

Testudo: Literally meaning 'big-headed' (from 'testa' - forehead), this is a more physical way to describe stubbornness. It is similar to 'headstrong' in English and is quite informal.
Ferrenho: This word is often used to describe stubbornness in beliefs or loyalties. A 'ferrenho adepto' is a 'die-hard fan'. It comes from 'ferro' (iron), suggesting a will that is as hard as metal.

Ela é uma defensora ferrenha dos direitos dos animais.

When looking for antonyms, the most common is flexível (flexible). A person who is flexible is willing to change their mind and adapt to new information. Other opposites include dócil (docile/compliant), compreensivo (understanding), and maleável (malleable). These words describe a person who is easy to influence or who prioritizes harmony over being right.

Comparison Table

Teimoso vs. Persistente: Negative vs. Positive focus.
Teimoso vs. Turrão: Neutral vs. Colloquial/Grumpy.
Teimoso vs. Casmurro: Outwardly difficult vs. Inwardly sullen.

Ao contrário do irmão teimoso, ele é muito flexível.

By expanding your vocabulary with these synonyms and antonyms, you can navigate social situations more effectively and express yourself with greater subtlety. Whether you are describing a 'teimoso' child or an 'obstinado' leader, you will have the right word for the job.

How Formal Is It?

حقيقة ممتعة

While 'teimoso' comes from a word for 'theme', it has completely shifted to describe the person who holds onto that theme too tightly. It's a great example of how a word for a 'topic' became a word for a 'trait'.

دليل النطق

UK /tejˈmo.zu/

US /teɪˈmoʊ.zu/

The stress is on the second syllable: tei-MO-zo.

يتقافى مع

formoso gozoso brioso vagaroso famoso guloso idoso precioso

أخطاء شائعة

Pronouncing the 's' as an 's' instead of a 'z'.
Flattening the 'ei' sound into a simple 'e'.
Stressing the first or last syllable instead of the middle one.
Making the final 'o' sound too much like an 'oh' instead of a soft 'u'.
Forgetting to change the ending for feminine 'teimosa' (the 'o' becomes an open 'aw' sound in some regions).

مستوى الصعوبة

القراءة 2/5

Easy to recognize in texts due to its frequent use and clear endings.

الكتابة 3/5

Requires attention to gender and number agreement.

التحدث 3/5

The nasal 'ei' and middle 'o' stress need practice.

الاستماع 2/5

Commonly used in clear, everyday speech.

ماذا تتعلّم بعد ذلك

المتطلبات الأساسية

ser estar muito não pessoa

تعلّم لاحقاً

obstinado persistente flexível teimosia teimar

متقدم

pertinaz casmurro estultícia dogmático intransigente

قواعد يجب معرفتها

Adjective Agreement

O rapaz teimoso / A rapariga teimosa.

Placement of Adjectives

Usually follows the noun: 'Um problema teimoso'.

Superlative Formation

Teimoso -> Teimosíssimo.

Adverb Formation with -mente

Teimosa + mente = Teimosamente.

Ser vs Estar with Personality

Ele é teimoso (character) vs Ele está teimoso (mood).

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

أمثلة حسب المستوى

O meu cão é muito teimoso.

My dog is very stubborn.

Masculine singular adjective 'teimoso' matching 'cão'.

Ela é uma menina teimosa.

She is a stubborn girl.

Feminine singular 'teimosa' matching 'menina'.

Eles são teimosos.

They are stubborn.

Masculine plural 'teimosos' for a group of males.

Eu não sou teimoso.

I am not stubborn.

Negative sentence structure: 'não' before the verb.

O gato teimoso não quer comer.

The stubborn cat does not want to eat.

Adjective 'teimoso' placed after the noun 'gato'.

Tu és teimoso?

Are you stubborn?

Question form using the second person singular 'tu'.

As crianças são teimosas.

The children are stubborn.

Feminine plural 'teimosas' (if referring to girls or used generally for a mixed group in some contexts, though 'teimosos' is technically standard for mixed).

O avô é um pouco teimoso.

Grandpa is a bit stubborn.

Use of 'um pouco' (a bit) to modify the adjective.

Não sejas teimoso e come a sopa.

Don't be stubborn and eat the soup.

Negative imperative 'não sejas'.

Esta mancha teimosa não sai.

This stubborn stain won't come out.

Metaphorical use of 'teimosa' for an object.

Ele está teimoso hoje por causa do cansaço.

He is being stubborn today because of tiredness.

Use of 'estar' for a temporary state.

A minha irmã é mais teimosa do que eu.

My sister is more stubborn than I am.

Comparative 'mais... do que'.

Por que é que és tão teimoso?

Why are you so stubborn?

Use of 'tão' (so) for emphasis.

O teimoso do meu irmão não quis vir.

My stubborn brother didn't want to come.

Using 'teimoso' as a noun with 'do'.

Eles foram teimosos e perderam o autocarro.

They were stubborn and missed the bus.

Past tense 'foram' (pretérito perfeito).

A gata é teimosa mas muito fofa.

The cat is stubborn but very cute.

Conjunction 'mas' (but) connecting two adjectives.

Ele continuou teimosamente a sua busca.

He stubbornly continued his search.

Adverb 'teimosamente'.

Se não fosses tão teimoso, tudo seria mais fácil.

If you weren't so stubborn, everything would be easier.

Imperfect subjunctive 'fosses' and conditional 'seria'.

A teimosia dele é a sua maior fraqueza.

His stubbornness is his greatest weakness.

Noun form 'teimosia'.

Ele é teimoso como uma mula quando se trata de dinheiro.

He is stubborn as a mule when it comes to money.

Idiomatic comparison 'teimoso como uma mula'.

Apesar de ser teimoso, ele aceitou o nosso conselho.

Despite being stubborn, he accepted our advice.

Conjunction 'apesar de' followed by the infinitive.

Não entendo essa tua atitude teimosa.

I don't understand that stubborn attitude of yours.

Adjective 'teimosa' modifying 'atitude'.

Dizem que as pessoas desta região são teimosas.

They say people from this region are stubborn.

Indirect speech 'Dizem que'.

Ele é um teimoso de primeira, nunca muda de ideias.

He is a first-class stubborn person, he never changes his mind.

Colloquialism 'de primeira'.

A sua teimosia em não admitir o erro custou-lhe o emprego.

His stubbornness in not admitting the mistake cost him his job.

Complex noun phrase as a subject.

Era um homem obstinado, quase teimoso na sua dedicação.

He was an obstinate man, almost stubborn in his dedication.

Nuanced comparison between 'obstinado' and 'teimoso'.

O governo enfrentou uma oposição teimosa às novas leis.

The government faced stubborn opposition to the new laws.

Formal/Political context for 'teimosa'.

Mesmo perante a evidência, ele permaneceu teimoso.

Even in the face of evidence, he remained stubborn.

Prepositional phrase 'perante a evidência'.

A tosse teimosa persistiu durante todo o inverno.

The stubborn cough persisted throughout the winter.

Medical/Physical personification.

Ela é teimosíssima e não há quem a convença do contrário.

She is extremely stubborn and no one can convince her otherwise.

Superlative form 'teimosíssima'.

Não confundas persistência com teimosia cega.

Don't confuse persistence with blind stubbornness.

Abstract noun usage 'teimosia cega'.

O realizador foi teimoso ao manter aquela cena no filme.

The director was stubborn in keeping that scene in the movie.

Use of 'ao' + infinitive (in keeping).

A personagem principal revela uma teimosia quase patológica.

The main character reveals an almost pathological stubbornness.

Literary analysis vocabulary.

A inflação tem-se mostrado teimosa, apesar das medidas tomadas.

Inflation has proven to be stubborn, despite the measures taken.

Economic context, reflexive 'tem-se mostrado'.

Havia uma certa nobreza na sua teimosia em defender os seus princípios.

There was a certain nobility in his stubbornness to defend his principles.

Abstract and philosophical usage.

Ele recusou teimosamente submeter-se às novas diretrizes.

He stubbornly refused to submit to the new guidelines.

Adverbial placement for emphasis.

A teimosia é, por vezes, a única defesa dos oprimidos.

Stubbornness is sometimes the only defense of the oppressed.

Sociological/Philosophical statement.

O negociador encontrou uma barreira teimosa de silêncio.

The negotiator encountered a stubborn barrier of silence.

Metaphorical 'barreira teimosa'.

Ela possuía aquela teimosia típica de quem sabe o que quer.

She possessed that typical stubbornness of someone who knows what they want.

Relative clause 'de quem sabe'.

O sistema, teimoso, continuava a dar erro.

The system, stubborn, continued to give an error.

Personification of technology.

A teimosia, quando despida de razão, torna-se mera estultícia.

Stubbornness, when stripped of reason, becomes mere foolishness.

High-level vocabulary 'estultícia'.

É na teimosia dos factos que a teoria muitas vezes naufraga.

It is on the stubbornness of facts that theory often founders.

Metaphorical and academic register.

O autor explora a dicotomia entre a teimosia estéril e a persistência fecunda.

The author explores the dichotomy between sterile stubbornness and fruitful persistence.

Literary criticism terminology.

A sua teimosia era tal que desafiava qualquer lógica cartesiana.

His stubbornness was such that it defied any Cartesian logic.

Philosophical reference.

Teimosamente, a memória insiste em trazer à tona o que queremos esquecer.

Stubbornly, memory insists on bringing to the surface what we want to forget.

Poetic personification of memory.

Não se pode confundir a teimosia do ignorante com a firmeza do sábio.

One cannot confuse the stubbornness of the ignorant with the firmness of the wise.

Rhetorical structure.

A resistência teimosa do material surpreendeu os engenheiros.

The stubborn resistance of the material surprised the engineers.

Technical/Scientific context.

A teimosia é o último refúgio daqueles que não têm argumentos.

Stubbornness is the last refuge of those who have no arguments.

Aphoristic style.

تلازمات شائعة

criança teimosa

mancha teimosa

tosse teimosa

ser teimoso como uma mula

teimosia cega

silêncio teimoso

recusa teimosa

burro teimoso

gordura teimosa

ideia teimosa

العبارات الشائعة

Deixa de ser teimoso!

— Stop being stubborn! Used in arguments or when giving advice.

Deixa de ser teimoso e admite que eu tenho razão.

Ele é um teimoso.

— He is a stubborn person. Using the adjective as a noun for emphasis.

Não fales com ele agora, ele é um teimoso.

Que teimosia!

— What stubbornness! An exclamation used when someone is being difficult.

Ainda não fizeste o que te pedi? Que teimosia!

Por teimosia.

— Out of stubbornness. Explaining the reason for an action.

Ele não veio à festa só por teimosia.

Teimoso que só ele.

— As stubborn as only he can be. A common way to emphasize the trait.

O meu pai é teimoso que só ele.

Vencer pela teimosia.

— To win through stubbornness. Suggesting persistence paid off.

Ela acabou por vencer pela teimosia.

Teimoso de morrer.

— Incredibly stubborn. Literally 'stubborn to death'.

O rapaz é teimoso de morrer, não ouve ninguém.

Bater na mesma tecla teimosamente.

— To stubbornly keep repeating the same thing. Literally 'hitting the same key'.

Ele continua a bater na mesma tecla teimosamente.

Não sejas teimoso.

— Don't be stubborn. A very common command.

Não sejas teimoso, leva o guarda-chuva.

É uma luta teimosa.

— It's a stubborn struggle. Describing a persistent conflict.

É uma luta teimosa contra a burocracia.

يُخلط عادةً مع

teimoso vs temeroso

Means 'fearful' or 'afraid'. It sounds similar but has a completely different meaning.

teimoso vs teimosia

This is the noun (stubbornness), while 'teimoso' is the adjective (stubborn).

teimoso vs tímido

Means 'shy'. Some beginners might confuse the 't' start, but they are unrelated.

تعبيرات اصطلاحية

"Teimoso como uma mula"

— Extremely stubborn, refusing to move or change. Very common.

Ele não quer mudar o plano, é teimoso como uma mula.

informal

"Dar murro em ponta de faca"

— To stubbornly persist in something that is useless or self-harming. Literally 'punching the tip of a knife'.

Tentar convencê-lo é dar murro em ponta de faca.

informal

"Ter a cabeça dura"

— To be hard-headed or stubborn. Often used as a synonym for teimoso.

Ele tem a cabeça dura e nunca aceita conselhos.

informal

"Pôr-se em bicos de pés"

— To stubbornly try to appear more important than one is, or to be defiant.

Ele pôs-se em bicos de pés e recusou-se a sair.

colloquial

"Fazer finca-pé"

— To stubbornly insist on something or refuse to budge from a position.

Ela fez finca-pé e não baixou o preço.

neutral

"Cabeça de vento"

— Opposite of teimoso in some ways, but can describe a stubborn lack of focus.

Ele é um cabeça de vento, mas quando cisma com algo, fica teimoso.

informal

"Água mole em pedra dura, tanto bate até que fura"

— Persistence (positive stubbornness) eventually succeeds.

Continua a tentar; água mole em pedra dura, tanto bate até que fura.

proverb

"Bater o pé"

— To put one's foot down; to stubbornly refuse or insist.

Eu bati o pé e disse que não ia trabalhar no sábado.

informal

"Fechado em copas"

— To be stubbornly silent or secretive about something.

Perguntei-lhe o que se passava, mas ele ficou fechado em copas.

idiomatic

"Não dar o braço a torcer"

— To stubbornly refuse to admit defeat or change one's mind.

Ele sabe que errou, mas não dá o braço a torcer.

common idiom

سهل الخلط

teimoso vs obstinado

Both mean stubborn/persistent.

Obstinado is usually more positive and formal, implying determination. Teimoso is more general and often negative.

Ele foi um pesquisador obstinado.

teimoso vs turrão

Both describe stubborn people.

Turrão is more informal and implies a grumpy or difficult personality, often used for old men.

Aquele velho turrão não quer sair de casa.

teimoso vs persistente

Both involve not giving up.

Persistente focuses on the effort to reach a goal, while teimoso focuses on the refusal to change.

Ela é persistente nos seus estudos.

teimoso vs casmurro

Both imply a lack of flexibility.

Casmurro adds a layer of being quiet, introverted, or sullen. Teimoso can be loud and argumentative.

O vizinho é um homem casmurro.

teimoso vs pertinaz

Both mean stubborn or persistent.

Pertinaz is very formal and often describes things (like diseases or problems) that are hard to get rid of.

Ele trava uma luta pertinaz contra a injustiça.

أنماط الجُمل

O [Noun] é teimoso.

O cão é teimoso.

Não sejas tão [Adjective]!

Não sejas tão teimoso!

Ele é [Adjective] como uma [Animal].

Ele é teimoso como uma mula.

Apesar de ser [Adjective], ele...

Apesar de ser teimoso, ele ouviu-me.

A [Noun] mostrou-se teimosa perante...

A inflação mostrou-se teimosa perante os juros.

Esta [Noun] é muito teimosa.

Esta mancha é muito teimosa.

A tua [Noun] irrita-me.

A tua teimosia irrita-me.

Teimosamente, o [Noun] insiste em...

Teimosamente, o passado insiste em voltar.

عائلة الكلمة

الأسماء

teimosia (stubbornness)

teima (insistence/obsession)

الأفعال

teimar (to be stubborn/to insist)

الصفات

teimoso (stubborn)

teimosíssimo (extremely stubborn)

مرتبط

obstinação

persistência

tenacidade

turra

casmurrice

سجّل مجاناً لرؤية جميع الأمثلة

كيفية الاستخدام

frequency

Very common in daily speech and media.

أخطاء شائعة

Ele é teimosa. → Ele é teimoso.
The adjective must agree with the masculine subject 'Ele'.
Eles são muito teimoso. → Eles são muito teimosos.
The adjective must be plural to match 'Eles'.
A mancha é teimoso. → A mancha é teimosa.
'Mancha' is a feminine noun, so the adjective must be 'teimosa'.
Tu estás teimoso (when they are always like that). → Tu és teimoso.
Use 'ser' for permanent character traits, 'estar' for temporary moods.
Ele é teimoso como um burro. → Ele é teimoso como uma mula.
While 'burro' is understood, the standard idiom uses 'mula'.

نصائح

Gender Agreement

Always remember to change the ending: 'Ele é teimoso' but 'Ela é teimosa'. This is a very common mistake for English speakers.

Ser vs Estar

Use 'ser' for someone who is always stubborn, and 'estar' for someone who is just being stubborn right now.

Synonyms

Use 'obstinado' if you want to sound more formal or if the stubbornness is actually a good thing (persistence).

Brazilian Slang

In Brazil, try using 'turrão' to sound more like a local when describing a hard-headed friend.

The 'S' sound

The 's' in 'teimoso' is between two vowels, so it must be pronounced like a 'z'. Thinking of 'zoo' helps.

The Mule Comparison

To emphasize how stubborn someone is, use 'teimoso como uma mula'. It's a classic and very expressive idiom.

Inanimate Objects

Don't be afraid to use 'teimoso' for stains, coughs, or computer errors. It makes your Portuguese sound much more natural.

Adverbial use

Use 'teimosamente' to describe an action: 'Ele continuou teimosamente' adds a lot of flavor to your storytelling.

Visual Aid

Imagine a wall. A teimoso person is the one trying to walk through the wall instead of using the door.

Softening the Blow

If you need to tell someone they are being stubborn, adding 'um pouco' (a bit) makes it much less offensive: 'Estás um pouco teimoso'.

احفظها

وسيلة تذكّر

Think of 'tei' as 'stay'. A 'teimoso' person wants to STAY with their own idea. They are 'stay-moso'.

ربط بصري

Visualize a mule (burro) with its feet planted firmly in the mud, refusing to move while someone pulls its rope.

Word Web

teimoso teimosa teimosia teimar teimosamente mula cabeça dura obstinado

تحدٍّ

Try to use 'teimoso' or 'teimosa' at least three times today: once for a person, once for an animal, and once for an object like a computer or a stain.

أصل الكلمة

Derived from the Portuguese noun 'teima', which comes from the Greek 'théma' (proposition/theme), but evolved in Iberian languages to mean 'insistence' or 'obsession'.

المعنى الأصلي: The original sense in Portuguese was related to an fixed idea or a recurring theme in one's mind.

Romance (Indo-European).

السياق الثقافي

Calling someone 'teimoso' is generally not a severe insult, but in a professional setting, it can imply that the person is difficult to work with or unprofessional.

English speakers might find 'teimoso' more versatile than 'stubborn' because it's so easily applied to objects and illnesses in daily speech.

Machado de Assis's 'Dom Casmurro' (a literary exploration of a specific kind of stubbornness). The character 'Zé do Burro' in 'O Pagador de Promessas' (showing extreme religious teimosia). Common Brazilian 'turrão' characters in comedy sketches.

تدرّب في الحياة الواقعية

سياقات واقعية

Family Arguments

Não sejas teimoso!
És igual ao teu pai.
Que teimosia a tua!
Ouve o que te digo.

Cleaning/Housework

Esta mancha é teimosa.
Não sai com nada.
Tenho de esfregar mais.
Que gordura teimosa!

Health/Doctor

Tenho uma tosse teimosa.
A febre continua teimosa.
A dor não passa.
É uma gripe teimosa.

Work/Office

Ele é teimoso nas reuniões.
Não aceita sugestões.
É uma atitude teimosa.
Precisamos de ser flexíveis.

Describing Pets

O meu cão é teimoso.
Não vem quando chamo.
É um gato teimoso.
Ele faz o que quer.

بدايات محادثة

"Consideras-te uma pessoa teimosa ou flexível?"

"Qual é a pessoa mais teimosa que conheces na tua família?"

"Já tiveste de lidar com uma mancha teimosa na tua roupa?"

"Acham que ser teimoso pode ser uma coisa boa às vezes?"

"Como é que lidas com alguém que é teimoso como uma mula?"

مواضيع للكتابة اليومية

Escreve sobre uma situação em que a tua teimosia te ajudou a alcançar um objetivo difícil.

Descreve um personagem de um livro ou filme que seja extremamente teimoso.

Pensa numa altura em que devias ter ouvido um conselho mas foste teimoso. O que aconteceu?

A teimosia é uma característica comum no teu país? Explica com exemplos.

Como podemos distinguir entre ser teimoso e ser persistente?

الأسئلة الشائعة

10 أسئلة

Not necessarily. While it usually implies someone is being difficult, it can be used with a sense of admiration for someone who doesn't give up easily. For example, 'Ela foi teimosa e conseguiu o emprego' implies her persistence paid off.

Yes! It's very common to personify objects that are being difficult. You can say 'Este computador está teimoso hoje' if it's being slow or buggy.

'Teimoso' is the standard word. 'Turrão' is more informal and often implies a grumpy, old-fashioned kind of stubbornness. You hear 'turrão' a lot in Brazil.

The noun form is 'teimosia'. For example: 'A sua teimosia é incrível' (Your stubbornness is incredible).

Yes, etymologically it comes from 'teima', which traces back to the Greek 'thema'. It evolved from meaning a 'fixed topic' to 'fixed mind'.

In Portuguese, it is 'teimoso'. 'Temoso' is an archaic or very rare variant that you should avoid using in modern conversation.

Yes, if a smell persists and won't go away even after cleaning, you can call it 'um cheiro teimoso'.

The most common opposite is 'flexível' (flexible). Other options include 'dócil' (docile) or 'obediente' (obedient).

It's a diphthong. Start with an 'e' sound (like in 'bed') and glide into an 'i' sound (like in 'ski'). It sounds similar to the 'ay' in 'stay'.

It depends on your relationship, but generally, it's a bit too informal and potentially disrespectful. It's better to use 'firme' or 'decidido' if you want to be professional.

سجّل مجاناً للنصائح والملاحظات